Rulan Jiang, Yasushi A. Suzuki, Xiaogu Du, B. Lönnerdal
Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding multifunctional protein, mainly present in external secretions. Lf is known to penetrate skin and may thus exert its multiple functions in skin. Sophorolipids (SLs) are glycolipid biosurfactants, which have been shown to enhance absorption of commercial bovine Lf (CbLf) in model skin via forming an assembly with CbLf. In this study, uptake and post-internalization localization of bovine Lf (bLf), CbLf, and human Lf (hLf) with or without forming assemblies with SLs in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFn) were determined using 125I-labeled Lfs and confocal microscopy, respectively. Our results show that all 3 Lfs were internalized by HDFn; although SLs did not significantly affect the uptake of Lfs, it changed Lf localization by accumulating Lfs in the perinuclear region. Furthermore, microarrays were used to investigate transcriptional profiling in HDFn in response to CbLf, SLs, or CbLf-SLs-assembly treatments. Transcriptome profiling indicates that CbLf may play roles in the protection of skin from oxidative stress, immunomodulatory activities, and enhancement of wound healing. The assembly had similar effects but dramatically modulated the transcription of some genes. SLs alone modified signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism, as well as synthesis of sex hormones and vitamins. Thus, CbLf may exert beneficial effects on skin, and these effects may be modulated by SLs.
{"title":"Lactoferrin and the lactoferrin-sophorolipids-assembly can be internalized by dermal fibroblasts and regulate gene expression.","authors":"Rulan Jiang, Yasushi A. Suzuki, Xiaogu Du, B. Lönnerdal","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0090","url":null,"abstract":"Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding multifunctional protein, mainly present in external secretions. Lf is known to penetrate skin and may thus exert its multiple functions in skin. Sophorolipids (SLs) are glycolipid biosurfactants, which have been shown to enhance absorption of commercial bovine Lf (CbLf) in model skin via forming an assembly with CbLf. In this study, uptake and post-internalization localization of bovine Lf (bLf), CbLf, and human Lf (hLf) with or without forming assemblies with SLs in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFn) were determined using 125I-labeled Lfs and confocal microscopy, respectively. Our results show that all 3 Lfs were internalized by HDFn; although SLs did not significantly affect the uptake of Lfs, it changed Lf localization by accumulating Lfs in the perinuclear region. Furthermore, microarrays were used to investigate transcriptional profiling in HDFn in response to CbLf, SLs, or CbLf-SLs-assembly treatments. Transcriptome profiling indicates that CbLf may play roles in the protection of skin from oxidative stress, immunomodulatory activities, and enhancement of wound healing. The assembly had similar effects but dramatically modulated the transcription of some genes. SLs alone modified signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism, as well as synthesis of sex hormones and vitamins. Thus, CbLf may exert beneficial effects on skin, and these effects may be modulated by SLs.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"72 1","pages":"110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81754867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aasith Villavicencio, M. S. Rueda, C. Turin, T. Ochoa
Lactoferrin (LF) is a breast milk glycoprotein with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Its beneficial properties in infants, especially in those born preterm, are currently being studied in clinical trials. However, the maternal and nursing infant factors that may affect LF concentration in breast milk are still not clear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the factors that may affect the concentration of LF in breast milk. We used a 2-step approach to identify the eligible studies according to inclusion/exclusion criteria, and to determine which studies would be considered. We included 70 qualified articles from 29 countries with publication dates ranging from 1976 to 2015. We described the correlation between LF concentration in breast milk and lactation stage; 10 maternal factors, such as race, parity, among others; and 2 infant factors: infections and prematurity. Colostrum has the highest LF levels, but they decrease with days postpartum. No other factor has been consistently associated with LF concentration. A major limitation of the majority of the published studies is the small sample size and the different methods used to measure LF concentration. Therefore, there is a need for large, multicenter studies with standardized study design, sample collection, and LF measurement methods to identify clinically significant factors associated with LF expression in breast milk, which will help promote exclusive breastfeeding in preterm infants.
{"title":"Factors affecting lactoferrin concentration in human milk: how much do we know?","authors":"Aasith Villavicencio, M. S. Rueda, C. Turin, T. Ochoa","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Lactoferrin (LF) is a breast milk glycoprotein with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Its beneficial properties in infants, especially in those born preterm, are currently being studied in clinical trials. However, the maternal and nursing infant factors that may affect LF concentration in breast milk are still not clear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the factors that may affect the concentration of LF in breast milk. We used a 2-step approach to identify the eligible studies according to inclusion/exclusion criteria, and to determine which studies would be considered. We included 70 qualified articles from 29 countries with publication dates ranging from 1976 to 2015. We described the correlation between LF concentration in breast milk and lactation stage; 10 maternal factors, such as race, parity, among others; and 2 infant factors: infections and prematurity. Colostrum has the highest LF levels, but they decrease with days postpartum. No other factor has been consistently associated with LF concentration. A major limitation of the majority of the published studies is the small sample size and the different methods used to measure LF concentration. Therefore, there is a need for large, multicenter studies with standardized study design, sample collection, and LF measurement methods to identify clinically significant factors associated with LF expression in breast milk, which will help promote exclusive breastfeeding in preterm infants.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"2017 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87209780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryo Uchida, R. Aoki, A. Aoki-Yoshida, A. Tajima, Y. Takayama
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of bovine lactoferrin on keratinocyte differentiation and barrier function. Addition of bovine lactoferrin to differentiating HaCaT human keratinocytes led to increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), a marker of epithelial barrier function. This elevation was followed by upregulation of two differentiation markers, involucrin and filaggrin. The expression level of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 was also enhanced by bovine lactoferrin. The lactoferrin-induced upregulation of involucrin and filaggrin expression were confirmed in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). Treatment with SB203580, a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) α inhibitor, impaired the upregulation of involucrin and filaggrin expression in response to lactoferrin. The elevation of p38 MAPK phosphorylation was further enhanced by lactoferrin in the initial stage of differentiation of HaCaT keratinocytes. The findings suggest that bovine lactoferrin promotes epithelial differentiation by a p38-MAPK-dependent mechanism.
{"title":"Promoting effect of lactoferrin on barrier function and epithelial differentiation of human keratinocytes.","authors":"Ryo Uchida, R. Aoki, A. Aoki-Yoshida, A. Tajima, Y. Takayama","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0147","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of bovine lactoferrin on keratinocyte differentiation and barrier function. Addition of bovine lactoferrin to differentiating HaCaT human keratinocytes led to increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), a marker of epithelial barrier function. This elevation was followed by upregulation of two differentiation markers, involucrin and filaggrin. The expression level of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 was also enhanced by bovine lactoferrin. The lactoferrin-induced upregulation of involucrin and filaggrin expression were confirmed in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). Treatment with SB203580, a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) α inhibitor, impaired the upregulation of involucrin and filaggrin expression in response to lactoferrin. The elevation of p38 MAPK phosphorylation was further enhanced by lactoferrin in the initial stage of differentiation of HaCaT keratinocytes. The findings suggest that bovine lactoferrin promotes epithelial differentiation by a p38-MAPK-dependent mechanism.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"1 1","pages":"64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78486476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Valenti, A. Frioni, A. Rossi, Serena Ranucci, Ida De Fino, A. Cutone, L. Rosa, A. Bragonzi, F. Berlutti
Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-chelating glycoprotein of innate immunity, produced by exocrine glands and neutrophils in infection/inflammation sites, is one of the most abundant defence molecules in airway secretions. Lf, a pleiotropic molecule, exhibits antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions. These properties may play a relevant role in airway infections characterized by exaggerated inflammatory response, as in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects. To verify the Lf role in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection, we evaluated the efficacy of aerosolized bovine Lf (bLf) in mouse models of P. aeruginosa acute and chronic lung infections. C57BL/6NCrl mice were challenged with 106 CFUs of P. aeruginosa PAO1 (acute infection) or MDR-RP73 strain (chronic infection) by intra-tracheal administration. In both acute and chronic infections, aerosolized bLf resulted in nonsignificant reduction of bacterial load but significant decrease of the neutrophil recruitment and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Moreover, in chronic infection the bLf-treated mice recovered body weight faster and to a higher extent than the control mice. These findings add new insights into the benefits of bLf as a mediator of general health and its potential therapeutic applications.
{"title":"Aerosolized bovine lactoferrin reduces neutrophils and pro-inflammatory cytokines in mouse models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections.","authors":"P. Valenti, A. Frioni, A. Rossi, Serena Ranucci, Ida De Fino, A. Cutone, L. Rosa, A. Bragonzi, F. Berlutti","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0050","url":null,"abstract":"Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-chelating glycoprotein of innate immunity, produced by exocrine glands and neutrophils in infection/inflammation sites, is one of the most abundant defence molecules in airway secretions. Lf, a pleiotropic molecule, exhibits antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions. These properties may play a relevant role in airway infections characterized by exaggerated inflammatory response, as in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects. To verify the Lf role in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection, we evaluated the efficacy of aerosolized bovine Lf (bLf) in mouse models of P. aeruginosa acute and chronic lung infections. C57BL/6NCrl mice were challenged with 106 CFUs of P. aeruginosa PAO1 (acute infection) or MDR-RP73 strain (chronic infection) by intra-tracheal administration. In both acute and chronic infections, aerosolized bLf resulted in nonsignificant reduction of bacterial load but significant decrease of the neutrophil recruitment and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Moreover, in chronic infection the bLf-treated mice recovered body weight faster and to a higher extent than the control mice. These findings add new insights into the benefits of bLf as a mediator of general health and its potential therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"48 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86038265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tomita, Chie Suzuki, Hitomi Wada, Miya Nomachi, M. Imayasu, K. Araki-Sasaki
Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding basic glycoprotein that has an antimicrobial effect against certain microbes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amoebicidal effect of bovine milk LF (bLF) against Acanthamoeba clinical-isolate trophozoites, which cause severe keratitis. Most of the risk factor for Acanthamoeba keratitis is from wearing soft contact lenses (SCLs). Acanthamoeba trophozoites were incubated in bovine LF (bLF) solution, and the ratios of viability and encystment were determined with microscopic analysis of cyst formation. The amoebicidal effect of bLF was assessed by Trypan blue assay. The ratios of viable cells in the presence of iron-free bLF (apo-bLF), native-bLF, and iron-saturated bLF (Fe-bLF) at the concentration of 10 μmol/L for 60 min were 7.7% ± 4.6%, 80.7% ± 10.1%, and 97.3% ± 1.5%, respectively. Apo-bLF showed potent amoebicidal effect against Acanthamoeba trophozoites, but Fe-bLF did not have this effect. After treating with apo-bLF, most dead cells were nonglobular forms of trophozoites but not cystic forms. Encystment of Acanthamoeba was assessed by the sarkosyl-calcofluor white assay. The encystment ratios treated with 0.5% propylene glycol (positive control) and 10 μmol/L apo-bLF for 24 h were 96.12% ± 10.6% and 0.47% ± 0.5%, respectively. These results suggest that the amoebicidal effect of apo-bLF without encystment might lead to the prevention of contamination of Acanthamoeba in SCL stock cases.
{"title":"Effects of lactoferrin on the viability and the encystment of Acanthamoeba trophozoites.","authors":"S. Tomita, Chie Suzuki, Hitomi Wada, Miya Nomachi, M. Imayasu, K. Araki-Sasaki","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0054","url":null,"abstract":"Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding basic glycoprotein that has an antimicrobial effect against certain microbes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amoebicidal effect of bovine milk LF (bLF) against Acanthamoeba clinical-isolate trophozoites, which cause severe keratitis. Most of the risk factor for Acanthamoeba keratitis is from wearing soft contact lenses (SCLs). Acanthamoeba trophozoites were incubated in bovine LF (bLF) solution, and the ratios of viability and encystment were determined with microscopic analysis of cyst formation. The amoebicidal effect of bLF was assessed by Trypan blue assay. The ratios of viable cells in the presence of iron-free bLF (apo-bLF), native-bLF, and iron-saturated bLF (Fe-bLF) at the concentration of 10 μmol/L for 60 min were 7.7% ± 4.6%, 80.7% ± 10.1%, and 97.3% ± 1.5%, respectively. Apo-bLF showed potent amoebicidal effect against Acanthamoeba trophozoites, but Fe-bLF did not have this effect. After treating with apo-bLF, most dead cells were nonglobular forms of trophozoites but not cystic forms. Encystment of Acanthamoeba was assessed by the sarkosyl-calcofluor white assay. The encystment ratios treated with 0.5% propylene glycol (positive control) and 10 μmol/L apo-bLF for 24 h were 96.12% ± 10.6% and 0.47% ± 0.5%, respectively. These results suggest that the amoebicidal effect of apo-bLF without encystment might lead to the prevention of contamination of Acanthamoeba in SCL stock cases.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"49 1","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84388573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Shin, H. Oda, H. Wakabayashi, K. Yamauchi, F. Abe
We examined the in-vitro effects of bovine lactoferrin (LF) on the production of interferon-λ (IFN-λ), an antiviral cytokine important for the defense of enterocytes, using the human intestinal epithelial cell line HT-29. HT-29 cell cultures were treated with LF for 1 h, and the cultures were stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). LF increased the concentration of IFN-λ in the culture supernatant after stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in the concentration of IFN-λ was observed in the supernatant of cells washed between treatment with LF and stimulation with poly I:C. At 6 and 24 h after stimulation with poly I:C (early and late phases, respectively) treated cultures contained significantly higher concentrations of IFN-λ1 in the culture supernatant, and significantly higher IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ2 mRNA levels, than controls. These results suggest that LF activates the innate cellular immunity of the enterocytes to double-stranded RNA and increases the production of IFN-λ.
{"title":"Effects of lactoferrin on the production of interferon-λ by the human intestinal epithelial cell line HT-29.","authors":"K. Shin, H. Oda, H. Wakabayashi, K. Yamauchi, F. Abe","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0031","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the in-vitro effects of bovine lactoferrin (LF) on the production of interferon-λ (IFN-λ), an antiviral cytokine important for the defense of enterocytes, using the human intestinal epithelial cell line HT-29. HT-29 cell cultures were treated with LF for 1 h, and the cultures were stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). LF increased the concentration of IFN-λ in the culture supernatant after stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in the concentration of IFN-λ was observed in the supernatant of cells washed between treatment with LF and stimulation with poly I:C. At 6 and 24 h after stimulation with poly I:C (early and late phases, respectively) treated cultures contained significantly higher concentrations of IFN-λ1 in the culture supernatant, and significantly higher IFN-λ1 and IFN-λ2 mRNA levels, than controls. These results suggest that LF activates the innate cellular immunity of the enterocytes to double-stranded RNA and increases the production of IFN-λ.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"100 1","pages":"53-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77028379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Aguilar-Díaz, Adrian Canizalez-Román, T. Nepomuceno-Mejía, F. Gallardo-Vera, Yolanda Hornelas-Orozco, K. Nazmi, J. Bolscher, J. Carrero, C. León-Sicairos, N. León-Sicairos
Giardia intestinalis is the most common infectious protozoan parasite in children. Despite the effectiveness of some drugs, the disease remains a major worldwide problem. Consequently, the search for new treatments is important for disease eradication. Biological molecules with antimicrobial properties represent a promising alternative to combat pathogens. Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) is a key component of the innate host defense system, and its peptides have exhibited strong antimicrobial activity. Based on these properties, we evaluated the parasiticidal activity of these peptides on G. intestinalis. Trophozoites were incubated with different peptide concentrations for different periods of time, and the growth or viability was determined by carboxyfluorescein-succinimidyl-diacetate-ester (CFDA) and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Endocytosis of peptides was investigated by confocal microscopy, damage was analyzed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and the type of programmed cell death was analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the LF peptides had giardicidal activity. The LF peptides interacted with G. intestinalis and exposure to LF peptides correlated with an increase in the granularity and vacuolization of the cytoplasm. Additionally, the formation of pores, extensive membrane disruption, and programmed cell death was observed in trophozoites treated with LF peptides. Our results demonstrate that LF peptides exhibit potent in vitro antigiardial activity.
{"title":"Parasiticidal effect of synthetic bovine lactoferrin peptides on the enteric parasite Giardia intestinalis.","authors":"H. Aguilar-Díaz, Adrian Canizalez-Román, T. Nepomuceno-Mejía, F. Gallardo-Vera, Yolanda Hornelas-Orozco, K. Nazmi, J. Bolscher, J. Carrero, C. León-Sicairos, N. León-Sicairos","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Giardia intestinalis is the most common infectious protozoan parasite in children. Despite the effectiveness of some drugs, the disease remains a major worldwide problem. Consequently, the search for new treatments is important for disease eradication. Biological molecules with antimicrobial properties represent a promising alternative to combat pathogens. Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) is a key component of the innate host defense system, and its peptides have exhibited strong antimicrobial activity. Based on these properties, we evaluated the parasiticidal activity of these peptides on G. intestinalis. Trophozoites were incubated with different peptide concentrations for different periods of time, and the growth or viability was determined by carboxyfluorescein-succinimidyl-diacetate-ester (CFDA) and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Endocytosis of peptides was investigated by confocal microscopy, damage was analyzed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and the type of programmed cell death was analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the LF peptides had giardicidal activity. The LF peptides interacted with G. intestinalis and exposure to LF peptides correlated with an increase in the granularity and vacuolization of the cytoplasm. Additionally, the formation of pores, extensive membrane disruption, and programmed cell death was observed in trophozoites treated with LF peptides. Our results demonstrate that LF peptides exhibit potent in vitro antigiardial activity.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"13 1","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85879162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Alexander, M. Iigo, Mohamed Abdelgied, K. Ozeki, S. Tanida, T. Joh, Satoru Takahashi, H. Tsuda
A 22-year-old male suffering from abdominal pain, repeated diarrhea, and weight loss visited the Digestive Disease Department of Nagoya City University Hospital on 19 December 2011. He was hospitalized and diagnosed with Crohn's colitis. His Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) was 415. Treatment by granulocyte apheresis, mesalazine, and adalimumab was started. His CDAI was 314 on 30 December and 215 on 5 January. A colonoscopic examination on 19 January showed almost complete remission in the transverse colon and marked remission in the rectum. Mesalazine therapy was stopped on 28 February, and the patient was instructed to self-inject 40 mg of adalimumab every other week. His CDAI was 50 on 10 April, indicating clinical remission. His last self-injection of adalimumab was on 24 April 2012, and he started taking 1 g of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) daily. His CDAI was 35 on 8 January 2013. He continued taking 1 g of bLF daily without any other treatment for Crohn's disease. Laboratory blood tests on 7 September 2015 showed no sign of disease recurrence, and a colonoscopic examination on 23 October 2015 showed almost complete mucosal healing. This case indicates that ingestion of bLF to maintain Crohn's disease in a remissive state should be further explored.
{"title":"Bovine lactoferrin and Crohn's disease: a case study.","authors":"D. Alexander, M. Iigo, Mohamed Abdelgied, K. Ozeki, S. Tanida, T. Joh, Satoru Takahashi, H. Tsuda","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0107","url":null,"abstract":"A 22-year-old male suffering from abdominal pain, repeated diarrhea, and weight loss visited the Digestive Disease Department of Nagoya City University Hospital on 19 December 2011. He was hospitalized and diagnosed with Crohn's colitis. His Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) was 415. Treatment by granulocyte apheresis, mesalazine, and adalimumab was started. His CDAI was 314 on 30 December and 215 on 5 January. A colonoscopic examination on 19 January showed almost complete remission in the transverse colon and marked remission in the rectum. Mesalazine therapy was stopped on 28 February, and the patient was instructed to self-inject 40 mg of adalimumab every other week. His CDAI was 50 on 10 April, indicating clinical remission. His last self-injection of adalimumab was on 24 April 2012, and he started taking 1 g of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) daily. His CDAI was 35 on 8 January 2013. He continued taking 1 g of bLF daily without any other treatment for Crohn's disease. Laboratory blood tests on 7 September 2015 showed no sign of disease recurrence, and a colonoscopic examination on 23 October 2015 showed almost complete mucosal healing. This case indicates that ingestion of bLF to maintain Crohn's disease in a remissive state should be further explored.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"42 4 1","pages":"133-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91016997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ors, Christophe Papin, B. Favier, Yohan Roulland, Defne Dalkara, M. Ozturk, A. Hamiche, S. Dimitrov, K. Padmanabhan
H3.3 is a histone variant that marks transcription start sites as well as telomeres and heterochromatic sites on the genome. The presence of H3.3 is thought to positively correlate with the transcriptional status of its target genes. Using a conditional genetic strategy against H3.3B, combined with short hairpin RNAs against H3.3A, we essentially depleted all H3.3 gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Following nearly complete loss of H3.3 in the cells, our transcriptomic analyses show very little impact on global gene expression or on the localization of histone variant H2A.Z. Instead, fibroblasts displayed slower cell growth and an increase in cell death, coincident with large-scale chromosome misalignment in mitosis and large polylobed or micronuclei in interphase cells. Thus, we conclude that H3.3 may have an important under-explored additional role in chromosome segregation, nuclear structure, and the maintenance of genome integrity.
{"title":"Histone H3.3 regulates mitotic progression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.","authors":"A. Ors, Christophe Papin, B. Favier, Yohan Roulland, Defne Dalkara, M. Ozturk, A. Hamiche, S. Dimitrov, K. Padmanabhan","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0190","url":null,"abstract":"H3.3 is a histone variant that marks transcription start sites as well as telomeres and heterochromatic sites on the genome. The presence of H3.3 is thought to positively correlate with the transcriptional status of its target genes. Using a conditional genetic strategy against H3.3B, combined with short hairpin RNAs against H3.3A, we essentially depleted all H3.3 gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Following nearly complete loss of H3.3 in the cells, our transcriptomic analyses show very little impact on global gene expression or on the localization of histone variant H2A.Z. Instead, fibroblasts displayed slower cell growth and an increase in cell death, coincident with large-scale chromosome misalignment in mitosis and large polylobed or micronuclei in interphase cells. Thus, we conclude that H3.3 may have an important under-explored additional role in chromosome segregation, nuclear structure, and the maintenance of genome integrity.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"90 1","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80477033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lactoferrin (Lf) is the major whey protein in milk, with multiple beneficial health effects including direct antimicrobial activities, anti-inflammatory effects, and iron homeostasis. Oral Lf supplementation in human preterm infants has been shown to reduce the incidence of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. In preclinical models of antenatal stress and perinatal brain injury, bovine Lf protected the developing brain from neuronal loss, improved connectivity, increased neurotrophic factors, and decreased inflammation. It also supported brain development and cognition. Further, Lf can prevent preterm delivery by reducing proinflammatory factors and inhibiting premature cervix maturation. We review here the latest research on Lf in the field of neonatology.
{"title":"Lactoferrin and prematurity: a promising milk protein?","authors":"T. Ochoa, S. Sizonenko","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2016-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0066","url":null,"abstract":"Lactoferrin (Lf) is the major whey protein in milk, with multiple beneficial health effects including direct antimicrobial activities, anti-inflammatory effects, and iron homeostasis. Oral Lf supplementation in human preterm infants has been shown to reduce the incidence of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. In preclinical models of antenatal stress and perinatal brain injury, bovine Lf protected the developing brain from neuronal loss, improved connectivity, increased neurotrophic factors, and decreased inflammation. It also supported brain development and cognition. Further, Lf can prevent preterm delivery by reducing proinflammatory factors and inhibiting premature cervix maturation. We review here the latest research on Lf in the field of neonatology.","PeriodicalId":9524,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of biochemistry and cell biology = Revue canadienne de biochimie et biologie cellulaire","volume":"134 1","pages":"22-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79419842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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