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Static Thrust Improvement of a Linear Proportional Solenoid 线性比例电磁阀静态推力的改进
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565967
H. Yamada;S. Kihara;M. Yamaguchi;H. Nakagawa;K. Hagiwara
A linear proportional solenoid (LPS) is an actuator for a proportional control valve used in hydraulic pressure-control devices. The LPS thrust must be constant over a specified displacement range, and must be proportional to the current. This paper describes simulations of the thrust-displacement characteristics of LPSes as determined by FEM, conducted with the aim of improving the LPM thrust. In model P, where high flux-density permendur was used in the LPS stator and mover, the maximum thrust increased from 27 to 40 N. The range of constant thrust, however, decreased from 1.0 to 0.5 mm. In model S, where permendur was used in the stator and mover, and the salient pole of the stator in the LPS was modified, the range of constant thrust was the same as in the present model. Moreover, the static thrust in the range of constant thrust increased from 27 to 38 N.
线性比例螺线管(LPS)是用于液压控制装置中的比例控制阀的致动器。LPS推力必须在指定的位移范围内保持恒定,并且必须与电流成比例。本文描述了通过有限元法确定的LPSes的推力-位移特性的模拟,以提高LPM的推力。在模型P中,LPS定子和动子中使用了高通量密度磁导率,最大推力从27增加到40 N。然而,恒定推力的范围从1.0减少到0.5 mm。在模型S中,LPS中定子的磁导率被使用,定子的凸极被修改,恒定推力范围与本模型相同。此外,在恒定推力范围内的静态推力从27 N增加到38 N。
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引用次数: 8
Fe-N Thin Films Prepared by Excimer Laser Ablation 准分子激光烧蚀制备Fe-N薄膜
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565972
T. Yoshitake;M. Ohkoshi;K. Tsushima
Fe-N films were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature using a pulsed KrF excimer laser (wavelength 248 nm, pulse width 27 ns). The film composition and structure depend on the ambient N2 pressure, the laser pulse energy, and the repetition rate. In order to understand the interaction between light-emitting ablated particles produced by excimer laser ablation of Fe and ambient N2 gas, the dynamics of ablated plumes were investigated by means of a high-speed framing streak camera and time-resolved emission spectroscopy. Two distinct components of ablated particles were observed. One consisted of a spherical plume with an average velocity of over 100 km/s, which was observed for about 300 ns from the laser irradiation. The other consisted of a columnar plume with a maximum velocity of 22 km/s, which was observed for 1 to 10 μs. The velocity of the Fe radicals depends on the N2 pressure, which contributes to formation of the Fe-N film.
使用脉冲KrF准分子激光器(波长248nm,脉冲宽度27ns)在室温下在玻璃基板上沉积Fe-N膜。膜的组成和结构取决于环境N2压力、激光脉冲能量和重复率。为了了解准分子激光烧蚀Fe产生的发光烧蚀颗粒与环境N2气体之间的相互作用,利用高速成帧条纹相机和时间分辨发射光谱研究了烧蚀羽流的动力学。观察到烧蚀颗粒的两种不同成分。其中一个由平均速度超过100公里/秒的球形羽流组成,在激光照射下观察了约300纳秒。另一个由最大速度为22 km/s的柱状羽流组成,观测时间为1至10μs。Fe自由基的速度取决于N2压力,N2压力有助于Fe-N膜的形成。
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引用次数: 4
Compositional Variation of Saturation Magnetization for Fe-N Thin Films with Respect to Nitrogen Fe-N薄膜饱和磁化的组分随氮的变化
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565979
K. Kusumi;H. Miyajima;Y. Otani
Fe100-xNx thin films were prepared by RF sputtering in nitrogen with a low plasma density. All films had compositions in the range 0≤x≤35 at% and consisted of a single metastable phase with a body-centered cubic structure. The saturation magnetization seemed to follow the Slater-Pauling curve with respect to the nitrogen concentration. In the films, the Fe atoms that were nearest-neighbors to nitrogen atoms were found to behave like Co atoms.
在低等离子体密度的氮气中通过RF溅射制备了Fe100-xNx薄膜。所有薄膜的组成范围为0≤x≤35at%,并且由具有体心立方结构的单亚稳相组成。饱和磁化强度似乎遵循关于氮浓度的斯莱特-鲍林曲线。在薄膜中,发现与氮原子最近的Fe原子的行为类似于Co原子。
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引用次数: 5
Performance Analysis of a Linear Oscillatory Actuator for a Milking Unit 挤奶机组线性振荡执行器的性能分析
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565968
N. Nishizawa;T. Ishii;H. Yamada
Milking with a conventional milking machine often involves teat trouble, because the pulsation rate of the milking is not variable. A new cylindrical linear oscillatory actuator (CLOA) developed by the authors has a freely variable pulsation rate. This paper analyzes the static and kinetic thrusts of the CLOA. The mover of the CLOA is capable of oscillation at a frequency of 1 Hz with a stroke of ±2 mm, and will be used in new milking machines.
使用传统挤奶机挤奶通常会遇到乳头故障,因为挤奶的脉动率是不可变的。作者开发的一种新型圆柱形线性振荡执行器具有可自由变化的脉动率。本文分析了CLOA的静态推力和动态推力。CLOA的推进器能够以1 Hz的频率振荡,行程为±2 mm,并将用于新型挤奶机。
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引用次数: 3
Effects of Cores on the Characteristics of an Induction VCM 磁芯对感应式VCM特性的影响
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565966
C. Kaido
An induction voice coil motor (VCM) is composed of a moving metal ring, permanent magnets, cores and exciting coils. The moving ring current induced by an exciting coil current, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets, generate a driving force acting on the moving ring. The induction VCM is not able to generate forces below the lower cutoff frequency or above the higher cutoff frequency. The lower cutoff frequency is lowered by raising the permeability and lowering the hysteresis loss of the core; the higher cutoff frequency is raised by reducing core eddy current losses and lowering the leakage inductance of the moving ring. There is an electromechanical parallel resonance near the lower cutoff frequency, and the higher permeability and lower loss make the resonance stronger and lowers the resonance frequency.
一种感应音圈电机(VCM)由移动的金属环、永磁体、铁芯和励磁线圈组成。由励磁线圈电流感应的移动环电流和永磁体的磁通量产生作用在移动环上的驱动力。感应VCM不能产生低于较低截止频率或高于较高截止频率的力。通过提高芯的磁导率和降低磁滞损耗来降低较低的截止频率;通过减少芯涡电流损耗和降低移动环的泄漏电感来提高较高的截止频率。在较低的截止频率附近存在机电并联谐振,较高的磁导率和较低的损耗使谐振更强并降低谐振频率。
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引用次数: 3
Correlation between Noise-after-Write and Magnetic Domain in Thin-Film Heads by Electron Microscopy 用电子显微镜研究薄膜磁头写入后噪声与磁畴的相关性
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565982
K. Kobayashi
Noise-after-write has been reported in thin film heads, although its source or sources have not yet been identified. To discover these noise sources, I observed conversions of magnetic domain structure after writing with an electron microscope. The magnetic domain observations involved lock-in image processing for back-scattered electron contrast (type II), using a JEOL 2000FX II 200 kV electron microscope. Thin-film heads were excited by a 10 mAp-p, 100 kHz driving current. The magnetic domains in the upper yokes of the heads were observed after 60 mAp-p write operations. The head with the highest noise probability, at 5.2×10-2, exhibited walls radiating outward from the back-gap closure, which were due to stress. The magnetic domain structure was severely deformed after writing. The head with the lowest noise probability, at 1.6×104, exhibited a normal closure domain configuration, with very little conversion. These results indicate that noise-after-write is generated mainly near the backgap closure.
写入后的噪声已经在薄膜磁头中被报道,尽管其来源尚未确定。为了发现这些噪声源,我在用电子显微镜写作后观察了磁畴结构的转换。磁畴观测涉及使用JEOL 2000FX II 200kV电子显微镜对背散射电子对比度(II型)进行锁定图像处理。薄膜磁头由10mAP-p、100kHz的驱动电流激励。磁头的上磁轭中的磁畴是在60mAP-p写入操作之后观察到的。噪声概率最高的头部,在5.2×10-2处,由于应力的作用,其壁从后间隙闭合处向外辐射。磁畴结构在写入之后严重变形。噪声概率最低的头部,在1.6×104处,表现出正常的闭合域配置,几乎没有转换。这些结果表明,写入后的噪声主要在后间隙闭合附近产生。
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引用次数: 1
Read/Write Properties of Nd-RE-TM Films in the Short-Wavelength Region Nd-RE-TM薄膜在短波长区的读写特性
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565980
M. Ishida;T. Kawase;H. Miyazawa;T. Katsuyama;S. Nebashi;T. Shimoda
The effect of adding Nd to an RE-TM film on the disk's magnetooptic and read/write properties was investigated. It was found that as the amount of Nd was increased, the C/N ratio at a wavelength of 532 nm was improved. In spite of an increase in the Kerr rotation angle, the carrier level was not significantly improved. This fact can be explained by the disk's magnetooptic characteristics, as a result of which the Kerr ellipticity angle decrease in the short-wavelength region as the Nd content was increased. Thus the value of the figure of merit was not improved. The improvement in C/N ratio was due to a decrease in the noise level.
研究了在RE-TM薄膜中添加Nd对磁盘磁光和读写性能的影响。研究发现,随着Nd量的增加,532nm波长下的C/N比得到改善。尽管克尔旋转角增加,但载流子水平没有显著改善。这一事实可以用圆盘的磁光特性来解释,其结果是,随着Nd含量的增加,短波长区域的克尔椭圆率角减小。因此,功绩数字的价值没有得到提高。C/N比的改善是由于噪声水平的降低。
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引用次数: 0
Opinion 意见
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565949
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引用次数: 0
Permeability and α-Fe Phase Precipitated in Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb Amorphous Alloys Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb非晶态合金的磁导率和析出的α-Fe相
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565955
Y. Ueda;S. Ikeda;T. Sakaguchi
The soft magnetic properties of amorphous Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb alloys are markedly improved by annealing the alloys above the crystallization temperature. The magnetic permeability of the annealed Fe74SixB22-xCu1Nb3 alloys shows a maximum value at an Si concentration of x=14. The precipitation of μ-Fe grains is observed for the annealing temperature giving the highest magnetic permeability. The lattice constant of the α-Fe phase shows a minimum at the annealing temperature yielding the highest magnetic permeability, and depends strongly on the Si concentration. The Si content in the μ-Fe phase estimated from the lattice constant is about 20 at% for Si concentrations above x=12. The volume fraction of the precipitated μ-Fe phase depends on the B concentration in the amorphous alloy. The grain size of μ-Fe at the optimum annealing temperature is about 130Å. To explain the mechanism of the high permeability, it is necessary to consider factors other than the grain size the volume fraction of the precipitated μ-Fe.
非晶态Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb合金的软磁性能通过在结晶温度以上退火得到显著改善。退火的Fe74SixB22-xCu1Nb3合金的磁导率在Si浓度x=14时显示出最大值。在磁导率最高的退火温度下观察到μ-Fe晶粒的析出。α-Fe相的晶格常数在产生最高磁导率的退火温度下表现出最小值,并且强烈依赖于Si浓度。当Si浓度高于x=12时,根据晶格常数估计的μ-Fe相中的Si含量约为20at%。沉淀的μ-Fe相的体积分数取决于非晶合金中B的浓度。μ-Fe在最佳退火温度下的晶粒尺寸约为130Å。为了解释高磁导率的机理,有必要考虑除晶粒尺寸和沉淀的μ-Fe的体积分数之外的其他因素。
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引用次数: 6
Performance Evaluation of a Linear Pulse Motor-Driven Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump 线性脉冲电机驱动的主动脉内球囊泵的性能评价
Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TJMJ.1994.4565964
K. Kobayashi;K. Suzuki;H. Nakagawa;H. Yamada
An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is an effective device for supporting circulation in the event of acute heart failure. Small IABP devices are in urgent demand in medical fields. The authors have investigated an IABP device which uses a linear pulse motor (LPM) in order to reduce the device size. This paper discusses the characteristics of the LPM developed by the authors to drive the IABP, and describes the results of evaluation of an LPM-driven IABP. Our investigation revealed the following. (1) The trial LPM was 1.3 L in volume and had a mass of 6.3 kg. Its use will reduce the weight of IABP devices. (2) The LPM has a high thrust/volume ratio of 0.88 N/ml. (3) The driving characteristic of the LPM-driven IABP was evaluated using a mock testing device. The maximum pumping rate of this IABP device is approximately 120 beats/min. As a result, an LPM-driven IABP will be capable of sufficiently high performance to enable clinical use.
主动脉内球囊泵(IABP)是一种在急性心力衰竭情况下支持循环的有效装置。小型IABP设备在医疗领域中需求迫切。作者研究了一种IABP装置,该装置使用线性脉冲电机(LPM)来减小装置尺寸。本文讨论了作者开发的用于驱动IABP的LPM的特性,并描述了对LPM驱动的IABP的评估结果。我们的调查结果如下。(1) 试验LPM体积为1.3升,质量为6.3公斤。它的使用将减轻IABP装置的重量。(2) LPM具有0.88N/ml的高推力/体积比。(3) 使用模拟测试装置对LPM驱动的IABP的驱动特性进行了评估。该IABP装置的最大泵送速率约为120次/分。因此,LPM驱动的IABP将能够具有足够高的性能以实现临床使用。
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引用次数: 0
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IEEE Translation Journal on Magnetics in Japan
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