1 Sherr J. The Dynamics and Methodology of Homeopathic Provings. Malvern, England: Dynamis Books, 1994, pp 4, 37, 57. 2 Riley D. Three cases of infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Small remedies and interesting cases vi. In: King S, Kipnis C, Scott C (eds). Proceedings of the 1994 Professional Case Conferences. Seattle, USA: International Foundation Homeopathy Publishers, USA: 1994, pp 35–60. 3 Richardson-Boedler C. Applying Bach Flower Therapy to the Healing Profession of Homeopathy. New Delhi: B. Jain publishers, 1997, pp 173–175.
{"title":"The research agenda","authors":"G Guajardo-Bernal","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0489","DOIUrl":"10.1054/homp.1999.0489","url":null,"abstract":"1 Sherr J. The Dynamics and Methodology of Homeopathic Provings. Malvern, England: Dynamis Books, 1994, pp 4, 37, 57. 2 Riley D. Three cases of infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Small remedies and interesting cases vi. In: King S, Kipnis C, Scott C (eds). Proceedings of the 1994 Professional Case Conferences. Seattle, USA: International Foundation Homeopathy Publishers, USA: 1994, pp 35–60. 3 Richardson-Boedler C. Applying Bach Flower Therapy to the Healing Profession of Homeopathy. New Delhi: B. Jain publishers, 1997, pp 173–175.","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117201703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In homeopathy the choice of a medicine is based on the total ‘picture’ presented by the patient. This picture includes ‘constitutional type’ which comprises personality, and general physical features. The Constitutional Type Questionnaire (CTQ) is designed to systematically assess constitutional types. This study examines the reliability and validity of the CTQ. Four hundred and seventy-two outpatients attending clinics at the Royal London Homoeopathic Hospital completed the CTQ, a 152-item scale rating features traditionally considered typical of 19 constitutional homeopathic medicine ‘pictures’ on 5-point frequency or severity scales. A subsample was retested after 1 week to measure the test–retest reliability. Another subsample was prescribed a medicine by a homeopathic doctor. Prescriptions were compared with the CTQ, to assess the content validity of the scale. The construct validity was measured by Grade of Membership (GOM) analysis. The scale demonstrated good test–retest reliability (r=0.73), internal consistency (r=0.95). The correlation between CTQ results and the medicine prescribed by the homeopathic doctor was 75.8%. The GOM analyses are reported by Davidson et al elsewhere in this issue of the journal. Although the CTQ could be improved, the scale displays good reliability and validity.
{"title":"The Constitutional Type Questionnaire: validation in the patient population of the Royal London Homoeopathic Hospital","authors":"RA van Haselen , S Cinar , P Fisher , J Davidson","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0493","DOIUrl":"10.1054/homp.1999.0493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In homeopathy the choice of a medicine is based on the total ‘picture’ presented by the patient. This picture includes ‘constitutional type’ which comprises personality, and general physical features. The Constitutional Type Questionnaire (CTQ) is designed to systematically assess constitutional types. This study examines the reliability and validity of the CTQ. Four hundred and seventy-two outpatients attending clinics at the Royal London Homoeopathic Hospital completed the CTQ, a 152-item scale rating features traditionally considered typical of 19 constitutional homeopathic medicine ‘pictures’ on 5-point frequency or severity scales. A subsample was retested after 1 week to measure the test–retest reliability. Another subsample was prescribed a medicine by a homeopathic doctor. Prescriptions were compared with the CTQ, to assess the content validity of the scale. The construct validity was measured by Grade of Membership (GOM) analysis. The scale demonstrated good test–retest reliability (<em>r</em>=0.73), internal consistency (<em>r</em>=0.95). The correlation between CTQ results and the medicine prescribed by the homeopathic doctor was 75.8%. The GOM analyses are reported by Davidson <em>et al</em> elsewhere in this issue of the journal. Although the CTQ could be improved, the scale displays good reliability and validity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0493","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I would like to respond to Vithoulkas' criticism of the Thiosinamine proving. The proving makes no attempt to make something out of nothing. None of the provers knew what they were taking, and all of the provers were coded so no one knew if they received the remedy or placebo. Even I, as coordinator, did not know until the end of the proving. Provers and their supervisors were asked to accurately record their symptoms during the proving period, which is what they did. Each prover was asked to make special note of symptoms which were new to them during the proving, as well as any symptoms which were of greater intensity than normal and return of old symptoms. In particular, symptoms not experienced before were of greater signi®cance. The provers had their cases taken one month prior to the proving and their symptoms monitored. So it was clear that the symptoms provers experienced during the proving were different to symptoms experienced prior to the proving. As coordinator it was my duty to re ̄ect the experiences of the provers accurately. What resulted was their accounts. It was not for me to start picking out what I thought was a symptom or not a symptom, if a prover felt it was strange or unusual for them then it was my duty to record it as such, as a whole. For brevity, I will not pick out every point Vithoulkas has raised, only the most important. Regarding the issue of `waiting' in isolation `waiting for something to happen with the proving' is not so signi®cant, but when this was repeated several times, combined with the fact that the proving date had been delayed, it became of signi®cance. It also came up as a symptom in a patient to whom I later prescribed Thiosinamine. Vithoulkas writes `When, in a proving, you have the same or similar symptoms with placebo as with the remedy the logical conclusion should be that such symptoms do not belong to the remedy, but rather to environmental, circumstantial or psychological conditions (hysteria, suggestion, anxiety, etc) but surely not to the remedy!' It is very easy to dismiss any proving on `environmental, circumstantial or psychological conditions.' This is a generalised statement, which means little in itself. The fact is that this proving followed strict guidelines along the lines of those recommended by Hahnemann. Jeremy Sherr's `The Dynamics and Methodology of Homeopathic Provings' is a guide to proving methodology frequently used by the homeopathic community. In the foreword, Dr Edward Whitmont states: `An important innovation in Jeremy Sherr's work is his calling attention to the unconscious dynamics by acknowledging that the placebo effect upon participating provers closely duplicates the effect of the actual proving substance.' Jeremy Sherr states `for a clinical drug trial, placebo has three major bene®ts: It distinguishes the pharmocodynamic effects of a drug from the physiological effects of the test itself. It distinguishes the drug effects from the ̄uctuation in disease that occu
{"title":"Proving of Thiosinamine: author's reply","authors":"T Grinney","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0490","DOIUrl":"10.1054/homp.1999.0490","url":null,"abstract":"I would like to respond to Vithoulkas' criticism of the Thiosinamine proving. The proving makes no attempt to make something out of nothing. None of the provers knew what they were taking, and all of the provers were coded so no one knew if they received the remedy or placebo. Even I, as coordinator, did not know until the end of the proving. Provers and their supervisors were asked to accurately record their symptoms during the proving period, which is what they did. Each prover was asked to make special note of symptoms which were new to them during the proving, as well as any symptoms which were of greater intensity than normal and return of old symptoms. In particular, symptoms not experienced before were of greater signi®cance. The provers had their cases taken one month prior to the proving and their symptoms monitored. So it was clear that the symptoms provers experienced during the proving were different to symptoms experienced prior to the proving. As coordinator it was my duty to re ̄ect the experiences of the provers accurately. What resulted was their accounts. It was not for me to start picking out what I thought was a symptom or not a symptom, if a prover felt it was strange or unusual for them then it was my duty to record it as such, as a whole. For brevity, I will not pick out every point Vithoulkas has raised, only the most important. Regarding the issue of `waiting' in isolation `waiting for something to happen with the proving' is not so signi®cant, but when this was repeated several times, combined with the fact that the proving date had been delayed, it became of signi®cance. It also came up as a symptom in a patient to whom I later prescribed Thiosinamine. Vithoulkas writes `When, in a proving, you have the same or similar symptoms with placebo as with the remedy the logical conclusion should be that such symptoms do not belong to the remedy, but rather to environmental, circumstantial or psychological conditions (hysteria, suggestion, anxiety, etc) but surely not to the remedy!' It is very easy to dismiss any proving on `environmental, circumstantial or psychological conditions.' This is a generalised statement, which means little in itself. The fact is that this proving followed strict guidelines along the lines of those recommended by Hahnemann. Jeremy Sherr's `The Dynamics and Methodology of Homeopathic Provings' is a guide to proving methodology frequently used by the homeopathic community. In the foreword, Dr Edward Whitmont states: `An important innovation in Jeremy Sherr's work is his calling attention to the unconscious dynamics by acknowledging that the placebo effect upon participating provers closely duplicates the effect of the actual proving substance.' Jeremy Sherr states `for a clinical drug trial, placebo has three major bene®ts: It distinguishes the pharmocodynamic effects of a drug from the physiological effects of the test itself. It distinguishes the drug effects from the ̄uctuation in disease that occu","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129959402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Cairo , BE Elliot , J Barnouin , P Fleites , A Araoz , M Morales , T Verdura , M Sanchez , C Serrano , JL Alvarez , J-J Veillard
Abstract In an outbreak of epidemic neuropathy (EN) in Cuba (1992–1993), most patients were improved by vitamin therapy. In subjects with residual symptoms, alternative treatments including homeopathy were suggested to ameliorate optic and peripheral signs of the disease. An open clinical pilot trial was conducted on 31 patients with long standing symptoms of optic (OPTI group, n=15) or peripheral EN (PERI group, n=16). During the trial, OPTI and PERI patients continued the same treatment that they received before. Carboneum sulphuratum and Tabacum in homeopathic dilutions were administered for 30 days. These medicines are specific to optic EN, but not closely linked with peripheral EN. Clinical status was evaluated by neurological and ophthalmologic tests at diagnosis (Ddiag), 7 days before homeopathic treatment (D0) and 90 days after (D90). From D0 to D90, the percentages of improvement were 73.3% for the OPTI form and 12.5% for the PERI form. The percentage of improved OPTI patients was significantly higher after the homeopathic treatment vs the period between Ddiag and D0 for optical EN (P<0.01), but not for PERI subjects (P>0.05). In the OPTI group, colour vision, visual acuity and visual field improved after homeopathic treatment (P<0.001), these parameters did not change between Ddiag and D90 (P>0.05). Carboneum sulphuratum and Tabacum showed a reasonable effectiveness in optical EN, but were not effective in PERI EN.
{"title":"Homeopathy in Cuban epidemic neuropathy: an open clinical trial","authors":"J Cairo , BE Elliot , J Barnouin , P Fleites , A Araoz , M Morales , T Verdura , M Sanchez , C Serrano , JL Alvarez , J-J Veillard","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/homp.1999.0481","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In an outbreak of epidemic neuropathy (EN) in Cuba (1992–1993), most patients were improved by vitamin therapy. In subjects with residual symptoms, alternative treatments including homeopathy were suggested to ameliorate optic and peripheral signs of the disease. An open clinical pilot trial was conducted on 31 patients with long standing symptoms of optic (OPTI group, n=15) or peripheral EN (PERI group, n=16). During the trial, OPTI and PERI patients continued the same treatment that they received before. Carboneum sulphuratum and Tabacum in homeopathic dilutions were administered for 30 days. These medicines are specific to optic EN, but not closely linked with peripheral EN. Clinical status was evaluated by neurological and ophthalmologic tests at diagnosis (Ddiag), 7 days before homeopathic treatment (D0) and 90 days after (D90). From D0 to D90, the percentages of improvement were 73.3% for the OPTI form and 12.5% for the PERI form. The percentage of improved OPTI patients was significantly higher after the homeopathic treatment vs the period between Ddiag and D0 for optical EN (P<0.01), but not for PERI subjects (P>0.05). In the OPTI group, colour vision, visual acuity and visual field improved after homeopathic treatment (P<0.001), these parameters did not change between Ddiag and D90 (P>0.05). Carboneum sulphuratum and Tabacum showed a reasonable effectiveness in optical EN, but were not effective in PERI EN.","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72278947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"20 years ago:The British Homoepathic Journal, July 1981","authors":"ST Land","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/homp.1999.0484","url":null,"abstract":"This landmark study by","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72278949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report an Outcome Survey carried out at Liverpool Regional Department of Homoeopathic Medicine, over a 12-month period between 1 June 1999 and 31 May 2000, using self-assessment by the Glasgow Homoeopathic Hospital Outcome Score (GHHOS). Overall 76.6% of patients reported an improvement in their conditions since starting homeopathic treatment, while 60.3% scored +2,+3 or+4 on the GHHOS. Fifty-two percent of patients reduced their conventional medication.
{"title":"Patient benefit survey: Liverpool Regional Department of Homoeopathic Medicine","authors":"WR Richardson","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/homp.1999.0482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report an Outcome Survey carried out at Liverpool Regional Department of Homoeopathic Medicine, over a 12-month period between 1 June 1999 and 31 May 2000, using self-assessment by the Glasgow Homoeopathic Hospital Outcome Score (GHHOS). Overall 76.6% of patients reported an improvement in their conditions since starting homeopathic treatment, while 60.3% scored +2,+3 or+4 on the GHHOS. Fifty-two percent of patients reduced their conventional medication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0482","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72278926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New members of our International Editorial Advisory Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/homp.1999.0497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72278945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Critics of homeopathy often claim that it is non-scientific. By offering adequate tools for the analysis of the foundations, structure and implications of scientific theories, philosophy of science can help to clarify this medical controversy. However, homeopathy has not yet attracted the attention of philosophers of science to any noticeable extent. Among the many topics to which philosophy of science could contribute, this paper selects two, not only for their intrinsic importance, but also because they are essential for any fruitful discussion of the rest. It is shown, first, that in homeopathy, as developed by Hahnemann, two related, but distinct theoretical levels can be identified. Then it is indicated that at least one of them—the phenomenological level—can be seen as embodying a largely autonomous research programme, on which homeopathic medical practice can rest. Finally, it is argued that this programme displays the basic theoretical and methodological traits of a genuine science, according to an influential contemporary approach in philosophy of science. Some misunderstandings involved in the debate are pointed out.
{"title":"On the scientific status of homeopathy","authors":"SS Chibeni","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/homp.1999.0472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Critics of homeopathy often claim that it is non-scientific. By offering adequate tools for the analysis of the foundations, structure and implications of scientific theories, philosophy of science can help to clarify this medical controversy. However, homeopathy has not yet attracted the attention of philosophers of science to any noticeable extent. Among the many topics to which philosophy of science could contribute, this paper selects two, not only for their intrinsic importance, but also because they are essential for any fruitful discussion of the rest. It is shown, first, that in homeopathy, as developed by Hahnemann, two related, but distinct theoretical levels can be identified. Then it is indicated that at least one of them—the phenomenological level—can be seen as embodying a largely autonomous research programme, on which homeopathic medical practice can rest. Finally, it is argued that this programme displays the basic theoretical and methodological traits of a genuine science, according to an influential contemporary approach in philosophy of science. Some misunderstandings involved in the debate are pointed out.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0472","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92149280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term follow-up after homeopathic treatment of chronic headache. Do not generalise from such a special case","authors":"T Whitmarsh","doi":"10.1054/homp.1999.0477","DOIUrl":"10.1054/homp.1999.0477","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100201,"journal":{"name":"British Homoeopathic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/homp.1999.0477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127327159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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