Lifestyle medicine (LM) is an emerging clinical discipline that integrates behavioural science, preventive medicine, and systems-based care to address the root causes of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). It applies evidence-based lifestyle interventions (encompassing nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress management, avoidance of harmful substances, and social connection) to prevent, manage, and in some cases, reverse chronic disease. Grounded in person-centred care and informed by an expanding body of research, lifestyle medicine complements traditional medical practice by embedding prevention and behaviour change support into routine clinical workflows. This article explores the six core pillars of lifestyle medicine, the scientific evidence underpinning its effectiveness, and the opportunities and challenges involved in its integration into primary and secondary care. By bridging behavioural science and clinical practice, lifestyle medicine represents a sustainable, compassionate model for improving health outcomes and strengthening healthcare systems for the future.
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