Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100090
Ayra I. Sayyed , William V. Padula
{"title":"Erratum to “Visual dysfunction and sudden onset symptoms leading to early detection of tick-borne infections: A case report” [IJID One Health 4 (2024) 100036]","authors":"Ayra I. Sayyed , William V. Padula","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145474529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100088
Emily P. Mitchell , Sunil-Chandra Narapity Pathirannehalage
To highlight the possible consequences of eradicating disease, relevant literature on the intended and unintended consequences of disease eradication was reviewed. Though resource-intensive, eradication is often more cost-effective than long-term control. Global health leaders pursue eradication when the benefits promise lasting public health gains and transformative impact, as in the case of smallpox, guinea worm, and rinderpest. Competitive release, where other pathogens with similar transmission modes or tissue tropism expand into the vacated niche, is discussed. One underlying principle of the One Health approach to understanding emerging infectious diseases is that human, animal, and environmental health are driven by a complex interplay of ecological, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. The law of unintended consequences means that whenever humans alter one factor, a completely unexpected event may occur. This complexity should be kept in mind in the formulation of any disease eradication or control program.
{"title":"Eradicating infectious disease: Can we and should we: A critical examination","authors":"Emily P. Mitchell , Sunil-Chandra Narapity Pathirannehalage","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To highlight the possible consequences of eradicating disease, relevant literature on the intended and unintended consequences of disease eradication was reviewed. Though resource-intensive, eradication is often more cost-effective than long-term control. Global health leaders pursue eradication when the benefits promise lasting public health gains and transformative impact, as in the case of smallpox, guinea worm, and rinderpest. Competitive release, where other pathogens with similar transmission modes or tissue tropism expand into the vacated niche, is discussed. One underlying principle of the One Health approach to understanding emerging infectious diseases is that human, animal, and environmental health are driven by a complex interplay of ecological, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. The law of unintended consequences means that whenever humans alter one factor, a completely unexpected event may occur. This complexity should be kept in mind in the formulation of any disease eradication or control program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to evaluate the outputs, outcomes, and early impact of the One Health frontline field epidemiology training program (OH-fFETPNG) pilot in Papua New Guinea (PNG) on graduates, their workplaces, and the broader health system and assess its contribution to cross-sectoral collaboration.
Methods
This retrospective concurrent mixed-methods impact evaluation was conducted from June to December 2023 across four pilot provinces in PNG. Data were collected via a desktop review of program documents, an online survey of 61 OH-fFETPNG graduates (67 % response rate), and semi-structured interviews, with a purposive sample of graduates, line managers, and provincial senior executives. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed.
Results
Of 76 enrolled fellows, 80 % (n = 61) graduated, producing 61 surveillance and 61 field investigation reports. Graduates self-reported improvements in epidemiologic knowledge, data management, outbreak detection, and analytical reporting, with high confidence in conducting descriptive data analyses (73 %), investigating One Health alerts (65 %), and community engagement (63 %). The program fostered stronger cross-sectoral collaboration, evidenced by increased joint investigations and use of provincial One Health WhatsApp groups. It also strengthened health system elements such as data collection (59 %) and reporting (52 %) and contributed to program sustainability, with three provinces including future cohorts in their budgets.
Conclusions
The OH-fFETPNG is a scalable, multisectoral model that effectively builds field epidemiology capacity and promotes cross-sectoral collaboration in PNG. Its success highlights the importance of co-designed curricula, mentorship, and integrating training outputs into existing systems for sustainable health security.
{"title":"The evaluation of the One Health frontline field epidemiology training program pilot in Papua New Guinea, 2022–2023","authors":"Bethseba Peni , Callum Thirkell , Miriel Boas , Kelitha Malio , Elaine Kagena , Elaine Hevoho , James Flint , Laura Macfarlane-Berry , Trinidad Velasco , Tambri Housen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the outputs, outcomes, and early impact of the One Health frontline field epidemiology training program (OH-fFETPNG) pilot in Papua New Guinea (PNG) on graduates, their workplaces, and the broader health system and assess its contribution to cross-sectoral collaboration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective concurrent mixed-methods impact evaluation was conducted from June to December 2023 across four pilot provinces in PNG. Data were collected via a desktop review of program documents, an online survey of 61 OH-fFETPNG graduates (67 % response rate), and semi-structured interviews, with a purposive sample of graduates, line managers, and provincial senior executives. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 76 enrolled fellows, 80 % (n = 61) graduated, producing 61 surveillance and 61 field investigation reports. Graduates self-reported improvements in epidemiologic knowledge, data management, outbreak detection, and analytical reporting, with high confidence in conducting descriptive data analyses (73 %), investigating One Health alerts (65 %), and community engagement (63 %). The program fostered stronger cross-sectoral collaboration, evidenced by increased joint investigations and use of provincial One Health WhatsApp groups. It also strengthened health system elements such as data collection (59 %) and reporting (52 %) and contributed to program sustainability, with three provinces including future cohorts in their budgets.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The OH-fFETPNG is a scalable, multisectoral model that effectively builds field epidemiology capacity and promotes cross-sectoral collaboration in PNG. Its success highlights the importance of co-designed curricula, mentorship, and integrating training outputs into existing systems for sustainable health security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100086
Ebrahim Abbasi
Cockroaches are among the most resilient urban pests, posing significant public health and environmental challenges. This review examines their biology, disease transmission potential, and control strategies in urban environments. Key findings highlight their adaptability, rapid reproduction, and role as vectors for pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella, as well as allergens that worsen respiratory conditions. Insecticide resistance complicates traditional control efforts, making integrated pest management a combination of chemical, biological, and environmental strategies the most sustainable approach. Emerging technologies like gene editing offer future solutions. Addressing cockroach infestations requires interdisciplinary collaboration, improved sanitation, public education, and proactive urban planning to reduce health risks and enhance quality of life in urban settings.
{"title":"Cockroaches as urban pests: Challenges, public health implications, and management strategies","authors":"Ebrahim Abbasi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cockroaches are among the most resilient urban pests, posing significant public health and environmental challenges. This review examines their biology, disease transmission potential, and control strategies in urban environments. Key findings highlight their adaptability, rapid reproduction, and role as vectors for pathogens such as <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Salmonella</em>, as well as allergens that worsen respiratory conditions. Insecticide resistance complicates traditional control efforts, making integrated pest management a combination of chemical, biological, and environmental strategies the most sustainable approach. Emerging technologies like gene editing offer future solutions. Addressing cockroach infestations requires interdisciplinary collaboration, improved sanitation, public education, and proactive urban planning to reduce health risks and enhance quality of life in urban settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100085
Ayman Azhary , Nooh Mohamed Hajhamed , Claude Mambo Muvunyi , Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
Objectives
The ongoing-armed conflict in Sudan has precipitated a resurgence of multistate rabies outbreaks, alongside other infectious diseases, due to destruction of health care infrastructure and increased population displacement. Rabies remains a critical public health threat, primarily transmitted through dog bites, with significant mortality in affected regions.
Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed national surveillance data from Sudan between 2023 and 2024. Variables included case counts, fatalities, vaccination coverage, and case fatality rates across six states. Data were obtained from the National Surveillance Interactive Dashboard, and analyses were conducted using R software.
Results
A total of 367 rabies cases and six deaths were reported, predominantly in Khartoum (329 cases), with an overall case fatality rate of 1.6 %. The current control measure score remains low (1.5 of 5 on the Stepwise Approach towards Rabies Elimination framework), indicating critical gaps in national rabies management strategies. Notably, the proliferation of stray dogs and limited access to post-exposure prophylaxis have exacerbated the outbreak.
Conclusions
The resurgence underscores an urgent need to strengthen rabies prevention, detection, and response strategies in Sudan. An effective control approach requires an integrated One Health framework, fostering collaboration among human health, animal health, and environmental sectors. International support for vaccine and immunoglobulin provision, capacity building of health care providers, and enhanced surveillance are crucial. Implementing a comprehensive rabies control plan aligned with global elimination efforts is vital to prevent future outbreaks, protect public and animal health, and inform policy interventions in conflict-affected settings.
{"title":"Resurgence of multistate rabies amid ongoing conflict in Sudan: Strengthening a One Health response","authors":"Ayman Azhary , Nooh Mohamed Hajhamed , Claude Mambo Muvunyi , Emmanuel Edwar Siddig","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The ongoing-armed conflict in Sudan has precipitated a resurgence of multistate rabies outbreaks, alongside other infectious diseases, due to destruction of health care infrastructure and increased population displacement. Rabies remains a critical public health threat, primarily transmitted through dog bites, with significant mortality in affected regions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed national surveillance data from Sudan between 2023 and 2024. Variables included case counts, fatalities, vaccination coverage, and case fatality rates across six states. Data were obtained from the National Surveillance Interactive Dashboard, and analyses were conducted using R software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 367 rabies cases and six deaths were reported, predominantly in Khartoum (329 cases), with an overall case fatality rate of 1.6 %. The current control measure score remains low (1.5 of 5 on the Stepwise Approach towards Rabies Elimination framework), indicating critical gaps in national rabies management strategies. Notably, the proliferation of stray dogs and limited access to post-exposure prophylaxis have exacerbated the outbreak.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The resurgence underscores an urgent need to strengthen rabies prevention, detection, and response strategies in Sudan. An effective control approach requires an integrated One Health framework, fostering collaboration among human health, animal health, and environmental sectors. International support for vaccine and immunoglobulin provision, capacity building of health care providers, and enhanced surveillance are crucial. Implementing a comprehensive rabies control plan aligned with global elimination efforts is vital to prevent future outbreaks, protect public and animal health, and inform policy interventions in conflict-affected settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100081
Annette Choi , Alison E. Stout , Alicia Rollins , Kally Wang , Qinghua Guo , Javier A. Jaimes , Monica Kennedy , Bettina Wagner , Gary R. Whittaker
Objectives
We report a retrospective serological survey of cats presented to an animal practice in New York City, in close proximity to a medical center that treated the first wave of COVID-19 in the U.S.
Methods
Using a bead-based multiplex assay, we sampled 79, mostly indoor cats between June 2020 and May 2021, the early part of which time the community was under a strict public health “lockdown”.
Results
We found an overall prevalence of 13/79 (16 %) serologically positive animals for the study period; however, cats sampled in the fall of 2020 had a confirmed positive prevalence of 44 %. Of the seropositive cats, 7/13 (54 %) were also positive by virus neutralization, and two seropositive cats had previously documented respiratory signs, with neutralization titers of 1:1024 and 1:4096. There was no statistically significant association of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity with respiratory signs, or with breed, sex, or age of the animals. Follow-up sampling of cats showed that serological titers were maintained over time.
Conclusions
We demonstrate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 in a defined feline population during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and suggest that human-to-cat transmission was substantial in our study group. Our study provides a new One Health context for SARS-CoV-2 transmission events.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey of healthy, privately owned cats at a New York City animal hospital early in the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021)","authors":"Annette Choi , Alison E. Stout , Alicia Rollins , Kally Wang , Qinghua Guo , Javier A. Jaimes , Monica Kennedy , Bettina Wagner , Gary R. Whittaker","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We report a retrospective serological survey of cats presented to an animal practice in New York City, in close proximity to a medical center that treated the first wave of COVID-19 in the U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a bead-based multiplex assay, we sampled 79, mostly indoor cats between June 2020 and May 2021, the early part of which time the community was under a strict public health “lockdown”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found an overall prevalence of 13/79 (16 %) serologically positive animals for the study period; however, cats sampled in the fall of 2020 had a confirmed positive prevalence of 44 %. Of the seropositive cats, 7/13 (54 %) were also positive by virus neutralization, and two seropositive cats had previously documented respiratory signs, with neutralization titers of 1:1024 and 1:4096. There was no statistically significant association of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity with respiratory signs, or with breed, sex, or age of the animals. Follow-up sampling of cats showed that serological titers were maintained over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We demonstrate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 in a defined feline population during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and suggest that human-to-cat transmission was substantial in our study group. Our study provides a new One Health context for SARS-CoV-2 transmission events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100080
Faheela Tamseel
{"title":"Sentinel case of cow-transmitted rabies: Call for expansion of zoonotic surveillance beyond canines","authors":"Faheela Tamseel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European bats can be infected by several lyssaviruses, the causative agents of rabies. These viruses can be transmitted from bats to humans and result in a fatal viral encephalitis. Bat handlers are at special risk of lyssavirus exposure because they regularly handle bats for conservation, scientific, and welfare purposes.
Methods
An online survey was conducted among a large French network of bat handlers to evaluate the knowledge and perception of bat lyssavirus risk, safety practices, and bat exposures, as well as factors that might increase exposure risk.
Results
Eligible responses were received from 130 bat handlers. Most respondents (89.2 %) reported that they had experienced at least one bat bite since they started handling bats. Awareness of the risk of bat-human lyssavirus transmission was high (82.3 % of respondents). The safety practices were implemented by most respondents: 83.1 % were vaccinated against rabies and 80.8 % systematically used gloves to handle bats. However, gaps between recommendations and practice were noted regarding post-vaccination antirabies periodic serological monitoring and recourse to post-exposure prophylaxis administration after bat exposure.
Conclusions
This research provides new prospects for improving the training of bat handlers and compliance with safety practices with regard to the risk of exposure to the bat lyssaviruses.
{"title":"Bat rabies exposures and safety practices among a self-selecting sample of French bat handlers","authors":"Julie Marmet , Laurent Dacheux , Katherine Worsley-Tonks , Evelyne Picard-Meyer , Hervé Bourhy , Perrine Parize","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>European bats can be infected by several lyssaviruses, the causative agents of rabies. These viruses can be transmitted from bats to humans and result in a fatal viral encephalitis. Bat handlers are at special risk of lyssavirus exposure because they regularly handle bats for conservation, scientific, and welfare purposes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online survey was conducted among a large French network of bat handlers to evaluate the knowledge and perception of bat lyssavirus risk, safety practices, and bat exposures, as well as factors that might increase exposure risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eligible responses were received from 130 bat handlers. Most respondents (89.2 %) reported that they had experienced at least one bat bite since they started handling bats. Awareness of the risk of bat-human lyssavirus transmission was high (82.3 % of respondents). The safety practices were implemented by most respondents: 83.1 % were vaccinated against rabies and 80.8 % systematically used gloves to handle bats. However, gaps between recommendations and practice were noted regarding post-vaccination antirabies periodic serological monitoring and recourse to post-exposure prophylaxis administration after bat exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This research provides new prospects for improving the training of bat handlers and compliance with safety practices with regard to the risk of exposure to the bat lyssaviruses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100078
Tania A. De la Cruz-Saldaña , Javier A. Bustos , María P. Requena-Herrera , Nelson Martinez-Merizalde , Lizzie Ortiz-Cam , Ana Lucía Cáceres , Carolina Guzman , Cesar M. Gavidia , Cesar Ugarte-Gil , Ricardo Castillo-Neyra
Objectives
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (EG) causes cystic echinococcosis (CE), a neglected zoonotic disease with a global control burden in the billions of dollars. We provide a comprehensive overview of EG control interventions worldwide.
Methods
We followed the Arksey and O'Malley Framework. We identified and coded selected articles and classified the data based on target host, type of study, and control mechanism. We described each intervention’s efficacy, safety, barriers, and facilitators. Critical appraisal was conducted independently by two reviewers using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.
Results
We screened 7853 studies and analyzed seven on human interventions, 21 on animals, and 17 on both. Human studies focused mostly on educational strategies and monitoring. Animal studies focused predominantly on praziquantel (PZQ) for dogs and the EG95 vaccine for sheep. Animal and human studies were larger, longer, and covered wider areas. Overall, study quality was moderate to low.
Conclusions
Long-term interventions targeting animals and humans can significantly reduce EG transmission, particularly when PZQ is included. Higher-quality evidence, standardized methods, and better reporting on post-intervention outcomes are necessary to draw stronger conclusions and assess the sustainability and scalability of control measures. A One Health approach is essential for integrating and sustaining long-term EG control efforts.
{"title":"Scoping review of global control strategies for Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato","authors":"Tania A. De la Cruz-Saldaña , Javier A. Bustos , María P. Requena-Herrera , Nelson Martinez-Merizalde , Lizzie Ortiz-Cam , Ana Lucía Cáceres , Carolina Guzman , Cesar M. Gavidia , Cesar Ugarte-Gil , Ricardo Castillo-Neyra","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato</em> (EG) causes cystic echinococcosis (CE), a neglected zoonotic disease with a global control burden in the billions of dollars. We provide a comprehensive overview of EG control interventions worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We followed the Arksey and O'Malley Framework. We identified and coded selected articles and classified the data based on target host, type of study, and control mechanism. We described each intervention’s efficacy, safety, barriers, and facilitators. Critical appraisal was conducted independently by two reviewers using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We screened 7853 studies and analyzed seven on human interventions, 21 on animals, and 17 on both. Human studies focused mostly on educational strategies and monitoring. Animal studies focused predominantly on praziquantel (PZQ) for dogs and the EG95 vaccine for sheep. Animal and human studies were larger, longer, and covered wider areas. Overall, study quality was moderate to low.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Long-term interventions targeting animals and humans can significantly reduce EG transmission, particularly when PZQ is included. Higher-quality evidence, standardized methods, and better reporting on post-intervention outcomes are necessary to draw stronger conclusions and assess the sustainability and scalability of control measures. A One Health approach is essential for integrating and sustaining long-term EG control efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Limited data on Hymenolepis species in Bangladesh present a significant gap in understanding their epidemiology and zoonotic potential. This study aimed to detect the presence of Hymenolepis diminuta in domestic rats from urban slums in Sylhet, Bangladesh and assess associated public health risks.
Methods
From February to May 2024, 36 domestic rats were trapped in slum households, prioritizing high-exposure zones, such as kitchens and bedrooms, where human-rodent interactions are most frequent. Trapped rats were euthanized and examined for helminth infections. Cestodes were morphologically analyzed, and selected specimens underwent molecular sequencing. A structured questionnaire survey was also conducted in affected households to assess awareness and rat control practices.
Results
Helminth infections were observed in 23 (63.9 %) rats, with cestodes present in eight (22.2 %). A total of 11 cestode specimens were identified as H. diminuta based on morphological features (elongated body, unarmed scolex, spherical eggs) and confirmed by sequence similarity (internal transcribed spacer 1 region of ribosomal DNA) with GenBank references. Surveys revealed zero household awareness of zoonoses despite frequent rat-related losses. Rat control was inconsistent, elevating spillover risks.
Conclusions
This study confirms R. rattus as a reservoir for H. diminuta in urban Sylhet and highlights the urgent need for targeted public health interventions to reduce zoonotic transmission risks.
{"title":"Morphometric and molecular identification of Hymenolepis diminuta in domestic rats (Rattus rattus) from urban slums in Northeastern Bangladesh: Implications for zoonotic transmission","authors":"Tilak Chandra Nath , Md. Rokibul Hasan Shanto , Md. Masudur Rahman Khondaker , Mahfuja Akter , Md. Shakil Mahmud Supto , Proloy Chakraborty Tusher , Tarek Siddiki , Heeil Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Limited data on <em>Hymenolepis</em> species in Bangladesh present a significant gap in understanding their epidemiology and zoonotic potential. This study aimed to detect the presence of <em>Hymenolepis diminuta</em> in domestic rats from urban slums in Sylhet, Bangladesh and assess associated public health risks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From February to May 2024, 36 domestic rats were trapped in slum households, prioritizing high-exposure zones, such as kitchens and bedrooms, where human-rodent interactions are most frequent. Trapped rats were euthanized and examined for helminth infections. Cestodes were morphologically analyzed, and selected specimens underwent molecular sequencing. A structured questionnaire survey was also conducted in affected households to assess awareness and rat control practices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Helminth infections were observed in 23 (63.9 %) rats, with cestodes present in eight (22.2 %). A total of 11 cestode specimens were identified as <em>H. diminuta</em> based on morphological features (elongated body, unarmed scolex, spherical eggs) and confirmed by sequence similarity (internal transcribed spacer 1 region of ribosomal DNA) with GenBank references. Surveys revealed zero household awareness of zoonoses despite frequent rat-related losses. Rat control was inconsistent, elevating spillover risks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms <em>R. rattus</em> as a reservoir for <em>H. diminuta</em> in urban Sylhet and highlights the urgent need for targeted public health interventions to reduce zoonotic transmission risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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