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Consideration of modern sendimentary processes of the Evros river delta front and prodelta, NE Aegean sea 爱琴海东北部埃夫罗斯河三角洲前缘和前三角洲现代基本过程的思考
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/BGSG.17305
Θ. Δ. Κανελλοπουλοσ, Β. Καψιμαλησ, Μ. Ο. Αγγελιδησ, Ε. Καμπερη, Α. Καραγεωργησ
Gravity cores data from the Evros River delta front and prodelta confirm the aspect that the Evros River deltaic deposits tend to west-northwest, along the main direction of the local hydrodynamic regime, preventing the construction of a symmetrical Holocene prism. In the delta front, the terrigenous sediment consists mostly of fine-grained material. Its vertical succession is monotonous with slight differences in grain size or colour, and lack of internal structure or current-produced laminae, indicating almost immutable sedimentary processes as well as long-term discharge fluctuations. The river-borne sand is limited because of its entrapment in the river mouth but sometimes, during extreme conditions (periods of high river discharge, short-lived catastrophic events etc.), can be transported seawards covering an extensive area of the Alexandroupolis Gulf. The negligible biogenic content and the absence of bioturbation effects are attributed to the high rates of deposition. Some bioturbated horizons are produced when sedimentation rates decrease temporarily. The prodelta sediment distribution patterns occur a distinctive zonation along an east-southeast to westnorthwest trend. In the central part, mud dominates, while on both sides of this area, the content of sand gradually increases and becomes the prevalent facies near the coast and in the outer plateau of the gulf. The vertical facies sequences of the upper sedimentary cover are complicated, with many variations in grain size, colour and biogenic content reflecting a complicated manner of deposition. The major feeder of this area is the Evros River providing great amounts of suspended load. Another remarkable source of sand is derived from the coastline, which during storm conditions provides coarse-grained material in the shoreface area. Finally, a sediment supplier of local importance, Loutros River, affects the eastern area of Alexandroupolis building up a small subaqueous fan. In the open sea, the consequences of the modern sedimentation are negligible. The sandy character of the surface and sub-surface sediments, the analysis of biogenic fragments, the long distance from the present-day terrigenous sources are some evidences which lead to the view that the upper sediment body of the southwestern part of the study area has a presumable relict origin. 210Pb profiles are, more of less, consistent showing a sedimentation rate more than 2 cm/yr in the delta front, which decreases to 0.2 cm/yr at about 8 km seaward.
埃夫罗斯河三角洲前缘和前三角洲重力岩心资料证实了埃夫罗斯河三角洲沉积倾向于西西北方向,沿当地水动力体系的主方向,阻止了对称全新世棱镜的形成。在三角洲前缘,陆源沉积物主要由细粒物质组成。垂向序列单调,粒度和颜色差异不大,内部构造和流产纹层缺失,表明沉积过程几乎不变,流量波动长期。河流携带的沙子是有限的,因为它被困在河口,但有时,在极端条件下(河水流量高的时期,短暂的灾难性事件等),可以运输到亚历山德鲁波利斯海湾的广阔地区。可忽略的生物源含量和没有生物扰动效应归因于高沉积速率。当沉积速率暂时降低时,会产生一些生物扰动层。前三角洲沉积分布格局呈明显的东-东南-西-西北带状分布。中部以泥质为主,两侧砂质含量逐渐增加,成为靠近海岸和海湾外高原的主要相。上盖层垂向相序列复杂,粒度、颜色、生物含量变化多端,反映出沉积方式的复杂性。该地区的主要支线是埃夫罗斯河,它提供了大量的悬浮荷载。另一个重要的沙源来自海岸线,在风暴条件下,海岸线为海岸提供了粗粒度的物质。最后,当地重要的沉积物供应者,卢特罗斯河,影响了亚历山德鲁波利斯东部地区,形成了一个小的水下扇。在公海上,现代沉积作用的后果可以忽略不计。研究区表层和次表层沉积物的砂质特征、生物成因碎片的分析以及与现今陆源源的距离较远,表明研究区西南部上部沉积物可能具有遗存成因。210Pb剖面基本一致,表明三角洲前缘沉积速率大于2 cm/yr,向海约8 km处沉积速率降至0.2 cm/yr。
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引用次数: 0
New findings of fossil large mammal remains in the Penios valley (Area of Larissa, Thessaly, Greece) 在佩尼奥斯山谷(希腊色萨利拉里萨地区)发现大型哺乳动物化石
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/BGSG.17087
A. Athanassiou
Fossil large mammal remains that come from the Penios valley, Thessaly, are described and compared to already known specimens. The studied material includes two elephant mandibles, tusk fragments and limb bones, as well as a part of a large bovid skull. On the basis of morphology and biometry the sample is taxonomically referred to the species Elephas antiquus and Bos primigenius. An Upper Pleistocene age is assumed.
对来自色萨利佩尼奥斯山谷的大型哺乳动物化石进行了描述,并与已知标本进行了比较。研究的材料包括两个大象的下颌骨,象牙碎片和肢骨,以及一个大的牛头骨的一部分。在形态学和生物计量学的基础上,该标本在分类上属于古象和原始象。假定是上更新世时代。
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引用次数: 4
Other coiling changes in Globoratalia Acostaensis unknown till now in Mediterranean area 在地中海地区尚不清楚其他的盘绕变化
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/BGSG.17092
S. Prillo, J. Mehaj, J. Prillo
In this study, all samples from Tortonian to Early Pliocene sediments of Zvernec-Vlora and Kavaja-Durres regions within Peri-Adriatic Foredeep (PAF) of Albania containing Globorotalia acostaensis were studied qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on these analyses resulted that G. acostaensis have changed coiling ratio direction during G. acostaensis and G. obliquus extremus Zone of Tortonian, differently from that known in Mediterranean area up to now. This is not a short time interval, which more exactly is from the first appearance of G. acostaensis to first appearance of G. suterae, at the upper part of G. extremus Zone. Another documented and explaining unconformity here is related with beginning of Pliocene sediments. There are at least four alienating sinistral and dextral coiling changes in G.acostaensis populations. Also in this work is given the history of the study of G acostaensis and which maybe causes that this species in Mediterranean province and especially in our country is used relatively late as zonal marker species. The main object of stratigraphers and paleontologists has been finding a successive section, with uninterrupted sedimentation, possibly for the longest geological time. Regarding to this phenomenon could be explained resulting unconformity between coiling ratio changes in Globorotalia acostaensis of the present study and other studies carried out in Mediterranean area on this occasion up to now. It is difficult to understand here the resulting unconformity during the main part of Tortonian age, which prolonged more than 2 m.y. Another resulting unconformity discovered at the Miocene/Pliocene boundary of the Kavaja-Durres regions is very significant. In these regions was discovered an earlier Pliocene sedimentation than known up to now according to resulting alternations of coiling direction of Globorotalia acostaensis prior to Pliocene Sphaeroidinellopsis Acme zone. These data are in favour of those based on the isotopie stratigraphy, which give a new definition at 5.32 M.Y. Miocene/Pliocene boundary instead of 5.1 or 5.2 M.Y. given previously based on absolute age. Coiling changes, in our case that of G. acostaensis are in response to changing climates or alternation of different cold and warm water populations resulting from changes in the boundaries between water masses as at the beginning of the Pliocene when the water masses of the Atlantic Ocean overflowed the Mediterranean area. Here is also proposed to correct the Neogene paleoclimatic curve referring, for the interval of G. acostaensis range distribution.
本文对阿尔巴尼亚亚得里亚海沿岸前深(PAF)的zvernecv - vlora和Kavaja-Durres地区托尔顿期至上新世早期含Globorotalia acostaensis的所有样品进行了定性和定量研究。结果表明,与目前已知的地中海地区不同的是,在托尔顿区,响尾蛇在响尾蛇和斜响尾蛇极带发生了卷卷比方向的变化。这一时间间隔并不短,更确切地说,是在G. extremus带的上部,从G. acostaensis首次出现到G. suterae首次出现。另一个有文献记载并能解释的不整合与上新世沉积物的开始有关。在古石竹居群中,至少有4个疏离的左旋和右旋旋变化。此外,本文还介绍了该物种的研究历史,这可能是该物种在地中海省,特别是在我国作为地带性标志种使用较晚的原因。地层学家和古生物学家的主要目标是寻找一个连续的剖面,可能在最长的地质时间内不间断地沉积。关于这一现象,可以解释为导致本研究中弓形海螺盘绕率变化与迄今为止在地中海地区就此进行的其他研究不一致。这里很难理解托尔顿期主体部分的不整合,其持续时间超过2 m.在Kavaja-Durres地区中新世/上新世边界发现的另一个不整合非常重要。在这些地区发现了比目前已知的更早的上新世沉积,这是根据上新世Sphaeroidinellopsis顶点带之前Globorotalia acostaensis的盘绕方向变化而得出的。这些资料与基于同位素地层学的资料一致,给出了5.32 M.Y.中新世/上新世界线的新定义,而不是以往基于绝对年龄给出的5.1或5.2 M.Y.。盘绕的变化,在我们的例子中,是对气候变化或不同的冷暖水种群交替的反应,这是由于上新世开始时大西洋水团溢出地中海地区时水团之间边界的变化造成的。本文还提出了对新第三系古气候曲线的校正,以参考古气候曲线的范围分布区间。
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引用次数: 1
Late quaternary sedimentation in the Balearic basin 巴利阿里盆地晚第四纪沉积
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/BGSG.17351
Ο. Τσαλκιτζη, Γ. Αναστασακησ
A detailed sedimentological study has been performed on five long piston cores recovered from the Balearic Abyssal Plain, the largest plain in the Mediterranean Sea. All the cores were dominated by multiple turbidite sequences, most of them displaying pronounced upward fining. The presence of a megaturbidite bed representing a single depositional event is observed in all the cores. Biostratigraphic correlation of the interlayered pelagic beds, using a high resolution nannofossil zonal scheme, suggests that the sediments in the cores date back to 50-100kyrs BP and that the age of the megabed is less than 50kyrs BP. The sedimentation rates for the last 50kyrs (over 50cm/Kyr) are greater in the northern and central Balearic Plain as compared to the lower sedimentation rates of 40cm/Kyr in the southern margin of the plain. Sedimentation rates (9,7-13,4cm/Kyr) are significantly reduced in the time interval between 50-120kyrs. The emplacement of the megaturbidite and the minor turbidites coincide with the sea level low stands. During these periods, great part of the continental shelf was revealed and processes sush as erosion, transportation and position became more intense.
在地中海最大的平原巴利阿里深海平原上,对五个长活塞岩芯进行了详细的沉积学研究。所有岩心均以多浊积层序为主,大部分呈明显的向上细化。在所有的岩心中都观察到一个代表单一沉积事件的超浊积岩层的存在。采用高分辨率纳米化石分带方案对层间中上层地层进行生物地层对比,认为岩心沉积物年龄在50 ~ 100krs BP之间,而大层的年龄小于50krs BP。巴利阿里平原北部和中部过去50年(超过50厘米/凯尔)的沉积速率大于平原南缘40厘米/凯尔的较低沉积速率。沉积速率(9,7-13,4cm/Kyr)在50-120kyrs之间显著降低。大浊积岩和小浊积岩的侵位与海平面低洼区重合。在这些时期,大部分大陆架暴露,侵蚀、搬运和定位等过程更加激烈。
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引用次数: 0
The study of the microstructures of clay sediments: a case study of marly sediments from N. Péloponnèse 粘土沉积物微观结构的研究:以N. psamuloponn<e:1>沼泽沉积物为例
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/bgsg.17352
Τ.Α. Χριστοδουλοπούλου, Παναγιώτα Σ. Τσώλη-Κατάγα, Γεώργιος Χ. Κούκης, Νικόλαος Κοντόπουλος
This paper deals with the systematic study of the microstructural characteristics of clay sediments. These characteristics which are closely connected to the physical and mechanical character of the sediments, are concerned with: a)the structural constituents, b)the microporosity and c)the structural bonds of the sediments. For the determination of the structural characteristics of clay sediments the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the Optical Microscope are widely used with a supplementary mineralogical analysis of sediment components and the determination of several physical and mechanical characteristics. The observations under the microscope must be focused on the distribution of mineralogical facies and micropores, on the size and shape of clay (micro-)aggregates, as well as on the kind of authigenic facies (e.g. micrite, sparry calcite) which play the role of cementing material. The proposed methodology was applied to the study of the microstructures of marly sediments from Northern Péloponnèse and the following types of microstructures were determined: a)matrix-skeletal, mixed type, coarse dispersed of low orientation, b)matrix, coagulative, medium dispersed of medium orientation and c)crystallized-cementated, fine or medium dispersed of low orientation.
本文对粘土沉积物的微观结构特征进行了系统的研究。这些特征与沉积物的物理力学特性密切相关,涉及:a)沉积物的结构成分,b)沉积物的微孔隙度和c)沉积物的结构键。为了确定粘土沉积物的结构特征,广泛使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光学显微镜,并辅以沉积物成分的矿物学分析和几种物理和力学特征的测定。在显微镜下的观察必须集中在矿物相和微孔的分布,粘土(微)集合体的大小和形状,以及起胶结作用的自生相(如泥晶、亮晶方解石)的种类。将所提出的方法应用于passicloponn北部沉积物的微观结构研究,确定了以下类型的微观结构:a)基质-骨架型,混合型,低取向的粗分散;b)基质-凝固型,中取向的中分散;c)结晶-胶结型,低取向的细分散或中分散。
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引用次数: 1
The presence of marin Pliocene sendiments in the Mesohellenic Trough (Pramoritsa banks, Grevena, Greece) 中希腊海槽(希腊Grevena的Pramoritsa浅滩)中海洋上新世沉积物的存在
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/bgsg.17108
Ι. Φουντούλης, Α. Μαρκοπούλου-Διακαντώνη, Αθηνά Μπακοπούλου, Ελένη Μωραΐτη, Μ. Ρ. Μιρκου, Χ. Σαρόγλου
Detailed lithostratigraphic study of the postalpine deposits that build Pramoritsa river banks - tributary of Aliakmonas river- north of Grevena (Greece), showed that the marine molassic deposition did not cease in the Upper Miocene but continued in the Lower Pliocene, too. Systematic sampling revealed abundant pelagic and benthic fossils, the presence of which {Bulimina exilis, Bulimina costata, Neogloboquadrina acostaensis, Globigerinella pseudobesa, Globoquadrina venezuelana, Neoeponides schreibersii, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, Dorothia gibbosa) proves that marine facies went on, at least, until the Lower Pliocene and that the depositional environment was characterized as coastal with warm waters. According to the Nannoplankton flora correlated with standard nannoplankton -zones-subzones NNllb Amaurolithus delicatus, Discoaster quinqueramus) and NN13 (Ceratolithus rugosus) of MARTINI, 1971 and OKADA & BUKRY, 1980 during the Late Miocene -Early Pliocene. Besides, some characteristics of the Pliocene sediments are described, based on macro- and microscopic observations.
对希腊Grevena北部的Aliakmonas河的支流Pramoritsa河沿岸的后高山沉积进行了详细的岩石地层学研究,结果表明,海相摩尔assic沉积并没有在中新世上部停止,而是在上新世下部继续进行。系统采样发现了丰富的远洋和底栖生物化石,其中{Bulimina exilis, Bulimina costata, Neogloboquadrina acostaensis, Globigerinella pseudobesa, Globoquadrina委内瑞拉,Neoeponides schreibersii, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, Dorothia gibbosa)的存在证明了海相至少持续到下上新世,沉积环境具有温暖水域的沿海特征。根据与MARTINI(1971)和OKADA & BUKRY(1980)在晚中新世-上新世早期的标准纳米浮游生物带-亚带NNllb amaurollithus delicatus, disaster quinqueramus)和NN13 (Ceratolithus rugosus)相关的纳米浮游植物区系。此外,根据宏观和微观观察,描述了上新世沉积的一些特征。
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引用次数: 4
The contribution of tidal currents in the sedimentation of the Strait of Avlida, Southern Evoikos Gulf (Greece) 潮流对南埃沃伊科斯湾阿夫利达海峡沉积的贡献(希腊)
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/BGSG.17350
Σ. E. Πουλοσ, Π. Γ. Δρακοπουλοσ, Σ. Ν. Λεονταρησ, Ε. Τσαπακησ, Ε. Χατζηγιαννη
The investigated area of Avlida (northern part of the South Evoikos Gulf), which obtained its present shape within Holocene, is characterised by shallow water depths (<12 m) and the presence of muddy sediments. The hydrological regime of the area is governed mainly by the tide (sea level fluctuation 0.25-0.4 m). The water column (in April 1998) found to be almost homogeneous with temperature and salinity to increase progressively with depth from 13.7 °C and 34.1 psu (surface) to 14.1 °C and 35.7 psu (near bed). Suspended sediment concentrations varied between 1 and 4 mg/1 with the highest values observed above the seabed (4-8 mg/I). These values of suspended sediment are relatively high when compared with other coastal areas, as that of Thermaikos Gulf (<1 mg/1). Furthermore, their presence is attributed primarily to the action of tidal currents assisted periodically by the wave activity and human interference i.e. navigation. Especially the high near bed values are associated with the near-bed activity of the tidal currents, which having usually velocities > 11 cm/s apply to the seafloor bottom shear velocities capable of causing resuspension of the surficial muddy sediments and inhibiting final deposition of the suspensates. Therefore, the fine-grained sediments are resuspended and subsequently advected by the tidal currents and eventually distributed all over the study area. Finally, the relatively coarse-grained sediments found to be more abundant at the southern part are related to the deltaic progradation within historical times of the torrential rivers Mégalo Rema and Lilantas which form the south-end part of the strait of Avlida.
Avlida (South Evoikos Gulf的北部)的研究区域在全新世期间形成了目前的形状,其特点是水深较浅(海底底部剪切速度为11厘米/秒),能够引起表面泥质沉积物的再悬浮,并抑制悬浮体的最终沉积。因此,细粒沉积物被潮汐流重新悬浮并平流,最终分布在整个研究区。最后,在南部发现的较为丰富的相对粗粒度的沉积物与形成阿夫利达海峡南端的m加洛雷马河和利兰塔斯河的湍急河流在历史时期的三角洲沉积有关。
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引用次数: 2
Sequence stratigraphy, quaternary basin analyses in the Adriatic Foredeep 亚得里亚海前深层序地层学、第四纪盆地分析
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/bgsg.17117
S. Guri, L. Gjani, S. Ranxha, M. GURl, A. Xhaxhiu
This paper intends to give the characterization of Quaternary loose deposits, near and along the sea coast zone, by evaluating lithological-geologic parameters, depositional environments and the tectonic subsidence. The main objectives are: - The lithologic-facial zone by mapping of lithologie composition and facies distribution. - The Quaternary basin analyses by interpreting depositional sequences of third order, where system tracts (lowstand, shelf wedge, transgressive and highstand) are individualized. - The present fluvial processes and delta configuration (Shkumbin, Seman).
本文拟通过岩性地质参数、沉积环境及构造沉降的评价,对沿海及沿海地区第四纪松散沉积进行表征。主要目的是:-通过绘制岩性组成和相分布图,确定岩性面层带。-通过解释三级沉积序列进行第四纪盆地分析,其中体系域(低水位、陆架楔、海侵和高水位)是个体化的。-目前的河流作用和三角洲构造(Shkumbin, Seman)。
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引用次数: 0
Depositional environments of tertiary turbiditic sediments in Metsovo Basin, NW Greece 希腊西北部Metsovo盆地第三系浊积岩沉积环境
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/BGSG.17353
G. Ananiadis, A. Zelilidis
Tertiary sediments in Metsovo area consist of submarine fan turbidite deposits accumulated in the proximal part of the basin and represent mostly inner fan. The most proximal part of the inner fan could be related to a shelf environment. Palaeocurrent data indicate mainly two directions. The main direction is SW and results mainly from groove marks. The second direction represents an WNW trend which results mainly from flute marks. The Metsovo area seems to have multiple feeders from North and East. The total thickness of the turbiditic deposits in Metsovo area is approximately 6800 m due to tectonic stacking and folding.
Metsovo地区第三系沉积由沉积于盆地近端的海底扇浊积岩组成,以内扇为主。内风扇最近的部分可能与货架环境有关。古海流资料主要显示两个方向。主要方向为西南方向,主要由沟槽痕迹造成。第二个方向为西西北向,主要由笛子痕迹造成。Metsovo地区似乎有来自北部和东部的多个喂食器。由于构造叠合作用,Metsovo地区浊积岩矿床的总厚度约为6800 m。
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引用次数: 0
New data on the Dogger - Cenomanian stratigraphy of Tripolitza series in Central Crete 克里特岛中部Tripolitza系列Dogger - Cenomanian地层新资料
Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.12681/BGSG.17096
Α. Ζαμπετακη Λεκκα, Α. Αλεξοπουλοσ
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece
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