Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1177/00081256241276553
Krithika Randhawa, Wim Vanhaverbeke, Paavo Ritala
Highly regulated industries such as healthcare can reap significant benefits from new digital technologies. However, due to institutional constraints, adopting such technologies is a slow and difficult process. Technology providers need to legitimize their underlying technologies to the customers and other stakeholders in the field. Drawing on multiple case studies in the healthcare industry, this article demonstrates how technology providers deploy two legitimizing practices: solution selling and issue selling. These activities lead to the emergence of open innovation ecosystems that help technology providers overcome adoption barriers.
{"title":"Legitimizing Digital Technologies in Open Innovation Ecosystems: Overcoming Adoption Barriers in Healthcare","authors":"Krithika Randhawa, Wim Vanhaverbeke, Paavo Ritala","doi":"10.1177/00081256241276553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241276553","url":null,"abstract":"Highly regulated industries such as healthcare can reap significant benefits from new digital technologies. However, due to institutional constraints, adopting such technologies is a slow and difficult process. Technology providers need to legitimize their underlying technologies to the customers and other stakeholders in the field. Drawing on multiple case studies in the healthcare industry, this article demonstrates how technology providers deploy two legitimizing practices: solution selling and issue selling. These activities lead to the emergence of open innovation ecosystems that help technology providers overcome adoption barriers.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1177/00081256241279334
Sigvald Harryson, Peter Lorange
This study explores the dynamics between the extremes of open innovation (OI)—from inclusive co-creation to exclusive vertical integration (VI). This analysis addresses the management issues of how Tesla and Porsche manage value capture and value distribution in the e-mobility industry through their contrasting approaches and strategic shifts between OI and VI. It develops a novel theoretical model juxtaposing the OI mode from open to closed with the value chain position from horizontal to vertical. Analyzing Tesla and Porsche’s strategic moves offers a paradigm shift for OI practitioners. Our model can enable enhanced value capture through greater openness and more inclusive value distribution through proactive inside-out strategies in core technology areas. Instead of positioning VI and OI as static polar extremes, a novel combination of VI and OI can realize untapped potential.
本研究探讨了开放式创新（OI）--从包容性共同创造到排他性垂直整合（VI）--两个极端之间的动态。该分析探讨了特斯拉和保时捷如何通过其截然不同的方法以及在开放式创新和纵向一体化之间的战略转变，管理电动汽车行业的价值获取和价值分配。分析建立了一个新颖的理论模型，将从开放到封闭的 OI 模式与从横向到纵向的价值链定位并列起来。分析特斯拉和保时捷的战略举措为开放式创新实践者提供了一种范式转变。我们的模式可以通过更大程度的开放来提高价值获取能力，并通过在核心技术领域采取由内而外的积极战略来实现更具包容性的价值分配。与其将VI和OI定位为静态的两极极端，VI和OI的新颖结合可以实现尚未开发的潜力。
{"title":"Vertical Integration versus Open Innovation? From Winner Takes it All to Winners Make it All","authors":"Sigvald Harryson, Peter Lorange","doi":"10.1177/00081256241279334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241279334","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the dynamics between the extremes of open innovation (OI)—from inclusive co-creation to exclusive vertical integration (VI). This analysis addresses the management issues of how Tesla and Porsche manage value capture and value distribution in the e-mobility industry through their contrasting approaches and strategic shifts between OI and VI. It develops a novel theoretical model juxtaposing the OI mode from open to closed with the value chain position from horizontal to vertical. Analyzing Tesla and Porsche’s strategic moves offers a paradigm shift for OI practitioners. Our model can enable enhanced value capture through greater openness and more inclusive value distribution through proactive inside-out strategies in core technology areas. Instead of positioning VI and OI as static polar extremes, a novel combination of VI and OI can realize untapped potential.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1177/00081256241279326
Marcus Holgersson, Linus Dahlander, Henry Chesbrough, Marcel L. A. M. Bogers
Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance, enable, or replace traditional open innovation (OI) practices, changing the scope and efficiency of both outside-in and inside-out OI. This article provides a comprehensive framework to analyze AI’s influence on OI, supported by illustrative examples, and outlines the key implications for organizations and researchers. The co-evolutionary relationship between AI and OI will be a central focus in both research and practice moving forward.
{"title":"Open Innovation in the Age of AI","authors":"Marcus Holgersson, Linus Dahlander, Henry Chesbrough, Marcel L. A. M. Bogers","doi":"10.1177/00081256241279326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241279326","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance, enable, or replace traditional open innovation (OI) practices, changing the scope and efficiency of both outside-in and inside-out OI. This article provides a comprehensive framework to analyze AI’s influence on OI, supported by illustrative examples, and outlines the key implications for organizations and researchers. The co-evolutionary relationship between AI and OI will be a central focus in both research and practice moving forward.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-07DOI: 10.1177/00081256241277238
Wan Ri Ho, Nikolai Kazantsev, Torbjørn Netland
Disruptions often call for rapid innovation at scale. Open innovation (OI) is critical in such contexts because it allows organizations to access resources beyond the firm’s boundaries. Yet, many OI projects fail, posing significant risks during disruptions. This article examines 12 ventilator development projects during the COVID-19 pandemic, of which only seven succeeded. Fifty-five interviews were analyzed to understand how organizational roles influence the outcomes of OI projects in times of disruption. The key finding is that projects that succeeded involved an organizational role largely absent in those that failed: namely, a catalyst.
{"title":"The Critical Catalyst: Getting Open Innovation Projects Right in Times of Disruption","authors":"Wan Ri Ho, Nikolai Kazantsev, Torbjørn Netland","doi":"10.1177/00081256241277238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241277238","url":null,"abstract":"Disruptions often call for rapid innovation at scale. Open innovation (OI) is critical in such contexts because it allows organizations to access resources beyond the firm’s boundaries. Yet, many OI projects fail, posing significant risks during disruptions. This article examines 12 ventilator development projects during the COVID-19 pandemic, of which only seven succeeded. Fifty-five interviews were analyzed to understand how organizational roles influence the outcomes of OI projects in times of disruption. The key finding is that projects that succeeded involved an organizational role largely absent in those that failed: namely, a catalyst.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open Innovation (OI) has become a key part of corporate strategy, and many firms have adopted dedicated organizational functions to leverage OI. However, current literature lacks insights into how firms deploy such functions and what they do. To address this issue, this article provides insights from interviews with senior managers in dedicated OI functions in 20 different firms. The findings reveal three ways that firms can employ these functions and the key practices for which they are responsible. Finally, dedicated OI functions can change over time as the firms’ OI capabilities mature.
{"title":"Beyond the Buzz: Unpacking the Forms and Practices of Dedicated Open Innovation Functions","authors":"Justyna Dąbrowska, Joona Keränen, Anne-Laure Mention","doi":"10.1177/00081256241276566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241276566","url":null,"abstract":"Open Innovation (OI) has become a key part of corporate strategy, and many firms have adopted dedicated organizational functions to leverage OI. However, current literature lacks insights into how firms deploy such functions and what they do. To address this issue, this article provides insights from interviews with senior managers in dedicated OI functions in 20 different firms. The findings reveal three ways that firms can employ these functions and the key practices for which they are responsible. Finally, dedicated OI functions can change over time as the firms’ OI capabilities mature.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142383717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1177/00081256241273964
Henry Chesbrough
SummaryI have been invited to discuss the prospects for Open Innovation (OI) as part of this special issue of the California Management Review. To organize my discussion, I will examine three phases of the evolution of this concept: the antecedents of OI, some of the main findings from OI (including both successes and failures), and prospects for the future of OI.
{"title":"Open Innovation: Accomplishments and Prospects for the Next 20 Years","authors":"Henry Chesbrough","doi":"10.1177/00081256241273964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241273964","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryI have been invited to discuss the prospects for Open Innovation (OI) as part of this special issue of the California Management Review. To organize my discussion, I will examine three phases of the evolution of this concept: the antecedents of OI, some of the main findings from OI (including both successes and failures), and prospects for the future of OI.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1177/00081256241267026
Ntorina Antoni, Sharon Dolmans, Christina Giannopapa, Isabelle Reymen
SummaryPublic organizations are embracing open innovation (OI) to better serve their societal mission. This study presents a “Strategy Perimeter Framework,” developed and validated at the European Space Agency, to integrate OI into their strategy development. The framework helps manage stakeholder engagement within the strategy perimeter, thereby fostering collaborative innovation. It enables the alignment of stakeholder engagement with a public organization’s adoption of OI, ensuring innovation aligns with societal objectives.
{"title":"Navigating Open Innovation at the European Space Agency: A Strategy for Public Organizations and Their Stakeholders","authors":"Ntorina Antoni, Sharon Dolmans, Christina Giannopapa, Isabelle Reymen","doi":"10.1177/00081256241267026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241267026","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryPublic organizations are embracing open innovation (OI) to better serve their societal mission. This study presents a “Strategy Perimeter Framework,” developed and validated at the European Space Agency, to integrate OI into their strategy development. The framework helps manage stakeholder engagement within the strategy perimeter, thereby fostering collaborative innovation. It enables the alignment of stakeholder engagement with a public organization’s adoption of OI, ensuring innovation aligns with societal objectives.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"383 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1177/00081256241258494
Mahdieh Darvish, Markus Bick, Laura Keresztyen
SummarySince the 1970s, telecommuting has generated significant interest among academics and practitioners alike. However, the topic of flexible working arrangements has become more relevant lately, particularly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As digital technologies continuously advance, immersive workplaces facilitated by technologies such as virtual reality (VR) become more appealing. This article examines the phenomenon of virtual immersive workspaces and their impacts on organizations. It provides insights into the emerging trends driving subsequent immersive technologies that not only foster competitive advantages in the Web3 era but also shed light on the challenges that organizations face in this context. The findings emphasize the key advantages and limitations of implementing VR in the workplace as well as the importance of purposefully designing a set of tools for remote workers.
{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Virtual Immersive Workspaces: Benefits, Limitations, and Implications","authors":"Mahdieh Darvish, Markus Bick, Laura Keresztyen","doi":"10.1177/00081256241258494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241258494","url":null,"abstract":"SummarySince the 1970s, telecommuting has generated significant interest among academics and practitioners alike. However, the topic of flexible working arrangements has become more relevant lately, particularly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As digital technologies continuously advance, immersive workplaces facilitated by technologies such as virtual reality (VR) become more appealing. This article examines the phenomenon of virtual immersive workspaces and their impacts on organizations. It provides insights into the emerging trends driving subsequent immersive technologies that not only foster competitive advantages in the Web3 era but also shed light on the challenges that organizations face in this context. The findings emphasize the key advantages and limitations of implementing VR in the workplace as well as the importance of purposefully designing a set of tools for remote workers.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1177/00081256241258211
Lukas Falcke, Ann-Kristin Zobel
The rise of digital technologies and open innovation has revolutionized innovation practices, creating new opportunities for moving born-physical open innovation settings to metaverse-like virtual environments. This study explores a virtual corporate-startup collaboration program in the energy industry to understand how digital feature usage facilitates trusted relationships and enables successful pilots. This article presents a framework that emphasizes the strategic use of digital information and interaction features for targeting and bonding with partners. Program managers can tackle the unrealized metaverse through ubiquitous program management and overcome social barriers through adaptive social engineering of digital interactions. This article also provides an outlook on evolving technologies and hybrid designs.
{"title":"Open Innovation’s Potential in the Metaverse: Leveraging Digital Features to Build Trust with Partners","authors":"Lukas Falcke, Ann-Kristin Zobel","doi":"10.1177/00081256241258211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256241258211","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of digital technologies and open innovation has revolutionized innovation practices, creating new opportunities for moving born-physical open innovation settings to metaverse-like virtual environments. This study explores a virtual corporate-startup collaboration program in the energy industry to understand how digital feature usage facilitates trusted relationships and enables successful pilots. This article presents a framework that emphasizes the strategic use of digital information and interaction features for targeting and bonding with partners. Program managers can tackle the unrealized metaverse through ubiquitous program management and overcome social barriers through adaptive social engineering of digital interactions. This article also provides an outlook on evolving technologies and hybrid designs.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"297 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141909033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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