Interdisciplinary Materials最新文献

For a clean and sustainable society, there is an urgent demand for renewable energy with net-zero emissions due to fossil fuels limited resources and irreversible environmental impact. Hydrogen has the unrivaled potential to replace fossil fuels due to its high gravimetric energy density, abundant sources (H₂O), and environmental friendliness. However, its low volumetric energy density causes significant challenges, inspiring major efforts to develop chemical-based storage alternatives. Solid-state hydrogen storage in materials has substantial potential for fulfilling the practical requirements and is recognized as a potential candidate due to their properties tuning more independently. However, hydrogen's stable thermodynamics and sluggish kinetics are the bottleneck to its widespread applications. To explore the kinetic and thermodynamic barriers in the fundamentals of hydrogen storage materials, this review will provide promising information for researchers to gain detailed knowledge about hydrogen storage energy applications and find new routes for materials engineering with tuned properties. This will further attract a wider scientific community and intend to understand the innovative concepts and strategies developed and to employ them in tailoring hydrogen storage materials' kinetic and thermodynamic properties. Recent advances in nanostructuring, nanoconfinement with in situ catalysts, and host/guest stress/strain engineering have the potential to propel the prospects of tailoring the hydrogen storage materials properties at the nanoscale with several promising directions and strategies that could lead to the next generation of solid-state hydrogen storage practical applications.

Outside Back Cover: The cover of doi:10.1002/idm2.12216 artistically captures the global rise of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in hydrogen storage technology through a striking composition where Earth seamlessly transforms into a multi-element HEA structure, symbolizing how this revolutionary material system is rapidly sweeping across the world. The dynamic transition from Earth's surface to the colorful atomic arrangement of HEAs, decorated with hydrogen molecules (blue spheres), represents the accelerating worldwide adoption and research of HEA-based hydrogen storage solutions. This comprehensive review examines how HEAs are transforming the landscape of solid-state hydrogen storage technology, pointing toward a sustainable energy future.

Inside Front Cover: In the review of doi:10.1002/idm2.12214, the chemical strategies to improve the safety of organic/polymeric conjugated materials in biomedical applications are summarized and discussed. As depicted in the image, the precise designed materials would become metabolizable, or degradable by either endogenous reactive oxygen species or external stimuli, and subsequently excreted through liver or kidney. After disease diagnosis or treatment, such materials could be rapidly inactivated and subsequently excreted from the body, exhibiting high biological safety due to its efficient elimination, which highlight their scientific significance with biomedical and even clinical application values.

Outside Front Cover: The study reported in doi:10.1002/idm2.12226 presents a highperformance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) featuring a double-spiral zigzag-origami structure. This image illustrates that the TENG system efficiently harvests energy from ocean waves by converting low-frequency wave vibrations into electricity. Equipped with a powermanaged circuit, this TENG effectively powers a wireless water quality sensor and transmits data without the need for an external power source. These findings advance the development of sustainable, renewable energy technologies for oceanic applications, offering new avenues for the design of innovative materials and structures in energy harvesting.

Inside Back Cover: The cover image of doi:10.1002/idm2.12222 presents an engineered FeF₂ electrode through the optimization of electrode materials and a sodium alginate binder relying on robust interactions. This engineering results in an optimized electrode architecture that exhibits resistance to the dissolution of transition metal ions, thus enhancing the cycling stability of conversion-type electrode materials.

Anode-free lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs), also known as lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with zero excess lithium, have garnered significant attention due to their substantially higher energy density compared to conventional lithium metal anodes, improved safety characteristics, and lower production costs. However, the current cycling stability of AFLMBs faces formidable challenges primarily caused by significant lithium loss associated with the deposition of lithium metal. Therefore, this review focuses on the crucial aspects of lithium metal nucleation and growth on the anode side. Respectively, aiming to provide an in-depth understanding of the deposition mechanisms, comprehensively summarize the corresponding scientific influencing factors, and analyze specific strategies for addressing these issues through the integration of relevant exemplary cases. Importantly, this review endeavors to offer a profound explication of the scientific essence and intricate mechanisms that underlie the diverse modification strategies. This review possesses the inherent capacity to greatly facilitate the progress and enlightenment of research in this field, offering a valuable resource for the researchers.

Humanoid robots have garnered substantial attention recently in both academia and industry. These robots are becoming increasingly sophisticated and intelligent, as seen in health care, education, customer service, logistics, security, space exploration, and so forth. Central to these technological advancements is tactile perception, a crucial modality through which humanoid robots exchange information with their external environment, thereby facilitating human-like behaviors such as object recognition and dexterous manipulation. Texture perception is particularly vital for these tasks, as the surface morphology of objects significantly influences recognition and manipulation abilities. This review addresses the recent progress in tactile sensing and machine learning for texture perception in humanoid robots. We first examine the design and working principles of tactile sensors employed in texture perception, differentiating between touch-based and sliding-based approaches. Subsequently, we delve into the machine learning algorithms implemented for texture perception using these tactile sensors. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future opportunities in this evolving field. This review aims to provide insights into the state-of-the-art developments and foster advancements in tactile sensing and machine learning for texture perception in humanoid robotics.

Efficient and cost-effective catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are crucial for the commercialization of metal-air batteries. In this study, we utilized theoretical calculations to guide the material synthesis strategy for preparing catalysts. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we systematically explored the ORR performance of metal metaphosphates (A-M(PO₃)₂, B-M(PO₃)₂, M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) with both amorphous and crystalline structures. Amorphous A-Mn(PO₃)₂ showed optimal adsorption energy and the lowest ORR overpotential of 0.32 eV. Phytic acid was employed as a phosphorus source, and the chelating structure of phytic acid molecules and metal ions was broken through the “metal ion pre-adsorption and spatial confinement strategy” of carbon materials with electron-rich centers. Following high-temperature calcination, we successfully prepared a series of amorphous metal metaphosphate composite catalysts for the first time. In 0.1 M KOH electrolyte, both amorphous Mn(PO₃)₂-C/C₃N₄/CQDs (carbon quantum dots) and Mn(PO₃)₂-C/C₃N₄/CNTs (carbon nanotubes) exhibited excellent ORR catalytic activity, with half-wave potentials of 0.85 V and 0.80 V, respectively. A linear correlation between theoretical overpotentials and experimental half-wave potentials was discovered through comparison. This work could open a new avenue to the discovery of highly efficient non-precious metal-based catalysts with amorphous structures.

Bioinspired energy-autonomous interactive electronics are prevalent. However, self-powered artificial skins are often challenging to be combined with excellent mechanical properties, optical transparency, autonomous attachability, and biocompatibility. Herein, a robust ecological polyionic skin (polyionic eco-skin) based on triboelectric mechanism consisting of ethyl cellulose/waterborne polyurethane/Cu nanoparticles (EWC) green electroactive sensitive material and polyethylene oxide/waterborne polyurethane/phytic acid (PWP) polyionic current collector is proposed. The polyionic eco-skin features sufficient stretchability (90%) and low Young's modulus (0.8 MPa) close to that of human soft tissue, high transparency (> 84% of transmission) in the visible light range, and broad static/dynamic adhesiveness, which endows it with strong adaptive implementation capacity in flexible curved electronics. More importantly, the self-powered polyionic eco-skin exhibits enhanced force-electric conversion performance by coordinating the effect of nanoparticle-polymer interfacial polarization and porous structure of sensitive material. Integrating multiple characteristics enables the polyionic eco-skin to effectively convert biomechanical energy into electrical energy, supporting self-powered functionality for itself and related circuits. Moreover, the eco-skin can be utilized to construct an interactive system and realize the remote noncontact manipulation of targets. The polyionic eco-skin holds tremendous application potential in self-powered security systems, human–machine interaction interfaces, and bionic robots, which is expected to inject new vitality into a human–cyber–physical intelligence integration.

Direct hydrazine-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells (DHzHPFCs) offer unique advantages for air-independent applications, but their commercialization is impeded by the lack of high-performance and low-cost catalysts. This study reports a novel dual-site Co-Zn catalyst designed to enhance the hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) activity. Density functional theory calculations suggested that incorporating Zn into Co catalysts can weaken the binding strength of the crucial N₂H₃* intermediate, which limits the rate-determining N₂H₃* desorption step. The synthesized p-Co₉Zn₁ catalyst exhibited a remarkably low reaction potential of −0.15 V versus RHE at 10 mA cm⁻², outperforming monometallic Co catalysts. Experimental and computational analyses revealed dual active sites at the Co/ZnO interface, which facilitate N₂H₃* desorption and subsequent N₂H₂* formation. A liquid N₂H₄-H₂O₂ fuel cell with p-Co₉Zn₁ catalyst achieved a high open circuit voltage of 1.916 V and a maximum power density of 195 mW cm⁻², demonstrating the potential application of the dual-site Co-Zn catalyst. This rational design strategy of tuning the N₂H₃* binding energy through bimetallic interactions provides a pathway for developing efficient and economical non-precious metal electrocatalysts for DHzHPFCs.