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P-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles facilitate diabetic wound healing via miR-145-5p/ CDKN1A-mediated functional improvements of high glucose-induced senescent fibroblasts. P-MSC衍生的细胞外小泡通过miR-145-5p/CDKN1A介导的高糖诱导的衰老成纤维细胞的功能改善促进糖尿病伤口愈合。
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad010
Jianlong Su, Qian Wei, Kui Ma, Yaxi Wang, Wenzhi Hu, Hao Meng, Qiankun Li, Yuehou Zhang, Wenhua Zhang, Haihong Li, Xiaobing Fu, Cuiping Zhang

Background: Persistent hyperglycaemia in diabetes causes functional abnormalities of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), partially leading to delayed skin wound healing. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing multiple pro-healing microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to exert therapeutic effects on diabetic wound healing. The present study aimed to observe the effects of EVs derived from placental mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSC-EVs) on diabetic wound healing and high glucose (HG)-induced senescent fibroblasts and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: P-MSC-EVs were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation and locally injected into the full-thickness skin wounds of diabetic mice, to observe the beneficial effects on wound healing in vivo by measuring wound closure rates and histological analysis. Next, a series of assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of low (2.28 x 1010 particles/ml) and high (4.56 x 1010 particles/ml) concentrations of P-MSC-EVs on the senescence, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of HG-induced senescent HDFs in vitro. Then, miRNA microarrays and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were carried out to detect the differentially expressed miRNAs in HDFs after EVs treatment. Specific RNA inhibitors, miRNA mimics, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to evaluate the role of a candidate miRNA and its target genes in P-MSC-EV-induced improvements in the function of HG-induced senescent HDFs.

Results: Local injection of P-MSC-EVs into diabetic wounds accelerated wound closure and reduced scar widths, with better-organized collagen deposition and decreased p16INK4a expression. In vitro, P-MSC-EVs enhanced the antisenescence, proliferation, migration, and antiapoptotic abilities of HG-induced senescent fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. MiR-145-5p was found to be highly enriched in P-MSC-EVs. MiR-145-5p inhibitors effectively attenuated the P-MSC-EV-induced functional improvements of senescent fibroblasts. MiR-145-5p mimics simulated the effects of P-MSC-EVs on functional improvements of fibroblasts by suppressing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and activating the extracellular signal regulated kinase (Erk)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Furthermore, local application of miR-145-5p agomir mimicked the effects of P-MSC-EVs on wound healing.

Conclusions: These results suggest that P-MSC-EVs accelerate diabetic wound healing by improving the function of senescent fibroblasts through the transfer of miR-145-5p, which targets cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A to activate the Erk/Akt signaling pathway. P-MSC-EVs are promising therapeutic candidates for diabetic wound treatment.

背景:糖尿病患者持续的高血糖会导致人类真皮成纤维细胞(HDFs)功能异常,部分导致皮肤伤口愈合延迟。含有多种促进愈合的微小RNA(miRNA)的细胞外小泡(EVs)已被证明对糖尿病伤口愈合具有治疗作用。本研究旨在观察来自胎盘间充质干细胞(P-MSC-EVs)的EVs对糖尿病伤口愈合和高糖(HG)诱导的衰老成纤维细胞的影响,并探讨其潜在机制。方法:采用差速超速离心法分离P-MSC-EV,并将其局部注射到糖尿病小鼠全层皮肤伤口中,通过测量伤口闭合率和组织学分析,观察其对体内伤口愈合的有益作用。接下来,进行了一系列测定,以评估低(2.28 x 1010颗粒/ml)和高(4.56 x 1010颗粒g/ml)浓度的P-MSC-EVs对体外HG诱导的衰老HDFs的衰老、增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响。然后,进行miRNA微阵列和实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)来检测EVs治疗后HDFs中差异表达的miRNA。使用特异性RNA抑制剂、miRNA模拟物和小干扰RNA(siRNA)来评估候选miRNA及其靶基因在P-MSC-EV诱导的HG诱导的衰老HDF功能改善中的作用,具有更好组织的胶原沉积和降低的p16INK4a表达。在体外,P-MSC-EVs以剂量依赖的方式增强HG诱导的衰老成纤维细胞的抗衰老、增殖、迁移和抗凋亡能力。发现MiR-145-5p在P-MSC-EV中高度富集。MiR-145-5p抑制剂有效地减弱了P-MSC-EV诱导的衰老成纤维细胞的功能改善。MiR-145-5p模拟物通过抑制细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂1A的表达和激活细胞外信号调节激酶(Erk)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)信号通路,模拟P-MSC-EVs对成纤维细胞功能改善的影响。此外,miR-145-5p agomir的局部应用模拟了P-MSC-EVs对伤口愈合的影响。结论:这些结果表明,P-MSC-EVs通过转移miR-145-5p改善衰老成纤维细胞的功能,从而加速糖尿病伤口愈合,miR-145-5p靶向细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂1A,激活Erk/Akt信号通路。P-MSC-EV是糖尿病伤口治疗的有前景的候选治疗药物。
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引用次数: 0
Actin polymerization inhibition by targeting ARPC2 affects intestinal stem cell homeostasis. 通过靶向ARPC2抑制肌动蛋白聚合影响肠道干细胞稳态。
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-16 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad038
Ruzhen Zhang, Sheng Chen, Zhifan Yang, Ning Zhang, Kenan Guo, Keyi Lv, Zimo Zhou, Meijiao Gao, Xiancheng Hu, Yongping Su, Jianming He, Fengchao Wang

Background: The rapid turnover of the intestinal epithelium is driven by the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The dynamics of the F-actin cytoskeleton are critical for maintaining intercellular force and the signal transduction network. However, it remains unclear how direct interference with actin polymerization impacts ISC homeostasis. This study aims to reveal the regulatory effects of the F-actin cytoskeleton on the homeostasis of intestinal epithelium, as well as the potential risks of benproperine (BPP) as an anti-tumor drug.

Methods: Phalloidin fluorescence staining was utilized to test F-actin polymerization. Flow cytometry and IHC staining were employed to discriminate different types of intestinal epithelial cells. Cell proliferation was assessed through bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assays. The proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells were replicated in vitro through organoid culture. Epithelial migration was evaluated through BrdU pulse labeling and chasing in mice.

Results: The F-actin content was observed to significantly increase as crypt cells migrated into the villus region. Additionally, actin polymerization in secretory cells, especially in Paneth cells (PCs), was much higher than that in neighboring ISCs. Treatment with the newly identified actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 (ARPC2) inhibitor BPP led to a dose-dependent increase or inhibition of intestinal organoid growth in vitro and crypt cell proliferation in vivo. Compared with the vehicle group, BPP treatment decreased the expression of Lgr5 ISC feature genes in vivo and in organoid culture. Meanwhile, PC differentiation derived from ISCs and progenitors was decreased by inhibition of F-actin polymerization. Mechanistically, BPP-induced actin polymerization inhibition may activate the Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator pathway, which affects ISC proliferation and differentiation. Accordingly, BPP treatment affected intestinal epithelial cell migration in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the regulation of cytoskeleton reorganization can affect ISC homeostasis. In addition, inhibiting ARPC2 with the Food and Drug Administration-approved drug BPP represents a novel approach to influencing the turnover of intestinal epithelial cells.

背景:肠上皮的快速周转是由肠干细胞(ISCs)的增殖和分化驱动的。F-肌动蛋白细胞骨架的动力学对于维持细胞间作用力和信号转导网络至关重要。然而,目前尚不清楚肌动蛋白聚合的直接干扰如何影响ISC稳态。本研究旨在揭示F-肌动蛋白细胞骨架对肠上皮稳态的调节作用,以及苯丙胺(BPP)作为抗肿瘤药物的潜在风险。方法:用Phalloidin荧光染色法检测F-肌动蛋白的聚合作用。采用流式细胞术和IHC染色对不同类型的肠上皮细胞进行鉴别。通过溴脱氧尿苷(BrdU)和5-乙炔基-2'-脱氧尿苷掺入测定来评估细胞增殖。通过类器官培养在体外复制肠道干细胞的增殖和分化。通过BrdU脉冲标记和小鼠追逐来评估上皮迁移。结果:随着隐窝细胞向绒毛区迁移,F-肌动蛋白含量显著增加。此外,分泌细胞中的肌动蛋白聚合,特别是Paneth细胞(PC),远高于邻近ISC。用新鉴定的肌动蛋白相关蛋白2/3复合物亚基2(ARPC2)抑制剂BPP治疗导致体外肠道类器官生长和体内隐窝细胞增殖的剂量依赖性增加或抑制。与载体组相比,BPP处理降低了Lgr5-ISC特征基因在体内和类器官培养中的表达。同时,来自ISCs和祖细胞的PC分化通过抑制F-肌动蛋白聚合而降低。从机制上讲,BPP诱导的肌动蛋白聚合抑制可能激活Yes1相关的转录调节通路,从而影响ISC的增殖和分化。因此,BPP治疗以剂量依赖的方式影响肠上皮细胞的迁移。结论:细胞骨架重组的调控可以影响ISC的稳态。此外,用美国食品药品监督管理局批准的药物BPP抑制ARPC2代表了一种影响肠上皮细胞更新的新方法。
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引用次数: 0
A photoactivatable and phenylboronic acid-functionalized nanoassembly for combating multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms. 一种可光活化的苯基硼酸功能化纳米组件,用于对抗多重耐药革兰氏阴性菌及其生物膜。
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-16 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad041
Xiaoqing Zhou, Lanlan Dong, Baohua Zhao, Guangyun Hu, Can Huang, Tengfei Liu, Yifei Lu, Mengxue Zheng, Yanlan Yu, Zengjun Yang, Shaowen Cheng, Yan Xiong, Gaoxing Luo, Wei Qian, Rui Yin

Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria-related infectious diseases have caused an increase in the public health burden and mortality. Moreover, the formation of biofilms makes these bacteria difficult to control. Therefore, developing novel interventions to combat MDR gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms-related infections are urgently needed. The purpose of this study was to develop a multifunctional nanoassembly (IRNB) based on IR-780 and N, N'-di-sec-butyl-N, N'- dinitroso-1,4-phenylenediamine (BNN6) for synergistic effect on the infected wounds and subcutaneous abscesses caused by gram-negative bacteria.

Methods: The characterization and bacteria-targeting ability of IRNB were investigated. The bactericidal efficacy of IRNB against gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms was demonstrated by crystal violet staining assay, plate counting method and live/dead staining in vitro. The antibacterial efficiency of IRNB was examined on a subcutaneous abscess and cutaneous infected wound model in vivo. A cell counting kit-8 assay, Calcein/PI cytotoxicity assay, hemolysis assay and intravenous injection assay were performed to detect the biocompatibility of IRNB in vitro and in vivo.

Results: Herein, we successfully developed a multifunctional nanoassembly IRNB based on IR-780 and BNN6 for synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and nitric oxide (NO) effect triggered by an 808 nm laser. This nanoassembly could accumulate specifically at the infected sites of MDR gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms via the covalent coupling effect. Upon irradiation with an 808 nm laser, IRNB was activated and produced both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperthermia. The local hyperthermia could induce NO generation, which further reacted with ROS to generate ONOO-, leading to the enhancement of bactericidal efficacy. Furthermore, NO and ONOO- could disrupt the cell membrane, which converts bacteria to an extremely susceptible state and further enhances the photothermal effect. In this study, IRNB showed a superior photothermal-photodynamic-chemo (NO) synergistic therapeutic effect on the infected wounds and subcutaneous abscesses caused by gram-negative bacteria. This resulted in effective control of associated infections, relief of inflammation, promotion of re-epithelization and collagen deposition, and regulation of angiogenesis during wound healing. Moreover, IRNB exhibited excellent biocompatibility, both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions: The present research suggests that IRNB can be considered a promising alternative for treating infections caused by MDR gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms.

背景:多重耐药(MDR)革兰氏阴性菌相关传染病已导致公共卫生负担和死亡率的增加。此外,生物膜的形成使这些细菌难以控制。因此,迫切需要开发新的干预措施来对抗耐多药革兰氏阴性菌及其生物膜相关感染。本研究的目的是开发一种基于IR-780和N,N'-二-叔丁基-N,N'--二硝基-1,4-苯二胺(BNN6)的多功能纳米组装体(IRNB),对革兰氏阴性菌引起的感染伤口和皮下脓肿具有协同作用。方法:研究IRNB的特性及其对细菌的靶向性。通过结晶紫染色法、平板计数法和体外活/死染色法证明了IRNB对革兰氏阴性菌及其生物膜的杀菌效果。在体内皮下脓肿和皮肤感染伤口模型上检测IRNB的抗菌效果。采用细胞计数试剂盒-8法、Calcein/PI细胞毒性法、溶血法和静脉注射法检测IRNB的体内外生物相容性。结果:在此,我们成功开发了一种基于IR-780和BNN6的多功能纳米组件IRNB,用于808nm激光触发的协同光热治疗(PTT)、光动力治疗(PDT)和一氧化氮(NO)效应。这种纳米组装体可以通过共价偶联效应在耐多药革兰氏阴性菌及其生物膜的感染部位特异性积累。在用808nm激光照射时,IRNB被激活并产生活性氧(ROS)和高温。局部高温可诱导NO生成,NO与ROS进一步反应生成ONOO-,从而增强杀菌效果。此外,NO和ONOO-可以破坏细胞膜,将细菌转化为极其敏感的状态,并进一步增强光热效应。在这项研究中,IRNB对革兰氏阴性菌引起的感染伤口和皮下脓肿显示出优越的光热光动力化学(NO)协同治疗效果。这导致了对相关感染的有效控制、炎症的缓解、再上皮化和胶原沉积的促进以及伤口愈合过程中血管生成的调节。此外,IRNB在体外和体内均表现出良好的生物相容性。结论:目前的研究表明,IRNB可以被认为是治疗耐多药革兰氏阴性菌及其生物膜引起的感染的一种有前途的替代方案。
{"title":"A photoactivatable and phenylboronic acid-functionalized nanoassembly for combating multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms.","authors":"Xiaoqing Zhou,&nbsp;Lanlan Dong,&nbsp;Baohua Zhao,&nbsp;Guangyun Hu,&nbsp;Can Huang,&nbsp;Tengfei Liu,&nbsp;Yifei Lu,&nbsp;Mengxue Zheng,&nbsp;Yanlan Yu,&nbsp;Zengjun Yang,&nbsp;Shaowen Cheng,&nbsp;Yan Xiong,&nbsp;Gaoxing Luo,&nbsp;Wei Qian,&nbsp;Rui Yin","doi":"10.1093/burnst/tkad041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/burnst/tkad041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria-related infectious diseases have caused an increase in the public health burden and mortality. Moreover, the formation of biofilms makes these bacteria difficult to control. Therefore, developing novel interventions to combat MDR gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms-related infections are urgently needed. The purpose of this study was to develop a multifunctional nanoassembly (IRNB) based on IR-780 and N, N'-di-sec-butyl-N, N'- dinitroso-1,4-phenylenediamine (BNN6) for synergistic effect on the infected wounds and subcutaneous abscesses caused by gram-negative bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The characterization and bacteria-targeting ability of IRNB were investigated. The bactericidal efficacy of IRNB against gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms was demonstrated by crystal violet staining assay, plate counting method and live/dead staining <i>in vitro</i>. The antibacterial efficiency of IRNB was examined on a subcutaneous abscess and cutaneous infected wound model <i>in vivo</i>. A cell counting kit-8 assay, Calcein/PI cytotoxicity assay, hemolysis assay and intravenous injection assay were performed to detect the biocompatibility of IRNB <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Herein, we successfully developed a multifunctional nanoassembly IRNB based on IR-780 and BNN6 for synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and nitric oxide (NO) effect triggered by an 808 nm laser. This nanoassembly could accumulate specifically at the infected sites of MDR gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms via the covalent coupling effect. Upon irradiation with an 808 nm laser, IRNB was activated and produced both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperthermia. The local hyperthermia could induce NO generation, which further reacted with ROS to generate ONOO<sup>-</sup>, leading to the enhancement of bactericidal efficacy. Furthermore, NO and ONOO<sup>-</sup> could disrupt the cell membrane, which converts bacteria to an extremely susceptible state and further enhances the photothermal effect. In this study, IRNB showed a superior photothermal-photodynamic-chemo (NO) synergistic therapeutic effect on the infected wounds and subcutaneous abscesses caused by gram-negative bacteria. This resulted in effective control of associated infections, relief of inflammation, promotion of re-epithelization and collagen deposition, and regulation of angiogenesis during wound healing. Moreover, IRNB exhibited excellent biocompatibility, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present research suggests that IRNB can be considered a promising alternative for treating infections caused by MDR gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9553,"journal":{"name":"Burns & Trauma","volume":"11 ","pages":"tkad041"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7e/7f/tkad041.PMC10578387.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mathematical modeling of variants of thoracolumbar junction transpedicular fixation after resection of Th12 vertebra under compressive load 压缩载荷下Th12椎体切除后胸腰椎节段经椎弓根固定变异体的数学建模
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.940
O. Nekhlopochyn, V. Verbov, I. Cheshuk, M. Karpinsky, O. Yaresko
Background. The area of the thoracolumbar junction is characterized by a significant load that dictates increased requirements to stabilization, which should not only provide a reliable and rigid fixation, but also ensure the maximum uniform distribution of the load on all elements of both the metal structure and the bone tissue to exclude the failure of fixation in the long run. Purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of the transpedicular screw length and the presence of crosslinks on the load distribution during surgical resection of one vertebra from the thoracolumbar junction under the influence of axial compressive load. Materials and methods. We analyzed mathematical finite-element model of the part of thoracolumbar spine (Th9-L5), where the Th12 vertebra was removed and replaced by an interbody implant with additional fixation by a transpedicular system. Four variants of transpedicular fixation were modeled using short and long screws, as well as with and without two crosslinks. The stress-strain state of the models was studied under the influence of a vertical compressive distributed load of 350 N. Results. When using short screws and in the absence of crosslinks, the maximum stresses in the Th10, Th11, L1, and L2 vertebrae are 7.2, 5.3, 4.2, and 14.3 MPa, respectively, when using long screws without crosslinks — 6.5, 4.6, 3.8 and 13.5 MPa. The model with short screws and crosslinks shows 7.1, 4.4, 3.9 and 14.0 MPa, while the application of long screws with crosslinks is 6.3, 4.5, 3.5 and 13.2 MPa, respectively. Conclusions. With a compressive load, the use of long screws allows to reduce the level of stress in the bone elements of the models, the use of crosslinks provides greater rigidity to the posterior support of the transpedicular structure, which leads to an increase in stress on the fixing screws but allows to reduce the level of stress in the bone tissue.
背景。胸腰椎连接处的特点是负荷较大,对稳定的要求增加,这不仅要提供可靠和刚性的固定,而且要确保金属结构和骨组织的所有元素上负荷的最大均匀分布,以排除长期固定失败。本研究的目的是探讨在轴向压缩载荷的影响下,椎弓根螺钉长度和交联的存在对手术切除胸腰椎交界处一节椎体的载荷分布的影响。材料和方法。我们分析了部分胸腰椎(Th9-L5)的数学有限元模型,其中Th12椎体被切除并用椎间植入物取代,并通过椎弓根系统进行额外固定。采用短螺钉和长螺钉,以及带和不带两个交联,模拟了四种不同的经椎弓根固定。研究了在350 n垂直分布压荷载作用下模型的应力-应变状态。当使用短螺钉和无交联时,Th10、Th11、L1和L2椎体的最大应力分别为7.2、5.3、4.2和14.3 MPa,而使用无交联的长螺钉时为6.5、4.6、3.8和13.5 MPa。短螺杆和交联的模型分别为7.1、4.4、3.9和14.0 MPa,长螺杆和交联的模型分别为6.3、4.5、3.5和13.2 MPa。结论。在压缩载荷下,使用长螺钉可以降低模型骨单元的应力水平,使用交联可以为经椎弓根结构的后部支持提供更大的刚度,这导致固定螺钉上的应力增加,但可以降低骨组织中的应力水平。
{"title":"Mathematical modeling of variants of thoracolumbar junction transpedicular fixation after resection of Th12 vertebra under compressive load","authors":"O. Nekhlopochyn, V. Verbov, I. Cheshuk, M. Karpinsky, O. Yaresko","doi":"10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.940","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The area of the thoracolumbar junction is characterized by a significant load that dictates increased requirements to stabilization, which should not only provide a reliable and rigid fixation, but also ensure the maximum uniform distribution of the load on all elements of both the metal structure and the bone tissue to exclude the failure of fixation in the long run. Purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of the transpedicular screw length and the presence of crosslinks on the load distribution during surgical resection of one vertebra from the thoracolumbar junction under the influence of axial compressive load. Materials and methods. We analyzed mathematical finite-element model of the part of thoracolumbar spine (Th9-L5), where the Th12 vertebra was removed and replaced by an interbody implant with additional fixation by a transpedicular system. Four variants of transpedicular fixation were modeled using short and long screws, as well as with and without two crosslinks. The stress-strain state of the models was studied under the influence of a vertical compressive distributed load of 350 N. Results. When using short screws and in the absence of crosslinks, the maximum stresses in the Th10, Th11, L1, and L2 vertebrae are 7.2, 5.3, 4.2, and 14.3 MPa, respectively, when using long screws without crosslinks — 6.5, 4.6, 3.8 and 13.5 MPa. The model with short screws and crosslinks shows 7.1, 4.4, 3.9 and 14.0 MPa, while the application of long screws with crosslinks is 6.3, 4.5, 3.5 and 13.2 MPa, respectively. Conclusions. With a compressive load, the use of long screws allows to reduce the level of stress in the bone elements of the models, the use of crosslinks provides greater rigidity to the posterior support of the transpedicular structure, which leads to an increase in stress on the fixing screws but allows to reduce the level of stress in the bone tissue.","PeriodicalId":9553,"journal":{"name":"Burns & Trauma","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73433131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of patients with primary malignant tumors of the bones of the pelvis and lower extremities: promising technologies 骨盆和下肢原发性恶性肿瘤患者的诊断、治疗和监测:有前途的技术
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.945
O. Drobotun
Background. Diagnosis and treatment of patients with malignant bone tumors requires continuous improvement of existing methods of diagnosis and treatment. Purpose: to improve the treatment results in patients with tumors of the femur and pelvis through the application of medical imaging technologies, 3D modeling and 3D printing of personalized models of bones and tumors, arthroplasty and bioactive ceramics. Materials and methods. Examination, treatment and monitoring of 28 patients with malignant tumors of the bones of the pelvis, lower extremities and examination of 16 apparently healthy people were performed. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 3D modeling, biochemical markers of bone metabolism, arthroplasty, biomine were applied. Results. The technology of creating a 3D model of bones affected by malignant tumors has been developed based on the results of MRI, CT and 3D printing. Preoperative planning and training on 3D models reliably reduced intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery, time of complete recovery of the extremity function, the risk of postoperative complications and, accordingly, increased the duration of the first recurrence-free period. The use of bone resorption and osteosynthesis markers allows to control the osseointegration of endoprosthesis and biomine, to diagnose recurrence/metastasis timely. Conclusions. The application of CT + MRI + 3D modeling + training on 3D models + tumor removal + arthroplasty + biomine algorithm provided functional results after 12 months: excellent — in 57.35 %, good — in 29.41 % of cases. Postoperative complications were observed only in 12.2 % of patients, local recurrences — in 7.3 %.
背景。恶性骨肿瘤患者的诊治需要不断改进现有的诊疗方法。目的:通过医学影像技术、骨肿瘤个性化模型的3D建模和3D打印、关节成形术和生物活性陶瓷的应用,提高股骨、骨盆肿瘤患者的治疗效果。材料和方法。对28例骨盆、下肢骨恶性肿瘤患者进行了检查、治疗和监测,并对16例表面健康的人进行了检查。应用计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)、三维建模、骨代谢生化标志物、关节成形术、生物胺。结果。基于MRI、CT和3D打印的结果,已经开发出了创建受恶性肿瘤影响的骨骼3D模型的技术。术前规划和3D模型训练可靠地减少了术中出血量、手术时间、四肢功能完全恢复时间和术后并发症的风险,从而增加了第一次无复发期的时间。使用骨吸收和骨合成标志物可以控制假体和生物胺的骨整合,及时诊断复发/转移。结论。应用CT + MRI + 3D建模+ 3D模型训练+肿瘤切除+关节置换术+生物胺算法12个月后功能效果:优57.35%,良29.41%。术后并发症发生率仅为12.2%,局部复发发生率为7.3%。
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引用次数: 0
Study of load in the sacroiliac joint during dynamic simulation of movements in the lumbar spine on skeletal muscle models after posterior bisegmental fusion 后半节段融合后骨骼肌模型动态模拟腰椎运动时骶髂关节负荷的研究
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.944
O. Barkov, R.V. Malyk, O. Karpinska
Background. Complications are the main concern of patients and surgeons when considering spine surgery. One of the risk factors for complications in the thoracic and lumbar spinal segments, as well as segments adjacent to those with fusion, is changes in sagittal spinal-pelvic balance. Objective: to determine the effect of muscle changes that occur during surgical access for posterior bisegmental LIV-SI fusion on the load of the iliac crest surface in the sacroiliac joint. Materials and methods. Dynamic motion simulation modeling was performed using OpenSim software with the use of additional programs to calculate loading forces. The complete model of the human musculoskeletal system was taken as a basis. To compare the load force, four models were created: 1 — basic, all spinal motion segments are fully functional, 2 — fixation without changing the anatomical curves of the spine, 3 — fixation in the position of hyperlordosis; 4 — fixation with reproduction of hyperlordosis. For models 2–4, changes in the muscles were made that correspond to the effects of surgical posterior access to the lumbar spine for posterior instrumented fusion LIV-SI. The load on the area of interest was measured as the value of the projection of the force vector depending on the angle of torso inclination as a percentage of body weight. Results. Muscle strength and function were the same for all types of instrumental spinal fusion, and trauma during access was not taken into account. In model 1 (normal) with the upright position, the projection of the load force falls on the center of gravity of the vertebra. When tilted, the load force in the sagittal direction acts exclusively on the anterior ilium with a slight shift of 10 % forward. In normosthenic and hyperlordotic fixation, there is a shift in the projection of the load force on the posterior iliac crest in the upright position and its displacement to the center with the tilt. The displacement of the load center with the upright position in normosthenic fixation is associated with the exclusion of some extensor muscles from the calculation of fibers, which reduces their total strength and leads to sagittal imbalance with an increase in lordosis. Hypolordotic fixation (model 4) slightly shifts the projection of the load force in the upright position (by 3 %) and approaches the normal values of model 1 when tilted. Regarding vertical loads, for all models with muscle integrity impairment (models 2, 3, 4), the load in the upright position is greatly increased — on average by 60 % compared to the norm, with a decrease in body weight by 40–45 % when tilted. Conclusions. It has been proved that the load force on the surface of the iliac crest in the sacroiliac joint depends on the angle of instrumental fusion performed. The greatest changes are observed with the displacement of the load center during upright standing in the sagittal direction. In normosthenic and hyperlordotic fixation with decreased back muscle strength
背景。在考虑脊柱手术时,并发症是患者和外科医生主要关心的问题。胸腰椎节段以及融合后相邻节段并发症的危险因素之一是矢状面脊柱-骨盆平衡的改变。目的:探讨后半节段LIV-SI融合手术入路中发生的肌肉变化对骶髂关节髂嵴面负荷的影响。材料和方法。采用OpenSim软件进行动态运动仿真建模,并利用附加程序计算加载力。以完整的人体肌肉骨骼系统模型为基础。为了比较载荷力,我们建立了四种模型:1 -基本模型,所有脊柱运动节段功能齐全,2 -固定不改变脊柱解剖曲线,3 -固定在脊柱前凸部位;4 .固定伴前凸过度再生产。对于模型2-4,肌肉的变化与手术后路进入腰椎进行后路内固定LIV-SI融合的效果相对应。在感兴趣的区域上的负载被测量为力向量的投影值,这取决于躯干倾斜的角度占体重的百分比。结果。所有类型的器械脊柱融合术的肌肉力量和功能是相同的,并且不考虑入路过程中的创伤。在模型1(法向)中,竖直位置,载荷力的投影落在椎体的重心上。当倾斜时,矢状方向的载荷力仅作用于前髂骨,向前轻微移动10%。在正常张力和前凸过度固定中,直立位置时髂后嵴上的负荷力投射发生变化,并随着倾斜向中心移位。在正张力固定中,负荷中心与直立位置的位移与一些伸肌在纤维计算中被排除有关,这降低了它们的总强度,导致矢状面不平衡,并增加了前凸。低倾角固定(模型4)使直立位置的载荷力投射略微偏移(偏移3%),倾斜位置时接近模型1的正常值。关于垂直负荷,对于所有肌肉完整性受损的模型(模型2、3、4),直立位置的负荷大大增加——与正常位置相比平均增加60%,倾斜位置时体重减少40 - 45%。结论。经证实,骶髂关节内髂骨表面的载荷与器械融合术的角度有关。在矢状方向直立站立时,载荷中心的位移变化最大。在背肌力下降的正常张力和高前凸固定中,有一个负荷转移到髂嵴后部。在低椎弓背固定中,载荷中心保持靠近中心位置。负荷在垂直方向上的分布主要受背部肌肉力量减少的影响,背部肌肉力量的减少使负荷增加了60%。
{"title":"Study of load in the sacroiliac joint during dynamic simulation of movements in the lumbar spine on skeletal muscle models after posterior bisegmental fusion","authors":"O. Barkov, R.V. Malyk, O. Karpinska","doi":"10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.944","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Complications are the main concern of patients and surgeons when considering spine surgery. One of the risk factors for complications in the thoracic and lumbar spinal segments, as well as segments adjacent to those with fusion, is changes in sagittal spinal-pelvic balance. Objective: to determine the effect of muscle changes that occur during surgical access for posterior bisegmental LIV-SI fusion on the load of the iliac crest surface in the sacroiliac joint. Materials and methods. Dynamic motion simulation modeling was performed using OpenSim software with the use of additional programs to calculate loading forces. The complete model of the human musculoskeletal system was taken as a basis. To compare the load force, four models were created: 1 — basic, all spinal motion segments are fully functional, 2 — fixation without changing the anatomical curves of the spine, 3 — fixation in the position of hyperlordosis; 4 — fixation with reproduction of hyperlordosis. For models 2–4, changes in the muscles were made that correspond to the effects of surgical posterior access to the lumbar spine for posterior instrumented fusion LIV-SI. The load on the area of interest was measured as the value of the projection of the force vector depending on the angle of torso inclination as a percentage of body weight. Results. Muscle strength and function were the same for all types of instrumental spinal fusion, and trauma during access was not taken into account. In model 1 (normal) with the upright position, the projection of the load force falls on the center of gravity of the vertebra. When tilted, the load force in the sagittal direction acts exclusively on the anterior ilium with a slight shift of 10 % forward. In normosthenic and hyperlordotic fixation, there is a shift in the projection of the load force on the posterior iliac crest in the upright position and its displacement to the center with the tilt. The displacement of the load center with the upright position in normosthenic fixation is associated with the exclusion of some extensor muscles from the calculation of fibers, which reduces their total strength and leads to sagittal imbalance with an increase in lordosis. Hypolordotic fixation (model 4) slightly shifts the projection of the load force in the upright position (by 3 %) and approaches the normal values of model 1 when tilted. Regarding vertical loads, for all models with muscle integrity impairment (models 2, 3, 4), the load in the upright position is greatly increased — on average by 60 % compared to the norm, with a decrease in body weight by 40–45 % when tilted. Conclusions. It has been proved that the load force on the surface of the iliac crest in the sacroiliac joint depends on the angle of instrumental fusion performed. The greatest changes are observed with the displacement of the load center during upright standing in the sagittal direction. In normosthenic and hyperlordotic fixation with decreased back muscle strength","PeriodicalId":9553,"journal":{"name":"Burns & Trauma","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79802057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of changes in the balance of the pelvic girdle muscles in patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis after arthroplasty 关节成形术后发育不良髋关节患者骨盆带肌平衡变化的研究
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.943
O. D. Karpinskaya, M.Y. Karpinsky, O. Tyazhelov, V. Klymovytskyy, L.D. Goncharova, D. Yurchenko
Background. Dysplastic coxarthrosis is a special medical and social problem in the treatment of adult patients, often leading to disability, limiting the human’s ability to self-care. Arthroplasty for dysplastic coxarthrosis is only a certain stage in the restoration of the patient’s musculoskeletal function. Considering the large number of unsatisfactory results of arthroplasty in dysplastic coxarthrosis, a very important factor is the construction of a rehabilitation prognosis — the estimated probability of achieving the intended goals of rehabilitation or realization of rehabilitation potential, taking into account disease features and the patient’s capabilities. Objective: to determine the significant parameters of the dysplastic hip joint whose change affects the deficit of lower limb muscle strength after arthroplasty and the prospects for rehabilitation potential. Materials and methods. An X-ray examination of 23 dysplastic hip joints was performed. The following radiometric parameters were measured: acetabular depth; floor thickness; acetabular depth index; abductor moment arm; gravity moment arm; height and lateralization of the center of rotation of the femoral head relative to the center of the acetabulum rotation. To objectify the balance of muscle forces required to maintain pelvic balance when standing on one leg, a mathematical model was used created by the authors, which reflects the pelvis with the femur and the action vectors of the muscles of two groups: abductors and adductors of the hip. Results. Using the model of horizontal balance of the pelvis, the level of muscle strength deficit was calculated in patients before and after arthroplasty. It was found that in some of them the muscle strength deficit remained. With a linear regression model, an equation was created to determine the muscle strength deficit. According to the statistical analysis, no difference was found between the results of the regression equation and the mathematical model (p >> 0.05). The regression analysis has shown that the most significant factors for the result are the neck shaft angle, floor thickness, and head height. To determine the limits of radiometric parameters that affect the outcome of arthroplasty, patients were divided into 4 groups according to the level of calculated muscle strength deficit: group I — deficit of more than 20 %, group II — deficit of less than 20 %, group III — surplus of 20 % and group IV — surplus of more than 20 %. In general, patients improve their muscle strength, but the initial deficit greatly affects the outcome after arthroplasty. For patients in group I, pre- and postoperative rehabilitation is necessary to achieve a positive result. In group II, the main direction of rehabilitation is to increase muscle strength. For patients of groups III and IV, general rehabilitation measures can be used. Conclusions. The most important parameter that affects muscle strength after arthroplasty is the patient’s muscle streng
背景。关节发育不良是成人患者治疗中一个特殊的医学和社会问题,往往导致残疾,限制了人的自我照顾能力。关节成形术治疗发育不良的肩关节只是恢复患者肌肉骨骼功能的一个阶段。考虑到关节发育不良患者大量的关节成形术不理想的结果,一个非常重要的因素是康复预后的构建——在考虑疾病特点和患者能力的情况下,估计达到预期康复目标或实现康复潜力的概率。目的:确定发育不良髋关节的重要参数,其改变对髋关节置换术后下肢肌力缺损的影响及康复潜力的前景。材料和方法。对23例发育不良髋关节进行x线检查。测量以下放射学参数:髋臼深度;地板厚度;髋臼深度指数;外展力臂;重力力臂;股骨头旋转中心相对于髋臼旋转中心的高度和偏侧。为了客观化单腿站立时维持骨盆平衡所需的肌肉力量平衡,作者创建了一个数学模型,该模型反映了骨盆与股骨的关系以及髋关节外展肌和内收肌两组肌肉的作用向量。结果。采用骨盆水平平衡模型,计算关节置换术前后患者的肌力缺损水平。结果发现,其中一些人仍然存在肌肉力量不足。通过线性回归模型,建立了确定肌肉力量不足的方程。经统计分析,回归方程结果与数学模型结果无差异(p >> 0.05)。回归分析表明,影响结果最显著的因素是颈轴角、地板厚度和头高。为了确定影响关节置换术结果的放射学参数的限度,根据计算肌力缺损程度将患者分为4组:ⅰ组缺损大于20%,ⅱ组缺损小于20%,ⅲ组剩余20%,ⅳ组剩余20%以上。一般情况下,患者的肌力会得到改善,但关节置换术后的初始缺陷会对结果产生很大影响。对于第一组患者,术前和术后的康复是必要的,以达到积极的结果。第二组以增强肌力为主要康复方向。对于第三组和第四组患者,可采用一般康复措施。结论。影响关节置换术后肌力的最重要参数是患者术前肌力和体重。另一个重要的指标是髋臼底的厚度。体重减轻是任何关节置换术后患者治疗成功的主要标准。
{"title":"Study of changes in the balance of the pelvic girdle muscles in patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis after arthroplasty","authors":"O. D. Karpinskaya, M.Y. Karpinsky, O. Tyazhelov, V. Klymovytskyy, L.D. Goncharova, D. Yurchenko","doi":"10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.943","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Dysplastic coxarthrosis is a special medical and social problem in the treatment of adult patients, often leading to disability, limiting the human’s ability to self-care. Arthroplasty for dysplastic coxarthrosis is only a certain stage in the restoration of the patient’s musculoskeletal function. Considering the large number of unsatisfactory results of arthroplasty in dysplastic coxarthrosis, a very important factor is the construction of a rehabilitation prognosis — the estimated probability of achieving the intended goals of rehabilitation or realization of rehabilitation potential, taking into account disease features and the patient’s capabilities. Objective: to determine the significant parameters of the dysplastic hip joint whose change affects the deficit of lower limb muscle strength after arthroplasty and the prospects for rehabilitation potential. Materials and methods. An X-ray examination of 23 dysplastic hip joints was performed. The following radiometric parameters were measured: acetabular depth; floor thickness; acetabular depth index; abductor moment arm; gravity moment arm; height and lateralization of the center of rotation of the femoral head relative to the center of the acetabulum rotation. To objectify the balance of muscle forces required to maintain pelvic balance when standing on one leg, a mathematical model was used created by the authors, which reflects the pelvis with the femur and the action vectors of the muscles of two groups: abductors and adductors of the hip. Results. Using the model of horizontal balance of the pelvis, the level of muscle strength deficit was calculated in patients before and after arthroplasty. It was found that in some of them the muscle strength deficit remained. With a linear regression model, an equation was created to determine the muscle strength deficit. According to the statistical analysis, no difference was found between the results of the regression equation and the mathematical model (p &gt;&gt; 0.05). The regression analysis has shown that the most significant factors for the result are the neck shaft angle, floor thickness, and head height. To determine the limits of radiometric parameters that affect the outcome of arthroplasty, patients were divided into 4 groups according to the level of calculated muscle strength deficit: group I — deficit of more than 20 %, group II — deficit of less than 20 %, group III — surplus of 20 % and group IV — surplus of more than 20 %. In general, patients improve their muscle strength, but the initial deficit greatly affects the outcome after arthroplasty. For patients in group I, pre- and postoperative rehabilitation is necessary to achieve a positive result. In group II, the main direction of rehabilitation is to increase muscle strength. For patients of groups III and IV, general rehabilitation measures can be used. Conclusions. The most important parameter that affects muscle strength after arthroplasty is the patient’s muscle streng","PeriodicalId":9553,"journal":{"name":"Burns & Trauma","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79546280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The influence of low-frequency vibration on the restoration of the range of knee motion in laboratory animals after immobilization (experimental study) 低频振动对实验动物固定后膝关节活动范围恢复的影响(实验研究)
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.941
O. Tyazhelov, O. Karpinska, M. Karpinsky, O.A. Nikolchenko, V. Fishchenko, Khasawneh Ayham Adli Mohammad
Background. The term “joint contractures” is used to describe the loss of passive range of motion of diarthrosis joints, the most common and mobile type of a joint. Measuring passive or active range of motion in a joint with contracture is key to assessing the severity of joint contractures. The purpose of the study: to determine the impact of immobilization on the development of movement limitation in the knee joint of laboratory animals (rats) and to evaluate the possibility of restoring mobility in case of using low-frequency vibration during and after immobilization. Materials and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 30 non-linear white male rats aged 6 months. Immobilization of the pelvic limb was performed at an angle of 140° in the knee joint. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: I — immobilization and free restraint after immobilization, II — immobilization and vibration development of the joint after immobilization, III — immobilization and vibration development of the joint during and after immobilization. Vibration development of the immobilized knee joint was performed daily in the mode of 20 Hz with an amplitude of 1.5 mm and a duration of 10 minutes. The range of motion and real contracture were determined as the difference between the measured range of motion and the range of motion before the start of the experiment for each animal individually. Results. It was found that a rapid increase in movement limitation occurs starting from the 2nd week of immobilization. A decrease in the range of motion in rats of the groups I and II under conditions of immobilization occurred the same way. After the end of immobilization, a slow increase in the range of motion was observed in the group I; in the group II, the growth was almost linear and after 4 weeks, the indicator was close to the norm. In the group III, the limitation of the range of motion after immobilization was significantly less; therefore, accordingly, recovery took place already 2 weeks after the removal of the immobilization bandage. Immobilization of the knee joint in rats of groups I and II caused a contracture of 60°, while in the group III, the restrictions did not exceed 25°. And, accordingly, the recovery in the groups with vibration development was rapid; in the group III, a full recovery was achieved, in the group II — a recovery of up to 5° of the residual contracture. In the group I, we observe a residual contracture of almost 35°, which is more than the formed immobilization contracture in the group III. Conclusions. Low-frequency vibration allows reducing the impact of immobilization and significantly accelerate the recovery of mobi-lity (range of motion) of the joint after its completion. If it is impossible to carry out vibrotherapy during the period of immobilization, it should be started as early as possible after immobilization. To date, there are few studies considering the effect of low-frequency vibration on the development of immob
背景。“关节挛缩”一词用于描述腹泻性关节被动活动范围的丧失,腹泻性关节是最常见和活动的关节类型。测量关节挛缩的被动或主动活动范围是评估关节挛缩严重程度的关键。本研究的目的:确定固定对实验动物(大鼠)膝关节运动受限发展的影响,并评估在固定期间和固定后使用低频振动恢复活动能力的可能性。材料和方法。实验研究对象为30只6月龄非线性雄性白种大鼠。骨盆肢体以140°角度在膝关节内固定。将动物随机分为3组:I -固定后的固定和自由约束,II -固定后的固定和关节振动发展,III -固定期间和之后的固定和关节振动发展。固定膝关节的振动发展每天在20 Hz模式下进行,振幅为1.5 mm,持续时间为10分钟。运动范围和实际挛缩是指每只动物的运动范围测量值与实验开始前的运动范围之差。结果。研究发现,从固定后第2周开始,活动受限迅速增加。在固定条件下,I组和II组大鼠的活动范围下降的方式相同。在固定结束后,观察到第一组的活动范围缓慢增加;在第二组,生长几乎是线性的,4周后,指标接近常态。在III组,固定后的活动范围限制明显减少;因此,在拆除固定绷带2周后,患者已经恢复。I组和II组大鼠膝关节固定造成60°挛缩,而III组限制不超过25°。相应地,振动发展组的恢复速度较快;III组完全恢复,II组残余挛缩最多恢复5°。在I组中,我们观察到残余挛缩近35°,这比III组中形成的固定挛缩更多。结论。低频振动可以减少固定的影响,并显着加速关节完成后的活动恢复(运动范围)。如果在固定期间无法进行振动治疗,则应在固定后尽早开始。目前,低频振动对固定挛缩发展及治疗的影响研究较少。获得的数据需要进一步研究更长的固定时间,以及检查固定选项和关节振动影响模式。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the stress-strain state of the posterior lumbar fusion models in case of normal indicators of the sagittal balance of the spine and pelvis 脊柱和骨盆矢状面平衡指标正常情况下后路腰椎融合模型应力-应变状态的研究
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.939
K. Popsuyshapka, O.V. Kovernyk, O.O. Pidgayska, M. Karpinsky, O. Yaresko
Background. Patients suffering from hip-spine syndrome with significant changes in the hip joint complain of pain in the lumbar spine in 21.2–49.4 % of cases. After performing lumbar fusion, the mobility of the pelvis decreases, which leads to an increased risk of dislocations and the development of impingement after hip arthroplasty that is the cause for repeated surgical interventions. Goal: to study the stress distribution in the models of posterior lumbar fusion in case of normal values of the sagittal contour of the spine and lumbar lordosis. Materials and methods. A finite-element model has been developed reflecting the condition that occurs in the combined course of degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine and hip joint and is characterized by normal lordosis of 40º and forward body tilt due to flexion contracture in the hip joints. The following options were modeled: 1 — posterior fusion of the L4-L5 vertebrae using a transpedicular structure with 4 screws and an interbody support; 2 — posterior fusion of the L3-L4-L5 vertebrae using a transpedicular construction with 6 screws; 3 — posterior fusion of L1-L5 vertebrae using a transpedicular structure with 10 screws. When conducting the research, the values of stresses in the Th1-L5 vertebrae, on the screws and rods of the transpedicular structure were studied. Results. Posterior fusion with a transpedicular construction on two L4-L5 vertebrae leads to the occurrence of maximum stresses in vertebral bodies of the lumbar spine, especially L4-L5. The lowest stresses in the lumbar vertebral bodies can be obtained when the transpedicular structure is applied to all 5 vertebrae. The use of all options for posterior fusion, except for the 4-screw scheme, allows to reduce the stress in the vertebral arches of the lumbar spine below the level of the normal spine model, except for the L1 vertebra. This leads to an increase in the level of stress from the Th6 to Th12 vertebrae. The construction placed on all 5 vertebrae ensures the lowest level of stress in the arches of thoracic vertebrae. The construction placed on all the vertebrae of the lumbar spine provides a minimum level of stress in the bone tissue around the fixing screws. Reducing the length of fixation leads to a significant increase in stress in these zones. With all types of installation of the transpedicular construction, the values of the stresses on the screws in the L3-L5 vertebrae are comparable. When using the design for 5 vertebrae of the lumbar spine, the locking screws in the L1 and L2 vertebrae will experience significant loads, which, accordingly, will cause significant stress in them. The maximum level of stress in the rods occurs when two L4-L5 vertebrae are instrumented, the minimum is when the structure is placed on all five vertebrae of the lumbar spine. Conclusions. Given the stress distribution, the length of fixation plays an important role: the longer the length of fixation, the lower the stress level, both in the b
背景。髋关节有明显改变的髋关节-脊柱综合征患者中有21.2 - 49.4%的患者主诉腰椎疼痛。腰椎融合术后,骨盆活动度降低,导致髋关节置换术后脱位和发生撞击的风险增加,这是重复手术干预的原因。目的:研究脊柱矢状面轮廓和腰椎前凸正常情况下腰椎后路融合术模型的应力分布。材料和方法。建立了一个反映腰椎和髋关节退行性疾病合并过程中发生的情况的有限元模型,其特征是由于髋关节屈曲挛缩导致的正常前凸40º和身体前倾。模拟了以下方案:1 - L4-L5椎体后路融合,采用经椎弓根结构,采用4枚螺钉和椎间支撑;2 -采用经椎弓根结构和6枚螺钉后路融合L3-L4-L5椎体;采用经椎弓根结构和10枚螺钉后路融合L1-L5椎体。在进行研究时,研究了Th1-L5椎体、椎弓根结构的螺钉和棒的应力值。结果。两个L4-L5椎体经椎弓根结构的后路融合导致腰椎椎体,特别是L4-L5椎体出现最大应力。当经椎弓根结构应用于所有5个椎体时,腰椎椎体的应力最小。除4螺钉方案外,所有后路融合术的选择都可以减少除L1椎体以外的腰椎椎弓处低于正常脊柱模型水平的应力。这导致从Th6到Th12椎体的压力水平增加。在所有5个椎骨上的结构确保了胸椎弓的最低压力水平。安装在腰椎所有椎骨上的结构为固定螺钉周围的骨组织提供了最小的应力水平。减少固定的长度会导致这些区域的应力显著增加。对于所有类型的经椎弓根结构安装,L3-L5椎体螺钉上的应力值是可比较的。采用腰椎5椎体设计时,L1和L2椎体的锁定螺钉将承受较大的载荷,因此会对其产生较大的应力。当两个L4-L5椎体被置入时,杆状物的最大应力水平发生,当结构被置入腰椎的所有五个椎体时,杆状物的最小应力水平发生。结论。考虑到应力分布,固定长度起着重要的作用:固定长度越长,模型骨单元和金属结构单元的应力水平越低。
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引用次数: 0
Study of bone density according to СT data before and in the remote period after unicondylar knee arthroplasty 根据СT资料对单髁膝关节置换术前后骨密度的研究
IF 5.3 1区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.22141/1608-1706.2.24.2023.942
Wahbeh Rami Taleb Khaled, S.Y. Yaremin
Background. Unicondylar knee arthroplasty has become popular among orthopedists in recent years. The main complication of this technology is the instability of the tibial component of the endoprosthesis due to the development of local osteoporosis in the area of arthroplasty. Patients with decreased bone density are at high risk of developing instability of the tibial component of the endoprosthesis. Therefore, determining the levels of bone mineral density in patients with osteopenia before arthroplasty make it possible to calculate the risk of complications in the long term. Objective: to evaluate the bone mineral density according to the computed tomography (CT) of the tibial plateau resection zone for unicondylar arthroplasty in patients at risk. Materials and methods. The state of three cortical layer zones was assessed: anterior, middle, posterior and 4 zones of the plateau cut plane. The optical density of bone tissue was measured on CT images of the tibial plateau of the knee joint using the Hounsfield scale. Changes in bone structures in the area of placing tibial component of the endoprosthesis were studied in 2 groups of patients: group I — ten individuals who had undergone unicondylar knee arthroplasty 3–6 years ago and complained of negative phenomena in the prosthetic knee, group II — ten patients who had undergone unicondylar arthroplasty 1.2–2 years ago. These patients underwent CT densitometry at the follow-up examination. Results. Before arthroplasty, the maximum optical density of bone tissue was statistically the same. The density of the cortical layer was maximal in the anterior part of the bone (~ 720 HU), minimal — in the posterior part (580 HU). For the spongy bone zone, the maximum optical density was observed in the anterior part (~ 470 HU), and in the posterior part, it was lower. In 3–6 years, patients of group I showed a significant decrease in the optical density of the bone, both in its cortical layer and in the cancellous tissue. The greatest losses were detected in the medial zones of the cancellous bone. Patients had areas of cortical layer resorption, and in some individuals, its complete absence. At the same time, the absorption index of the cortical layer in the areas of destruction did not exceed 100 HU. The maximum optical density of the cortical layer in the zones also decreased. In patients of group II, 1.5–2 years after arthroplasty, there were no noticeable changes in the bone structures in the surgery area. Changes occurred in the medial zones of the cancellous bone of the tibial plateau. Patients with osteopenia reported changes in bone optical density already in the first years after arthroplasty, although they do not lead to instability of the tibial component of the endoprosthesis. Conclusions. Patients with decreased bone density (osteopenia) during joint arthroplasty are at risk of developing local osteoporosis in the area of bone resection. The first signs of resorption of the cancellous bone can
背景。近年来,单髁膝关节置换术在骨科医生中越来越流行。该技术的主要并发症是由于关节置换术区局部骨质疏松症的发展导致假体胫骨部分的不稳定。骨密度降低的患者发生假体胫骨部分不稳定的风险很高。因此,在关节置换术前确定骨质减少患者的骨密度水平,可以计算长期并发症的风险。目的:评价高危单髁关节置换术患者胫骨平台切除区CT骨密度。材料和方法。评估皮质层前、中、后3个区及平台切面4个区状态。采用Hounsfield量表在膝关节胫骨平台的CT图像上测量骨组织的光密度。研究两组患者放置假体胫骨部位骨结构的变化:1组(3-6年前行单髁膝关节置换术的10例患者)和2组(1.2-2年前行单髁膝关节置换术的10例患者)。这些患者在随访检查时接受了CT密度测量。结果。在关节置换术前,骨组织的最大光密度在统计学上相同。骨皮质层密度在骨前部最大(~ 720 HU),在骨后部最小(580 HU)。对于海绵骨区,光密度在前部最大(~ 470 HU),后部较低。3-6年,I组患者骨皮质层和松质组织的光密度明显下降。最大的损失是在松质骨的内侧区域。患者有皮质层吸收的区域,有些人完全没有。同时,破坏区皮质层吸收指数不超过100 HU。区域内皮层的最大光密度也有所下降。II组患者,关节置换术后1.5-2年,手术区骨结构无明显变化。变化发生在胫骨平台松质骨的内侧区域。骨量减少的患者在关节置换术后的头几年已经报告了骨光密度的变化,尽管它们不会导致假体胫骨部分的不稳定。结论。在关节置换术中骨密度降低(骨质减少)的患者在骨切除区域有发生局部骨质疏松的风险。松质骨吸收的第一个迹象可以在关节置换术后1.5-2年观察到。及时的治疗措施可以减缓骨质疏松症的进一步发展。
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Burns & Trauma
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