1 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran ABSTRACT. Salicylic acid (SA) is a well-known signaling molecule that plays an important role in resistance against pathogens, as well as adaptation to some abiotic stress factors, such as drought, heavy metal toxicity, chilling, heat and osmotic stress and can be a factor effective treatment for plants. The impact of SA on different plant processes under optimal environmental conditions is controversial. Also, SA as a plant growth regulator may have a positive effect on the regulation of physiological and biochemical processes of different plant species, such as seed germination, seed production, respiration, vegetative growth, flower formation and photosynthesis. In addition, SA as a regulator of cell growth, could contribute to maintaining cellular redox homeostasis by induction of the alternative respiratory pathway and the regulation of antioxidant enzymes activity and to regulating gene expression by inducing a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. However, SA may act as a stressor, and may have a negative impact on different plant processes. Recent results indicate that the exogenous application of SA to plants have affect several on many physiological processes, such as control of ion absorption, stomatal closure and transport, reducing of stress and stimulation of growth and differentiation of plants, and also the controlled levels of SA in plants are important for improving performance and adaptation to environmental stimuli and emphasize its important role in plant health and protection. The present study investigated the effect of SA on different plant processes.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF SALICYLIC ACID ON DIFFERENT PLANT PROCESSES – A REVIEW","authors":"A. A. Shadmehri, A. Khatiby","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2020-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2020-020","url":null,"abstract":"1 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran ABSTRACT. Salicylic acid (SA) is a well-known signaling molecule that plays an important role in resistance against pathogens, as well as adaptation to some abiotic stress factors, such as drought, heavy metal toxicity, chilling, heat and osmotic stress and can be a factor effective treatment for plants. The impact of SA on different plant processes under optimal environmental conditions is controversial. Also, SA as a plant growth regulator may have a positive effect on the regulation of physiological and biochemical processes of different plant species, such as seed germination, seed production, respiration, vegetative growth, flower formation and photosynthesis. In addition, SA as a regulator of cell growth, could contribute to maintaining cellular redox homeostasis by induction of the alternative respiratory pathway and the regulation of antioxidant enzymes activity and to regulating gene expression by inducing a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. However, SA may act as a stressor, and may have a negative impact on different plant processes. Recent results indicate that the exogenous application of SA to plants have affect several on many physiological processes, such as control of ion absorption, stomatal closure and transport, reducing of stress and stimulation of growth and differentiation of plants, and also the controlled levels of SA in plants are important for improving performance and adaptation to environmental stimuli and emphasize its important role in plant health and protection. The present study investigated the effect of SA on different plant processes.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"64 1","pages":"233-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80187562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania 2 Suceava Genebank, Romania ABSTRACT. Soil fertility, upon which plant growth and hence crop yield and quality depend, embraces its content of plant food (nutrients), its organic matter content, its structure, its ability to supply water and its depth. Excessive use of fertilizers with nitrogen products of ion nitric accumulation in the soil (temporary) and in plants, which disturbs the balance of photosynthesis, causes the appearance of necrosis and burns on leaves, severe intoxication and even death by asphyxiation phenomena and cyanosis at ruminants, children and old people. One of the ways of soil pollution through agricultural technology is overfertilization and, in particular, the administration of high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Excess of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their empirical application, have negative effects on harvest quality. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of five nitrogen levels and different type of fertilizers on the agrochemical evolution of the chernozemic soil in the superficial horizon. Field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Suceava, Romania, in two growing seasons (2017 and 2018) with five nitrogen levels (80 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha, 160 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 240 kg/ha) and two type of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea).
{"title":"AGROCHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE CHERNOZEMIC SOIL IN THE SUPERFICIAL HORIZON BY DIFFERENTIATED NITROGEN FERTILIZATION","authors":"AdinaPetruta Jipa, D. Murariu","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2020-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2020-011","url":null,"abstract":"1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania 2 Suceava Genebank, Romania ABSTRACT. Soil fertility, upon which plant growth and hence crop yield and quality depend, embraces its content of plant food (nutrients), its organic matter content, its structure, its ability to supply water and its depth. Excessive use of fertilizers with nitrogen products of ion nitric accumulation in the soil (temporary) and in plants, which disturbs the balance of photosynthesis, causes the appearance of necrosis and burns on leaves, severe intoxication and even death by asphyxiation phenomena and cyanosis at ruminants, children and old people. One of the ways of soil pollution through agricultural technology is overfertilization and, in particular, the administration of high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Excess of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their empirical application, have negative effects on harvest quality. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of five nitrogen levels and different type of fertilizers on the agrochemical evolution of the chernozemic soil in the superficial horizon. Field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Suceava, Romania, in two growing seasons (2017 and 2018) with five nitrogen levels (80 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha, 160 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 240 kg/ha) and two type of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea).","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"29 1","pages":"137-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73069495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.46909/10.46909/cerce-2020-021
S. Khadrah, M. Youssef, E. Hafez, A. Rehan
The main objective of study is evaluated some new inbred rice and male sterile varieties under Distinct, Uniform and Stability (DUS) and Value of Cultivated and Used (VCU) Experiments. A number of seven rice varieties were used, Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Sakha 104, Giza 177, Giza 178, Giza182 and Egyptian Yasmine; moreover, GZ. 10154 and GZ 8564-Sp 70, as well as EGMS and CMS1 as promising lines to evaluating by DUS and VCU. The data were recorded on morphological and yield characters. The results could be concluded that: regarding to qualitative characteristics (PQ and QL), from 24 PQ and QL characters, the nine rice varieties recorded the same score for 19 characters; moreover, the rice varieties Egyptian jasmine was dissimilar in the score No. 24, 39, and 60, that referred to this variety belong to Indica type while the rice varieties Sakha 101and Giza 178 were similar only in score no.11, which belong to Japonica and Indica japonica types, that meaning these varieties were highly uniform and stability in qualitative characters than the other promising line GZ10154. Regarding to quantities characteristics (QN), from 27 QN characters, 9 rice varieties recorded the same score for 20 characters; moreover, the rice varieties Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Sakha 104, Giza 177, Giza 178, Giza 182, Egyptian yasmine and GZ 8564-Sp70 were similar in the score no. 1, 12, 23, 48, 49 and 50, while the promising line GZ 10154 was dissimilar in these scores during the two seasons, meaning that all these varieties were highly uniform and stability than the other promising, line GZ 10154. These results were conformed to VCU results, where the studied varieties recorded the highest grain yield/day. From these results could be concluded that all the varieties, except GZ 10154, accepted as a new rice release variety, but the promising line GZ 10154 required to more recurrent selection to increase their uniform, as well as CMS line was accepted could be evaluated under different conditions, but EGMS should be evaluated under heat stress conditions.
{"title":"EVALUATE SOME NEW INBRED RICE AND MALE STERILE VARIETIES UNDER DUS AND VCU EXPERIMENTS","authors":"S. Khadrah, M. Youssef, E. Hafez, A. Rehan","doi":"10.46909/10.46909/cerce-2020-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/10.46909/cerce-2020-021","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of study is evaluated some new inbred rice and male sterile varieties under Distinct, Uniform and Stability (DUS) and Value of Cultivated and Used (VCU) Experiments. A number of seven rice varieties were used, Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Sakha 104, Giza 177, Giza 178, Giza182 and Egyptian Yasmine; moreover, GZ. 10154 and GZ 8564-Sp 70, as well as EGMS and CMS1 as promising lines to evaluating by DUS and VCU. The data were recorded on morphological and yield characters. The results could be concluded that: regarding to qualitative characteristics (PQ and QL), from 24 PQ and QL characters, the nine rice varieties recorded the same score for 19 characters; moreover, the rice varieties Egyptian jasmine was dissimilar in the score No. 24, 39, and 60, that referred to this variety belong to Indica type while the rice varieties Sakha 101and Giza 178 were similar only in score no.11, which belong to Japonica and Indica japonica types, that meaning these varieties were highly uniform and stability in qualitative characters than the other promising line GZ10154. Regarding to quantities characteristics (QN), from 27 QN characters, 9 rice varieties recorded the same score for 20 characters; moreover, the rice varieties Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Sakha 104, Giza 177, Giza 178, Giza 182, Egyptian yasmine and GZ 8564-Sp70 were similar in the score no. 1, 12, 23, 48, 49 and 50, while the promising line GZ 10154 was dissimilar in these scores during the two seasons, meaning that all these varieties were highly uniform and stability than the other promising, line GZ 10154. These results were conformed to VCU results, where the studied varieties recorded the highest grain yield/day. From these results could be concluded that all the varieties, except GZ 10154, accepted as a new rice release variety, but the promising line GZ 10154 required to more recurrent selection to increase their uniform, as well as CMS line was accepted could be evaluated under different conditions, but EGMS should be evaluated under heat stress conditions.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81528951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.46909/CERCE-2019-0031
A. I. Ibrahim, M. Yousry, M. Saad, M. F. Mahmoud, M. Said, A. Ameen
1 Plant Protection Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2 Agricultural Research Station, Barley Research Dept., Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT. Grains of field crops, such as wheat, maize, faba bean and white bean, are considered strategic food for humanity worldwide and Egypt. Unfortunately, percent losses of grains quantity may reach to 15-30%, as a result of stored product insect damage, and the losses increased dramatically in the last years, as an outcome of quickly productions of these pests. Experiments were conducted on infrared thermal imaging that demonstrate early detection of infestation by stored product insects in wheat, maize, broad bean, white bean and bean grains. The imaging is dependent on subtle significant differences in temperature between infested and healthy grains. Because the thermal imaging data are digital, computer programs can be used to analysis differences in temperature and mining figures explained for that. Results revealed that the use of thermal imaging offers an alternative method to detect an insect infestation. Data concluded that thermal imaging has the potential to identify whether the grains of crops that tested are infested or not, but is less effective in identifying which developmental stage is present. Moreover, it could apply this technique easily on a large scale in silos, storage, mills and granaries without negative impact on quality of stored grains.
{"title":"INFRARED THERMAL IMAGING AS AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH FOR EARLY DETECTION INFESTATION OF STORED PRODUCT INSECTS IN CERTAIN STORED GRAINS","authors":"A. I. Ibrahim, M. Yousry, M. Saad, M. F. Mahmoud, M. Said, A. Ameen","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2019-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2019-0031","url":null,"abstract":"1 Plant Protection Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2 Agricultural Research Station, Barley Research Dept., Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT. Grains of field crops, such as wheat, maize, faba bean and white bean, are considered strategic food for humanity worldwide and Egypt. Unfortunately, percent losses of grains quantity may reach to 15-30%, as a result of stored product insect damage, and the losses increased dramatically in the last years, as an outcome of quickly productions of these pests. Experiments were conducted on infrared thermal imaging that demonstrate early detection of infestation by stored product insects in wheat, maize, broad bean, white bean and bean grains. The imaging is dependent on subtle significant differences in temperature between infested and healthy grains. Because the thermal imaging data are digital, computer programs can be used to analysis differences in temperature and mining figures explained for that. Results revealed that the use of thermal imaging offers an alternative method to detect an insect infestation. Data concluded that thermal imaging has the potential to identify whether the grains of crops that tested are infested or not, but is less effective in identifying which developmental stage is present. Moreover, it could apply this technique easily on a large scale in silos, storage, mills and granaries without negative impact on quality of stored grains.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"27 1","pages":"321-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77043943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.46909/CERCE-2019-0039
O. Bamiwuye, B. Adisa, K. Adeloye, Michael Famakinwa
1 Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Osun State University Osogbo Ejigbo Campus, Ejigbo, Osun State, Nigeria 2 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria ABSTRACT. The study examined the participation of rural women in exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), as a means of sustainable livelihood in Southwestern Nigeria. A number of 320 respondents were interviewed through pre-tested structured interview schedule in the four purposively selected forest reserves using a multistage sampling procedure. Data collected were presented using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age and mean year of experience in NTFPs exploitation were 40.9 ± 11.5 years and16.4±3.4 years, respectively. NTFPs participated by the respondents in the study area were palm fruits, vegetables, snails and fire wood among others. Actor categories identify in the NTFPs business chain were collectors, processors, traders among others. In addition, majority of the respondents show willingness to continue in NTFPs exploitation irrespective of alternative livelihood. The findings revealed that age (t=2.39), number of hours of collection per week (t=3.48), years of experience of NTFPs exploitation (t= -3.88) and external orientation (t=2.20) of respondents significantly contributed to their participation in NTFPs exploitation. The study concludes that participation in NTFPs exploitation by the respondents was moderate. It was recommended that more enlightenment programmes should be organized by relevant stakeholders for the rural women to create awareness on the income generation opportunities that abound in the NTFPs activities.
{"title":"PARTICIPATION OF RURAL WOMEN IN EXPLOITATION OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS AS A MEANS OF SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA","authors":"O. Bamiwuye, B. Adisa, K. Adeloye, Michael Famakinwa","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2019-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2019-0039","url":null,"abstract":"1 Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Osun State University Osogbo Ejigbo Campus, Ejigbo, Osun State, Nigeria 2 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria ABSTRACT. The study examined the participation of rural women in exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), as a means of sustainable livelihood in Southwestern Nigeria. A number of 320 respondents were interviewed through pre-tested structured interview schedule in the four purposively selected forest reserves using a multistage sampling procedure. Data collected were presented using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age and mean year of experience in NTFPs exploitation were 40.9 ± 11.5 years and16.4±3.4 years, respectively. NTFPs participated by the respondents in the study area were palm fruits, vegetables, snails and fire wood among others. Actor categories identify in the NTFPs business chain were collectors, processors, traders among others. In addition, majority of the respondents show willingness to continue in NTFPs exploitation irrespective of alternative livelihood. The findings revealed that age (t=2.39), number of hours of collection per week (t=3.48), years of experience of NTFPs exploitation (t= -3.88) and external orientation (t=2.20) of respondents significantly contributed to their participation in NTFPs exploitation. The study concludes that participation in NTFPs exploitation by the respondents was moderate. It was recommended that more enlightenment programmes should be organized by relevant stakeholders for the rural women to create awareness on the income generation opportunities that abound in the NTFPs activities.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"17 1","pages":"410-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75008490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The evaluation and computation of yield stability of a genotype over environments is a critical component of a certain breeding program. The present study was intended to screen 11 advance chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes and one check for genotype × environment interaction (G × E) at six locations with varying micro and macro climatic conditions for yield correlated phenotypic characters. A number of 11 advanced genotypes of chickpea and one check variety were assessed for their adaptability at six different locations of Bangladesh. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was chosen to experiment. The means were used to compute Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis of variance, followed by regression analysis to measure × E. The regression analysis showed significant genotype × environment interaction for all the phenotypic characters. The mean values of days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant and seed yield were highly significant for linear, as well as non-linear components of G × E. Chickpea yield was significantly (p< 0.01) affected by genotypes, the environments and G × E interaction, indicating that the varieties and the test environments were diverse. G × E was further partitioned by principal component axes. The first two principal components cumulatively explained 86.59% of the total variation, of which 53.34% and 33.25% were contributed by IPCA1 and IPCA2, respectively. The AMMI stability value discriminated genotypes G2 (BCX 09010-9), G3 (BCX 09010-2) and G8 (BCX 01008-4) the stable genotypes. The investigated genotypes exhibited varying adaptability in different environments. Genotypes G3 (BCX 09010-9) and G9 (BCX 01008-3) were stable genotypes with high yield over a wide range of environments are promising candidate chickpea varieties.
{"title":"ADAPTIBILITY PERFORMANCES OF CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS FOR STABILITY OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS","authors":"M. Azam, M. A. Hossain, J. Hossain, M. O. Ali","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2020-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2020-005","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation and computation of yield stability of a genotype over environments is a critical component of a certain breeding program. The present study was intended to screen 11 advance chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes and one check for genotype × environment interaction (G × E) at six locations with varying micro and macro climatic conditions for yield correlated phenotypic characters. A number of 11 advanced genotypes of chickpea and one check variety were assessed for their adaptability at six different locations of Bangladesh. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was chosen to experiment. The means were used to compute Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis of variance, followed by regression analysis to measure × E. The regression analysis showed significant genotype × environment interaction for all the phenotypic characters. The mean values of days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant and seed yield were highly significant for linear, as well as non-linear components of G × E. Chickpea yield was significantly (p< 0.01) affected by genotypes, the environments and G × E interaction, indicating that the varieties and the test environments were diverse. G × E was further partitioned by principal component axes. The first two principal components cumulatively explained 86.59% of the total variation, of which 53.34% and 33.25% were contributed by IPCA1 and IPCA2, respectively. The AMMI stability value discriminated genotypes G2 (BCX 09010-9), G3 (BCX 09010-2) and G8 (BCX 01008-4) the stable genotypes. The investigated genotypes exhibited varying adaptability in different environments. Genotypes G3 (BCX 09010-9) and G9 (BCX 01008-3) were stable genotypes with high yield over a wide range of environments are promising candidate chickpea varieties.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"10 1 1","pages":"62-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77897510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1 Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh 2 Department of Agriculture Extension, Sirajganj, Bangladesh ABSTRACT. Three separate field experiments were conducted to exploit biomass yield potential of dhaincha (Sesbania species) by different cultural practices. A total of six accessions from three Sesbania species, viz. S. bispinosa (#05, 71, 77 and 109), S. cannabina (#28) and S. sesban (#81), were used as experimental materials. Experimental treatments were population densities, viz. 180, 240 and 300 plants m; sowing dates, viz. 30 April, 15 May, 30 May and 15 June, and fertilizer doses, viz. 0 (without N/control), 10, 20 and 30 kg N ha. All the experiments were designed following randomized complete block design with three replications. Experiments on population density and sowing dates were conducted in control condition (without any fertilizer application). The N-fertilizer was applied as top dress at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and crops were harvested at 60 DAS. The maximum biomass (10.07 t ha) was obtained from 240 plants m. At 30 April sowing, plants produced the tallest height (199.69 cm), widest base diameter (1.02 cm), highest fresh weight (62.07 t ha) and biomass yield (14.73 t ha). There were no significant differences in biomass yield and yield contributing descriptors between 20 and 30 kg N ha. Among the species, S. bispinosa was the best performer in terms of biomass yield and yield contributing descriptors. It may be concluded that S. bispinosa (accession #71) could be cultivated with the population density 240 plants m, at 30 April, without any fertilizer application. In case of later sowing/cultivation, the 20 kg N ha could be applied for the maximization of biomass yield.
1孟加拉国农业大学作物植物学系植物系统学实验室，孟加拉国迈门辛格2农业推广部，孟加拉国西拉甘通过3个独立的田间试验，研究了不同栽培方式下大樱草的生物量产量潜力。以三种田葵属植物(S. bispinosa，编号05、71、77和109)、S. cannabina(编号28)和S. sesban(编号81)共6份材料为实验材料。试验处理为种群密度分别为180、240和300株/ m;播种日期分别为4月30日、5月15日、5月30日和6月15日，施肥剂量分别为0(无氮/对照)、10、20和30公斤N公顷。所有试验采用随机完全区组设计，3个重复。在对照条件下(不施肥)进行种群密度和播期试验。播后30 d施氮作追肥，60 d收割。在4月30日播种时，植株高度最高(199.69 cm)，基部直径最宽(1.02 cm)，鲜重最高(62.07 t ha)，生物量最高(14.73 t ha)。在20和30 kg N ha之间，生物量产量和产量贡献描述符无显著差异。在生物量产量和产量贡献描述符方面，双皮草表现最好。结果表明，在4月30日，在不施肥的情况下，可以种群密度为240株m的条件下栽培双色木耳(登记号71)。播后栽培时，可施用20 kg N / ha，生物量产量最大化。
{"title":"BIOMASS YIELD ENHANCEMENT OF DHAINCHA (SESBANIA SPECIES) THROUGH CULTURAL PRACTICES","authors":"S. Chanda, M. A. Razzak, M. Hossain, A. Sarwar","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2020-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2020-014","url":null,"abstract":"1 Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh 2 Department of Agriculture Extension, Sirajganj, Bangladesh ABSTRACT. Three separate field experiments were conducted to exploit biomass yield potential of dhaincha (Sesbania species) by different cultural practices. A total of six accessions from three Sesbania species, viz. S. bispinosa (#05, 71, 77 and 109), S. cannabina (#28) and S. sesban (#81), were used as experimental materials. Experimental treatments were population densities, viz. 180, 240 and 300 plants m; sowing dates, viz. 30 April, 15 May, 30 May and 15 June, and fertilizer doses, viz. 0 (without N/control), 10, 20 and 30 kg N ha. All the experiments were designed following randomized complete block design with three replications. Experiments on population density and sowing dates were conducted in control condition (without any fertilizer application). The N-fertilizer was applied as top dress at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and crops were harvested at 60 DAS. The maximum biomass (10.07 t ha) was obtained from 240 plants m. At 30 April sowing, plants produced the tallest height (199.69 cm), widest base diameter (1.02 cm), highest fresh weight (62.07 t ha) and biomass yield (14.73 t ha). There were no significant differences in biomass yield and yield contributing descriptors between 20 and 30 kg N ha. Among the species, S. bispinosa was the best performer in terms of biomass yield and yield contributing descriptors. It may be concluded that S. bispinosa (accession #71) could be cultivated with the population density 240 plants m, at 30 April, without any fertilizer application. In case of later sowing/cultivation, the 20 kg N ha could be applied for the maximization of biomass yield.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"118 1","pages":"160-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81673282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.46909/CERCE-2019-0035
I. Zouagri, F. Bekhouche, A. Kheloufi, L. Nouri
The ability to reuse treated wastewater (TWW) would be of significant benefit to agriculture whilst at the same time providing a valuable water resource. This study concerned the effects of three various levels of treated wastewater (0%, 50% and 100% TWW) on seed germination and plant development of three different varieties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) (viz. Toufan, Heinz and Bouzina). Irrigation with TWW persisted 15 days for the germination stage and 120 days for the growth and development stage. A control plot irrigated with a pure water (groundwater) was also set up in order to compare the seeds and the plants response to different concentrations of irrigation water. The final germination was expressed as a percentage of the total number of seeds in each treatment. This study has demonstrated that treated wastewater improves the germination in Heinz variety and had no effect on both Toufan and Bouzina varieties whether it is pure or diluted by half. For the growth stage, the statistical analysis showed that the Toufan variety has tolerated successfully the TWW irrigation with its high and moderate concentrations, and this by analysing all the morpho-physiological parameters studied in this work (leaves numbers, stem and root length and dry biomass, relative water content and rate water loss).
{"title":"SEED GERMINATION AND MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM) VARIETIES \u0000IRRIGATED WITH TREATED WASTEWATER","authors":"I. Zouagri, F. Bekhouche, A. Kheloufi, L. Nouri","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2019-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2019-0035","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to reuse treated wastewater (TWW) would be of significant benefit to agriculture whilst at the same time providing a valuable water resource. This study concerned the effects of three various levels of treated wastewater (0%, 50% and 100% TWW) on seed germination and plant development of three different varieties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) (viz. Toufan, Heinz and Bouzina). Irrigation with TWW persisted 15 days for the germination stage and 120 days for the growth and development stage. A control plot irrigated with a pure water (groundwater) was also set up in order to compare the seeds and the plants response to different concentrations of irrigation water. The final germination was expressed as a percentage of the total number of seeds in each treatment. This study has demonstrated that treated wastewater improves the germination in Heinz variety and had no effect on both Toufan and Bouzina varieties whether it is pure or diluted by half. For the growth stage, the statistical analysis showed that the Toufan variety has tolerated successfully the TWW irrigation with its high and moderate concentrations, and this by analysing all the morpho-physiological parameters studied in this work (leaves numbers, stem and root length and dry biomass, relative water content and rate water loss).","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85579820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Adebisi, O. Adebisi, A. Opakunle, U. G. Asogwa, C. Farayola, T. Daodu
1 General Management Division, Agricultural Development Management Department, Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin, Nigeria 2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria 3 Extension Management Division, Rural Development and Gender issue, Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin, Nigeria 4 Reseach Division, Training Technology Department, Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin, Nigeria ABSTRACT. This study examines the effect of farmer-herdsmen conflict on poverty status of crop farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria. Primary data was used for the study and a three stage sampling technique was adopted in the selection of the respondents. A structured questionnaire was used for the purpose of extracting needed information from 110 crop farming households selected for the study. The data collected were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) Index, and Tobit regression model. The result of prevalence of poverty among the farming households, who experienced conflict and those who didn’t in the study area, was 19.23% and 10.34%, while the intensity of poverty was 1.38 and 0.99%, respectively. The severity of poverty, which measures the extent of poverty, shows poverty was more severe among the poor who experienced conflict with a poverty index of 0.0002 than the poor who didn’t experienced conflict, who had index of 0.0001. The Tobit regression model, which measured the effects of farmer-herdsmen conflict on poverty status of the farming household, indicates that the likelihood of being poor were more with large farming households, noneducated farming household heads, small farm size, low farm income households, low off-farm income and occurrence of conflict. The study therefore recommends that governments should designate some areas for the herdsmen as grazing field and also establish grazing reserves and communities in all the states, so as to reduce farmers-herdsmen conflict.
{"title":"EFFECT OF FARMER-HERDSMEN CONFLICT ON POVERTY STATUS OF FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"L. Adebisi, O. Adebisi, A. Opakunle, U. G. Asogwa, C. Farayola, T. Daodu","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2020-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2020-017","url":null,"abstract":"1 General Management Division, Agricultural Development Management Department, Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin, Nigeria 2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria 3 Extension Management Division, Rural Development and Gender issue, Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin, Nigeria 4 Reseach Division, Training Technology Department, Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin, Nigeria ABSTRACT. This study examines the effect of farmer-herdsmen conflict on poverty status of crop farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria. Primary data was used for the study and a three stage sampling technique was adopted in the selection of the respondents. A structured questionnaire was used for the purpose of extracting needed information from 110 crop farming households selected for the study. The data collected were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) Index, and Tobit regression model. The result of prevalence of poverty among the farming households, who experienced conflict and those who didn’t in the study area, was 19.23% and 10.34%, while the intensity of poverty was 1.38 and 0.99%, respectively. The severity of poverty, which measures the extent of poverty, shows poverty was more severe among the poor who experienced conflict with a poverty index of 0.0002 than the poor who didn’t experienced conflict, who had index of 0.0001. The Tobit regression model, which measured the effects of farmer-herdsmen conflict on poverty status of the farming household, indicates that the likelihood of being poor were more with large farming households, noneducated farming household heads, small farm size, low farm income households, low off-farm income and occurrence of conflict. The study therefore recommends that governments should designate some areas for the herdsmen as grazing field and also establish grazing reserves and communities in all the states, so as to reduce farmers-herdsmen conflict.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"2015 1","pages":"195-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86120800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.46909/CERCE-2019-0037
F. Moradinezhad
1 Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran ABSTRACT. In order to improve the quality and extend the shelf life of bananas after gassing with ethylene at commercial treatment during transportation and storage the simultaneous application of ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene were examined. Fruit were treated with 100 μL L of ethylene for two consecutive days as a control, followed by 20 min ventilation each day, or simultaneously exposed to 1-MCP at different concentrations (30, 100 or 300 nL L on the first day or second day, or treated with 1-MCP alone on the third day at 22oC. Fruit from each treatment were used to evaluate external and internal quality parameters and shelf life. The results showed that shelf life increased significantly, compared to the control when 1-MCP was applied coincidently with ethylene in the second day and reapplied alone in the third day. The highest increase in shelf life (125%) was obtained when 1-MCP was applied on the second day at 30 nL L simultaneously with ethylene and at 300 nL L alone on the third day, compared to the control in both harvest months. We conclude that simultaneous application of 1-MCP is more effective than the more common method of extending banana shelf life through application of 1-MCP after ethylene treatment.
{"title":"DURATION AND CONCENTRATION OF\u00001-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE TREATMENT:\u0000IMPACT ON RIPENING AND SHELF LIFE OF PARTIALLY RIPENED BANANAS","authors":"F. Moradinezhad","doi":"10.46909/CERCE-2019-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46909/CERCE-2019-0037","url":null,"abstract":"1 Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran ABSTRACT. In order to improve the quality and extend the shelf life of bananas after gassing with ethylene at commercial treatment during transportation and storage the simultaneous application of ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene were examined. Fruit were treated with 100 μL L of ethylene for two consecutive days as a control, followed by 20 min ventilation each day, or simultaneously exposed to 1-MCP at different concentrations (30, 100 or 300 nL L on the first day or second day, or treated with 1-MCP alone on the third day at 22oC. Fruit from each treatment were used to evaluate external and internal quality parameters and shelf life. The results showed that shelf life increased significantly, compared to the control when 1-MCP was applied coincidently with ethylene in the second day and reapplied alone in the third day. The highest increase in shelf life (125%) was obtained when 1-MCP was applied on the second day at 30 nL L simultaneously with ethylene and at 300 nL L alone on the third day, compared to the control in both harvest months. We conclude that simultaneous application of 1-MCP is more effective than the more common method of extending banana shelf life through application of 1-MCP after ethylene treatment.","PeriodicalId":9937,"journal":{"name":"Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova","volume":"100 1","pages":"388-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74421812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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