Objective To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on reperfusion arrhythmia and the role of Sonic hedgehog (Shh)/glioma associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli-1) signaling pathway in rats. Methods Forty clean-grade healthy male SD rats, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 220-280 g, were divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), myocardial I/R group (I/R group), remote ischemic preconditioning group (RIPC group) and cyclopamine + remote ischemic preconditioning group (CYC+ RIPC group). Myocardial I/R was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending branch of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 2 h reperfusion in anesthetized rats.In RIPC group, an elastic rubber tourniquet was used to block the lower limb blood flow for 10 min in the right groin and then released for 30-min reperfusion, and then the myocardial I/R model was established.In CYC+ RIPC group, a Shh specific inhibitor cyclopamine 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before ischemia, and then RIPC was performed.The development of ventricular arrhythmia was recorded.Blood samples were taken at 120 min of reperfusion for determination of the concentrations of serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using a 7600 automatic biochemical analyzer.The myocardial tissues in the ischemic area were taken after collecting blood for examination of pathological changes and for determination of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) content (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), cell apoptosis (using TUNEL), expression sites of Shh and Gli1 (by immunofluorescence) and expression of Shh and Gli1 (by Western blot). AI was calculated. Results Compared with Sham group, the incidence and times of arrhythmia were significantly increased, the total duration of arrhythmia was prolonged, the arrhythmia score was increased, the serum cTnI and CK-MB concentrations, myocardial TNF-α content and AI were increased, the expression of Shh and Gli1 was up-regulated (P 0.05). Compared with group RIPC, the incidence and times of arrhythmia were significantly increased, the total duration of arrhythmia was prolonged, the serum cTnI and CK-MB concentrations, myocardial TNF-α content and AI were increased, and the expression of Shh and Gli1 was down-regulated in group CYC+ RIPC (P<0.05). Conclusion RIPC can reduce reperfusion arrhythmia, and the mechanism is related to activating Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway in rats. Key words: Ischemic preconditioning; Extremities; Hedgehog proteins; Myocardial reperfusion injury; Arrhythmias, cardiac
{"title":"Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on reperfusion arrhythmia in rats and the role of Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway","authors":"Gao Guo, Xiongfei Rong, Hongdang Xu, Jiaqiang Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on reperfusion arrhythmia and the role of Sonic hedgehog (Shh)/glioma associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli-1) signaling pathway in rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Forty clean-grade healthy male SD rats, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 220-280 g, were divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), myocardial I/R group (I/R group), remote ischemic preconditioning group (RIPC group) and cyclopamine + remote ischemic preconditioning group (CYC+ RIPC group). Myocardial I/R was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending branch of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 2 h reperfusion in anesthetized rats.In RIPC group, an elastic rubber tourniquet was used to block the lower limb blood flow for 10 min in the right groin and then released for 30-min reperfusion, and then the myocardial I/R model was established.In CYC+ RIPC group, a Shh specific inhibitor cyclopamine 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before ischemia, and then RIPC was performed.The development of ventricular arrhythmia was recorded.Blood samples were taken at 120 min of reperfusion for determination of the concentrations of serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using a 7600 automatic biochemical analyzer.The myocardial tissues in the ischemic area were taken after collecting blood for examination of pathological changes and for determination of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) content (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), cell apoptosis (using TUNEL), expression sites of Shh and Gli1 (by immunofluorescence) and expression of Shh and Gli1 (by Western blot). AI was calculated. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with Sham group, the incidence and times of arrhythmia were significantly increased, the total duration of arrhythmia was prolonged, the arrhythmia score was increased, the serum cTnI and CK-MB concentrations, myocardial TNF-α content and AI were increased, the expression of Shh and Gli1 was up-regulated (P 0.05). Compared with group RIPC, the incidence and times of arrhythmia were significantly increased, the total duration of arrhythmia was prolonged, the serum cTnI and CK-MB concentrations, myocardial TNF-α content and AI were increased, and the expression of Shh and Gli1 was down-regulated in group CYC+ RIPC (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000RIPC can reduce reperfusion arrhythmia, and the mechanism is related to activating Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway in rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Ischemic preconditioning; Extremities; Hedgehog proteins; Myocardial reperfusion injury; Arrhythmias, cardiac","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1306-1310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45586241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To evaluate the effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Sixty healthy clean-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 3 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), group I/R and mild hypothermia group (group H). In I/R and H groups, cerebral I/R was induced by inserting a nylon thread with rounded tip into the right internal carotid artery which was occluded for 2 h and then released for reperfusion.In group H, the surface cooling was started immediately after removing the nylon thread, and the rectal temperature was maintained at 32-34 ℃ for 3 h. The neurological deficit were assessed and scored at 24 and 48 h of reperfusion.Animals were then sacrificed, the cerebral cortex in ischemic area was then removed for determination of the viable neuron count (by HE staining), apoptotic neurons (by TUNEL), and expression of Mfn2 (by Western blot). Apoptosis rate was calculated. Results Compared with group S, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly increased, and the count of viable neurons was decreased, the expression of Mfn2 was down-regulated at each time of reperfusion in I/R and H groups (P<0.05). Compared with group I/R, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly deereased, and the count of viable neurons was increased, and the expression of Mfn2 was up-regulated at each time of reperfusion in group H (P<0.05). Conclusion The mechanism by which mild hypothermia attenuates cerebral I/R injury may be associated with up-regulating the expression of Mfn2 in cerebral cortex of rats. Key words: Hypothermia, induced; Reperfusion injury; Brain; Mitochondrial proteins
{"title":"Effect of mild hypothermia on expression of cortical Mfn2 during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats","authors":"Yanping Zhang, Qian Zhang, Wei Yan, Fei Shi, Gaofeng Zhang, Huai-long Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.028","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Sixty healthy clean-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 3 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), group I/R and mild hypothermia group (group H). In I/R and H groups, cerebral I/R was induced by inserting a nylon thread with rounded tip into the right internal carotid artery which was occluded for 2 h and then released for reperfusion.In group H, the surface cooling was started immediately after removing the nylon thread, and the rectal temperature was maintained at 32-34 ℃ for 3 h. The neurological deficit were assessed and scored at 24 and 48 h of reperfusion.Animals were then sacrificed, the cerebral cortex in ischemic area was then removed for determination of the viable neuron count (by HE staining), apoptotic neurons (by TUNEL), and expression of Mfn2 (by Western blot). Apoptosis rate was calculated. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with group S, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly increased, and the count of viable neurons was decreased, the expression of Mfn2 was down-regulated at each time of reperfusion in I/R and H groups (P<0.05). Compared with group I/R, the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly deereased, and the count of viable neurons was increased, and the expression of Mfn2 was up-regulated at each time of reperfusion in group H (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000The mechanism by which mild hypothermia attenuates cerebral I/R injury may be associated with up-regulating the expression of Mfn2 in cerebral cortex of rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Hypothermia, induced; Reperfusion injury; Brain; Mitochondrial proteins","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1383-1386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46094498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.001
Fu-yi Shen, Zhongcong Xie
{"title":"Unexpected discovery from toughness persistence: overview of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine","authors":"Fu-yi Shen, Zhongcong Xie","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1281-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42106281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.032
Hongmei Yu, Wenbo Sun, Qi Wang, Rui Li
Objective To evaluate the role of G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) activation in apoptosis in cortical astrocytes in a rat model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R). Methods Primary cortical astrocytes of rats cultured in vitro were seeded in 6-well plates or 96-well plates and divided into 4 groups (n=30 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), OGD/R group (group O), GPR35 inhibitor plus OGD/R group (group GO) and GPR35 inhibitor group (group G). Astrocytes were subjected to 95% N2-5% CO2 in an incubator at 37℃ for 6 h followed by restoration of O2-glucose supply for 24 h. GPR35 inhibitor CID2745687 3 μmol/L was added at 1 h before OGD in GO and G groups.At 24 h after treatment in each group, apoptosis rate was calculated using Annexin V-FITC/GFAP/DAPI immunofluorescent staining, the concentration of calcium in cytoplasm was determined by Fluo3/AM fluorescence, the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated 2 (HCN2) mRNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with group C, the apoptosis rate of cortical astrocytes were significantly increased, the concentration of calcium in cytoplasm was increased, the expression of HCN2 mRNA, cAMP and Bax was up-regulated, and the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated in O and GO groups (P 0.05). Conclusion GPR35 activation is involved in the process of apoptosis in cortical astrocytes after OGD/R in rats. Key words: Receptors, G-protein-coupled; Hypoxia, brain; Astrocytes; Apoptosis
{"title":"Role of GPR35 activation in apoptosis in cortical astrocytes in a rat model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration","authors":"Hongmei Yu, Wenbo Sun, Qi Wang, Rui Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.032","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the role of G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) activation in apoptosis in cortical astrocytes in a rat model of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Primary cortical astrocytes of rats cultured in vitro were seeded in 6-well plates or 96-well plates and divided into 4 groups (n=30 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), OGD/R group (group O), GPR35 inhibitor plus OGD/R group (group GO) and GPR35 inhibitor group (group G). Astrocytes were subjected to 95% N2-5% CO2 in an incubator at 37℃ for 6 h followed by restoration of O2-glucose supply for 24 h. GPR35 inhibitor CID2745687 3 μmol/L was added at 1 h before OGD in GO and G groups.At 24 h after treatment in each group, apoptosis rate was calculated using Annexin V-FITC/GFAP/DAPI immunofluorescent staining, the concentration of calcium in cytoplasm was determined by Fluo3/AM fluorescence, the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated 2 (HCN2) mRNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blot. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with group C, the apoptosis rate of cortical astrocytes were significantly increased, the concentration of calcium in cytoplasm was increased, the expression of HCN2 mRNA, cAMP and Bax was up-regulated, and the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated in O and GO groups (P 0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000GPR35 activation is involved in the process of apoptosis in cortical astrocytes after OGD/R in rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Receptors, G-protein-coupled; Hypoxia, brain; Astrocytes; Apoptosis","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1399-1402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48337313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.011
Yi Zeng, Jing‐liang Cheng, Hui-xi Li, Jumin Yan
Objective To assess whether brain edema occurred during laparoscopic radical resection of gynecological tumor through measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by ultrasound. Methods Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, aged 35-64 yr, with body mass index of 18.5-25.0 kg/m2, scheduled for elective laparoscopic radical resection of gynecologic tumor, were divided into 2 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table method: hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch 40 injection (HSH40) therapeutic diagnosis group (group H) and normal saline control group (group N). HSH40 5ml/kg was continuously infused for 30 min starting from 150 min after Trendelenburg position and CO2 pneumoperitoneum in group H, and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group N. The bilateral ONSDs were measured using ultrasound at 5 min after anesthesia induction (T0), 10, 60, 120 and 180 min after Trendelenburg position and CO2 pneumoperitoneum (T1-4) and 10 min of supine position after deflation (T5). The occurrence of increased intracranial pressure before and after therapeutic diagnostic test and efficacy of therapeutic diagnostic test were observed. Results The ONSD was significantly shorter at T4-5 in group H than in group N (P 0.05). The effective rate of therapeutic diagnostic test was 94% in group H (P<0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic radical resection of gynecologic tumor factor can induce brain edema, and preventive measures should be taken. Key words: Brain Edema; Pneumoperitoneum, artificial; Gynecologic surgical procedures; Optic nerve; Neurilemma
目的通过超声测量视神经鞘直径(ONSD)，评价腹腔镜妇科肿瘤根治术中是否发生脑水肿。方法采用随机数字表法将40例年龄35 ~ 64岁、体质指数为18.5 ~ 25.0 kg/m2、符合美国麻醉学会体质状况Ⅰ或Ⅱ的择期腹腔镜妇科肿瘤根治术患者分为两组，每组20例。高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液(HSH40)治疗诊断组(H组)和生理盐水对照组(N组)，H组从Trendelenburg体位后150 min开始，CO2气腹后连续输注HSH40 5ml/kg，连续输注30 min, N组以等量生理盐水代替。麻醉诱导后5 min (T0)、10、60、Trendelenburg体位和CO2气腹后120和180 min (T1-4)，放气后仰卧位10 min (T5)。观察治疗性诊断试验前后颅内压增高的发生情况及治疗性诊断试验的疗效。结果H组t4 ~ 5时的ONSD明显短于N组(P < 0.05)。H组治疗性诊断试验有效率为94% (P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜妇科肿瘤因子根治术可诱发脑水肿，应采取预防措施。关键词:脑水肿;人工气腹;妇科外科手术;视觉神经;神经鞘
{"title":"Assessment of brain edema occurrence during laparoscopic radical resection of gynecological tumor: measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter by ultrasound method","authors":"Yi Zeng, Jing‐liang Cheng, Hui-xi Li, Jumin Yan","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To assess whether brain edema occurred during laparoscopic radical resection of gynecological tumor through measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by ultrasound. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, aged 35-64 yr, with body mass index of 18.5-25.0 kg/m2, scheduled for elective laparoscopic radical resection of gynecologic tumor, were divided into 2 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table method: hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch 40 injection (HSH40) therapeutic diagnosis group (group H) and normal saline control group (group N). HSH40 5ml/kg was continuously infused for 30 min starting from 150 min after Trendelenburg position and CO2 pneumoperitoneum in group H, and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group N. The bilateral ONSDs were measured using ultrasound at 5 min after anesthesia induction (T0), 10, 60, 120 and 180 min after Trendelenburg position and CO2 pneumoperitoneum (T1-4) and 10 min of supine position after deflation (T5). The occurrence of increased intracranial pressure before and after therapeutic diagnostic test and efficacy of therapeutic diagnostic test were observed. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The ONSD was significantly shorter at T4-5 in group H than in group N (P 0.05). The effective rate of therapeutic diagnostic test was 94% in group H (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000Laparoscopic radical resection of gynecologic tumor factor can induce brain edema, and preventive measures should be taken. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Brain Edema; Pneumoperitoneum, artificial; Gynecologic surgical procedures; Optic nerve; Neurilemma","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1319-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48600917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.015
Z.-K. Duan, Jinfeng Zou, Xinguo Kang, Xiao-Yuan He, Chunjing He
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of bone-filling mesh container vertebroplasty (BFMCV) in treating Kummell′s disease. Methods Thirty-eight patients with Kummell′s disease, aged 66-88 yr, were divided into 2 groups (n=19 each) using a random number table method: percutaneous vertebroplasty group (group PVP) and BFMCV group.In group BFMCV, the balloon was removed and bone-filling mesh container was placed, polymethyl methacrylate bone cement was mixed until it was at drawing stage and then injected with a screw propeller.The visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry disability index were recorded before operation (T1) and at 1 day and 1 and 6 months after operation (T2-4). Cobb′s angle was measured at T1 and T2.The operation time and development of bone cement leakage and adjacent vertebral fractures were recorded. Results Compared with group PVP, the incidence of bone cement leakage was significantly decreased (P 0.05). Conclusion BFMCV can treat Kummell′s disease effectively and decrease the risk of bone cement leakage, and it is a safe and effective treatment method. Key words: Vertebroplasty; Kummell′s disease; Bone filling mesh bag
{"title":"Efficacy of bone-filling mesh container vertebroplasty in treating Kümmell′s disease","authors":"Z.-K. Duan, Jinfeng Zou, Xinguo Kang, Xiao-Yuan He, Chunjing He","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the efficacy of bone-filling mesh container vertebroplasty (BFMCV) in treating Kummell′s disease. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Thirty-eight patients with Kummell′s disease, aged 66-88 yr, were divided into 2 groups (n=19 each) using a random number table method: percutaneous vertebroplasty group (group PVP) and BFMCV group.In group BFMCV, the balloon was removed and bone-filling mesh container was placed, polymethyl methacrylate bone cement was mixed until it was at drawing stage and then injected with a screw propeller.The visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry disability index were recorded before operation (T1) and at 1 day and 1 and 6 months after operation (T2-4). Cobb′s angle was measured at T1 and T2.The operation time and development of bone cement leakage and adjacent vertebral fractures were recorded. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with group PVP, the incidence of bone cement leakage was significantly decreased (P 0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000BFMCV can treat Kummell′s disease effectively and decrease the risk of bone cement leakage, and it is a safe and effective treatment method. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Vertebroplasty; Kummell′s disease; Bone filling mesh bag","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1334-1336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43505710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.019
Chengya Huang, Yi-Qian Hu, Kun Liu, C. Tong, J. Y. Wu, Meiying Xu
Objective To investigate the brain mechanism of anesthesia-related loss of consciousness and awakening though measuring activation or inhibition of cerebral cortex during induction of and emergence from general anesthesia using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Methods Twenty-two American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 40-80 yr, undergoing thoracoscopic partial lung resection, were selected. The functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the level of oxyhemoglobin in cerebral cortex before and after anesthesia induction and before and after emergence from anesthesia, and a positive number was considered as activation and a negative number as inhibition. Results Compared with the baseline before anesthesia induction, the level of oxyhemoglobin in the premotor cortex was significantly decreased (P 0.05). Conclusion Frontopolar area is activated, and premotor cortex is inhibited during induction of general anesthesia, indicating that induction of anesthesia may first affect the integrated function of management and execution of the brain, and the motor regulation ability is weakened. Individual difference in brain areas activated during emergence from anesthesia is larger, and activated and inhibited brain regions are not found. Key words: Anesthesia, general; Cerebral cortex; Spectroscopy, near-infrared
{"title":"Analysis of difference in activation or inhibition of cerebral cortex during induction of and emergence from general anesthesia: functional near-infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Chengya Huang, Yi-Qian Hu, Kun Liu, C. Tong, J. Y. Wu, Meiying Xu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the brain mechanism of anesthesia-related loss of consciousness and awakening though measuring activation or inhibition of cerebral cortex during induction of and emergence from general anesthesia using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Twenty-two American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 40-80 yr, undergoing thoracoscopic partial lung resection, were selected. The functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the level of oxyhemoglobin in cerebral cortex before and after anesthesia induction and before and after emergence from anesthesia, and a positive number was considered as activation and a negative number as inhibition. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with the baseline before anesthesia induction, the level of oxyhemoglobin in the premotor cortex was significantly decreased (P 0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000Frontopolar area is activated, and premotor cortex is inhibited during induction of general anesthesia, indicating that induction of anesthesia may first affect the integrated function of management and execution of the brain, and the motor regulation ability is weakened. Individual difference in brain areas activated during emergence from anesthesia is larger, and activated and inhibited brain regions are not found. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Anesthesia, general; Cerebral cortex; Spectroscopy, near-infrared","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1348-1351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43908517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To systematically review and compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumbosum block (QLB) and transverse abdominis plane block (TAPB) for analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. Methods Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, ISI Web of knowledge, Chinese biomedical literature database, Chinese science and technology journal full-text database, Chinese journal full-text database and Wanfang database were searched by a computer from the date of database establishment up to May 2019.Randomized controlled trials involving the efficacy of ultrasound-guided QLB and TAPB for analgesia after lower abdominal surgery were included in this study.The primary outcome was visual analog scale scores at rest and during activity at each time point after operation, and the secondary outcome was the incidence of adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting, dizziness, pruritus). The two researchers selected the literature and extracted the data according to the inclusion criteria, independently evaluated the quality of the included literature according to the relevant criteria recommended in Cochrane reviewers′ manual 5.1.0, and conducted a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3. Results A total of 16 randomized controlled studies involving 1 218 patients were included, including 608 cases in QLB group and 610 cases in TAPB group.The results of meta-analysis showed that the visual analog scale scores at rest at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h after surgery and during activity at 8 and 12 h after surgery and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly decreased in QLB group as compared with TAPB group (P<0.05). Conclusion QLB can provide better early postoperative analgesia than TAPB with a lower risk of adverse reactions. Key words: Nerve block; Psoas muscles; Abdominal muscles; Analgesia; Meta-analysis
{"title":"Efficacy of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia after lower abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis","authors":"Quanshui Hao, Si-miao Sun, Liu Xianchao, Liangshuo Hu, Hui Zhang, Yao-Hua Wu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To systematically review and compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumbosum block (QLB) and transverse abdominis plane block (TAPB) for analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, ISI Web of knowledge, Chinese biomedical literature database, Chinese science and technology journal full-text database, Chinese journal full-text database and Wanfang database were searched by a computer from the date of database establishment up to May 2019.Randomized controlled trials involving the efficacy of ultrasound-guided QLB and TAPB for analgesia after lower abdominal surgery were included in this study.The primary outcome was visual analog scale scores at rest and during activity at each time point after operation, and the secondary outcome was the incidence of adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting, dizziness, pruritus). The two researchers selected the literature and extracted the data according to the inclusion criteria, independently evaluated the quality of the included literature according to the relevant criteria recommended in Cochrane reviewers′ manual 5.1.0, and conducted a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000A total of 16 randomized controlled studies involving 1 218 patients were included, including 608 cases in QLB group and 610 cases in TAPB group.The results of meta-analysis showed that the visual analog scale scores at rest at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h after surgery and during activity at 8 and 12 h after surgery and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly decreased in QLB group as compared with TAPB group (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000QLB can provide better early postoperative analgesia than TAPB with a lower risk of adverse reactions. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Nerve block; Psoas muscles; Abdominal muscles; Analgesia; Meta-analysis","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1326-1329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46031771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.025
Yang Zhang, Hongguang Chen, K. Xie, Yonghao Yu
Objective To evaluate the relationship between autophagy and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome during hydrogen-rich normal saline-induced reduction of lung injury in mice. Methods Thirty-six clean-grade healthy male C57BL mice, aged 6 weeks, weighing 20-25 g, were divided into 6 groups (n=6 each) by a random number table method: sham operation group (group Sham), sepsis group (group Sep), sepsis plus hydrogen-rich normal saline group (group Sep+ H2), sepsis plus hydrogen-rich normal saline plus rapamycin group (group Sep+ H2+ Rap), sepsis plus hydrogen-rich normal saline plus 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (group Sep+ H2+ 3-MA) and sepsis+ hydrogen-rich normal saline plus MCC950 group (group Sep+ H2+ M). Sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice anesthetized with chloral hydrate.Hydrogen-rich normal saline 5 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 1 and 6 h after CLP in Sep+ H2, Sep+ H2+ Rap, Sep+ H2+ 3-MA and Sep+ H2+ M groups.At 1 h after CLP, autophagy agonist rapamycin 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group Sep+ H2+ Rap, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA 15 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group Sep+ H2+ 3-MA, and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 50 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group Sep+ H2+ M.At 24 h after establishing the model, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to determine the protein concentration.The animals were then sacrificed, and the lung tissues were removed for microscopic examination of pathologic changes which were scored and for determination of wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio), activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and IL-18 (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC) (using Western blot). Results Compared with group Sham, the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly increased in Sep and Sep+ H2 groups (P<0.05). Compared with group Sep, the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly decreased in Sep+ H2, Sep+ H2+ Rap and Sep+ H2+ 3-MA groups (P<0.05). Compared with group Sep+ H2, the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly decreased in Sep+ H2+ Rap and Sep+ H2+ M groups (P<0.05), and the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly increased in group Sep+ H2+ 3-MA (P<0.0
{"title":"Relationship between autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome during hydrogen-rich normal saline-induced reduction of lung injury in mice","authors":"Yang Zhang, Hongguang Chen, K. Xie, Yonghao Yu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.025","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the relationship between autophagy and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome during hydrogen-rich normal saline-induced reduction of lung injury in mice. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Thirty-six clean-grade healthy male C57BL mice, aged 6 weeks, weighing 20-25 g, were divided into 6 groups (n=6 each) by a random number table method: sham operation group (group Sham), sepsis group (group Sep), sepsis plus hydrogen-rich normal saline group (group Sep+ H2), sepsis plus hydrogen-rich normal saline plus rapamycin group (group Sep+ H2+ Rap), sepsis plus hydrogen-rich normal saline plus 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (group Sep+ H2+ 3-MA) and sepsis+ hydrogen-rich normal saline plus MCC950 group (group Sep+ H2+ M). Sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice anesthetized with chloral hydrate.Hydrogen-rich normal saline 5 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 1 and 6 h after CLP in Sep+ H2, Sep+ H2+ Rap, Sep+ H2+ 3-MA and Sep+ H2+ M groups.At 1 h after CLP, autophagy agonist rapamycin 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group Sep+ H2+ Rap, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA 15 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group Sep+ H2+ 3-MA, and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 50 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group Sep+ H2+ M.At 24 h after establishing the model, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to determine the protein concentration.The animals were then sacrificed, and the lung tissues were removed for microscopic examination of pathologic changes which were scored and for determination of wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio), activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and IL-18 (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC) (using Western blot). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with group Sham, the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly increased in Sep and Sep+ H2 groups (P<0.05). Compared with group Sep, the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly decreased in Sep+ H2, Sep+ H2+ Rap and Sep+ H2+ 3-MA groups (P<0.05). Compared with group Sep+ H2, the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly decreased in Sep+ H2+ Rap and Sep+ H2+ M groups (P<0.05), and the protein concentration in BALF, pathological score, W/D ratio, activity of MPO, contents of IL-β, IL-18 and TNF-α and expression of pro-caspase-1 P10, NLRP3 and ASC were significantly increased in group Sep+ H2+ 3-MA (P<0.0","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1371-1375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44712420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To evaluate the role of α2 receptor in dexmedetomidine-induced improvement in intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Forty clean-grade healthy Wistar rats, aged 12 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), TBI group (group T), dexmedetomidine group (group D) and dexmedetomidine plus atipamezole group (group D+ A). Traumatic brain injury model was established by a 20 g weight free fall impact method in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats.At 30 min before establishing the model, rats were fed 4.0 kD fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran (FITC-Dex) 60 mg/100 g. Dexmedetomidine 50 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min before establishing the model in D and D+ A groups.Atipamezole 500 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 10 min before injecting dexmedetomidine in group D+ A.Blood samples from common carotid artery were obtained at 6 h after establishing the model for determination of concentrations of epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) in plasma (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), concentrations of FITC-Dex in serum (using fluorescence spectrophotometry) and activity of diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum (by colorimetry). The small intestine was removed for determination of DAO activity (by colorimetry) and for detection of the expression of tight junctional protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the intestinal mucosa of epithelial cells. Results Compared with group C, the concentrations of E and NE in plasma, and FITC-Dex concentration and DAO activity in serum were significantly increased, the DAO activity in intestinal tissues was decreased, and the expression of ZO-1 was down-regulated in T, D and D+ A groups (P<0.05). Compared with group T, the concentrations of E and NE in plasma, and FITC-Dex concentration and DAO activity in serum were significantly decreased, the DAO activity was increased, and the expression of ZO-1 was up-regulated in group D (P<0.05). Compared with group D, the concentrations of E and NE in plasma, and FITC-Dex concentration and DAO activity in serum were significantly increased, the DAO activity was decreased, and the expression of ZO-1 was down-regulated in group D+ A (P<0.05). Conclusion α2 receptor is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced improvement in intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with TBI. Key words: Receptors, adrenergic, alpha; Dexmedetomidine; Craniocerebral trauma; Intestinal mucosa
{"title":"Role of α2 receptor in dexmedetomidine-induced improvement in intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with traumatic brain injury","authors":"Hongtao Zhang, Huan-Huan Wang, Lingling Liu, Hong-guo Wang, Yonghao Yu, Jun Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-1416.2019.11.030","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the role of α2 receptor in dexmedetomidine-induced improvement in intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Forty clean-grade healthy Wistar rats, aged 12 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), TBI group (group T), dexmedetomidine group (group D) and dexmedetomidine plus atipamezole group (group D+ A). Traumatic brain injury model was established by a 20 g weight free fall impact method in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats.At 30 min before establishing the model, rats were fed 4.0 kD fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran (FITC-Dex) 60 mg/100 g. Dexmedetomidine 50 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min before establishing the model in D and D+ A groups.Atipamezole 500 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 10 min before injecting dexmedetomidine in group D+ A.Blood samples from common carotid artery were obtained at 6 h after establishing the model for determination of concentrations of epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) in plasma (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), concentrations of FITC-Dex in serum (using fluorescence spectrophotometry) and activity of diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum (by colorimetry). The small intestine was removed for determination of DAO activity (by colorimetry) and for detection of the expression of tight junctional protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the intestinal mucosa of epithelial cells. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with group C, the concentrations of E and NE in plasma, and FITC-Dex concentration and DAO activity in serum were significantly increased, the DAO activity in intestinal tissues was decreased, and the expression of ZO-1 was down-regulated in T, D and D+ A groups (P<0.05). Compared with group T, the concentrations of E and NE in plasma, and FITC-Dex concentration and DAO activity in serum were significantly decreased, the DAO activity was increased, and the expression of ZO-1 was up-regulated in group D (P<0.05). Compared with group D, the concentrations of E and NE in plasma, and FITC-Dex concentration and DAO activity in serum were significantly increased, the DAO activity was decreased, and the expression of ZO-1 was down-regulated in group D+ A (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000α2 receptor is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced improvement in intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats with TBI. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Receptors, adrenergic, alpha; Dexmedetomidine; Craniocerebral trauma; Intestinal mucosa","PeriodicalId":10053,"journal":{"name":"中华麻醉学杂志","volume":"39 1","pages":"1391-1394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47376337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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