{"title":"Value of shear wave elastography in the differential diagnosis of breast small nodules","authors":"Jie Liu, Jian-Ming Ma","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"目的 \u0000探讨剪切波弹性成像（SWE）对乳腺小结节的鉴别诊断价值。 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000方法 \u0000选取2018年6月到2019年1月山西省儿童医院及山西医科大学第二医院经手术病理证实的女性乳腺小结节（结节最大径≤10 mm）患者77例，共101个结节（良性35个，恶性66个），术前均行常规二维超声及SWE检查。以术后病理结果为金标准，比较良、恶性小结节的弹性模量值[最大值（Emax）、平均值（Emean）、最小值（Emin）]，并绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC），得到Emax、Emean、Emin的最佳诊断界值及三者诊断乳腺恶性小结节的准确度。以准确性高的弹性模量值作为SWE诊断乳腺恶性小结节的标准，以美国放射学会建立的乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）分级作为常规二维超声诊断乳腺恶性小结节的标准，分别计算出SWE、BI-RADS诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阴性预测值及阳性预测值。 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000结果 \u0000乳腺恶性小结节的Emax、Emean、Emin均大于良性小结节，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01）。Emax、Emean、Emin诊断乳腺恶性小结节的最佳诊断界值分别为40.5、35.5、20.5 kPa，曲线下面积分别为0.986、0.980、0.746。以Emax≥40.5 kPa作为诊断乳腺恶性小结节标准的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值分别为93.7%、90.2%、92.1%、88.6%、79.5%，以Emean≥35.5 kPa作为标准时分别为92.4%、94.3%、93.1%、96.8%、86.8%，均高于BI-RADS的70.8%、74.2%、71.4%、62.8%、46.3%；以Emin≥20.5 kPa作为标准时的灵敏度、特异度、约登指数分别为56.8%、98.2%、55.0%。 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000结论 \u0000相对于常规二维超声，SWE对乳腺恶性小结节具有较高的诊断价值。","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47834298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.002
C. Guo, Qi Zuo, Xiaofeng Yang, Fan Zhang
Objective To investigate the property and the combination effect of the peptide specifically binding to human medullary breast cancer Bcap-37 cells by using phage display in vivo and to provide molecular targeting probe for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods The human medullary breast carcinoma Bcap-37 cells tumor-bearing nude mice model was prepared and three rounds in vivo were performed by using Ph.D.-C7CTM phage display peptide library. The distribution of screened phages in tumors and normal tissues was detected by using immunohistochemistry. The affinity of monoclonal phage to Bcap-37 cells was identified by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive monoclonal phage DNA was taken and sequenced, and the sequence with high repetition rate was selected to synthesize peptide by using chemical methods. Optical molecular probe was prepared and fluorescence molecular imaging was used to test its specificity and targeting ability for breast transplantation tumor of tumor-bearing nude mice in vivo. Results The recovery rate of phage in the third round screening in vivo was 107.2 times than that in the first round. Immunohistochemical results showed that the phages binding to the tumor tissues were increased successively with the increasing screening rounds in vivo. The number of phages binding to tumor tissues was more than that binding to normal tissues (lung, skeletal muscle, liver and kidney). The absorbancy (A) value of section scanning image in the tumor tissues was higher than that in the normal tissues, and the difference was statistically significant different (P < 0.05). ELISA results showed that 22 phages (affinity≥2) among the 50 randomly selected monoclonal phage were positive. After DNA sequencing analysis of the positive monoclonal phage, 4 repeat amino acid sequences were obtained. The fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled (FITC)-CSPLNTRFC with the highest repetition rate was synthesized for FITC-CSPLNTRFC peptide. Bcap-37 cells tumor-bearing nude mice model assay in vivo showed that FITC-CSPLNTRFC peptide could significantly enriched in the breast xenograft tissues. Conclusion CSPLNTRFC peptide specifically binding to human medullary breast cancer Bcap-37 cells can be screened out successfully by using phage display in vivo, which will be helpful to vitro studies on the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Key words: Breast neoplasms; Peptide library; Phage display; Specifically binding peptide
{"title":"Peptide specifically binding to human medullary breast carcinoma Bcap-37 cells selected by phage display in vivo and its property as well as combination effect","authors":"C. Guo, Qi Zuo, Xiaofeng Yang, Fan Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the property and the combination effect of the peptide specifically binding to human medullary breast cancer Bcap-37 cells by using phage display in vivo and to provide molecular targeting probe for early diagnosis of breast cancer. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The human medullary breast carcinoma Bcap-37 cells tumor-bearing nude mice model was prepared and three rounds in vivo were performed by using Ph.D.-C7CTM phage display peptide library. The distribution of screened phages in tumors and normal tissues was detected by using immunohistochemistry. The affinity of monoclonal phage to Bcap-37 cells was identified by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive monoclonal phage DNA was taken and sequenced, and the sequence with high repetition rate was selected to synthesize peptide by using chemical methods. Optical molecular probe was prepared and fluorescence molecular imaging was used to test its specificity and targeting ability for breast transplantation tumor of tumor-bearing nude mice in vivo. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The recovery rate of phage in the third round screening in vivo was 107.2 times than that in the first round. Immunohistochemical results showed that the phages binding to the tumor tissues were increased successively with the increasing screening rounds in vivo. The number of phages binding to tumor tissues was more than that binding to normal tissues (lung, skeletal muscle, liver and kidney). The absorbancy (A) value of section scanning image in the tumor tissues was higher than that in the normal tissues, and the difference was statistically significant different (P < 0.05). ELISA results showed that 22 phages (affinity≥2) among the 50 randomly selected monoclonal phage were positive. After DNA sequencing analysis of the positive monoclonal phage, 4 repeat amino acid sequences were obtained. The fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled (FITC)-CSPLNTRFC with the highest repetition rate was synthesized for FITC-CSPLNTRFC peptide. Bcap-37 cells tumor-bearing nude mice model assay in vivo showed that FITC-CSPLNTRFC peptide could significantly enriched in the breast xenograft tissues. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000CSPLNTRFC peptide specifically binding to human medullary breast cancer Bcap-37 cells can be screened out successfully by using phage display in vivo, which will be helpful to vitro studies on the early diagnosis of breast cancer. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Breast neoplasms; Peptide library; Phage display; Specifically binding peptide","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44414053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.016
Ying Chen, Yifan Zhang, Jinxiang Zhang, Jiaqi Wang
Chemotherapy has become an important therapy for breast cancer. The myelosuppression is an inevitable adverse reaction during the chemotherapy, as well as a sign of drug effectiveness to some degree. Some retrospective studies have found that the patients with myelosuppression show the better survival in the chemotherapy of early breast cancer. This paper discusses the significance of myelosuppression in the chemotherapy of early breast cancer. Key words: Breast neoplasms; Neutropenia; Drug therapy, combination; Myelosuppression
{"title":"Significance of myelosuppression in the chemotherapy of early breast cancer","authors":"Ying Chen, Yifan Zhang, Jinxiang Zhang, Jiaqi Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy has become an important therapy for breast cancer. The myelosuppression is an inevitable adverse reaction during the chemotherapy, as well as a sign of drug effectiveness to some degree. Some retrospective studies have found that the patients with myelosuppression show the better survival in the chemotherapy of early breast cancer. This paper discusses the significance of myelosuppression in the chemotherapy of early breast cancer. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Breast neoplasms; Neutropenia; Drug therapy, combination; Myelosuppression","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43612186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.003
Ke-min Cai, Qingxiao Guo, Fei Wang, Bo Yang
Objective To investigate the effect of miRNA-106b (miR-106b) on human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 and TU212 cells and its mechanism. Methods Hep-2 and TU212 cells were divided into miR-106b inhibitory sequence transfected group (the experimental group), miR-106b competitive negative sequence transfected group (the negative control group) and non-intervention group (the blank group). The inhibitory effect of miR-106b inhibitory sequence on the expression of miR-106b was verified by using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Whether phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was the target gene of miR-106b was analyzed by using bioinformatics and luciferase report vector. PTEN small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to inhibit the expression of PTEN in Hep-2 and TU212 cells. Transwell method and Western blot were used to detect the change of invasion ability of Hep-2 and TU212 cells after miR-106b silencing or the PTEN intervening, and the expression change of PTEN, epithelial cadherin and vimentin. Results The relative expression levels of miR-106b in Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group were 0.110 ± 0.037 and 0.074 ± 0.009, respectively, which were lower than those in the negative control group (1.013±0.059 and 1.035±0.062, respectively; all P < 0.05). In Transwell experiments, the number of invasive cells in each field of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group was less than that in the negative control group [(37.09±4.02) vs. (95.65±4.77), (29.16±2.49) vs. (103.19±6.08), all P < 0.05]. The bioinformatics analysis results showed that 3'-UTR region of PTEN mRNA was complementary to 3'-UTR region of miR-106b. Dual-luciferase reporter system analysis showed that the luciferase reporter activity of wild-type PTEN gene transfected with miR-106b was decreased to (22.84±2.68)%, and that of mutant PTEN gene transfected with miR-106b was almost unchanged [(92.08±3.44)%], and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The expression level of PTEN protein of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group was higher than that in the negative control group. Transwell method showed that the number of invasive cells in each field of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group with the inhibition of PTEN expression was more than that in the experimental group without the inhibition of PTEN expression [(65.08±3.57) vs. (26.72±2.58), (57.38±4.96) vs. (31.81±2.97), all P < 0.05]. Western blot showed that the expression level of epithelial-cadherin was up-regulated and vimentin was down-regulated of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group with the inhibition of PTEN expression. Conclusions The human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 and TU212 cell miR-106b can influence the downstream invasion-related protein of PTEN and change the cell invasion ability through the targeted regulation of PTEN expression. Key words: Laryngeal neoplasms; Carcinoma, s
{"title":"Study on the mechanism of inhibiting invasion of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 and TU212 cells after the downregulation of miRNA-106b","authors":"Ke-min Cai, Qingxiao Guo, Fei Wang, Bo Yang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the effect of miRNA-106b (miR-106b) on human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 and TU212 cells and its mechanism. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Hep-2 and TU212 cells were divided into miR-106b inhibitory sequence transfected group (the experimental group), miR-106b competitive negative sequence transfected group (the negative control group) and non-intervention group (the blank group). The inhibitory effect of miR-106b inhibitory sequence on the expression of miR-106b was verified by using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Whether phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was the target gene of miR-106b was analyzed by using bioinformatics and luciferase report vector. PTEN small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to inhibit the expression of PTEN in Hep-2 and TU212 cells. Transwell method and Western blot were used to detect the change of invasion ability of Hep-2 and TU212 cells after miR-106b silencing or the PTEN intervening, and the expression change of PTEN, epithelial cadherin and vimentin. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The relative expression levels of miR-106b in Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group were 0.110 ± 0.037 and 0.074 ± 0.009, respectively, which were lower than those in the negative control group (1.013±0.059 and 1.035±0.062, respectively; all P < 0.05). In Transwell experiments, the number of invasive cells in each field of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group was less than that in the negative control group [(37.09±4.02) vs. (95.65±4.77), (29.16±2.49) vs. (103.19±6.08), all P < 0.05]. The bioinformatics analysis results showed that 3'-UTR region of PTEN mRNA was complementary to 3'-UTR region of miR-106b. Dual-luciferase reporter system analysis showed that the luciferase reporter activity of wild-type PTEN gene transfected with miR-106b was decreased to (22.84±2.68)%, and that of mutant PTEN gene transfected with miR-106b was almost unchanged [(92.08±3.44)%], and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The expression level of PTEN protein of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group was higher than that in the negative control group. Transwell method showed that the number of invasive cells in each field of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group with the inhibition of PTEN expression was more than that in the experimental group without the inhibition of PTEN expression [(65.08±3.57) vs. (26.72±2.58), (57.38±4.96) vs. (31.81±2.97), all P < 0.05]. Western blot showed that the expression level of epithelial-cadherin was up-regulated and vimentin was down-regulated of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in the experimental group with the inhibition of PTEN expression. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 and TU212 cell miR-106b can influence the downstream invasion-related protein of PTEN and change the cell invasion ability through the targeted regulation of PTEN expression. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Laryngeal neoplasms; Carcinoma, s","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47527702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To analyze the ultrasound characteristics and diagnostic efficacy of ultrasound and molybdenum target in the removal of untouchable benign and malignant breast lesions after guided wire positioning surgery. Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 324 patients with untouchable breast nodules who underwent surgical resection under the guidance of ultrasound guided guide wire from March 2011 to October 2018 at Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital. The results of ultrasound and molybdenum target examinations were retrospectively analyzed for benign and malignant breast lesions that were found to be untouchable by ultrasound examination. Among the 58 patients with malignant lesions, there were 33 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, 14 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ, 1 case of lobular carcinoma in situ, 3 cases of invasive lobular carcinoma, 4 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma combined with ductal carcinoma, 1 case of mucinous carcinoma, 1 case of medullary carcinoma, and 1 case of invasive ductal carcinoma combined with invasive lobular carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ. Among 266 patients with benign lesions, 167 were fibromas, 61 were breast adenomas, 31 were intraductal papillomas, 5 were ductal dilation, and 2 were inflammatory lesions. The difference between the two ultrasound features of incomplete margin and calcification in determining the benign and malignant status of untouchable breast nodules is statistically significant（ χ 2=129.155, P<0.001; χ 2=11.834, P=0.001). Taking 4B as the boundary value for benign and malignant tumors, the diagnostic sensitivity of ultrasound is 84.5%, the specificity is 91.0%, and the positive predictive value is 67.1%; The diagnostic sensitivity of molybdenum target is 77.6%, specificity is 93.2%, and positive predictive value is 71.4%. The combination of molybdenum target and ultrasound has a sensitivity of 93.1%, a specificity of 86.8%, and a positive predictive value of 60.7%. Conclusion: Non palpable breast nodules are difficult to diagnose, and ultrasound examination is helpful in differential diagnosis. Ultrasound diagnosis has a high sensitivity for breast lesions that cannot be touched, and the specificity of molybdenum targets is high. The combination of molybdenum targets and ultrasound can improve diagnostic sensitivity.
{"title":"Ultrasonographic characteristics of hook wire-localized impalpable benign and malignant breast nodules and the diagnostic value analysis of ultrasonogragh and mammography","authors":"R. Guo, Yuxiang Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"目的 \u0000分析导丝定位后手术切除不能触及的乳腺良恶性病变的超声特征及超声与钼靶的诊断效能。 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000方法 \u0000选取山西省肿瘤医院2011年3月至2018年10月经超声引导下导丝定位后行手术切除的324例不能触及的乳腺结节患者，回顾性分析超声检查发现且不能触及的乳腺良恶性病变的超声及钼靶检查结果。 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000结果 \u000058例恶性病变患者中浸润性导管癌33例，导管原位癌14例，小叶原位癌1例，浸润性小叶癌3例，浸润性导管癌合并导管内癌4例，黏液癌1例，髓样癌1例，浸润性导管癌合并浸润性小叶癌及导管原位癌1例。266例良性病变患者中纤维瘤167例，乳腺腺病61例，乳管内乳头状瘤31例，导管扩张5例，炎症性病变2例。边缘不完整、伴钙化这两个超声特征在判断不可触及的乳腺结节的良恶性中差异均有统计学意义（χ2=129.155，P<0.001；χ2=11.834，P=0.001）。以4B为良恶性的界值，超声的诊断灵敏度84.5%，特异度91.0%，阳性预测值67.1%；钼靶的诊断灵敏度77.6%，特异度93.2%，阳性预测值71.4%。钼靶和超声联合使用灵敏度93.1%，特异度86.8%，阳性预测值60.7%。 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000结论 \u0000不能触及的乳腺结节较难诊断，超声检查有助于鉴别诊断。超声诊断对不能触及的乳腺病变的灵敏度较高，钼靶的特异度较高，钼靶和超声联合使用能提高诊断灵敏度。","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49481864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.001
Yizhou Bai, Anyang Liu, Wu Ji, B. Luo, Jin-Yi Tian
Objective To investigate the effect of actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 (ARPC2) gene silencing on the biological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) TPC-1 cells through lentivirus-mediated RNA interference. Methods TPC-1 cells infected with nonsense short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequence lentivirus (shCtrl) was used as the control group. TPC-1 cells infected with ARPC2 shRNA interference sequence lentivirus (shARPC2) was used as the experimental group, in which the expression of ARPC2 gene was specifically interfered. The effects of silencing the expression of ARPC2 gene on the proliferation of TPC-1 cells were detected by using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, Western blot and colony formation test. Flow cytometry and Western blot were conducted to detect the effect of silencing ARPC2 gene on TPC-1 cells apoptosis and related proteins. Results shARPC2 could efficiently infect TPC-1 cells, and the expression efficiency of green fluorescent protein was over 85%. Compared with the control group, TPC-1 proliferation was inhibited in the experimental group. The ratio of S-phase cells in the experimental group was reduced compared with that in the control group [(14.79±0.21)% vs. (21.13±0.33)%, t = 27.77, P < 0.05]. The ratio of G1 and G2/M-phase cells in the experimental group was increased compared with that in the control group [G1 phase: (67.57±0.08)% vs. (62.06±0.36)%, t=25.56, P < 0.05; G2/M phase: (17.64±0.12)% vs. (16.91±0.17)%, t=6.154, P < 0.05]. Meanwhile, the expressions of cell cycle-related proteins CDK2, CyclinE and CyclinD were reduced in the experimental group. The number of clone formation in the experimental group was less than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant [(10±2) vs. (161±6), t=9.011, P < 0.05]. In addition, the apoptotic ratio of cells in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [(8.60±0.77)% vs. (4.08±0.40)%, t=9.011, P < 0.05]. Western blot showed that the expressions of anti-apoptotic factors p21 and bcl-2 were reduced in the experimental group, while the expression of pro-apoptotic factor bax was increased. Conclusion The interference with the expression of ARPC2 regulated by shRNA can inhibit the proliferation, and promote the apoptosis of PTC TPC-1 cells, indicating that ARPC2 may be a possible biological new target for the treatment of PTC. Key words: Thyroid neoplasms; RNA interference; Cell proliferation; Apoptosis
{"title":"Effect of actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 gene silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma TPC-1 cells","authors":"Yizhou Bai, Anyang Liu, Wu Ji, B. Luo, Jin-Yi Tian","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the effect of actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 (ARPC2) gene silencing on the biological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) TPC-1 cells through lentivirus-mediated RNA interference. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000TPC-1 cells infected with nonsense short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequence lentivirus (shCtrl) was used as the control group. TPC-1 cells infected with ARPC2 shRNA interference sequence lentivirus (shARPC2) was used as the experimental group, in which the expression of ARPC2 gene was specifically interfered. The effects of silencing the expression of ARPC2 gene on the proliferation of TPC-1 cells were detected by using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, Western blot and colony formation test. Flow cytometry and Western blot were conducted to detect the effect of silencing ARPC2 gene on TPC-1 cells apoptosis and related proteins. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000shARPC2 could efficiently infect TPC-1 cells, and the expression efficiency of green fluorescent protein was over 85%. Compared with the control group, TPC-1 proliferation was inhibited in the experimental group. The ratio of S-phase cells in the experimental group was reduced compared with that in the control group [(14.79±0.21)% vs. (21.13±0.33)%, t = 27.77, P < 0.05]. The ratio of G1 and G2/M-phase cells in the experimental group was increased compared with that in the control group [G1 phase: (67.57±0.08)% vs. (62.06±0.36)%, t=25.56, P < 0.05; G2/M phase: (17.64±0.12)% vs. (16.91±0.17)%, t=6.154, P < 0.05]. Meanwhile, the expressions of cell cycle-related proteins CDK2, CyclinE and CyclinD were reduced in the experimental group. The number of clone formation in the experimental group was less than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant [(10±2) vs. (161±6), t=9.011, P < 0.05]. In addition, the apoptotic ratio of cells in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [(8.60±0.77)% vs. (4.08±0.40)%, t=9.011, P < 0.05]. Western blot showed that the expressions of anti-apoptotic factors p21 and bcl-2 were reduced in the experimental group, while the expression of pro-apoptotic factor bax was increased. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000The interference with the expression of ARPC2 regulated by shRNA can inhibit the proliferation, and promote the apoptosis of PTC TPC-1 cells, indicating that ARPC2 may be a possible biological new target for the treatment of PTC. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Thyroid neoplasms; RNA interference; Cell proliferation; Apoptosis","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45140494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.007
Jianhong Li, Lili Ma, Lina Zhang
Objective To analyze the expressions of coordinated stimulating molecular programmed death 1(PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in human glioma and their clinical significances. Methods A total of 70 postoperative paraffin specimens of brain glioma and 35 normal brain tissues in Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College from January 2013 to December 2017 were collected. The expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in 70 glioma tissues and 35 normal brain tissues were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. The relationship between the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 and their correlation with the clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results The positive expression rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 in glioma tissues were 69% (48/70) and 62% (43/70), respectively, which were higher than those in normal brain tissues [29% (10/35), 31% (11/35)], the differences were statistically significant (χ2 values were 15.099 and 8.407, both P 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins in glioma tissues (r= 0.372, P= 0.002). Conclusions The PD-1 and PD-L1 may become new biological indicators for evaluating the occurrence and development of glioma. Key words: Brain neoplasms; Glioma; Programmed death 1; Programmed death ligand 1; Immunohistochemistry
{"title":"Expressions of coordinated stimulating molecular programmed death 1 and its ligand 1 in brain glioma and their clinical significances","authors":"Jianhong Li, Lili Ma, Lina Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To analyze the expressions of coordinated stimulating molecular programmed death 1(PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in human glioma and their clinical significances. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 70 postoperative paraffin specimens of brain glioma and 35 normal brain tissues in Heji Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College from January 2013 to December 2017 were collected. The expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in 70 glioma tissues and 35 normal brain tissues were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. The relationship between the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 and their correlation with the clinicopathological features were analyzed. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The positive expression rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 in glioma tissues were 69% (48/70) and 62% (43/70), respectively, which were higher than those in normal brain tissues [29% (10/35), 31% (11/35)], the differences were statistically significant (χ2 values were 15.099 and 8.407, both P 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins in glioma tissues (r= 0.372, P= 0.002). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The PD-1 and PD-L1 may become new biological indicators for evaluating the occurrence and development of glioma. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Brain neoplasms; Glioma; Programmed death 1; Programmed death ligand 1; Immunohistochemistry","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43237711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.014
Zhengqin Geng, Ling Zhou, Jiadai Tang
Bone metastasis is one of the common complications of patients with advanced prostate cancer. The treatment of skeletal-related events (SRE) caused by bone metastasis, such as the pain, is not effective, and the prognosis is poor, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Therefore, exploring the bone metastasis of prostate cancer is of great significance. At present, the relevant mechanism of bone metastasis is still unclear, and the vicious cycle formed by the interaction between the host microenvironment and prostate cancer cells, might be an important reason, among which, the research on RANK-RANKL signaling pathway is relatively mature. This article reviews the current research status of prostate cancer bone metastasis-related signaling pathways, and describes the regulatory relationships of the same signaling molecules in different signaling pathways. Key words: Prostate neoplasms; Bone metastasis; Signaling pathway
{"title":"Progress of signaling pathways related to bone destruction after bone metastasis in prostate cancer","authors":"Zhengqin Geng, Ling Zhou, Jiadai Tang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"Bone metastasis is one of the common complications of patients with advanced prostate cancer. The treatment of skeletal-related events (SRE) caused by bone metastasis, such as the pain, is not effective, and the prognosis is poor, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Therefore, exploring the bone metastasis of prostate cancer is of great significance. At present, the relevant mechanism of bone metastasis is still unclear, and the vicious cycle formed by the interaction between the host microenvironment and prostate cancer cells, might be an important reason, among which, the research on RANK-RANKL signaling pathway is relatively mature. This article reviews the current research status of prostate cancer bone metastasis-related signaling pathways, and describes the regulatory relationships of the same signaling molecules in different signaling pathways. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Prostate neoplasms; Bone metastasis; Signaling pathway","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47288761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.013
X. Ren, Hu-Bin Duan, Youchao Xiao, J. Hao
Glioma is one of the most common and invasive malignant tumors in the central nervous system. The Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway is a classical Wnt pathway, which is involved in the occurrence and development of glioma and other tumors. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule without protein coding function, which plays a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. Recent studies have shown that LncRNA and Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways are jointly involved in glioma growth, invasion, migration and other processes, but the complex mechanism has not been thoroughly elaborated. In this paper, the influence of Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway and its related LncRNA on glioma was reviewed, and the pathogenesis of glioma was deeply understood, so as to find a better way for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma. Key words: Glioma; Wnt signaling pathway; Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway; Long non-coding RNA
{"title":"Progress of Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway related long non-coding RNA in glioma","authors":"X. Ren, Hu-Bin Duan, Youchao Xiao, J. Hao","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"Glioma is one of the most common and invasive malignant tumors in the central nervous system. The Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway is a classical Wnt pathway, which is involved in the occurrence and development of glioma and other tumors. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule without protein coding function, which plays a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. Recent studies have shown that LncRNA and Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways are jointly involved in glioma growth, invasion, migration and other processes, but the complex mechanism has not been thoroughly elaborated. In this paper, the influence of Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway and its related LncRNA on glioma was reviewed, and the pathogenesis of glioma was deeply understood, so as to find a better way for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Glioma; Wnt signaling pathway; Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway; Long non-coding RNA","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41622218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.001
Gaojun Lu, Ruo-tian Wang, X. Tian, Xin Jin
Objective To investigate the value of the folate receptor (FR)-positive circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection in the diagnosis of benign and malignant subcentimeter pulmonary nodules(the maximum diameter ≤10 mm). Methods Thirty-seven patients with subcentimeter pulmonary nodules (the chest CT showed the maximum diameter was ≤10 mm) in the Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from July to December 2018 were collected. Among them, 22 cases were diagnosed with early stage lung adenocarcinoma by postoperative pathological diagnosis and another 15 cases were benign lung lesion. Venous blood samples from these patients were collected before surgery and then utilized to detect FR+ CTC level (defined unit as FU/3 ml) by novel ligand-targeted polymerase chain reaction (LT-PCR), and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of tumor markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase(NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragment CYFRA21-1, carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), CA199, pro-gastrin releasing peptide (pro-GRP), etc. The t-test was used to compare the measurement values between the groups. The CTC value 8.70 FU/3 ml described in the detection kit instruction was used as the threshold. The binary logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of malignant pulmonary nodules. The kappa consistency test was used to identify the consistency of the diagnosis results obtained by the FR+ CTC level and the pathological results of surgically resected specimens. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the efficiency of each index for the diagnosis of benign and malignant subcentimeter pulmonary nodules. Results The level of FR+ CTC in patients with early stage lung cancer was higher than that in patients with benign lung lesion, and the difference was statistically significant [(11.0±3.0) FU/3 ml vs. (7.0±3.7) FU/3 ml, t=-3.327, P = 0.001]. The level of FR+ CTC was not related to the age, gender and smoking history of patients (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that high-level FR+ CTC was one of the risk factors for malignant pulmonary nodules (OR = 37.333, 95% CI 3.994-349.010, P = 0.002). The kappa consistency test indicated that the level of FR+ CTC used for the diagnosis of lung subcentimeter nodules presented a certain accuracy (κ = 0.627, P < 0.01). ROC illustrated that the FR+ CTC was better than CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 when it was used as an indicator for the diagnosis of malignant pulmonary nodules. The area under the curve(AUC) of FR+ CTC was 0.830 (95% CI 0.639-0.968), and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 72.7% (95% CI 49.6%-88.4%) and 93.3% (95% CI 66.0%-99.7%), respectively. When FR+ CTC, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 were combined for lung cancer diagnosis, the AUC, sensitivity and specificity were 0.776 (95% CI 0.614-0.938), 86.4% and 73.3%, respectively. Conclusion The detection of FR+ CTC has a high value in the dia
{"title":"Diagnostic value of folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cell detection in subcentimeter pulmonary nodules","authors":"Gaojun Lu, Ruo-tian Wang, X. Tian, Xin Jin","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-9801.2020.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the value of the folate receptor (FR)-positive circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection in the diagnosis of benign and malignant subcentimeter pulmonary nodules(the maximum diameter ≤10 mm). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Thirty-seven patients with subcentimeter pulmonary nodules (the chest CT showed the maximum diameter was ≤10 mm) in the Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from July to December 2018 were collected. Among them, 22 cases were diagnosed with early stage lung adenocarcinoma by postoperative pathological diagnosis and another 15 cases were benign lung lesion. Venous blood samples from these patients were collected before surgery and then utilized to detect FR+ CTC level (defined unit as FU/3 ml) by novel ligand-targeted polymerase chain reaction (LT-PCR), and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of tumor markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase(NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragment CYFRA21-1, carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), CA199, pro-gastrin releasing peptide (pro-GRP), etc. The t-test was used to compare the measurement values between the groups. The CTC value 8.70 FU/3 ml described in the detection kit instruction was used as the threshold. The binary logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of malignant pulmonary nodules. The kappa consistency test was used to identify the consistency of the diagnosis results obtained by the FR+ CTC level and the pathological results of surgically resected specimens. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the efficiency of each index for the diagnosis of benign and malignant subcentimeter pulmonary nodules. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The level of FR+ CTC in patients with early stage lung cancer was higher than that in patients with benign lung lesion, and the difference was statistically significant [(11.0±3.0) FU/3 ml vs. (7.0±3.7) FU/3 ml, t=-3.327, P = 0.001]. The level of FR+ CTC was not related to the age, gender and smoking history of patients (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that high-level FR+ CTC was one of the risk factors for malignant pulmonary nodules (OR = 37.333, 95% CI 3.994-349.010, P = 0.002). The kappa consistency test indicated that the level of FR+ CTC used for the diagnosis of lung subcentimeter nodules presented a certain accuracy (κ = 0.627, P < 0.01). ROC illustrated that the FR+ CTC was better than CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 when it was used as an indicator for the diagnosis of malignant pulmonary nodules. The area under the curve(AUC) of FR+ CTC was 0.830 (95% CI 0.639-0.968), and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 72.7% (95% CI 49.6%-88.4%) and 93.3% (95% CI 66.0%-99.7%), respectively. When FR+ CTC, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 were combined for lung cancer diagnosis, the AUC, sensitivity and specificity were 0.776 (95% CI 0.614-0.938), 86.4% and 73.3%, respectively. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000The detection of FR+ CTC has a high value in the dia","PeriodicalId":9505,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research and Clinic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43811463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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