Interdisciplinary Materials最新文献

Solid-state lithium metal batteries are considered to be the next generation of energy storage systems due to the high energy density brought by the use of metal lithium anode and the safety features brought by the use of solid electrolytes (SEs). Unfortunately, besides the safety features, using SEs brings issues of interfacial contact of lithium anode and electrolytes. Recently, to realize the application of solid-state lithium metal batteries, significant achievements have been made in the interface engineering of solid-state batteries, and various new strategies have been proposed. In this review, from the interface failure perspective of solid-state lithium metal batteries, we summarize failure mechanisms in terms of poor physical contact, weak chemical/electrochemical stability, continuing contact degradation, and uncontrollable lithium deposition. We then focused on the latest strategies for solving interface issues, including advancing in improving the physical solid–solid contact, increasing the electrochemical/chemical stability, restraining continuing contact degradation, and controlling homogeneous lithium deposition. The ultimate and paramount future developing directions of solid-state lithium metal battery interface engineering are proposed.

The significant advancement of high-power densification and miniaturization in modern electronic devices has attracted increasing attention to effective thermal management. The primary objective of thermal management is to transfer excess heat from electronics to the outside environment through the use of thermal conductive materials. The anisotropic thermally conductive films (TCFs) based on two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials exhibit outstanding controlled heat transfer capability, which effectively removes hotspots along the in-plane direction and provides thermal insulation along the cross-plane direction. However, a comprehensive review of anisotropic TCFs is rarely reported. Herein, we first discuss the intrinsic anisotropic thermal conductivity of 2D nanomaterials for preparing TCFs. Then, the preparation methods and anisotropic thermal conductivity of TCFs have been summarized and discussed. Furthermore, we conclude with the practical applications of TCFs for anisotropy thermal management. Finally, a conclusion of the challenges and outlook of TCFs is provided to promote their development in future scientific research.

Inside Front Cover: In the review of doi:10.1002/idm2.12176, recent progress, mechanism, challenges, and perspectives in photocatalysis using the polar materials are summarized. As depicted in the image, under solar irradiation, the intrinsic internal electric field in polar catalysts facilitates the separation of carriers and the generation of reduction and oxidation products. Future research on photocatalysis using polar materials holds promise for significant advancements in environmental chemistry and energy engineering, leading to more efficient and sustainable energy solutions.

Inside Back Cover: The present work in doi:10.1002/idm2.12169 demonstrates a scaffoldcorrelated evolved gas bubble behavior in the gas production electrocatalysis by threedimensional printing nickel-based sulfide (3DPNS) electrodes with varying scaffold structures. The primary objective was to explore the correlation between the number of hole sides (HS) present in the electrode scaffolds and the release of gas bubbles. In the context of the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), an increase in the number of HS was observed to lead to a faster overflow of H2 bubbles, and this acceleration was attributed to the reduced size of the overflowing bubbles. The research outcomes hold significance in advancing the design and development of catalytic electrodes.

Outside Back Cover: In the review of doi:10.1002/idm2.12177, we discussed the principle and electrochemistry of sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries and analyzed the critical role of heterostructured materials in addressing the inherent challenges faced by Na-S batteries. The cover image highlighted the two keywords of Na-S BATTERY and HETEROSTRUCTURE and showcased the relationship between them.

Outside Front Cover: The study in doi:10.1002/idm2.12170 investigates the effect of stabilizing the metastable phase on thermoelectric performance of GeSe by manipulating the chemical bonding mechanisms. This image illustrates the transformation of chemical bonding mechanism from covalent bonding to metavalent bonding and the corresponding phase transition from a stable orthorhombic to a metastable rhombohedral phase. The metastable phase demonstrates excellent thermoelectric performance, which can improve the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric device. High-performance thermoelectric devices have potential applications in chip heat-management systems and as power supply systems (RTGs) for longterm space exploration projects.

TiO₂ has attracted much attention in the field of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics due to its good photostability, nontoxicity, and low cost. However, the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers limits the further improvement of its photocatalytic activity. Here, a facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal method has been developed to prepare Pt clusters decorated TiO₂ nanoparticles. Pt clusters ranging in size from 1 to 2 nm are uniformly distributed across the surface of the TiO₂ matrix. A pronounced charge transfer phenomenon is discernible between the Pt and TiO₂ components. It is revealed that the charge transfer enables faster transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, which are beneficial for the improvement of photocatalytic degradation of both ofloxacin and levofloxacin. The degradation capability can be attributed to the efficient generation of •OH or •O₂⁻ species within the solution. The parallel adsorption model of TiO₂ on antibiotic molecules is verified, and the degradation reaction pathway has been elucidated. This work provides a facile method for optimizing the performance of TiO₂ photocatalysts, which can be extended to other oxide photocatalysts.

Fluorene-containing branched poly(aryl-ether-ketone) (BFPAEK) with terminal hydroxyl groups is synthesized by random copolycondensation reaction; then, the CF@BFPAEK/PEEK laminated composite is prepared by the “powder impregnation-high temperature compression molding” method with poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) as the matrix and BFPAEK-modified carbon fiber (CF@BFPAEK) as the reinforcement. When the content of branched units in BFPAEK is 10% and the coating amount of BFPAEK on the carbon fiber (CF) surface is 3 wt%, the CF@BFPAEK/PEEK laminated composite has outstanding mechanical properties, with an interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of 57.3 MPa and flexural strength of 589.4 MPa, which are 80.2% and 44.3% higher than those of the pure CF/PEEK laminated composite (31.8 and 408.4 MPa), respectively. After 288 h of hydrothermal aging and high/low-temperature alternating aging, the corresponding retention rate of ILSS and flexural strength are respectively 87.9% and 84.7%, higher than those of pure CF/PEEK laminated composites (74.5% and 70.4%). The thermal conductivity coefficient and temperature for 5% weight loss of CF@BFPAEK/PEEK laminated composite are 1.85 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ and 538.0°C, respectively.

The functional concept of using synthetic entities to supplement or replace certain functions or structures of biological cells is realized by the development of atypical artificial cells using a bottom-up approach. Tremendous progress has been achieved over the past 5 years that focuses on the therapeutic applications of atypical artificial cells, especially in the anticancer arena. Artificial cell-based anticancer strategies have demonstrated eminent advantages over conventional anticancer tactics, with excellent biocompatibility and targeting capability. The present review commences with introducing the constructing principles and classification of artificial cells. Artificial cell-based applications in cancer prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment are subsequently highlighted. These stimulating outcomes may inspire the development of next-generation anticancer therapeutic strategies.

Lithium (Li)-metal batteries with polymer electrolytes are promising for high-energy-density and safe energy storage applications. However, current polymer electrolytes suffer either low ionic conductivity or inadequate ability to suppress Li dendrite growth at high current densities. This study addresses both issues by incorporating two-dimensional oxygenated carbon nitride (2D OCN) into a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based composite polymer electrolyte and modifying the Li anode with OCN. The OCN nanosheets incorporated PVDF electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity (1.6 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at 25°C) and Li⁺ transference number (0.62), wide electrochemical window (5.3), and excellent fire resistance. Furthermore, the OCN-modified Li anode in situ generates a protective layer of Li₃N during cycling, preventing undesirable reactions with PVDF electrolyte and effectively suppressing Li dendrite growth. Symmetric cells using the upgraded PVDF polymer electrolyte and modified Li anode demonstrate long cycling stability over 2500 h at 0.1 mA cm⁻². Full cells with a high-voltage LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ cathode exhibit high energy density and long-term cycling stability, even at a high loading of 8.2 mg cm⁻². Incorporating 2D OCN nanosheets into the PVDF-based electrolyte and Li-metal anode provides an effective strategy for achieving safe and high-energy-density Li-metal batteries.