Co-combustion of coal and biomass reduced the net Carbon di-oxide emissions. The fluidized bed technology is best suited to burn biomass and coal combinations without major modifications to the combustion systems. Experimentation of large-scale CFBC boilers is uneconomical and time-consuming. Mathematical modelling has gained visibility in the last several decades and allows researchers to explore different circumstances and design optimization. The current research presents mathematical modelling of an industrial scale CFBC boiler (165 TPH CFBC Boiler for 100 MWe CPP) functioning in Hindalco Industries, Odisha, India, using co-combustion of coal and sawdust biomass (90 % coal + 10 % sawdust). The simulation is performed using the Eulerian-Eulerian multifluid model by considering the four different Eulerian phases (coal, sawdust, sand, and mixture gas). The kinetic theory of granular (KTGF) flows is used to model the collisions between bed material and fuel particles. User-defined functions (written in C programming language) are employed to model the reaction kinetics of heterogeneous chemical reactions. The numerical methodology is validated with the onsite industrial data of pressure drop, fluidized bed height, suspension density, bed voidage, and temperature variations. The comparison of pressure drop, fluidized bed height, axial velocity profiles, sand and mixture gas temperature variations, gas compositions, and pollutant emissions (Sulfur di-oxide and nitrous oxide) using solo coal and blended fuel are presented in the result section. Hydrodynamics steady reveals the recirculation of sand particles in the fluidized bed region of the boiler. The comparison of solo coal and blended fuel combustion study reveals an 11.42 % reduction in pressure drop, 13.17 % increase in oxygen mass fraction, 10.63 % reduction in carbon mono oxide mass fraction, 16.26 % reduction in Sulfur di-oxide mass fraction, and 7.17 % reduction in nitrous oxide mass fraction is observed at the boiler outlet while using the 10 % sawdust blends with 90 % coal.
{"title":"An Eulerian-Eulerian multifluid simulation for co-combustion of coal and sawdust in industrial scale circulating fluidized bed boiler","authors":"Vasujeet Singh, Pruthiviraj Nemalipuri, Harish Chandra Das, Vivek Vitankar","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-combustion of coal and biomass reduced the net Carbon di-oxide emissions. The fluidized bed technology is best suited to burn biomass and coal combinations without major modifications to the combustion systems. Experimentation of large-scale CFBC boilers is uneconomical and time-consuming. Mathematical modelling has gained visibility in the last several decades and allows researchers to explore different circumstances and design optimization. The current research presents mathematical modelling of an industrial scale CFBC boiler (165 TPH CFBC Boiler for 100 MWe CPP) functioning in Hindalco Industries, Odisha, India, using co-combustion of coal and sawdust biomass (90 % coal + 10 % sawdust). The simulation is performed using the Eulerian-Eulerian multifluid model by considering the four different Eulerian phases (coal, sawdust, sand, and mixture gas). The kinetic theory of granular (KTGF) flows is used to model the collisions between bed material and fuel particles. User-defined functions (written in C programming language) are employed to model the reaction kinetics of heterogeneous chemical reactions. The numerical methodology is validated with the onsite industrial data of pressure drop, fluidized bed height, suspension density, bed voidage, and temperature variations. The comparison of pressure drop, fluidized bed height, axial velocity profiles, sand and mixture gas temperature variations, gas compositions, and pollutant emissions (Sulfur di-oxide and nitrous oxide) using solo coal and blended fuel are presented in the result section. Hydrodynamics steady reveals the recirculation of sand particles in the fluidized bed region of the boiler. The comparison of solo coal and blended fuel combustion study reveals an 11.42 % reduction in pressure drop, 13.17 % increase in oxygen mass fraction, 10.63 % reduction in carbon mono oxide mass fraction, 16.26 % reduction in Sulfur di-oxide mass fraction, and 7.17 % reduction in nitrous oxide mass fraction is observed at the boiler outlet while using the 10 % sawdust blends with 90 % coal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expression of concern: “Forecasting solar energy generation in the mediterranean region up to 2030–2050 using convolutional neural networks (CNN)”","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cles.2024.100168
Ilham Sebbani , Mohammed Karim Ettouhami , Mouaad Boulakhbar
In the pursuit of establishing a sustainable fuel cell (FC) energy system, this review highlights the necessity of examining the operational principles, technical details, environmental consequences, and economic concerns collectively. By adopting an integrated approach, the review research into various fuel cells types, extending their applications beyond transportation and evaluating their potential for seamless integration into sustainable practices. A detailed analysis of the technical aspects, including FC membranes, performance, and applications, is presented. The environmental impact of hydrogen generation through fuel cell/electrolyzer is quantitatively assessed, emphasizing a comparative emission footprint against traditional hydrogen generation methods. Economic considerations of fuel cell technology adoption are explored through an extensive examination of market growth and forecasts, and investments into the FC systems. Some flagship commercial projects of FC technology are also discussed along with their future prospective. The article concludes with a thorough analysis of challenges associated with FC adoption, encompassing membrane research, performance hurdles, infrastructure development, and application-specific challenges. This all-round review serves as an indispensable tool for academicians and policymakers, providing a directed and comprehensive FC perspective.
{"title":"Fuel cells: A technical, environmental, and economic outlook","authors":"Ilham Sebbani , Mohammed Karim Ettouhami , Mouaad Boulakhbar","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the pursuit of establishing a sustainable fuel cell (FC) energy system, this review highlights the necessity of examining the operational principles, technical details, environmental consequences, and economic concerns collectively. By adopting an integrated approach, the review research into various fuel cells types, extending their applications beyond transportation and evaluating their potential for seamless integration into sustainable practices. A detailed analysis of the technical aspects, including FC membranes, performance, and applications, is presented. The environmental impact of hydrogen generation through fuel cell/electrolyzer is quantitatively assessed, emphasizing a comparative emission footprint against traditional hydrogen generation methods. Economic considerations of fuel cell technology adoption are explored through an extensive examination of market growth and forecasts, and investments into the FC systems. Some flagship commercial projects of FC technology are also discussed along with their future prospective. The article concludes with a thorough analysis of challenges associated with FC adoption, encompassing membrane research, performance hurdles, infrastructure development, and application-specific challenges. This all-round review serves as an indispensable tool for academicians and policymakers, providing a directed and comprehensive FC perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the significant rise in solar energy production across the Mediterranean region from 2010 to 2022, attributing this growth to technological advancements, cost reductions, and favorable geographic conditions. Utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, the research forecasts solar energy production for Spain, Egypt, Turkey, France, and Greece up to 2050. Results indicate that Spain is projected to lead with an estimated production of 42,547,680 watt-hours in the summer of 2050, while Turkey is anticipated to reach 20,528,640 watt-hours during the same period. The findings highlight robust growth in all analyzed countries due to increased investments in renewable energy infrastructure and supportive government policies. Quantitative analysis reveals a substantial decline in solar installation costs, exemplified by a decrease from $7.53 per watt in 2010 to $2.65 in 2021 in the U.S., which further stimulates solar energy expansion. The study emphasizes the critical role of government initiatives in promoting renewable energy adoption and outlines how solar energy can significantly contribute to reducing carbon emissions and enhancing energy security. Comparisons with regions such as the Middle East and southwestern United States suggest commonalities in solar potential but also highlight challenges posed by climatic variability and infrastructure differences. The robustness of the CNN model is demonstrated through its ability to integrate real-time climate data, enhancing forecasting accuracy by accounting for factors like solar radiation changes and extreme weather events. The research concludes by advocating for further refinement of the model through hybrid techniques and climate change scenario integration to bolster predictive capabilities. Overall, these insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers and energy producers in planning sustainable energy production strategies for the future.
{"title":"Forecasting solar energy generation in the mediterranean region up to 2030–2050 using convolutional neural networks (CNN)","authors":"Mahmood Abdoos , Hamidreza Rashidi , Pourya Esmaeili , Hossein Yousefi , Mohammad Hossein Jahangir","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the significant rise in solar energy production across the Mediterranean region from 2010 to 2022, attributing this growth to technological advancements, cost reductions, and favorable geographic conditions. Utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, the research forecasts solar energy production for Spain, Egypt, Turkey, France, and Greece up to 2050. Results indicate that Spain is projected to lead with an estimated production of 42,547,680 watt-hours in the summer of 2050, while Turkey is anticipated to reach 20,528,640 watt-hours during the same period. The findings highlight robust growth in all analyzed countries due to increased investments in renewable energy infrastructure and supportive government policies. Quantitative analysis reveals a substantial decline in solar installation costs, exemplified by a decrease from $7.53 per watt in 2010 to $2.65 in 2021 in the U.S., which further stimulates solar energy expansion. The study emphasizes the critical role of government initiatives in promoting renewable energy adoption and outlines how solar energy can significantly contribute to reducing carbon emissions and enhancing energy security. Comparisons with regions such as the Middle East and southwestern United States suggest commonalities in solar potential but also highlight challenges posed by climatic variability and infrastructure differences. The robustness of the CNN model is demonstrated through its ability to integrate real-time climate data, enhancing forecasting accuracy by accounting for factors like solar radiation changes and extreme weather events. The research concludes by advocating for further refinement of the model through hybrid techniques and climate change scenario integration to bolster predictive capabilities. Overall, these insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers and energy producers in planning sustainable energy production strategies for the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cles.2024.100164
Robert Muwanga, Irene Namugenyi, Benard Musekese Wabukala, Warren Tibesigwa, Patsy Vincent Katutsi
The relevance of social culture in determining energy consumption behaviour is repeatedly highlighted, yet it is still unclear how social-cultural factors affect the uptake of solar energy technologies- SETs. The study highlights social-cultural norms as one of the aspects rarely considered for solar energy adoption and utilises the Energy Cultures Framework to examine the influence of such norms on the acceptance and usage of solar energy technologies SETs at the household level. The study comprised a cross-sectional survey of households from three urban districts in central Uganda (n = 439), and data was analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling method. The results showed that moral and subjective norms positively and significantly influence the adoption of SETs. However, the influence of moral norms on adoption is relatively stronger than that of subjective norms on adoption. These findings imply that individual-level concerns and a sense of responsibility towards energy usage are more important than the collective societal behavioural requirement for SETs adoption. This study distinctively highlights the relevance of the different types of norms and offers valuable insights into households’ energy usage behaviour, which is essential for designing successful promotion campaigns for SETs and increasing the adoption and usage of more sustainable energy alternatives. Increased adoption of SETs is an important part in the development, implementation, and achievement of energy policy goals.
{"title":"Examining social-cultural norms affecting the adoption of solar energy technologies at the household level","authors":"Robert Muwanga, Irene Namugenyi, Benard Musekese Wabukala, Warren Tibesigwa, Patsy Vincent Katutsi","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relevance of social culture in determining energy consumption behaviour is repeatedly highlighted, yet it is still unclear how social-cultural factors affect the uptake of solar energy technologies- SETs. The study highlights social-cultural norms as one of the aspects rarely considered for solar energy adoption and utilises the Energy Cultures Framework to examine the influence of such norms on the acceptance and usage of solar energy technologies SETs at the household level. The study comprised a cross-sectional survey of households from three urban districts in central Uganda (<em>n</em> = 439), and data was analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling method. The results showed that moral and subjective norms positively and significantly influence the adoption of SETs. However, the influence of moral norms on adoption is relatively stronger than that of subjective norms on adoption. These findings imply that individual-level concerns and a sense of responsibility towards energy usage are more important than the collective societal behavioural requirement for SETs adoption. This study distinctively highlights the relevance of the different types of norms and offers valuable insights into households’ energy usage behaviour, which is essential for designing successful promotion campaigns for SETs and increasing the adoption and usage of more sustainable energy alternatives. Increased adoption of SETs is an important part in the development, implementation, and achievement of energy policy goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electromobility (EM) has emerged as a promising solution to achieve carbon neutrality goals by replacing traditional fossil fuel-powered transportation with electric vehicles (EVs). This sustainable transportation option significantly reduces energy consumption and eliminates greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to mitigating climate change and improving air quality. While some countries have implemented strategies to promote EM adoption, emerging economies like Brazil face complex challenges. This research employs Q-methodology to explore the viewpoints and opinions of Brazilian specialists in the field of EM, identifying challenges and opportunities for successful adoption. The study also examines the broader implications for emerging countries and their automotive industries. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing EV costs, propulsion technologies, and the need for government incentives and policies. Additionally, the research highlights the role of education and urban mobility in promoting EM. While the study offers valuable insights, it acknowledges limitations in the sample and suggests future research directions.
{"title":"Electromobility strategy on emerging economies: Beyond selling electric vehicles","authors":"Sérgio Roberto Knorr Velho , Artur Santana Guedes Vanderlinde , Antônio Henrique Aguiar Almeida , Sanderson César Macêdo Barbalho","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromobility (EM) has emerged as a promising solution to achieve carbon neutrality goals by replacing traditional fossil fuel-powered transportation with electric vehicles (EVs). This sustainable transportation option significantly reduces energy consumption and eliminates greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to mitigating climate change and improving air quality. While some countries have implemented strategies to promote EM adoption, emerging economies like Brazil face complex challenges. This research employs Q-methodology to explore the viewpoints and opinions of Brazilian specialists in the field of EM, identifying challenges and opportunities for successful adoption. The study also examines the broader implications for emerging countries and their automotive industries. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing EV costs, propulsion technologies, and the need for government incentives and policies. Additionally, the research highlights the role of education and urban mobility in promoting EM. While the study offers valuable insights, it acknowledges limitations in the sample and suggests future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cles.2024.100158
Caifei Luo, Keyu Zhang
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal).
< This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors.
Post-publication, the authors found that using these data, which are not based on officially published documents, as a foundation for scenario setting could lead to significant deviations in the final simulation results. Thus, the authors feel that the findings of the manuscript cannot be relied upon and that the article needs to be retracted.
The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused to the readers.>
{"title":"Retraction notice to “Elasticity of substitution between clean energy and non-clean energy: Evidence from the Chinese electricity industry” [Cleaner Energy Systems 8 (2024) 100117]","authors":"Caifei Luo, Keyu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (<span><span>https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div><div>< This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors.</div><div>Post-publication, the authors found that using these data, which are not based on officially published documents, as a foundation for scenario setting could lead to significant deviations in the final simulation results. Thus, the authors feel that the findings of the manuscript cannot be relied upon and that the article needs to be retracted.</div><div>The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused to the readers.></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cles.2024.100160
Juliet Attah , Latifatu Mohammed , Andrew Nyamful , Paulina Donkor , Anita Asamoah , Mohammed Nafiu Zainudeen , John Adjah , Charles K. Klutse , Sylvester Attakorah Birikorang , Frederick Agyemang , Owiredu Gyampo
The urgent need to address climate change has prompted researchers to explore sustainable power generation methods using low or net-zero fuels and energy storage. Historically, gases derived from acetylene or LPG have been used for welding in factories. Despite its negative effects on the environment and human health, acetylene gas remains widely used. Examples of pollutants released from acetylene gas include carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, both of which contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming. There is a need for an alternative gas that is environmentally friendly, economically viable, and readily available. Hydrogen gas is currently used across various industries and is increasingly considered a potential primary fuel source for the future. In this study, a hydrogen fuel cell was used to produce HHO (brown) gas as a replacement for acetylene through electrolysis. The HHO gas was used to weld a randomly selected test piece, which was then evaluated alongside an acetylene-welded test piece. The integrity of both welds was assessed using dye-penetrant and radiographic testing, showing that welds from both gases were strong. Welding with HHO gas, followed by non-destructive inspection, also proved effective, with any defects attributed to inexperience in welding. The adoption of HHO gas in the welding industry is recommended due to its potential socio-economic benefits, health advantages, and environmental friendliness. Challenges related to initial investment costs may be mitigated as technology advances. Further research should focus on qualitative weld testing, economic and environmental impact assessments, and developing a business model for HHO systems.
{"title":"Oxy-hydrogen gas as a sustainable fuel for the welding industry: Alternative for oxy-acetylene gas","authors":"Juliet Attah , Latifatu Mohammed , Andrew Nyamful , Paulina Donkor , Anita Asamoah , Mohammed Nafiu Zainudeen , John Adjah , Charles K. Klutse , Sylvester Attakorah Birikorang , Frederick Agyemang , Owiredu Gyampo","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgent need to address climate change has prompted researchers to explore sustainable power generation methods using low or net-zero fuels and energy storage. Historically, gases derived from acetylene or LPG have been used for welding in factories. Despite its negative effects on the environment and human health, acetylene gas remains widely used. Examples of pollutants released from acetylene gas include carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, both of which contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming. There is a need for an alternative gas that is environmentally friendly, economically viable, and readily available. Hydrogen gas is currently used across various industries and is increasingly considered a potential primary fuel source for the future. In this study, a hydrogen fuel cell was used to produce HHO (brown) gas as a replacement for acetylene through electrolysis. The HHO gas was used to weld a randomly selected test piece, which was then evaluated alongside an acetylene-welded test piece. The integrity of both welds was assessed using dye-penetrant and radiographic testing, showing that welds from both gases were strong. Welding with HHO gas, followed by non-destructive inspection, also proved effective, with any defects attributed to inexperience in welding. The adoption of HHO gas in the welding industry is recommended due to its potential socio-economic benefits, health advantages, and environmental friendliness. Challenges related to initial investment costs may be mitigated as technology advances. Further research should focus on qualitative weld testing, economic and environmental impact assessments, and developing a business model for HHO systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cles.2024.100161
Erik López-Basto , Gijsbert Korevaar , Samantha Eleanor Tanzer , Andrea Ramírez Ramírez
<div><div>This paper evaluates the potential impacts of introducing low-carbon intensity hydrogen technologies in two oil refineries with different complexity levels, emphasizing the role of hydrogen production in reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The novelty of this work lies in three key aspects: Comprehensive system analysis of refinery complexity using real site data, integration of low-carbon Hydrogen technologies, long-term and short-term strategies. Two Colombian refineries serve as case studies, with technological solutions adapted to their complexity levels. The methodology involves evaluating different options for hydrogen production, accounting for improvement in technological efficiency over time.</div><div>The refinery systems were evaluated in a cost-optimization model built in Linny-r. Three different scenarios were considered, Business-As-Usual (BAU), high, and low-ambitions decarbonization scenarios, focusing on the time horizons of 2030 and 2050.</div><div>When comparing the two case studies, the preferred decarbonization strategy for both facilities involves the substitution of SMR technology with water electrolyzers powered by renewable electricity. Post-2030, biomass-based hydrogen technology is still a costly alternative; however, to achieve CO<sub>2</sub> neutrality, negative emissions storage of biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emerges as an achievable alternative.</div><div>Our results indicate the achievability of CO<sub>2</sub> reduction objectives in both refineries. Our results show that achieving long-term CO<sub>2</sub> neutrality requires both refineries to increase renewable electricity production by 5 to 6 times for powering water electrolyzers, steam production by 2 to 2.5 times for CO<sub>2</sub> capture, and supply of dry biomass by 2.6 to 4.5 kt/d.</div><div>The two most significant factors influencing the refining net margin in the decarbonization scenarios are primarily the CO<sub>2</sub> and the renewable electricity prices. The short-term horizon emerges as the pivotal period, particularly within the high-ambition decarbonization scenarios. In this context, the medium complexity refinery demonstrates economic viability until a CO<sub>2</sub> price of 140 €/t CO<sub>2</sub>, while the high complexity refinery endures up to 205 €/t CO<sub>2</sub>.</div><div>The high complexity refinery is better prepared to face the challenges of decarbonization and the impacts generated on the refining margin. Compared to the BAU scenario, the high complexity refinery shows a negative impact on the net margin that corresponds to a 40 % and 5 % reduction in the short and long term, respectively. Meanwhile, for the medium complexity refinery, the impact on net margin amounts to a 52 % reduction in the short term and a 27 % improvement in the long term.</div><div>Furthermore, our research highlights the significant potential for reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by fully eliminating the use of refinery gas as fuel, providing alternat
{"title":"Assessing the impacts of low-carbon intensity hydrogen integration in oil refineries","authors":"Erik López-Basto , Gijsbert Korevaar , Samantha Eleanor Tanzer , Andrea Ramírez Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper evaluates the potential impacts of introducing low-carbon intensity hydrogen technologies in two oil refineries with different complexity levels, emphasizing the role of hydrogen production in reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The novelty of this work lies in three key aspects: Comprehensive system analysis of refinery complexity using real site data, integration of low-carbon Hydrogen technologies, long-term and short-term strategies. Two Colombian refineries serve as case studies, with technological solutions adapted to their complexity levels. The methodology involves evaluating different options for hydrogen production, accounting for improvement in technological efficiency over time.</div><div>The refinery systems were evaluated in a cost-optimization model built in Linny-r. Three different scenarios were considered, Business-As-Usual (BAU), high, and low-ambitions decarbonization scenarios, focusing on the time horizons of 2030 and 2050.</div><div>When comparing the two case studies, the preferred decarbonization strategy for both facilities involves the substitution of SMR technology with water electrolyzers powered by renewable electricity. Post-2030, biomass-based hydrogen technology is still a costly alternative; however, to achieve CO<sub>2</sub> neutrality, negative emissions storage of biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emerges as an achievable alternative.</div><div>Our results indicate the achievability of CO<sub>2</sub> reduction objectives in both refineries. Our results show that achieving long-term CO<sub>2</sub> neutrality requires both refineries to increase renewable electricity production by 5 to 6 times for powering water electrolyzers, steam production by 2 to 2.5 times for CO<sub>2</sub> capture, and supply of dry biomass by 2.6 to 4.5 kt/d.</div><div>The two most significant factors influencing the refining net margin in the decarbonization scenarios are primarily the CO<sub>2</sub> and the renewable electricity prices. The short-term horizon emerges as the pivotal period, particularly within the high-ambition decarbonization scenarios. In this context, the medium complexity refinery demonstrates economic viability until a CO<sub>2</sub> price of 140 €/t CO<sub>2</sub>, while the high complexity refinery endures up to 205 €/t CO<sub>2</sub>.</div><div>The high complexity refinery is better prepared to face the challenges of decarbonization and the impacts generated on the refining margin. Compared to the BAU scenario, the high complexity refinery shows a negative impact on the net margin that corresponds to a 40 % and 5 % reduction in the short and long term, respectively. Meanwhile, for the medium complexity refinery, the impact on net margin amounts to a 52 % reduction in the short term and a 27 % improvement in the long term.</div><div>Furthermore, our research highlights the significant potential for reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by fully eliminating the use of refinery gas as fuel, providing alternat","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This manuscript introduces an innovative Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy to improve the efficiency of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) equipped with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) under variable wind conditions. The proposed approach integrates Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) with the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, effectively addressing challenges such as external disturbances and fluctuating wind environments. By combining ADRC with P&O control, the system achieves enhanced tracking performance and adaptability.To validate the added value of this approach, we compare it with a traditional P&O strategy combined with Proportional Integral (PI) control. For the PI-based method, controller parameters Kp and Ki are optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to enhance control precision. The Integrated Time Absolute Error (ITAE) objective function is employed to fine-tune these parameters, further optimizing system performance. Our analysis underscores the superiority of ADRC in disturbance rejection and quick adaptability over the PI approach.The proposed strategy is tested under two distinct wind speed profiles—constant and fluctuating—through time-domain simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of the ADRC-P&O method, highlighting its effectiveness in maximizing power extraction from wind energy and proving its potential for real-world applications. This study offers a significant advancement in wind energy technology by providing a robust and efficient solution for MPPT in WECS.
{"title":"Enhancing Wind Energy Conversion Efficiency: A Novel MPPT Approach Using P&O with ADRC Controllers versus PI Controllers with Kp and Ki Optimization via Genetic Algorithm and Ant Colony Optimization","authors":"Najoua Mrabet , Chirine Benzazah , Chakib Mohssine , El akkary Ahmed , Khouili Driss , Rerhrhaye Badr , Lahlouh Ilyas","doi":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cles.2024.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This manuscript introduces an innovative Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy to improve the efficiency of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) equipped with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) under variable wind conditions. The proposed approach integrates Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) with the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, effectively addressing challenges such as external disturbances and fluctuating wind environments. By combining ADRC with P&O control, the system achieves enhanced tracking performance and adaptability.To validate the added value of this approach, we compare it with a traditional P&O strategy combined with Proportional Integral (PI) control. For the PI-based method, controller parameters Kp and Ki are optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to enhance control precision. The Integrated Time Absolute Error (ITAE) objective function is employed to fine-tune these parameters, further optimizing system performance. Our analysis underscores the superiority of ADRC in disturbance rejection and quick adaptability over the PI approach.The proposed strategy is tested under two distinct wind speed profiles—constant and fluctuating—through time-domain simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of the ADRC-P&O method, highlighting its effectiveness in maximizing power extraction from wind energy and proving its potential for real-world applications. This study offers a significant advancement in wind energy technology by providing a robust and efficient solution for MPPT in WECS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100252,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Energy Systems","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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