Advances in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery最新文献

Microvascular free flap tissue transfer is a reliable technique for the reconstruction of orofacial defects, success rates have been cited as being between 96 and 98%, with vascular compromise requiring early return to theatre reported in 5–20% of cases across the literature. It has been described that the majority of free flap compromise occurs within the first 48 h post anastomosis, and that salvage rates are proportional with the timing of the vascular insult. Strategies adopted to identify early signs of compromise and hence improve the chances of flap survival are many, and protocols vary between units. On review of the literature, diligent bedside clinical monitoring of free flaps in the early post-operative period, seemed to facilitate detection of vascular compromise, allowing for early salvage, and hence better outcomes. Monitoring adjuncts such implantable doppler devices may prove helpful in such cases but false positives and negatives should be kept in mind. It would seem appropriate that future research should centre on evaluating adjunctive techniques to close bedside monitoring with a focus on clinically relevant outcome measures as well as cost/benefit analyses.

The position of the mandible after an orthognathic surgical procedure is believed to be dependent on adaptive condylar and glenoid fossa changes, in addition to condylar positional changes within the fossa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between condylar and glenoid fossa changes and the positional changes in the joint space two years after bimaxillary surgery. The condyles and glenoid fossae were reconstructed from a pair of superimposed pre- and postoperative (two years) cone-beam computerized tomography scans. The surface models were spatially divided into four regions. Three-dimensional morphological and positional changes were measured as volumetric differences and surface distances between the pre- and postoperative condylar and glenoid fossa regions. Statistical associations of condylar, glenoid fossa and joint space changes were calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Twenty subjects (sixteen female; four male; mean age 27.6 years) with class II malocclusion and maxillomandibular retrognathia, who underwent bimaxillary surgery, were assessed. A strong and statistically significant correlation between condylar and glenoid fossa changes was observed two years after surgery (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). The correlation was strongest and statistically significant anterior-medially (r = 0.48, p = 0.002) and anterior-laterally (r = 0.38, p = 0.015). Condylar changes were significantly correlated with the increase in the posterior-medial (r = 0.37, p < 0.020) and the posterior-lateral (r = 0.45, p < 0.003) joint space distances. Changes of the condyle, the glenoid fossa and the joint space following bimaxillary surgery were significantly correlated in these class II subjects.

The process of removing a frenulum is one of the specialties of cosmetic dentistry. Inside the mouth there are two tissues known as the frenulum. This tissue includes both the teeth and the gums. It is usually divided into the frenulum of the tongue, which is the space between the level of the mouth and the tongue. Its function is to prevent the tongue from moving freely, which is why doctors recommend removing it. While the other section is known as lip frenulum, which is when the lip is too high, which forms an obstacle in front of the front teeth and pushes them away from each other. Also, this problem requires frenulectomy surgery. In this case report, we present a case of surgery performed to remove the upper labial frenulum in a patient in his forties. The previous patient visited the clinics of the International University for Science and Technology complaining of a massive diastema in his upper jaw. Therefore, we performed surgical resection of the superior labial frenum. We administered local anesthesia to the patient in order to perform the surgical procedure. We monitored the patient's condition for two and a half weeks in order to ensure his recovery and the success of the surgery.

Introduction

The negative effects of media exposure to interpersonal violence (IPV) have been a controversial topic for decades. Our aims were to identify the prevalence and trend of maxillofacialrelated IPV in top grossing movies 50 years apart to look for changing patterns of portrayal in mainstream cinema.

Methods

The 20 highest-grossing movies from 1970 to 2020 were identified. Each instance of maxillofacial-related IPV was identified and the following data points were analyzed: type of IPV (blunt/penetrating), the injury sustained, gender of the assailant and the victim as well as their relationship, the use of drugs and/or alcohol, any physical and/or legal consequences and if hospitalisation was required.

Results

From the movies examined, 13/20 in 1970 and 14/20 in 2020 showed episodes of maxillofacial-related IPV. There was a higher number overall of maxillofacial-related IPV in 2020 (n=54) compared to 1970 (n=30). In 1970s movies, assailants were more frequently known to their victims (96.7 % vs 66.7 %, p=0.01) and maxillofacial-related IPV was more likely to involve alcohol and/or drugs (16.7 % vs 1.9 %, p=0.01). Victims were rarely hospitalized in either 1970 or 2020 cinema (0 % and 3.7 % respectively), assailants rarely suffered legal consequences (13.3 % and 5.6 % respectively) and these differences were not significant.

Conclusion

Little has changed in mainstream cinema concerning the prevalence of maxillofacial-related IPV between 1970 and 2020, but there are subtle differences in how this is portrayed. The overarching notion that such injuries do not culminate in either hospitalisation and/or legal ramifications remains.

Large bone tumors that form in the bones of the upper and lower jaws in the mouth are among the diseases associated with dental and jaw lesions. These bony tumors forming in the jaws are an obstacle to performing dental prosthetics in the jaws, whether they are dental prosthetics or restorative ones. In this case report, we present a case of surgery on the jaws of a forty-year-old Syrian young man with the aim of removing a number of bone tumors formed in the jaw bones. The dental clinic at the International University of Science and Technology performed this surgery after it became clear that it was impossible to perform dental prosthetics in the jaws due to the presence of these bone tumors in both the upper and lower jaws. The surgical operation was performed successfully, and the tumorous lesions removed from the young man's upper and lower jaws were examined, and the jaws were prepared for full dental restorations afterwards.

The purpose of this study was to investigate parents satisfaction with the result of primary cleft lip surgery. Moreover this study will investigate the influence of educational factors, the severity of clefts, the number of children, on the level of satisfaction with primary surgery results cleft lip palate.

One hundred and ninety children were included in this study. Cleft evaluation profile was used to measure parents satisfaction, both mother and father were included in this study. Overall it can be concluded that the level of satisfaction of parents both father and mother, towards primary lip repair surgery are considerably high. Mothers were the least satisfied with nose appearance of the patient (4.2 %). The gender of the child (P = 0.03) and the type of lip abnormality (P = 0.001) were factors that had a significant effect on the level of mother's satisfaction with the results primary cleft lip surgery. Female patient gender and bilateral cleft lip abnormalities were factors that affect the level of parents satisfaction with the outcome of the operation.

The factor of parent education level had no significant effect on the level of parents’ satisfaction with the results of primary cleft lip surgery.

Additive manufacturing (Rapid Prototyping) is a significant innovation in medical field. It allows scientists to create custom-made parts that are often more precise and robust than their standard counterparts. Osteoarthritis (OA) is very common and serious problems in aging people. It is a progressive disease that affects the cartilage, the substance that cushions the bones and joints. Artificial knee joints are being developed as a sort of replacement for the human knee joint. One of the most intricate parts of the human body is the knee joint. This complex joint comprises of a ball-and-socket relationship, which is a very difficult part of the anatomy to design. The joint consists of both the kneecap and the Cartilage, and it has been designed with the intention of having the joint supported by a bone, rather than a cartilage. In this review article the results of a recent study, which was performed by researchers from the various renowned universities of Europe & United States of America over Artificial Knee Joint by Additive Manufacturing Technology.

Background

Iatrogenic displacement of third molars in the mandibular floor is one of the rare complications of 3rd molar extractions. it is due to a variety of factors, most often anatomical or due to the operator. It's important to remain calm and opt for the best possible treatment when faced with such an accident.

Case presentation

We report a case of iatrogenic 3rd molar displacement in the submandibular space managed by an extra-oral approach.

Conclusion

Given the low incidence of iatrogenic tooth displacement in the mandibular region, there is no consensus on its management. We propose a decision tree for managing expulsed teeth in the submandibular region.