Chemie Ingenieur Technik最新文献

The applicability of a fluidically heated spinning disk apparatus (SDA) was tested for investigating the influence of the tangential velocity on the deposition of particulate material systems, in particular on latex particles. First, the SDA was characterized for particle fouling investigations with micro glass beads as a model system, then, a first series of tests was carried out with a real material system, a vinyl acetate/Versa 10 copolymer. Experiments were performed for a duration of 1 h and a tangential velocity up to 0.3 m s⁻¹. The fouling process was characterized by the local fouling layer thickness and the calculated local mass-based fouling resistance. A decrease in fouling resistance along the radius of the rotating disk as a function of the tangential velocity was observed.

As part of the joint research project Carbon2Chem^®, mathematical models are used to simulate operating scenarios of cross-industry networks, in particular chemical plants in industrial environments with high CO₂ emissions. In this context, a cloud-based distributed co-simulation is used to enable the parallelized simulation of a large number of different variants. This enables optimal design of the plant networks and the efficient determination of optimal operating conditions. The architecture of this approach is described, and its performance is examined and evaluated.

Carbon is a key element in industrial production, but CO₂ is also a greenhouse gas whose release into the atmosphere must be avoided. If its generation cannot be avoided for process-related reasons, then a comprehensive carbon management is required to enable climate-neutral production in industry. In the Carbon2Chem^® project, partners from industry and science are successfully researching technical components that enable the implementation of concepts for CO₂ capture and utilization (CCU) as part of carbon management.

Fouling on column internals leads to many malfunctions in chemical processes every year. Despite the importance for the industry, only a few systematic studies exist on the fouling of column internals. Here, a new screening test rig is presented for the rapid and easy characterization of a wide range of internals with respect to their fouling tolerance. A countercurrent of saturated NaCl/water solution and air is used to force crystallization fouling. Photographs help to identify the initial points of fouling on two random packings and provide insights into the growth of deposits. In addition, the fouling tolerance of five different trays is investigated, demonstrating that trays with larger curtain area show greater fouling tolerance.

The energy transition in Germany requires a high amount of new wind turbines and photovoltaic power for supply of new electricity consumers for heat and traffic. In addition, high electricity demand for production of hydrogen has to be supplied. The corresponding planning for transmission system extension does not take into account economic and environmental burden. As an alternative to the planned oversized transmission grid extension, a second bidding zone for Germany is suggested.

Based on the scenario framework 2023‒2037/2045 [1] approved by the German Bundesnetzagentur für Elektrizität, Gas, Telekommunikation, Post und Eisenbahnen, a possible picture of the energy landscape for the case of a completely defossilized energy supply was drawn up with the help of hourly resolved producer and consumer profiles. On this basis, the question was addressed as to whether the hydrogen required for this should be produced domestically and how much decentralized, household-based seasonal storage would relieve the low-voltage grids. An estimate provides reference values for the financial expenditure and the area required to achieve this goal.

Micro heat exchangers improve heat and mass transfer compared to conventional heat exchangers, enabling more energy-efficient applications. However, their sensitivity to fouling limits broader industrial application. This approach presents a combined investigation of fouling and cleaning in microscale heat exchangers using two test rigs. Individual sets of analysis methods are developed to improve the understanding of heat and mass transfer on the microscale. In addition to known methods, such as pressure loss analysis, newly developed and established image analysis techniques are used to monitor fouling and cleaning. Based on the presented methods, it is possible to predict the initial position of thermally induced fouling and to demonstrate the applicability of automated cleaning on the microscale.