Circular Economy最新文献

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Ecological circular disposal of agricultural waste: Integrated production of gas, electricity, heat, and fertilizer for achieving synergistic effects of pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction 农业废弃物生态循环处理：气、电、热、肥一体化生产，达到减污染、减碳的协同效应

Circular Economy

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cec.2025.100130

Zhihua Wang , Heng Wang , Mingru Zhao , Nana Zhao , Yanjiao Lyu , Xiandong Meng , Liangjun Wang , Pu Lyu

The comprehensive utilization of agricultural solids is a critical element in building a “Zero Waste City” and a vital measure for promoting the green and low-carbon development of agriculture and rural areas. Since the launch of the “Zero Waste City” initiative in Hengshui, China, the city has continuously promoted waste reduction at the source and resource utilization. Business models and institutional mechanisms for the utilization of various types of solid waste have been actively explored, and a model for reducing pollution and carbon emissions through the production of “gas, electricity, heat, and fertilizer” in the agricultural sector has been established. In this study, an analysis of pollution and carbon emission reduction in the Hengshui “Zero Waste City” construction is conducted on the basis of the “driving force–pressure–state–impact–response” (DPSIR) model, and the entropy weight-TOPSIS method is used to standardize the data from 2020 to 2023. In addition, this study uses the approved clean development mechanism (CDM) method (AMS.Ⅲ.D.ver.21) to analyze the greenhouse gas emission reduction effect of the comprehensive biogas project in Anping County, Hengshui City. The results revealed that the reduction in pollution and carbon emissions of the Hengshui “Zero Waste City” construction from 2020 to 2023 was significant. The core factor affecting the “Zero Waste City” construction in Hengshui is the development of social and economic activities; the increase in fixed asset investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries; the improvement in residents’ income; and the increase in the employment rate. Hengshui has driven the construction of a “Zero Waste City” through industrial development, forming a comprehensive utilization model of livestock manure that combines the production of gas, electricity, heat, and fertilizer. This is in line with the demand for the construction of a “Zero Waste City” in Hengshui. Moreover, the case project can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 87,208.5 tons of CO₂ equivalent per year, with a reduction rate of over 64%.

农业固体综合利用是建设“零废弃物城市”的重要内容，是推进农业农村绿色低碳发展的重要举措。自中国衡水市启动“零垃圾城市”行动以来，该市不断推进垃圾源头减量化和资源化利用。积极探索各类固体废物资源化利用的商业模式和体制机制，初步形成农业“气、电、热、肥”三产减排模式。本研究基于“驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应”（DPSIR）模型对衡水“零废城市”建设中的污染与碳减排进行了分析，并采用熵权topsis方法对2020 - 2023年的数据进行了标准化。此外，本研究采用已批准的清洁发展机制（CDM）方法（AMS.Ⅲ. d.v er21）对衡水市安平县沼气综合项目的温室气体减排效果进行了分析。结果表明，衡水“零废城市”建设在2020 - 2023年期间，污染和碳排放的减少是显著的。影响衡水“零废城市”建设的核心因素是社会经济活动的发展；农林牧渔业固定资产投资增加；居民收入的提高；以及就业率的提高。衡水通过产业发展带动了“零废城市”建设，形成了集气、电、热、肥于一体的畜禽粪便综合利用模式。这符合衡水建设“零废城”的需求。此外，案例项目每年可减少温室气体排放87,208.5吨CO2当量，减量率超过64%。

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A systematic review on the recycling of polyurethane products from offshore applications 对海上应用聚氨酯产品回收利用的系统性审查

Circular Economy

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cec.2025.100129

Ali Karrech, He Zhou

With the growing environmental awareness, more scrutiny is placed on the responsible handling of materials during the decommissioning of offshore facilities no longer in use. These facilities may contain polyurethane, renowned for its versatility, resilience, stability, buoyancy, and insulation (thermal, acoustic, and electrical). Recycling polyurethane (PU) from offshore facilities is both an opportunity and a challenge that has not been addressed thoroughly yet in the published literature. While recycling polyurethane from domestic and onshore industrial applications is relatively well-documented, literature reviews on recycling PU from offshore environments are scarce. To date, there are no comprehensive syntheses on offshore PU recycling approaches. The purpose of this review is to identify published articles that (1) describe the recycling of PU with a special focus on offshore oil and gas production and transport, (2) explore potential applications/consumers for recycled PU products, and (3) examine the economic/environmental viability of PU recycling in a typical offshore province, the North West Shelf of Australia.

A systematic search was conducted using three electronic databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science) to source articles that describe the recycling of offshore polyurethane and its potential. Recycling methods were extracted and synthesised to identify their advantages, disadvantages, and possible gaps in the existing body of knowledge. By synthesising the literature on PU recycling, analysing the local market, and conducting a life cycle assessment of recycling methods, this study demonstrated that mechanical recycling is superior to its alternatives in terms of environmental impact and economic viability.

随着环保意识的增强，在不再使用的海上设施退役期间，对材料的负责任处理受到了更多的审查。这些设施可能含有聚氨酯，以其多功能性、弹性、稳定性、浮力和绝缘性（热、声、电）而闻名。从海上设施中回收聚氨酯（PU）既是机遇也是挑战，在已发表的文献中尚未得到彻底解决。虽然从国内和陆上工业应用中回收聚氨酯的文献记录相对较好，但从海上环境中回收PU的文献综述却很少。到目前为止，还没有关于海上PU回收方法的综合研究。本综述的目的是找出以下已发表的文章：(1)描述PU的回收利用，特别关注海上油气生产和运输；(2)探索回收PU产品的潜在应用/消费者；(3)在澳大利亚西北大陆架一个典型的海上省份研究PU回收利用的经济/环境可行性。通过三个电子数据库（Scopus， ScienceDirect和Web of Science）进行了系统的搜索，以获取描述海上聚氨酯回收及其潜力的文章。提取和综合回收方法，以确定其优点，缺点和现有知识体系中可能存在的差距。通过综合有关PU回收的文献，分析当地市场，并对回收方法进行生命周期评估，本研究表明，在环境影响和经济可行性方面，机械回收优于其替代品。

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Material flow analysis and modelling of the feedstock potential for recycling polystyrene 回收聚苯乙烯原料潜力的物料流分析与建模

Circular Economy

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cec.2025.100127

Malin zu Castell-Rüdenhausen

Global plastic production has recently experienced dramatic growth, which is expected to accelerate. To reduce the environmental impacts related to plastic production and consumption, European policies call for increased plastic recycling. Polystyrene is a main commodity plastic with good recyclability; however, today, recycling levels for polystyrene are lower than those for other commodity plastics. To promote plastic circularity and increase polystyrene recycling, this study investigates feedstock availability for polystyrene recycling, using Finland as a case study. Key waste streams containing polystyrene are explored: municipal solid waste, plastic packaging waste, construction and demolition waste, as well as waste from electrical and electronic equipment. A spreadsheet-based material flow model was developed to estimate the extraction of polystyrene from waste streams in different scenario simulations. Data entered into the model was collected via literature review supported by expert interviews. This model can be applied to other regions by tailoring the input data. The results show significant potential for polystyrene recycling by implementing collection schemes for polystyrene at construction sites and by extracting polystyrene from separately collected plastic packaging waste and waste electronics, as well as by introducing industrial post-sorting of residual municipal solid waste. The findings indicate the potential of more than 10 thousand tonnes of polystyrene as feedstock for recycling, of which up to 5.2 thousand tonnes originate from the construction sector, 2.6 thousand tonnes from separately collected plastic packaging waste, 1.8 thousand tonnes from waste from electrical and electronic equipment, and 3.2 thousand tonnes from residual municipal solid waste. It can be concluded that there is significant potential for polystyrene recycling in Finland, which is partly driven by European recycling targets. However, a major obstacle for plastic recycling is related to the lack of data related to plastic waste flows.

全球塑料生产最近经历了急剧增长，预计将加速增长。为了减少与塑料生产和消费相关的环境影响，欧洲的政策呼吁增加塑料回收。聚苯乙烯是一种主要的商品塑料，具有良好的可回收性；然而，今天，聚苯乙烯的回收水平低于其他商品塑料。为了促进塑料循环和增加聚苯乙烯的回收，本研究以芬兰为例，调查了聚苯乙烯回收的原料可用性。探讨了含有聚苯乙烯的主要废物流：城市固体废物，塑料包装废物，建筑和拆除废物，以及来自电气和电子设备的废物。建立了一个基于电子表格的物料流模型，用于在不同情景模拟中估计从废物流中提取聚苯乙烯的情况。输入模型的数据是通过文献综述和专家访谈收集的。通过定制输入数据，可以将该模型应用于其他地区。研究结果表明，通过在建筑工地实施聚苯乙烯收集计划，从单独收集的塑料包装废物和废弃电子产品中提取聚苯乙烯，以及对剩余的城市固体废物进行工业后分类，聚苯乙烯的回收潜力巨大。研究结果表明，有超过1万吨聚苯乙烯作为回收原料的潜力，其中高达52000吨来自建筑行业，2600吨来自单独收集的塑料包装废物，1800吨来自电气和电子设备废物，3200吨来自剩余的城市固体废物。可以得出结论，芬兰的聚苯乙烯回收潜力巨大，这在一定程度上是由欧洲回收目标推动的。然而，塑料回收的一个主要障碍与缺乏与塑料废物流动有关的数据有关。

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Unlocking the potential of rice straw: Sustainable utilization strategies for Bangladesh 释放稻草的潜力：孟加拉国的可持续利用战略

Circular Economy

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cec.2025.100126

Bidhan Nath , Md Moudud Ahmmed , Subrata Paul , Md Durrul Huda , Mohammad Afzal Hossain , Sharmin Islam

Bangladesh annually produces vast amounts of rice straw. However, they have low utilization efficiency, with a significant portion being wasted, and are usually openly burned (cooking food/heating) by farmers, lost during collection, and discarded or directly burned in the field. Straw holds immense potential for conversion into valuable products beyond its raw form. In the 2021–2022 season alone, Bangladesh produced 52.25 million tons of rice straw, with an energy potential of 189.52 × 10⁹ MJ. This study provided tangible information on various aspects of rice straw, including its availability, distribution, energy potential, common uses, and causes and impact as waste. Moreover, it is a comparative analysis of traditional uses alongside recent innovation utilization of straw. Suggested management options incorporating multifaceted conversion strategies are explored to encourage alternative utilization, which requires policies and diverse initiatives with financial support. Innovative approaches, such as the conversion of straw to renewable energy, along with alternative application strategies, are highlighted as promising technologies that can enhance flexibility and efficiency in utilization. Moreover, a comparative analysis has been carried out on traditional straw uses alongside recent innovations in its utilization, such as biogas production, biofuel generation, biochar creation, and composting, alongside value-added applications such as papermaking and industrial materials. A strategic approach to overcoming challenges and leveraging opportunities in rice straw utilization through technological advancements is proposed, aiming for sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. The current study emphasizes the importance of further research, particularly in the exploration of industrial and commercial applications of rice straw, to maximize its potential as a valuable agricultural residue.

孟加拉国每年生产大量的稻草。但利用效率较低，有相当一部分被浪费，通常被农民公开焚烧（烹饪食物/加热），在收集过程中丢失，丢弃或直接在田间焚烧。秸秆具有巨大的潜力，可以将其转化为有价值的产品。仅在2021-2022年，孟加拉国就生产了5225万吨稻草，能源潜力为189.52 × 109兆焦耳。这项研究提供了关于稻草的各个方面的具体信息，包括稻草的可得性、分布、能源潜力、常见用途以及作为废物的原因和影响。此外，它是传统用途的比较分析与最近的创新利用秸秆。探讨了建议的管理办法，其中包括多方面的转换战略，以鼓励替代利用，这需要政策和有财政支助的各种倡议。将秸秆转化为可再生能源等创新方法以及其他应用战略被强调为有希望的技术，可以提高利用的灵活性和效率。此外，还对传统秸秆用途与最近的秸秆利用创新（如沼气生产、生物燃料生产、生物炭制造和堆肥）以及造纸和工业材料等增值应用进行了比较分析。提出了一种通过技术进步来克服挑战和利用机遇的战略方法，旨在实现可持续和环境友好的做法。目前的研究强调了进一步研究的重要性，特别是在探索水稻秸秆的工业和商业应用方面，以最大限度地发挥其作为有价值的农业残留物的潜力。

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