Cleaner Waste Systems最新文献_第4页

Beyond intuition: How consumer choices on packaging and valorization can reduce apple food waste and their impact 超越直觉：消费者对包装和价格的选择如何减少苹果食品浪费及其影响

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100424

Freya Michiels , Astrid Stalmans , Yanne Goossens , Annemie Geeraerd

Nowadays, a lot of effort goes into promoting food loss and waste reduction and this often without estimating the actual effectiveness and resource efficiency of different options concerning environmental impact reduction. In this study, we aim to go beyond intuitive choices on matters visible to the consumer: packaging in the supermarket and actions at household level for those apples the consumer no longer wishes to eat fresh. The intuitive choices could be phrased as: "go for large cardboard packages” and “valorise your apples into apple sauce or apple chips if they no longer appear crispy fresh, rather than throwing them in the bin”. For our analysis, we build on our previously published study on the environmental impact of the Belgian apple-chain. First, we compare different packaging materials (only cardboard, cardboard—plastic combination or only plastic) and packaging sizes (per 4 or per 6) to assess the impact of reduced losses at the shop. Second, we studied which of two valorization steps (apple sauce or apple chips) should be recommended to consumers who might elsewise dispose of those apples that no longer appear crispy fresh to them. For the packaging, the life cycle assessment showed that packaging apples in plastic per 4 could have beneficial effects, but proper waste management should be assured. At the household level, the environmental benefits of valorizing waste apples strongly depend on how energy intensive the needed kitchen appliance is. The ranking of the different options was however similar across the various impact categories considered. In general, making apple sauce in a microwave was the preferable option compared to treating the apple as waste, while making apple chips was not preferable. The results illustrate that it is important to go beyond intuition when considering the best food loss and waste options and that proper life cycle assessment calculations are essential to do this.

如今，人们在促进减少粮食损失和浪费方面付出了大量努力，但这往往没有估计减少环境影响的不同选择的实际效果和资源效率。在这项研究中，我们的目标是在消费者可见的问题上超越直觉选择：超市的包装和消费者不再希望吃新鲜苹果的家庭层面的行动。直观的选择可以表述为：“选择大的硬纸板包装”和“如果苹果看起来不再酥脆新鲜，就把它们做成苹果酱或苹果片，而不是把它们扔进垃圾桶”。在我们的分析中，我们以之前发表的关于比利时苹果链对环境影响的研究为基础。首先，我们比较了不同的包装材料（只有硬纸板，纸板-塑料组合或只有塑料）和包装尺寸（每4或每6），以评估减少商店损失的影响。其次，我们研究了应该向消费者推荐两种增值步骤（苹果酱或苹果片）中的哪一种，否则消费者可能会扔掉那些对他们来说不再酥脆新鲜的苹果。对于包装，生命周期评估表明，每4个苹果包装塑料可能会产生有益的影响，但应确保适当的废物管理。在家庭层面上，废弃苹果的环境效益很大程度上取决于所需厨房电器的能源密集程度。然而，在考虑的各种影响类别中，不同选择的排名是相似的。一般来说，用微波炉制作苹果酱比把苹果当作废物处理要好，而制作苹果片则不可取。研究结果表明，在考虑最佳的粮食损失和浪费方案时，超越直觉是很重要的，而正确的生命周期评估计算对于做到这一点至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological responses to anthropogenic stress: Restoring degraded landscapes from galamsey activities in Ghana – A review 人为压力下的生态响应：恢复加纳galamsey活动导致的退化景观-综述

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100423

Kwame Anokye , Lois Okyere Darko

Illegal small-scale mining (galamsey) in Ghana has caused severe ecological degradation, including deforestation, soil depletion, biodiversity loss, and water contamination. This review synthesizes existing literature on the environmental impacts of galamsey and evaluates restoration strategies employed in affected landscapes such as the Atewa Range and Offin River Basin. Using a systematic narrative review methodology, peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and grey literature were analyzed to assess degradation patterns, restoration interventions, and implementation challenges. Empirical findings indicate that major rivers, including the Pra and Ankobra, are heavily polluted with mercury and cyanide, exceeding WHO safety limits. Deforestation rates in mining zones have significantly reduced carbon sequestration, contributing to climate vulnerability. Restoration strategies—such as afforestation, biochar application, and phytoremediation—have had mixed success due to weak policy enforcement, financial constraints, and low community engagement. The novelty of this study lies in its integration of global best practices, such as China's policy-driven land reclamation and Brazil's agroforestry-based restoration, into a localized framework for sustainable rehabilitation in Ghana. The findings emphasize the need for adaptive restoration techniques, stronger regulatory mechanisms, and community-inclusive approaches to enhance ecological resilience. Limitations include the reliance on secondary data, highlighting the need for field-based validation of restoration outcomes. Future research should explore long-term ecological monitoring and innovative restoration models specific to Ghana’s socio-environmental conditions.

加纳的非法小规模采矿（galamsey）造成了严重的生态退化，包括森林砍伐、土壤枯竭、生物多样性丧失和水污染。本文综合了现有关于galamsey对环境影响的文献，并评估了受影响景观（如Atewa山脉和Offin河流域）的恢复策略。采用系统的叙述性评价方法，对同行评议文章、政府报告和灰色文献进行分析，以评估退化模式、恢复干预措施和实施挑战。实证结果表明，包括普拉河和安科布拉河在内的主要河流受到汞和氰化物的严重污染，超过了世卫组织的安全限制。矿区的森林砍伐率大大降低了碳固存，加剧了气候脆弱性。由于政策执行不力、资金限制和社区参与度低，植树造林、生物炭应用和植物修复等恢复策略成败参半。这项研究的新颖之处在于，它将全球最佳实践（如中国的政策驱动的土地复垦和巴西的基于农林业的恢复）整合到加纳的可持续恢复本地化框架中。研究结果强调需要适应性恢复技术、更强有力的监管机制和社区包容性方法来增强生态弹性。局限性包括对二手数据的依赖，强调需要基于现场的恢复结果验证。未来的研究应探索长期的生态监测和创新的恢复模式，具体到加纳的社会环境条件。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable solutions with AHP, reliability, and HAN-fuzzy sensitivity analysis for landfills in Saudi Arabia 可持续解决方案与AHP，可靠性，和汉模糊敏感性分析在沙特阿拉伯的垃圾填埋场

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100419

Saidur Rahman Chowdhury , Zainab H.A. Alnaser , Ikrema Hassan , Sani I. Abba

Landfills in arid and hot regions pose unique challenges due to accelerated decomposition rates and heightened risks of environmental contamination. This study explores the processes, treatment methods, and design considerations critical for managing waste in such extreme environments. Focusing on Saudi Arabia as a case study, the analysis highlights the need for climate-specific solutions to improve the design and operational efficiency of landfills. To identify key sustainability drivers, a hybrid sensitivity framework combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a Hybrid Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (HAN-Fuzzy) was employed. AHP-derived weights ranged from 0.07 to 0.43, reflecting expert prioritization of variables such as resource reservoir (RR), design, construction & maintenance costs (DS and M&O), and site selection (SS). In contrast, HAN-Fuzzy revealed that RR was the most influential variable (RMSE = 3.29 × 10⁻⁶), followed by DS and M&O (RMSE = 2.20 × 10⁻⁵) and SS (RMSE = 3.28 × 10⁻⁵), illustrating a notable divergence between expert perception and data-driven impact. The findings underscore the importance of aligning strategic planning with both stakeholder input and empirical sensitivity outputs. The study offers actionable insights for policymakers, landfill operators, and environmental engineers seeking to optimize waste management in arid regions. Future directions include incorporating predictive modeling, advanced biodegradation technologies, and stakeholder engagement frameworks, all in alignment with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 goals for sustainable resource use and environmental resilience.

干旱和炎热地区的垃圾填埋场由于分解速度加快和环境污染风险增加而构成独特的挑战。本研究探讨了在这种极端环境中管理废物的关键过程、处理方法和设计考虑。该分析以沙特阿拉伯为例，强调需要针对气候变化的解决方案，以提高垃圾填埋场的设计和运营效率。为了识别关键的可持续性驱动因素，采用层次分析法（AHP）和混合自适应神经模糊推理系统（HAN-Fuzzy）相结合的混合敏感性框架。ahp衍生的权重范围从0.07到0.43，反映了专家对资源储备（RR）、设计、建设和维护成本（DS和M&；O）和选址（SS）等变量的优先级。相反，HAN-Fuzzy发现RR是最具影响力的变量（RMSE = 3.29 × 10⁻⁶），其次是DS和M&； 0 （RMSE = 2.20 × 10毒发展）和SS （RMSE = 3.28 × 10毒发展），这说明了专家的看法和数据驱动的影响之间的显著差异。研究结果强调了将战略规划与利益相关者投入和经验敏感性产出相一致的重要性。该研究为寻求优化干旱地区废物管理的政策制定者、垃圾填埋场运营商和环境工程师提供了可行的见解。未来的发展方向包括整合预测建模、先进的生物降解技术和利益相关者参与框架，所有这些都符合沙特阿拉伯关于可持续资源利用和环境复原力的2030年愿景目标。

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引用次数: 0

Circular economy in education: Determinants of school recycling intentions and behaviors for inorganic waste 教育中的循环经济：学校无机废弃物回收意向和行为的决定因素

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100420

Dewi Kusuma Wardani , Budi Wahyono , Fransisca Rachmawati Indira , Diya Rofika Rahmawati , Rizka Andriyati

Research on recycling intentions and behaviors in educational contexts, particularly at the primary education level, remains underexplored. This study investigates the determinants of recycling intentions and behaviors, focusing on inorganic waste management in primary schools, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the circular economy framework. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from principals and teachers representing 401 public primary schools across Central Java, Indonesia. The results reveal that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly influence recycling intentions, while perceived behavioral control, intentions, pressures, enablers, and barriers significantly affect recycling behaviors. However, barriers such as limited resources and inadequate technical knowledge hinder the effective translation of intentions into actual behaviors. These findings underscore the critical role of school leadership, environmental attitudes, and external pressures in fostering sustainable recycling behaviors in schools.

在教育背景下，特别是在小学教育一级，对回收意图和行为的研究仍未得到充分探讨。本研究运用计划行为理论（TPB）和循环经济框架，以小学无机废弃物管理为研究对象，探讨了影响小学生回收意向和行为的因素。数据通过结构化问卷从印度尼西亚中爪哇省401所公立小学的校长和教师中收集。结果表明，态度、主观规范和感知行为控制显著影响回收意向，感知行为控制、意向、压力、使能因素和障碍显著影响回收行为。然而，资源有限和技术知识不足等障碍阻碍了将意图有效地转化为实际行为。这些发现强调了学校领导、环境态度和外部压力在促进学校可持续回收行为中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Employing response surface methodology in the production of sustainable PC yarn from recycled polyester and recycled cotton 利用响应面法在再生涤纶和再生棉可持续纺纱生产中应用

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100421

Riffat Islam , Md. Bashar Uddin , Mohammad Rashel Hawlader , Ahmed Jalal Uddin

The textile sector has been rapidly shifting toward recycled fibers, propelled by the growing ecological concerns, compliance requirements of the circular textiles strategy, volatile virgin-fiber prices, and a growing demand from eco-aware consumers for sustainable clothing. In light of these trends, this study aims to create eco-friendly and sustainable polyester-cotton (PC) yarns by optimizing the use of recycled fibers. Specifically, the research replaces virgin polyester entirely with recycled polyester and incorporates recycled cotton to reduce reliance on virgin cotton. An I-optimal mixture design, a component of Response Surface Methodology (RSM), was applied to determine the ideal blend ratio of recycled polyester, recycled cotton, and virgin cotton while satisfying the desired yarn strength and elongation required for fabric production. The design expert software recommended sixteen experimental runs with distinct blend ratios. The responses (quality parameters) of the sample yarns were evaluated, and regression analysis along with ANOVA was conducted to develop predictive models and response surface equations for each response. The analysis identified an optimal fiber blend consisting of 70 % recycled polyester, 18 % recycled cotton, and 12 % virgin cotton. Yarns produced using this optimized composition exhibited properties closely aligning with the predicted values, thereby validating the effectiveness of the I-optimal mixture design in optimizing fiber blends and reliably forecasting yarn characteristics.

受日益增长的生态问题、循环纺织品战略的合规要求、原始纤维价格的波动以及具有生态意识的消费者对可持续服装日益增长的需求的推动，纺织行业正迅速转向回收纤维。鉴于这些趋势，本研究旨在通过优化回收纤维的使用来创造环保和可持续的涤棉（PC）纱线。具体来说，这项研究完全用再生聚酯取代了原始聚酯，并加入了再生棉，以减少对原始棉的依赖。作为响应面法（RSM）的一个组成部分，采用i -最优混纺设计来确定再生涤纶、再生棉和原棉的理想混纺比例，同时满足织物生产所需的纱线强度和伸长率。设计专家软件推荐了16个不同混合比例的实验运行。评估样品纱线的响应（质量参数），并进行回归分析和方差分析，建立预测模型和响应面方程。分析确定了最佳纤维混纺由70% %再生聚酯，18% %再生棉和12% %原棉组成。使用该优化成分生产的纱线的性能与预测值非常接近，从而验证了i -最优混纺设计在优化纤维混纺和可靠预测纱线特性方面的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Recycling technologies for brominated flame-retardant plastics in e-waste 电子垃圾中溴化阻燃塑料的回收技术

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100418

Sherif Farag , Yara Farag , Mai Attia

With the fast-growing worldwide population and the large use of electronic gadgets, electronic waste (e-waste) plastics—which compose 25–30 % of total e-waste—have become rather common. Landfilled or burned non-biodegradable plastics include hazardous brominated flame retardants (BFRs), which pose hazards to human health and the environment. Thus, methods for sustainable recycling are rather crucial. This work is a comprehensive literature review based on an extensive search across a wide range of major databases and critical screening of the existing studies; no new laboratory experiments were performed. Investigated in this review work are novel methods for recycling e-waste plastics containing BFRs—including solvent extraction, hydrothermal treatment, supercritical CO₂ extraction, microwave-assisted pyrolysis, and catalytic pyrolysis— were reported in this literature. Of these methods, microwave-assisted pyrolysis has shown maximum performance in optimizing material recovery and breaking down BFRs. Across the reviewed studies, it was found that microwave facilitates selective breakdown, improves heating efficiency, and helps to gather important byproducts including hydrocarbons, metals, and bromine compounds, therefore enabling a more sustainable e-waste treatment system. Moreover, this review work offers a complete knowledge of the thermal degradation behaviour of significant BFRs, including hexabromocyclodecane (HBCD) isomers and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), so evaluating the efficacy of several removal procedures for these hazardous chemicals. Better knowledge of successful BFRs recycling helps researchers to build ecologically viable industrial applications and circular economy solutions. The results motivate resource recovery and minimize the environmental impact of electronic waste disposal, thereby guiding next research and development in e-waste plastic recycling.

随着全球人口的快速增长和电子产品的大量使用，电子垃圾（电子垃圾）塑料——占电子垃圾总量的25-30 %——已经变得相当普遍。填埋或焚烧的不可生物降解塑料包括有害的溴化阻燃剂（BFRs），对人类健康和环境构成危害。因此，可持续回收的方法是相当重要的。这项工作是一项全面的文献综述，基于广泛的主要数据库的广泛搜索和现有研究的关键筛选；没有进行新的实验室实验。本文综述了含溴化阻燃剂的电子废塑料回收的新方法，包括溶剂萃取法、水热法、超临界co2萃取法、微波辅助热解法和催化热解法。在这些方法中，微波辅助热解在优化材料回收和分解BFRs方面表现出最大的性能。在审查的研究中，发现微波有助于选择性分解，提高加热效率，并有助于收集重要的副产品，包括碳氢化合物，金属和溴化合物，从而实现更可持续的电子废物处理系统。此外，这项综述工作提供了重要的生物燃料的热降解行为的完整知识，包括六溴环癸烷（HBCD）异构体和四溴双酚a (TBBPA)，因此评估了几种去除这些危险化学品的方法的效果。更好地了解成功的bfr回收可以帮助研究人员建立生态上可行的工业应用和循环经济解决方案。研究结果激发了资源回收，最大限度地减少了电子废物处理对环境的影响，从而指导了电子废塑料回收的下一步研究和开发。

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引用次数: 0

Black Soldier Fly Larvae as a circular solution for organic waste management and sustainable livestock feed in Ghana 黑兵蝇幼虫是加纳有机废物管理和可持续牲畜饲料的循环解决方案

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100416

Kwame Anokye

Organic waste management and livestock feed security remain critical challenges in Ghana, worsened by inefficient waste disposal systems, high feed costs, and environmental degradation. Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) technology presents an innovative, circular bioeconomy solution by simultaneously addressing these issues through waste bioconversion and sustainable feed production. This study evaluates the feasibility of BSFL technology in Ghana, integrating economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Using a narrative literature review, data from peer-reviewed journals, institutional reports, and case studies were synthesized to assess their potential applications, benefits, and barriers to adoption. Key findings reveal that BSFL-based bioconversion can reduce organic waste volume by up to 85.5 %, significantly mitigating landfill dependency and greenhouse gas emissions. Economically, BSFL meal provides a cost-effective alternative to fishmeal and soybean meal, with potential feed cost reductions of up to 30 %, enhancing profitability for poultry and aquaculture farmers. Socially, consumer acceptance studies indicate that over 87 % of surveyed individuals in Ghana and neighboring countries are open to consuming animal products derived from BSFL-fed livestock. However, challenges such as high initial investment costs, regulatory gaps, and limited public awareness hinder widespread adoption. The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis of BSFL’s integration into Ghana’s circular economy, bridging knowledge gaps on its economic viability, policy implications, and social acceptance. To accelerate large-scale adoption, the study recommends the development of a National Insect Farming Policy, financial incentives for BSFL entrepreneurs, and nationwide public education campaigns. A multi-stakeholder approach involving government agencies, private sector actors, and research institutions is crucial for effective implementation. Urgent action is required to position BSFL as a transformative tool in waste management and food security, ensuring long-term sustainability and resilience in Ghana’s agricultural sector.

有机废物管理和牲畜饲料安全仍然是加纳面临的重大挑战，废物处理系统效率低下、饲料成本高企和环境退化使情况更加恶化。黑兵蝇幼虫（BSFL）技术通过废物生物转化和可持续饲料生产同时解决这些问题，提出了一种创新的循环生物经济解决方案。本研究综合经济、环境和社会维度，评估了BSFL技术在加纳的可行性。采用叙述性文献综述，综合了来自同行评议期刊、机构报告和案例研究的数据，以评估它们的潜在应用、效益和采用障碍。主要研究结果表明，基于bsfl的生物转化可以减少高达85.5% %的有机废物量，显著减轻对垃圾填埋场的依赖和温室气体排放。从经济上讲，BSFL粉是鱼粉和豆粕的一种具有成本效益的替代品，饲料成本可能降低高达30% %，提高了家禽和水产养殖户的盈利能力。在社会方面，消费者接受度研究表明，在加纳及其邻国接受调查的个人中，超过87% %的人愿意消费由bsfl饲养的牲畜生产的动物产品。然而，诸如初始投资成本高、监管缺口和公众意识有限等挑战阻碍了广泛采用。本研究的新颖之处在于它全面分析了BSFL融入加纳循环经济的情况，弥合了其经济可行性、政策影响和社会接受度方面的知识差距。为了加速大规模采用，该研究建议制定国家昆虫养殖政策，为BSFL企业家提供财政激励，并在全国范围内开展公众教育活动。涉及政府机构、私营部门行为体和研究机构的多方利益攸关方方法对于有效实施至关重要。需要采取紧急行动，将BSFL定位为废物管理和粮食安全的变革性工具，确保加纳农业部门的长期可持续性和复原力。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable biofuel production from waste potato residue in South Africa: Bibliometric analysis and SWOT appraisal 南非马铃薯渣可持续生物燃料生产：文献计量学分析和SWOT评估

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100417

Isaac A. Sanusi , Stella B. Eregie , Abimbola E. Oluwalana , Sinenhlanhla L. Mweli , Jeremia S. Sefadi , Ayodeji E. Adedoyin , Michael O. Olusanya , Gbenga P. Sanusi , Johnson O. Adelakun

South Africa energy consumption will increase due to increasing urbanisation and industrialisation. A major part of this energy need is met by fossil fuel that is predominantly (>60 %) sourced through imports (>13 billion litres). This increase in energy consumption, coupled with high reliance on fuel importation, presents huge challenge to South Africa's energy security. Also, the excessive consumption of fossil fuels has raised key environmental issues. Therefore, exploring biofuel production from agricultural waste such as potato residue is desirable. This review reports a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and bibliometric analyses to assess the feasibility and potential of biofuel production from potato residue in South Africa. It also examined South Africa biofuel economics in the context of renewable energy development and sustainability. Potato residue as a feedstock for biofuels is abundant, and has high useful carbohydrate content for biofuel production. Weaknesses that could limit potato residue valorisation for biofuel production are its seasonal availability and high perishability. Opportunities for biofuels from potato residue in South Africa include potato residue disposal management, the potential for rural development, increase internal revenue with future external revenue possibility and reduced dependence on crude oil and coal. Foreseeable threats are needed investment, market readiness and variabilities, technological readiness, and government policy as well as commitment. This analytical review elucidates valuable scientific perspectives into the viability, potential bottlenecks, and opportunities for biofuel production from potato residue in South Africa.

由于城市化和工业化程度的提高，南非的能源消耗将会增加。这种能源需求的主要部分是由化石燃料满足的，化石燃料主要通过进口（130亿升）获得（60% %）。能源消费的增加，加上对燃料进口的高度依赖，对南非的能源安全构成了巨大的挑战。此外，化石燃料的过度消耗也引发了关键的环境问题。因此，从马铃薯渣等农业废弃物中探索生物燃料生产是可取的。这篇综述报告了SWOT（优势、劣势、机会、威胁）和文献计量分析，以评估南非马铃薯渣生产生物燃料的可行性和潜力。它还在可再生能源发展和可持续性的背景下审查了南非生物燃料经济学。马铃薯渣作为生物燃料的原料储量丰富，且碳水化合物含量高，可用于生物燃料的生产。可能限制马铃薯残留物用于生物燃料生产的弱点是其季节性可用性和高易腐性。南非利用马铃薯渣生产生物燃料的机会包括：马铃薯渣处理管理、农村发展潜力、增加国内收入和未来获得外部收入的可能性以及减少对原油和煤炭的依赖。可预见的威胁包括投资、市场准备和可变性、技术准备、政府政策和承诺。这篇分析综述阐明了从南非马铃薯渣生产生物燃料的可行性、潜在瓶颈和机会的有价值的科学观点。

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引用次数: 0

Stabilization of black soldier fly larval frass through vermicomposting with cattle manure: Agricultural and chemical assessment 牛粪蚯蚓堆肥稳定黑虻幼虫草：农业和化学评价

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100415

Felipe do Casal de Paula , Monica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça Costa , Jessica Caroline de Lima , Larissa Tonial dos Santos

Frass, a byproduct of Hermetia illucens (black soldier fly) rearing, contains high levels of nutrients, but its direct application to soil may be limited due to biological instability and phytochemical compounds. This study aimed to assess the vermicomposting of frass mixed with cattle manure at different proportions, targeting its stabilization for agricultural use. Five mixtures with increasing frass content (0–100 %) were prepared, and physicochemical parameters, germination index (GI), and structural characteristics were monitored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Our findings revealed that high frass content compromises worm development and compost maturity. The mixture of 50 % frass and 50 % cattle manure showed the best results regarding stability, nutrient content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) value, and was not phytotoxic (GI > 80 %). FTIR analysis confirmed the degradation of organic compounds and the formation of stable functional groups. In conclusion, vermicomposting with cattle manure is an effective strategy for frass stabilization, addressing an important gap in the literature and enhancing its potential as an organic fertilizer in sustainable farming systems.

黑虻（Hermetia illucens，黑虻）饲养过程中产生的副产品褐飞虱含有大量的营养物质，但由于其生物不稳定性和植物化学成分，其直接应用于土壤可能受到限制。本研究旨在评估不同比例的草料与牛粪混合后的蚯蚓堆肥，以稳定其农业用途。制备了5种草含量逐渐增加的混合物（0 ~ 100 %），利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对其理化参数、发芽指数（GI）和结构特征进行了监测。我们的研究结果表明，高粗含量会影响蠕虫的发育和堆肥的成熟度。50% %草籽与50% %牛粪的混合处理在稳定性、养分含量和阳离子交换容量（CEC）值方面均表现出最佳效果，且没有植物毒性（GI > 80 %）。FTIR分析证实了有机化合物的降解和稳定官能团的形成。综上所述，牛粪蚯蚓堆肥是一种有效的草稳定策略，解决了文献中的一个重要空白，并提高了其作为可持续农业系统有机肥料的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Properties of blended Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) concrete using additive micro silica exposed to organic peat water environment 添加微二氧化硅的棕榈油燃料灰（POFA）混凝土在有机泥炭水环境下的性能研究

IF 3.9

Cleaner Waste Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100414

Monita Olivia , Ririn Asmanovita , Ines Junita Sinuhaji , Wulan Ramanda Putri , Iskandar R. Sitompul , Panca Setia Utama , Steve W.M. Supit

Blended Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) concrete is a relatively new type of binder that can potentially reduce palm oil waste and carbon dioxide emissions associated with the Portland cement-based industry. POFA has pozzolanic properties that enable concrete to improve its resistance in aggressive environments such as organic acid peat water. Increasing POFA content by over 20 % is prone to strength degradation and durability problems, and adding micro silica could improve the properties of concrete. This research aims to study the fresh properties, physical properties, mechanical properties, and durability of combined POFA concrete with micro silica in the peat water environment. A mixture optimization was conducted, and the optimum micro silica content was 10 %. In this study, four mixes with various POFA (0, 20, 40 %), and micro silica percentage by weight (0, 5, 10, 15 %) were investigated. Control mixtures were Portland Composite Cement (PCC) and PCC with 10 % silica (PCC-POFA0). The samples were immersed in peat water for 3, 7, and 28 days. The compressive strength, tensile strength, porosity, sorptivity, weight change, shrinkage, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV), half-cell corrosion and corrosion rate were determined. The PCC-POFA20 has the best compressive and tensile strengths, as well as the lowest porosity and sorptivity. It also passes the UPV test as high-quality concrete and has a low corrosion rate. In conclusion, mix PCC-POFA20 with 10 % micro silica produces concrete with the highest resistance to acidic organic peat water.

混合棕榈油燃料灰（POFA）混凝土是一种相对较新的粘结剂，可以潜在地减少与波特兰水泥工业相关的棕榈油浪费和二氧化碳排放。POFA具有火山灰特性，使混凝土能够提高其在腐蚀性环境（如有机酸泥炭水）中的抵抗力。POFA含量增加20% %以上容易出现强度退化和耐久性问题，添加微二氧化硅可以改善混凝土的性能。本研究旨在研究POFA与微二氧化硅复合混凝土在泥炭水环境中的新鲜性能、物理性能、力学性能和耐久性。对混合料进行优化，最佳微二氧化硅含量为10 %。在这项研究中，研究了四种不同POFA（0、20、40 %）和微二氧化硅重量百分比（0、5、10、15 %）的混合物。对照混合物为波特兰复合水泥（PCC）和掺10% %二氧化硅的PCC （PCC- pofa0）。样品分别在泥炭水中浸泡3、7、28天。测定了材料的抗压强度、抗拉强度、孔隙率、吸附性、重量变化、收缩率、超声脉冲速度（UPV）、半细胞腐蚀和腐蚀速率。PCC-POFA20具有最佳的抗压和抗拉强度，以及最低的孔隙率和吸附率。并通过UPV测试，为优质混凝土，腐蚀率低。综上所述，将PCC-POFA20与10 %的微二氧化硅混合后，混凝土的抗酸性有机泥炭水性能最高。

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