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Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology最新文献

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Reshaping sport performers' careers: Lessons from the 2023–2024 war in Israel 重塑体育表演者的职业生涯:以色列 2023-2024 年战争的经验教训
Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.10.002
Roy David Samuel , Yair Galily , Gershon Tenenbaum
The war experience (WE) presents a highly troublesome period for sport performers, with severe effects on their lives and career trajectories. In this article, we initially conceptualize the WE through the scheme of change for sport psychology practice (Samuel & Tenenbaum, 2011a). The WE is considered a longitudinal, multifaceted, unpredicted, noncontrolled, negative change-event, developed over four distinct stages with specific demands and responses: (a) a pre-war stage, (b) War stage-A accompanied by instability and confusion, (c) War stage-B characterized by active coping or regression, and (d) War stage-C; return to sport activity, modification of activity, or retirement. The development of this change process in sport performers’ careers is discussed within the context of the 2023 Israel-Hamas war. Thereafter, we discuss applied practice efforts to support sport performers through the WE. The conclusions offer future avenues for researchers and practitioners when attempting to evaluate and cope with this unique change-event.
战争经历(WE)对体育运动员来说是一个非常麻烦的时期,对他们的生活和职业轨迹都有严重的影响。在本文中,我们通过运动心理学实践的变化方案(Samuel & Tenenbaum, 2011a)对战争经历进行了初步概念化。我们认为,WE 是一个纵向的、多方面的、不可预测的、非可控的、消极的变化事件,其发展经历了四个不同的阶段,具有特定的需求和反应:(a)战前阶段;(b)伴随着不稳定和困惑的战争阶段-A;(c)以积极应对或倒退为特征的战争阶段-B;以及(d)战争阶段-C;重返体育活动、改变活动方式或退役。我们以 2023 年以色列-哈马斯战争为背景,讨论了体育表演者职业生涯中这一变化过程的发展。随后,我们讨论了支持体育表演者完成 WE 阶段的应用实践工作。结论为研究人员和从业人员试图评估和应对这一独特的变化事件提供了未来的途径。
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引用次数: 0
The placebo effect and exercise: An investigation into the manipulation of expectations of benefits from exercise 安慰剂效应与运动:对操纵运动益处预期的调查
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.07.001
Jean-Charles Lebeau , Alyssa C. Wright , Lindsey C. Blom , Molly K. Tschopp

The placebo effect is a fascinating phenomenon that has advanced beyond the medical field into the field of sport and exercise psychology. The goal of the present study was to expand this literature by investigating the effects of expectation manipulation on perceived physical, affective, and cognitive benefits following exercise. To address this aim, 77 young adults (Mage = 29.84, SD = 9.83) were asked to rate the expected cognitive, affective, and physical benefits of a stretching program, and to elaborate on their ratings via an online survey. Participants were randomly allocated to three expectation conditions: expectation-benefit, expectation-no benefit, or no expectation control. All participants were evaluating the same stretching program, but read fictitious testimonies and watched videos that were aimed at manipulating their expectations. Analyses revealed that the expectation-benefit group expected higher cognitive and affective benefits from the stretching program than the expectation-no benefits group (ps < 0.001). No significant differences emerged on the expectation to receive physical benefits among all three groups. The thematic analysis of participants’ rationale for their ratings revealed that beliefs about benefits were modified through the testimonies and videos provided. Participants also relied on their previous knowledge or experience about stretching to inform their predictions about the expected benefits of the stretching program. Results from this study expand the knowledge on expectations manipulation in exercise settings, and provide exercise professionals with strategies to maximize the benefits participants can receive from exercise.

安慰剂效应是一种引人入胜的现象,它已从医学领域发展到运动和锻炼心理学领域。本研究的目的是通过调查期望操纵对运动后身体、情感和认知益处感知的影响来扩展这一文献。为了实现这一目标,研究人员要求 77 名年轻成年人(平均年龄 = 29.84 岁,平均标准偏差 = 9.83)对拉伸项目的认知、情感和身体益处进行预期评分,并通过在线调查对其评分进行详细说明。受试者被随机分配到三种预期条件下:预期有益、预期无益或无预期控制。所有参与者都在评估同一个拉伸项目,但都阅读了虚构的推荐信,并观看了旨在操纵其期望的视频。分析表明,期望受益组比期望无益组期望从拉伸项目中获得更高的认知和情感益处(ps < 0.001)。在期望获得身体益处方面,三组之间没有明显差异。对参与者评分理由的专题分析表明,参与者对益处的信念是通过所提供的见证和视频而改变的。参与者还根据自己以前对拉伸运动的了解或经验来预测拉伸运动的预期益处。这项研究的结果拓展了人们对运动环境中预期操纵的认识,并为运动专业人员提供了使参与者从运动中获得最大益处的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Big Five personality traits on athletes' perfectionism using a person-centered approach 采用以人为本的方法研究运动员完美主义的五大人格特质
Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.06.001
Taihe Liang, Ziheng Ning, Xinyuan Peng

Athletes' perfectionism is influenced by personality, which in turn leads to differences in athletic performance. This study investigates the intricate relationship between perfectionism and the Big Five personality traits, particularly within the context of athletes. We apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to survey data to identify which personality combinations lead to perfectionism. The study sample selected through purposive sampling from various sports disciplines within Macao and Anhui Province. Personality traits and perfectionism levels were assessed using the Simplified Chinese Big Five Personality Questionnaire (CBF-PI) and the Chinese Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Questionnaire (CFMPS). Results indicate that neuroticism and conscientiousness are crucial in predicting perfectionistic concerns and perfectionistic strivings, respectively. Three personality configurations leading to perfectionistic concerns were identified, with high neuroticism, high conscientiousness, low extraversion, and low openness being core conditions. Four configurations leading to perfectionistic strivings were identified, with low neuroticism, high conscientiousness, high agreeableness, and either high extraversion or high openness as core conditions. The study reveals the complex interactions between personality traits and challenges the variable-centered research approach. The results underscore the importance of understanding the multidimensionality and complexity of perfectionism in athletes and offer directions for further research.

运动员的完美主义受到人格的影响,进而导致运动成绩的差异。本研究探讨了完美主义与五大人格特质之间错综复杂的关系,尤其是在运动员的背景下。我们将模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)应用于调查数据,以确定哪些人格组合会导致完美主义。研究样本通过目的性抽样从澳门和安徽省的不同体育项目中选出。人格特质和完美主义水平通过简易版中国大五人格问卷(CBF-PI)和中国弗罗斯特多维完美主义问卷(CFMPS)进行评估。结果表明,神经质和自觉性分别是预测完美主义关注和完美主义追求的关键。高神经质、高自觉性、低外向性和低开放性是导致完美主义担忧的核心条件。研究发现了导致完美主义追求的四种人格构型,其核心条件分别是低神经质、高自觉性、高宜人性、高外向性或高开放性。这项研究揭示了人格特质之间复杂的相互作用,并对以变量为中心的研究方法提出了挑战。研究结果强调了了解运动员完美主义的多维性和复杂性的重要性,并为进一步研究提供了方向。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of virtual reality based-intervention on depression and quality of life among stroke patients: A meta-analysis 基于虚拟现实的干预对中风患者抑郁和生活质量的影响:荟萃分析
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.05.003

The current study analyzed the effect of virtual reality-based intervention on depression and quality of life in stroke patients. Databases (National Assembly Library, DBpia, RISS, KISS) were searched to extract studies for meta-analysis by using the PICOS framework. From this procedure, two dissertations and five journal articles were selected for the literature on the effect on depression, and four dissertations and three journal articles were selected for the literature on the effect on quality of life. The R program(ver.4.0.5) meta-analysis package was used to calculate the effect sizes for depression and quality of life. Results using random-effects model indicated that the effect size of depression was -0.82 (95 % CI=-1.29, -0.35), which was a large effect size, and also the effect size of quality of life was 1.12 (95 % CI=0.56, 1.67), showing a large effect size. The current study concluded that VR-based intervention has positive effect on depression and quality of life in stroke patients.

本研究分析了基于虚拟现实的干预对中风患者抑郁和生活质量的影响。通过使用 PICOS 框架搜索数据库(国家会议图书馆、DBpia、RISS、KISS)以提取研究进行荟萃分析。在此过程中,选择了两篇论文和五篇期刊论文来研究对抑郁症的影响,选择了四篇论文和三篇期刊论文来研究对生活质量的影响。使用 R 程序(4.0.5 版)荟萃分析软件包计算了抑郁和生活质量的效应大小。使用随机效应模型得出的结果显示,抑郁的效应大小为-0.82(95 % CI=-1.29,-0.35),效应大小较大;生活质量的效应大小为 1.12(95 % CI=0.56,1.67),效应大小较大。本研究认为,基于 VR 的干预对脑卒中患者的抑郁和生活质量有积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Validation of the Malay version of the recovery-stress questionnaire for athletes: Application of confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling 验证马来语版运动员恢复-压力问卷:确认性因素分析和探索性结构方程模型的应用
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.05.001

The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport-52) is a tool developed to measure the frequency of stress associated through recovery activities with strong theoretical foundations. The study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Malay version of RESTQ-Sport-52 using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling method was employed. There were 617 undergraduate university students in Malaysia participated in the study with mean age of 20 years old (SD = 1.5). The majority of the participants were female (66.1 %), Malay (76 %) and participated in at least one sport or exercise. The RESTQ-Sport-52-M consisted of 52 items with two main sections; (1) general stress and recovery scales and (2) sport-specific stress and recovery scales. Mplus 8.3 was used to perform the CFA and ESEM analysis to examine the construct validity and reliability of RESTQ-Sport-52-M. For measurement model assessment using CFA, the final model of general-stress/recovery and sport-specific stress/recovery indicated a fit based on several fit indices. However, in the measurement model assessment using ESEM, the fit indices for model of general-stress/recovery (CFI = 0.935, SRMR = 0.037, RMSEA = 0.045) and sport-stress/recovery (CFI = 0.923, SRMR = 0.036, RMSEA = 0.044) were generally improved. The construct reliability for measurement models of RESTQ-Sport-52-M ranged from 0.76 to 0.89. The ESEM approach yielded a better fit indices compared to the CFA approach for both scales. The RESTQ-Sport-52-M (50 items) were considered a more valid and reliable questionnaire to measure recovery and stress in sports for Malaysian sample.

运动员恢复-压力问卷(RESTQ-Sport-52)是一种用于测量与恢复活动相关的压力频率的工具,具有坚实的理论基础。本研究旨在使用确证因子分析(CFA)和探索性结构方程模型(ESEM)来检验马来语版 RESTQ-Sport-52 的心理计量特性。研究采用了有目的抽样的横断面研究方法。共有 617 名马来西亚大学本科生参与了研究,他们的平均年龄为 20 岁(SD = 1.5)。大部分参与者为女性(66.1%)、马来人(76%),至少参加过一项运动或锻炼。RESTQ-Sport-52-M由52个项目组成,包括两个主要部分:(1)一般压力和恢复量表;(2)特定运动压力和恢复量表。我们使用 Mplus 8.3 进行了 CFA 和 ESEM 分析,以检验 RESTQ-Sport-52-M 的结构效度和信度。在使用 CFA 对测量模型进行评估时,根据多项拟合指数,一般压力/恢复和运动特异性压力/恢复的最终模型表明是拟合的。然而,在使用 ESEM 进行测量模型评估时,一般压力/恢复模型(CFI = 0.935,SRMR = 0.037,RMSEA = 0.045)和运动压力/恢复模型(CFI = 0.923,SRMR = 0.036,RMSEA = 0.044)的拟合指数普遍有所提高。RESTQ-Sport-52-M 测量模型的构造信度范围为 0.76 至 0.89。与 CFA 方法相比,ESEM 方法对两个量表都产生了更好的拟合指数。对于马来西亚样本而言,RESTQ-Sport-52-M(50 个项目)被认为是测量运动恢复和压力的更有效、更可靠的问卷。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of supervised physical exercise on emotions among adult women with a diagnostic of borderline personality disorder: A series of mixed method single-case experimental trials combined with ecological momentary assessment 有监督的体育锻炼对边缘型人格障碍成年女性情绪的影响:结合生态学瞬间评估的一系列混合方法单例实验试验
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.05.002

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is thought to be shaped around emotional dysregulation. Physical exercise is an effective way to improve emotional regulation in individuals both with and without mental disorder. However, to this day no study examined the effect of regular physical exercise on emotion regulation in adults with BPD. This study used a series of single case experimental design (A-B-A) combined with ecological momentary assessment and individual interviews to explore and analyze the effect of physical exercise on emotion regulation in adults with BPD. Emotions of participants were monitored thrice daily with an app that prompted them to report their emotions on a 0–100 analogue scale. Both A (control) phases lasted 2 weeks and the B phase (intervention) lasted 4 weeks (3 1-hour supervised sessions of physical exercise weekly). Emotion-related data were analyzed by piecewise linear regression and qualitative data with thematic analysis. Seven women with BPD completed this study and five of them participated in the interviews. Three participants showed an increase in positive emotions and four participants showed a decrease in negative emotions throughout the study and those results are confirmed with interindividual analyses. Participants reported enjoying the exercise program and the trainer they were assigned. Finally, participants also reported being less reactive and more patient when encountering irritating or stressing events. In conclusion, adult women with BPD found that physical exercise decreases their negative emotions and reactivity to psychological stressors.

边缘型人格障碍(BPD)被认为是围绕情绪失调形成的。无论是否患有精神障碍,体育锻炼都是改善情绪调节的有效方法。然而,迄今为止,还没有研究探讨定期体育锻炼对患有边缘型人格障碍的成年人情绪调节的影响。本研究采用一系列单病例实验设计(A-B-A),结合生态学瞬间评估和个别访谈,探讨和分析体育锻炼对成年 BPD 患者情绪调节的影响。参与者每天三次使用一款应用程序监测自己的情绪,该应用程序会提示参与者用 0-100 的模拟量表报告自己的情绪。A阶段(对照组)持续2周,B阶段(干预组)持续4周(每周进行3次1小时的体育锻炼)。与情绪相关的数据通过片断线性回归进行分析,定性数据通过主题分析进行分析。七名患有 BPD 的女性完成了这项研究,其中五人参加了访谈。在整个研究过程中,三名参与者的积极情绪有所增加,四名参与者的消极情绪有所减少,这些结果在个体间分析中得到了证实。参与者表示喜欢运动项目和分配给他们的教练。最后,参与者还表示,在遇到刺激或压力事件时,她们的反应更少,更有耐心。总之,患有 BPD 的成年女性发现,体育锻炼能减少她们的负面情绪和对心理压力的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Typology of Acquiring Life Skills and Mental Health in International Students in Japan during COVID-19 COVID-19 期间在日留学生掌握生活技能和心理健康的类型分析
Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.03.001
Chen Yulong , Shimamoto Kohei , Bando Takao , Tsuchiya Hironobu

Life Skills (LS) are essential in the COVID era because people acquire LS (learn different abilities) to adapt to problems that arise in their daily lives at different times. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to categorize and clarify the characteristics of LS acquisition and mental health among international students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study surveyed 407(The final analysis included 134 undergraduates: M = 69, F = 65; Mean age=19.55) international students enrolled at two universities in the Kansai region of Japan, regardless of their nationality or subject major, from October to November 2021. Utilizing the University Student Edition of the Daily Life Skills Scale (English version) and three scales measuring Loneliness, Satisfaction, and Anxiety. Firstly, the target participants were classified into three clusters using the K-means method, denoted as "Maladaptive Type," "Adaptive Type," and "Expansive Type." Secondly, the results of correlation coefficients between three mental health questions and LS indicated significant correlations among Satisfaction, Anxiety, and Interpersonal and Personal skills. Significant correlations of 0.20 or more were observed among Satisfaction, Anxiety, Interpersonal (Satisfaction (r = 0.25, p < 0.01), Anxiety: (r=-0.28, p < 0.01)), and Personal skills (Satisfaction (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), Anxiety: (r=-0.47, p < 0.01)), as well as between Personal skills and Loneliness (r=-0.28, p < 0.01). Thirdly, while focusing on exercise frequency, exercise intensity, and total exercise time in the exercise habits of international students, an examination was conducted regarding the relationship with mental health and LS acquisition. The results indicated no significant relationships, and the study concluded that exercise habits did not affect the relationship between mental health and LS acquisition among international students during the COVID-19. In the future, to enhance support for international students, educational institutions are expected to promote LS acquisition to help students adapt to the new lifestyle resulting from the pandemic.

在 COVID 时代,生活技能(LS)是必不可少的,因为人们通过学习生活技能(学习不同的能力)来适应不同时期日常生活中出现的问题。因此,本研究的目的是对 COVID-19 大流行期间留学生掌握生活技能和心理健康的特点进行分类和澄清。本研究调查了 407 名(最终分析包括 134 名本科生:男=69,女=65;平均年龄=19.55岁),不分国籍和专业。采用大学生版日常生活技能量表(英文版)和测量孤独感、满意感和焦虑感的三个量表。首先,利用 K-均值法将研究对象分为三个聚类,分别为 "适应不良型"、"适应良好型 "和 "拓展型"。其次,三个心理健康问题与 LS 的相关系数结果表明,满意度、焦虑、人际交往和个人技能之间存在显著相关。满意度、焦虑、人际交往(满意度(r=0.25,p < 0.01)、焦虑:(r=-0.28,p < 0.01)、个人技能(满意度(r=0.39,p <;0.01),焦虑:(r=-0.47,p <;0.01))以及个人技能与孤独感(r=-0.28,p <;0.01)之间的关系。)第三,在关注留学生运动习惯中的运动频率、运动强度和总运动时间的同时,研究了其与心理健康和通识教育获得之间的关系。结果表明,两者之间没有明显的关系,研究得出结论:在 COVID-19 中,运动习惯并不影响留学生的心理健康和通识教育习得之间的关系。未来,为加强对留学生的支持,教育机构有望促进通识教育的掌握,以帮助学生适应大流行病带来的新生活方式。
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引用次数: 0
Typology of Acquiring Life Skills and Mental Health in International Students in Japan during COVID-19 COVID-19 期间在日留学生掌握生活技能和心理健康的类型分析
Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4437446
Yulong Chen, Shimamoto Kohei, Bando Takao, Tsuchiya Hironobu
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引用次数: 0
The design of a career transition psychological support program for retired Olympic athletes in Japan 为日本退役奥林匹克运动员设计职业过渡心理支持计划
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.01.001
Miyako Oulevey , David Lavallee , Yasutaka Ojio , Naohiko Kohtake

The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of an intervention program focused on career transition psychological support for retired Olympic athletes in Japan. It was expected that the intervention program would significantly enhance knowledge about career transition support for athletes and also enhance attitudes towards seeking career transition support. 24 retired Japanese female athletes who had competed in the Olympics between 1996 and 2016 participated in the study. The content of the support program was delivered in a three-part workshop, focusing on career transitions in sport, post-retirement psychological adjustment difficulties, and coping strategies. Pre-workshop and post-workshop assessment were conducted. Career transition support knowledge for athletes and attitudes about seeking career transition support significantly increased. The current results suggest that increasing knowledge helps retired and retiring athletes seek professional help. Practical applications and future research recommendations are provided.

本研究旨在探讨一项针对日本退役奥林匹克运动员职业转型心理支持的干预计划的可行性。预计该干预项目将显著提高运动员对职业生涯转型支持的认识,并改善寻求职业生涯转型支持的态度。24 名在 1996 年至 2016 年期间参加过奥运会的日本退役女运动员参与了这项研究。支持计划的内容以工作坊的形式分三部分进行,重点是体育运动中的职业转型、退役后的心理适应困难和应对策略。研究人员进行了工作坊前和工作坊后评估。结果显示,运动员的职业转型支持知识和对寻求职业转型支持的态度都有了显著提高。目前的研究结果表明,增加相关知识有助于退役和即将退役的运动员寻求专业帮助。本文还提供了实际应用和未来研究建议。
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引用次数: 0
The design of a career transition psychological support program for retired Olympic athletes in Japan 为日本退役奥林匹克运动员设计职业过渡心理支持计划
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2024.01.001
Miyako Oulevey, David Lavallee, Yasutaka Ojio, N. Kohtake
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
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