Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.002
Sisi Liu , Chunli Chen
Auxins were the first of the major plant hormones and played key roles in plant growth and development. Auxin triggered gene expression through several mechanisms. The canonical textbook model is that auxin binds to TIR1/AFB receptors and stabilizes their interaction with Aux/IAA repressors, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation, which results in activation of ARFs transcription factors. The recent study published in Nature by Jiří Friml and co-authors updated the view on gene expression regulated by auxin. The role of TIR-produced cAMP was confirmed to be the second messenger in transcriptional auxin signaling. The conclusions raised in this Nature article shift the paradigm about the regulation of plant growth and development by auxin to the modulation of cAMP production and its interaction with candidate targets.
{"title":"cAMP: the true second messenger in transcriptional auxin signaling","authors":"Sisi Liu , Chunli Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Auxins were the first of the major plant hormones and played key roles in plant growth and development. Auxin triggered gene expression through several mechanisms. The canonical textbook model is that auxin binds to TIR1/AFB receptors and stabilizes their interaction with Aux/IAA repressors, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation, which results in activation of ARFs transcription factors. The recent study published in Nature by Jiří Friml and co-authors updated the view on gene expression regulated by auxin. The role of TIR-produced cAMP was confirmed to be the second messenger in transcriptional auxin signaling. The conclusions raised in this Nature article shift the paradigm about the regulation of plant growth and development by auxin to the modulation of cAMP production and its interaction with candidate targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 173-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.003
Adriana Morfín-Gutiérrez , Josué Israel García-López , Norma A. Ruiz-Torres , Perpetuo Álvarez-Vázquez , Agustín Hernández-Juárez
Micronutrient deficiency is a significant global issue that results in diets lacking adequate vitamins and minerals. Low nutrient levels are primarily attributed to crops cultivated in soils with insufficient nutrient concentration and availability, compounded by abiotic stress that adversely affects proper plant growth and development. The introduction of alternative crops through nanotechnology has emerged as a widely adopted strategy for enhancing sustainable crop production. This approach harnesses various nanoparticles, minimizing the environmental impact associated with traditional chemical fertilizers. Ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm, these nanoparticles exhibit diverse morphologies, enabling easy internalization into plants via stomata and roots. Once absorbed, they are transported to the xylem and undergo numerous physiological and metabolic processes. Consequently, employing nanoparticles as nanofertilizers, applicable through foliar or root methods, and pre-germination treatments for seeds, represents a promising solution for crop biofortification and, ultimately, addressing global malnutrition concerns.
{"title":"Small-giants in agriculture: How can nanoparticles improve cereal biofortification?","authors":"Adriana Morfín-Gutiérrez , Josué Israel García-López , Norma A. Ruiz-Torres , Perpetuo Álvarez-Vázquez , Agustín Hernández-Juárez","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micronutrient deficiency is a significant global issue that results in diets lacking adequate vitamins and minerals. Low nutrient levels are primarily attributed to crops cultivated in soils with insufficient nutrient concentration and availability, compounded by abiotic stress that adversely affects proper plant growth and development. The introduction of alternative crops through nanotechnology has emerged as a widely adopted strategy for enhancing sustainable crop production. This approach harnesses various nanoparticles, minimizing the environmental impact associated with traditional chemical fertilizers. Ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm, these nanoparticles exhibit diverse morphologies, enabling easy internalization into plants via stomata and roots. Once absorbed, they are transported to the xylem and undergo numerous physiological and metabolic processes. Consequently, employing nanoparticles as nanofertilizers, applicable through foliar or root methods, and pre-germination treatments for seeds, represents a promising solution for crop biofortification and, ultimately, addressing global malnutrition concerns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Developing novel anti-infective drugs is essential to combat antimicrobial resistance, address emerging pathogens, and safeguard global health against evolving infectious threats. A recent publication in the esteemed journal Nature by Qisen Deng et al. reported on the comprehensive evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of mandimycin against multidrug-resistant (MDR) fungal pathogens. The polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic, mandimycin, was discovered using a phylogeny-guided natural-product discovery platform. Authors utilized various in vivo mouse models such as systemic and soft-tissue infections to assess the antifungal activity of mandimycin. The efficacy was measured by quantifying the fungal burden in major organs and assessing survival rates. In systemic infections, mandimycin demonstrated significant dose-dependent antifungal efficacy, as compared to amphotericin B, particularly in cases where the latter was ineffective against MDR C. auris. Furthermore, mandimycin showed a favorable safety profile, with low toxicity and no observed side effects at effective doses. The study's findings contribute valuable insights into the potential of mandimycin as a novel antifungal agent, offering hope for improved treatment options against challenging fungal infections. The results pave the way for further research and clinical applications in the fight against antifungal resistance.
{"title":"Mandimycin: A phospholipid-targeting natural polyene macrolide overcoming multidrug resistance in invasive fungal infections","authors":"Gizachew Mulugeta Manahelohe , Xin-Ying Zhao , Jie Gao , Zhaoxia Chen , Bing Jin , Qiang Sha , Yu-Cheng Gu , Ming-Zhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing novel anti-infective drugs is essential to combat antimicrobial resistance, address emerging pathogens, and safeguard global health against evolving infectious threats. A recent publication in the esteemed journal <em>Nature</em> by Qisen Deng et al. reported on the comprehensive evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of mandimycin against multidrug-resistant (MDR) fungal pathogens. The polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic, mandimycin, was discovered using a phylogeny-guided natural-product discovery platform. Authors utilized various <em>in vivo</em> mouse models such as systemic and soft-tissue infections to assess the antifungal activity of mandimycin. The efficacy was measured by quantifying the fungal burden in major organs and assessing survival rates. In systemic infections, mandimycin demonstrated significant dose-dependent antifungal efficacy, as compared to amphotericin B, particularly in cases where the latter was ineffective against MDR <em>C. auris</em>. Furthermore, mandimycin showed a favorable safety profile, with low toxicity and no observed side effects at effective doses. The study's findings contribute valuable insights into the potential of mandimycin as a novel antifungal agent, offering hope for improved treatment options against challenging fungal infections. The results pave the way for further research and clinical applications in the fight against antifungal resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 169-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2025.03.001
Shutian Liu, Zenglong Chen
Plants have evolved complex immune networks to adapt to survival needs, and their immune mechanisms have unique regulatory patterns to cope with different environments. In rice, the maintenance of immune balance involves the synergistic action of many factors. Yue Wu et al. 's latest research results on the immunomodulatory mechanism of rice (ROD1 and the interaction between various proteins in rice) are introduced in this paper.
{"title":"Science:Core regulator of rice immunity: The role of classical protein complexes on homeostasis and multipathogen resistance","authors":"Shutian Liu, Zenglong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants have evolved complex immune networks to adapt to survival needs, and their immune mechanisms have unique regulatory patterns to cope with different environments. In rice, the maintenance of immune balance involves the synergistic action of many factors. Yue Wu et al. 's latest research results on the immunomodulatory mechanism of rice (<em>ROD1</em> and the interaction between various proteins in rice) are introduced in this paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 99-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2024.11.007
Peng Dai , Zihua Ma , Huizhen Xue , Kaili Xie , Yufei Li , Yafang Sun , Qing Xia , Mingzhi Zhang , Yu-Cheng Gu , Weihua Zhang
To develop new environmentally friendly fungicides, we designed and synthesized a novel series of D/L-configured camphor oxime ester derivatives based on the natural product camphor as a lead compound. We investigated the in vitro antifungal activity of these compounds against six common plant pathogenic fungi. Among them, compounds B1-6, B1-17 and B2-6 displayed great in vitro activity against Rhizoctonia solani with EC50 values of 7.28, 4.64, and 7.62 μg/mL. The HOMO and LUMO calculations indicated that strong electron-withdrawing halogen elements exhibit better activity compared to electron-donating alkyl groups. Preliminary mechanistic studies, using SEM and TEM, indicated that compound B1-17 induced disordered entanglement of hyphae, shrinkage of hyphal surfaces, and vacuole swelling and rupture, which disrupted normal hyphal growth. Additionally, compound B1-17 induced the production and accumulation of ROS, disrupted MMP, and effectively inhibited the germination and formation of sclerotia in Rhizoctonia solani. These compounds hold potential as new antifungal agents for further research.
{"title":"Discovery of novel D/L-camphor derivatives containing oxime ester as fungicide candidates: Antifungal activity, structure-activity relationship and preliminary mechanistic study","authors":"Peng Dai , Zihua Ma , Huizhen Xue , Kaili Xie , Yufei Li , Yafang Sun , Qing Xia , Mingzhi Zhang , Yu-Cheng Gu , Weihua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To develop new environmentally friendly fungicides, we designed and synthesized a novel series of D/L-configured camphor oxime ester derivatives based on the natural product camphor as a lead compound. We investigated the <em>in vitro</em> antifungal activity of these compounds against six common plant pathogenic fungi. Among them, compounds B1-6, B1-17 and B2-6 displayed great <em>in vitro</em> activity against <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> with EC<sub>50</sub> values of 7.28, 4.64, and 7.62 μg/mL. The HOMO and LUMO calculations indicated that strong electron-withdrawing halogen elements exhibit better activity compared to electron-donating alkyl groups. Preliminary mechanistic studies, using SEM and TEM, indicated that compound B1-17 induced disordered entanglement of hyphae, shrinkage of hyphal surfaces, and vacuole swelling and rupture, which disrupted normal hyphal growth. Additionally, compound B1-17 induced the production and accumulation of ROS, disrupted MMP, and effectively inhibited the germination and formation of sclerotia in <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>. These compounds hold potential as new antifungal agents for further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2025.01.001
Huanyu Cai , Jie Li , Jun Li, Huailong Teng
Melatonin (N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an endogenously synthesized indoleamine, exerts pleiotropic effects in plant physiology by interacting with other phytohormones, thereby synergistically regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. Recent research has also indicated that melatonin derivatives could be further developed as promising antifungal candidates. Given the significant roles of melatonin, considerable efforts have been devoted to studying its potent functions and underlying mechanisms. This review outlines recent advancements in understanding the roles of melatonin in regulating plant growth and its potential synergistic interactions with pathogens. Additionally, we present our perspectives aimed at elucidating the antifungal mechanisms of melatonin and its derivatives, which could facilitate the development of naturally sourced fungicides and offer innovative strategies for pesticide discovery.
{"title":"Melatonin—Angel of plant growth regulation and protection","authors":"Huanyu Cai , Jie Li , Jun Li, Huailong Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melatonin (<em>N</em>-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an endogenously synthesized indoleamine, exerts pleiotropic effects in plant physiology by interacting with other phytohormones, thereby synergistically regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. Recent research has also indicated that melatonin derivatives could be further developed as promising antifungal candidates. Given the significant roles of melatonin, considerable efforts have been devoted to studying its potent functions and underlying mechanisms. This review outlines recent advancements in understanding the roles of melatonin in regulating plant growth and its potential synergistic interactions with pathogens. Additionally, we present our perspectives aimed at elucidating the antifungal mechanisms of melatonin and its derivatives, which could facilitate the development of naturally sourced fungicides and offer innovative strategies for pesticide discovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 114-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2024.07.004
Sonia Bisht, Ranjana, Swapnila Roy
Context
In the dynamic and constantly evolving world of agriculture, promoting innovation and ensuring sustainable growth are crucial. A planned division of tasks and responsibilities within agricultural systems, known as efficient role allocation, is necessary to make this vision a reality. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) movement enjoys widespread support from the research and development community because it seeks to improve livelihoods in response to climate change.
Objective
This study explores an innovative approach to optimizing role assignment within agricultural frameworks to effectively scale AI-driven innovations. By leveraging advanced algorithms and machine learning techniques, the research aims to streamline the allocation of tasks and responsibilities among various stakeholders, including farmers, agronomists, technicians, and AI systems.
Methods
The methodology involves the development of a dynamic role assignment model that considers factors such as expertise, resource availability, and real-time environmental data. This model is tested in various agricultural scenarios to evaluate its impact on operational efficiency and innovation scalability. The findings demonstrate that optimized role assignment not only enhances the performance of AI applications but also fosters a collaborative ecosystem that is adaptable to changing agricultural demands.
Results
& Discussion:This research finds a number of elements that affect how well duties are distributed within agricultural frameworks, including organizational frameworks, leadership, resource accessibility, and cooperative efforts through AI. In addition to advocating for its comprehensive integration into the sector's culture, this paper offers a collection of best practices and techniques for optimizing role allocation in agriculture. Additionally, the study gives a thorough overview, summary, and analysis of a few papers that are specifically concerned with scaling innovation in the field of agricultural research for development.
Significance
Furthermore, the study highlights the potential of AI to transform traditional farming practices, reduce labor-intensive processes, and improve decision-making accuracy. The proposed approach serves as a blueprint for agricultural enterprises aiming to adopt AI technologies while ensuring optimal utilization of human and technological resources. By addressing the challenges of role ambiguity and resource allocation, this research contributes to the broader goal of achieving sustainable and resilient agricultural systems through technological innovation.
{"title":"Optimizing role assignment for scaling innovations through AI in agricultural frameworks: An effective approach","authors":"Sonia Bisht, Ranjana, Swapnila Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>In the dynamic and constantly evolving world of agriculture, promoting innovation and ensuring sustainable growth are crucial. A planned division of tasks and responsibilities within agricultural systems, known as efficient role allocation, is necessary to make this vision a reality. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) movement enjoys widespread support from the research and development community because it seeks to improve livelihoods in response to climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study explores an innovative approach to optimizing role assignment within agricultural frameworks to effectively scale AI-driven innovations. By leveraging advanced algorithms and machine learning techniques, the research aims to streamline the allocation of tasks and responsibilities among various stakeholders, including farmers, agronomists, technicians, and AI systems.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The methodology involves the development of a dynamic role assignment model that considers factors such as expertise, resource availability, and real-time environmental data. This model is tested in various agricultural scenarios to evaluate its impact on operational efficiency and innovation scalability. The findings demonstrate that optimized role assignment not only enhances the performance of AI applications but also fosters a collaborative ecosystem that is adaptable to changing agricultural demands.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>& Discussion:This research finds a number of elements that affect how well duties are distributed within agricultural frameworks, including organizational frameworks, leadership, resource accessibility, and cooperative efforts through AI. In addition to advocating for its comprehensive integration into the sector's culture, this paper offers a collection of best practices and techniques for optimizing role allocation in agriculture. Additionally, the study gives a thorough overview, summary, and analysis of a few papers that are specifically concerned with scaling innovation in the field of agricultural research for development<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Furthermore, the study highlights the potential of AI to transform traditional farming practices, reduce labor-intensive processes, and improve decision-making accuracy. The proposed approach serves as a blueprint for agricultural enterprises aiming to adopt AI technologies while ensuring optimal utilization of human and technological resources. By addressing the challenges of role ambiguity and resource allocation, this research contributes to the broader goal of achieving sustainable and resilient agricultural systems through technological innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 106-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2025.01.004
Ziling Zhu , Mengzhu Jia, Hao Zhou, Fan Wang
Pesticides are integral to agricultural productivity and food security. Despite the notable advancements in Computer Aided Drug Design (CADD) and Artificial Intelligence Drug Discovery (AIDD) in pharmaceuticals, their application in the pesticide sector remains underutilized. The complexity and non-user-friendly interfaces of these technologies have impeded their adoption by non-specialists, reducing their influence on pesticide creation. To overcome these obstacles, the Pesticide Discovery Artificial Intelligence (PDAI), a pioneering platform specifically tailored for the molecular design of pesticides would be a very useful tool. PDAI streamlines the innovation process, from target identification to the generation of viable pesticide candidates, optimizing key steps and simplifying the overall design workflow. This user-friendly platform significantly reduces the barriers for non-specialists, making the pesticide design process more accessible and cost-effective. Its innovative strategy promotes interdisciplinary cooperation and accessibility, inviting a broader community to advance pesticide research. For more comprehensive information of PDAI, please click on the website https://digitalpesticide.com.
{"title":"PDAI: A green pesticide molecule design technology platform driven by high-performance computing and artificial intelligence","authors":"Ziling Zhu , Mengzhu Jia, Hao Zhou, Fan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pesticides are integral to agricultural productivity and food security. Despite the notable advancements in Computer Aided Drug Design (CADD) and Artificial Intelligence Drug Discovery (AIDD) in pharmaceuticals, their application in the pesticide sector remains underutilized. The complexity and non-user-friendly interfaces of these technologies have impeded their adoption by non-specialists, reducing their influence on pesticide creation. To overcome these obstacles, the Pesticide Discovery Artificial Intelligence (PDAI), a pioneering platform specifically tailored for the molecular design of pesticides would be a very useful tool. PDAI streamlines the innovation process, from target identification to the generation of viable pesticide candidates, optimizing key steps and simplifying the overall design workflow. This user-friendly platform significantly reduces the barriers for non-specialists, making the pesticide design process more accessible and cost-effective. Its innovative strategy promotes interdisciplinary cooperation and accessibility, inviting a broader community to advance pesticide research. For more comprehensive information of PDAI, please click on the website <span><span>https://digitalpesticide.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 157-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2024.10.001
Qiye Wu, Jinchun Xie, Junfu Li, Yongjun Men
The root system actively reacts to mechanical stimuli in its environment, transmitting mechanical signals to optimize the utilization of environmental resources. While the mechanical impedance created by the growth medium serves as the primary source of stimulation for the roots, extensive research has focused on the roots' response to static mechanical stimulation. However, the impact of dynamic mechanical stimulation on root phenotype remains underexplored. In this study, we utilized a low acyl gellan gum/polyacrylamide (GG/PAM) double network elastic hydrogel as the growth medium for rapeseed. We constructed a mechanical device to investigate the effects of reciprocating extrusion stimulation on the growth of the rapeseed root system. After three weeks of mechanical stimulation, the root system exhibited a significant increase in lateral roots. This branching enhanced the roots' anchoring and penetration into the hydrogel, thereby improving the root system's adaptability to its environment. Our findings offer valuable data and insights into the effects of reciprocating mechanical stimulation on root growth, providing a new way for engineering root phenotype.
{"title":"Engineering living root with mechanical stimulation derived from reciprocating compression in a double network hydrogel as elastic soil","authors":"Qiye Wu, Jinchun Xie, Junfu Li, Yongjun Men","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The root system actively reacts to mechanical stimuli in its environment, transmitting mechanical signals to optimize the utilization of environmental resources. While the mechanical impedance created by the growth medium serves as the primary source of stimulation for the roots, extensive research has focused on the roots' response to static mechanical stimulation. However, the impact of dynamic mechanical stimulation on root phenotype remains underexplored. In this study, we utilized a low acyl gellan gum/polyacrylamide (GG/PAM) double network elastic hydrogel as the growth medium for rapeseed. We constructed a mechanical device to investigate the effects of reciprocating extrusion stimulation on the growth of the rapeseed root system. After three weeks of mechanical stimulation, the root system exhibited a significant increase in lateral roots. This branching enhanced the roots' anchoring and penetration into the hydrogel, thereby improving the root system's adaptability to its environment. Our findings offer valuable data and insights into the effects of reciprocating mechanical stimulation on root growth, providing a new way for engineering root phenotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 123-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aac.2024.11.005
Vasyl Kovalishyn, Diana Hodyna, Ivan Semenyuta, Volodymyr Brovarets, Oleh Shablykin, Svitlana Chumachenko, Larysa Metelytsia
Phytophthora infestans control is a long-standing problem that has caused ongoing difficulties and brought limited success for over a century. Traditional methods, such as fungicides, have drawbacks including high cost, restrictions on organic farming, potential risks to the environment and human health, and the development of resistant strains. In this study, we employed cutting-edge computer-based techniques, including Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) modeling and molecular docking simulations, to uncover new fungicidal compounds and gain insights into their specific mechanisms of action against P. infestans. QSAR modeling on the number of compounds tested as P. infestans inhibitors was performed using an interactive OCHEM web platform. The predictive ability of the developed classification models had a balanced accuracy (BA) of 77–85 % for the training set and BA = 89–93 % for the validation external test set. During the in vitro testing against P. infestans, thirteen synthesized 2-oxoimidazolidine-4-sulfonamides demonstrated inhibition rates, ranging from 23.6 % to 87.4 %. The fungicidal potential of six of these fungicides ranged from 79.3 % to 87.4 %, which is comparable to the activity of known fungicides. Acute toxicity results using the well-known aquatic marker Daphnia magna showed that the most active sulfonamides 3d, 3f, 3h, 3j, 3k, and 3l, with LC50 values ranging from 13.7 to 52.9 mg/L, are low-toxicity compounds. The molecular docking results demonstrated a potential mechanism of the antifungal action of the studied 2-oxoimidazolidin-4-sulfonamide derivatives via the inhibition of fungal CYP51, a sterol biosynthesis enzyme.
{"title":"In silico modeling and experimental validation of 2-oxoimidazolidin-4-sulfonamides as low-toxicity fungicides against Phytophthora infestans","authors":"Vasyl Kovalishyn, Diana Hodyna, Ivan Semenyuta, Volodymyr Brovarets, Oleh Shablykin, Svitlana Chumachenko, Larysa Metelytsia","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Phytophthora infestans</em> control is a long-standing problem that has caused ongoing difficulties and brought limited success for over a century. Traditional methods, such as fungicides, have drawbacks including high cost, restrictions on organic farming, potential risks to the environment and human health, and the development of resistant strains. In this study, we employed cutting-edge computer-based techniques, including Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) modeling and molecular docking simulations, to uncover new fungicidal compounds and gain insights into their specific mechanisms of action against <em>P. infestans</em>. QSAR modeling on the number of compounds tested as <em>P</em>. <em>infestans</em> inhibitors was performed using an interactive OCHEM web platform. The predictive ability of the developed classification models had a balanced accuracy (BA) of 77–85 % for the training set and BA = 89–93 % for the validation external test set. During the <em>in vitro</em> testing against <em>P. infestans</em>, thirteen synthesized 2-oxoimidazolidine-4-sulfonamides demonstrated inhibition rates, ranging from 23.6 % to 87.4 %. The fungicidal potential of six of these fungicides ranged from 79.3 % to 87.4 %, which is comparable to the activity of known fungicides. Acute toxicity results using the well-known aquatic marker <em>Daphnia magna</em> showed that the most active sulfonamides 3d, 3f, 3h, 3j, 3k, and 3l, with LC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 13.7 to 52.9 mg/L, are low-toxicity compounds. The molecular docking results demonstrated a potential mechanism of the antifungal action of the studied 2-oxoimidazolidin-4-sulfonamide derivatives via the inhibition of fungal CYP51, a sterol biosynthesis enzyme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 141-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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