Interdisciplinary Materials最新文献

Arthritis is a chronic disease whose etiology is difficult to pinpoint, and the difficulty of arthritis detection and subsequent treatment causes enormous distress to patients. In recent years, thanks to advances in medicine and detection, a variety of treatment modalities for arthritis have emerged. The combination of emerging detection technologies with different anti-inflammatory medications and even advances in surgical techniques have all played a positive role in the treatment of arthritis. In the present work, we have collected relevant literature on fluorescence (FL) imaging and phototherapy of arthritis in recent years, intending to reveal the advantages and potential application value of FL imaging and phototherapy for researchers. Meanwhile, due to the shortcomings of FL imaging and phototherapy in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis, we advocate overcoming these difficulties in future research.

Realizing bicontinuous fibrillar charge transport networks in the photoactive layer has been considered a promising method to achieve high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs); however, this has been rarely achieved due to the interference of molecular organization of donor and acceptor components during solution casting. In this contribution, the fibrillization of polymer donor PM6 and small molecular nonfullerene acceptor L8-BO is realized with the assistance of conjugated polymer D18-Cl. Atomic force microscopy and photo-induced force microscopy reveal that PM6 and D18-Cl co-assemble into long and slender fibrils within wide blending ratios due to their high compatibility; in contrast, the fibrillization of L8-BO can be encouraged with the incorporation of 1% D18-Cl. By utilizing a pseudo-bulk heterojunction (p-BHJ) active layer fabricated by layer-by-layer deposition, the optimized PM6+20% D18-Cl/L8-BO+1% D18-Cl OSCs obtain bicontinuous fibril networks, leading to enhanced exciton dissociation and charge transport processes and superior power conversion efficiency of 19.2% (certified 18.91%) compared to 18.8% of the PM6:D18-Cl:L8-BO ternary BHJ OSCs.

Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (PK/Si TSCs) blaze the way in pushing power conversion efficiency (PCE) beyond the single-junction Shockley–Queisser limit. Meanwhile, localized defects in perovskite subcells result in a lower fill factor (FF), which limits further improvement of PCE in PK/Si TSCs. Herein, we report a conductive passivation contact layer by posttreatment of bis(2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium chloride (BDAC) zwitterion molecule on the perovskite surface. It can passivate the positive and negative localized defects, inhibit the formation of Pb⁰, and spontaneously convert the perovskite surface to be a more n-type conductive contact layer for charge separation. These combined enhancements enabled a PCE of 21.4% with an enhanced V_OC of 80 mV and an FF of 82.84% for the inverted single-junction device prepared by the two-step method. Moreover, BDAC passivation achieved a PCE of 28.67% with an FF of 80.02% for PK/Si TSCs. In addition, the scaling-up device with an active area of 11.879 cm² delivers a PCE of 24.46%, and a minimodule with power conversion over 2 W is designed and fabricated.

Outside Front Cover: This work in doi:10.1002/idm2.12118 offers a holistic view of pathways for high-energy Li-S batteries under realistic conditions. Critical requirements for achieving high cell-level energy density for a Li-S cell are elaborated, including thick cathode, thin anode, and lean electrolyte, to pave the way for their practical applications in electric vehicles and smart grids.

The three-dimensional (3D) multicellular platforms prepared by cells or biomaterials have been widely applied in biomedical fields for the regeneration of complex tissues, the exploration of cell crosstalk, and the establishment of tissue physiological and pathological models. Compared with the traditional 2D culture methods, the 3D multicellular platforms are easier to adjust the components and structures of extracellular matrix (ECM) because of the synthesis of ECM by cells and the use of biomaterials. Moreover, the 3D multicellular platforms also can customize the cell distribution and precisely design micro and macro structures of the systems. Based on these typical advantages of 3D multicellular platforms and their increasingly important position in the biomedical field, this review summarizes the present 3D multicellular platforms. Herein, current 3D multicellular platforms are divided into two major types: scaffold-free and scaffold-based 3D multicellular platforms. The specific characteristics and applications of different types of 3D multicellular platforms are thoroughly introduced to help readers understand how different models affect and regulate cell behaviors and inspire researchers on how to select and design suitable 3D multicellular platforms according to different application scenarios.

Inside Front Cover: In the review of doi:10.1002/idm2.12117, Chirality is a fundamental property observed in both living organisms and nature, which has demonstrated a preference for a specific type of chirality, leading to the selection of L-amino acids as the primary constituents of proteins, and D-sugars as the primary components of DNA and RNA. Hence, a more comprehensive investigation of the self-assembly of chirality at both the molecular and supramolecular scales could provide enhanced insights into biological systems, thereby facilitating breakthroughs in the development of novel materials.

Thermal management is of great significance for human activities. Attaining thermal comfort not only requires thermal control of building's macroenvironment, but also additionally personal thermal regulation. Radiative cooling technologies are anticipated to effectively lower building energy utilization and provide optimal thermal comfort for individuals in hot weather. Nevertheless, these static and single-purpose characteristics lack the ability to adjust to rapidly changing weather conditions, often leading to excessive cooling. To overcome this challenge, the emergence of dual-mode smart flipping technologies has provided a pathway for dynamically adjusting the heating or cooling of objects in response to fluctuations in ambient temperature. First, the underlying principles of dual-mode smart flipping are shown. Then the evolving materials and approaches of smart flipping are given an introduction to adapt to different environments under external stimuli, such as mechanical flipping, temperature, humidity, and so forth. Afterward, we present the recent applications of dual-mode smart flipping materials and devices in personal thermal management, thermoelectric generation, energy-saving buildings, and smart windows. Finally, the challenges and outlook of dual-mode smart flipping are presented and future directions are identified.

Outside Back Cover: AgIn₅S₈ is a promising semiconductor photocatalyst for efficient visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE). In this review by X. Zheng et al. doi:10.1002/idm2.12120, the recent progress of AgIn₅S₈-based photocatalysts for PHE application are comprehensively discussed, the representative optimization strategies for PHE performance enhancement are summarized, including morphology control, cocatalyst loading, and heterojunction construction, and the current challenges and future perspectives are highlighted. The fundamental studies on AgIn₅S₈ photocatalyst are expected to stimulate research interest in solar-to-hydrogen and promote the development of advanced semiconductor photocatalyst.

Inside Back Cover: This manuscript (DOI:10.1002/idm2.12119) describes the in-situ formation of hydrogel networks, which occurs under the regulation of inorganic particle hydration, resulting in hybrid composites for bone defect repair. The hierarchically porous structure enables cell and nutrient transfer, facilitating bone regeneration.

Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based polymer solid electrolytes (PSE) have been pursued for the next-generation extremely safe and high-energy-density lithium metal batteries due to their exceptional flexibility, manufacturability, and lightweight nature. However, the practical application of PEO-PSE has been hindered by low ionic conductivity, limited lithium-ion transfer number (t_Li+), and inferior stability with lithium metal. Herein, an ultrathin composite solid-state electrolyte (CSSE) film with a thickness of 20 μm, incorporating uniformly dispersed two-dimensional fluorinated boron nitride (F-BN) nanosheet fillers (F-BN CSSE) is fabricated via a solution-casting process. The integration of F-BN effectively reduces the crystallinity of the PEO polymer matrix, creating additional channels that facilitate lithium-ion transport. Moreover, the presence of F-BN promotes an inorganic phase-dominated electrolyte interface film dominated by LiF, Li₂O, and Li₃N on the lithium anode surface, greatly enhancing the stability of the electrode-electrolyte interface. Consequently, the F-BN CSSE exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 0.11 mS cm⁻¹ at 30°C, high t_Li+ of 0.56, and large electrochemical window of 4.78 V, and demonstrates stable lithium plating/striping behavior with a voltage of 20 mV for 640 h, effectively mitigating the formation of lithium dendrites. When coupled with LiFePO₄, the as-assembled LiFePO₄|F-BN CSSE|Li solid-state battery achieves a high capacity of 142 mAh g⁻¹ with an impressive retention rate of 82.4% after 500 cycles at 5 C. Furthermore, even at an ultrahigh rate of 50 C, a capacity of 37 mAh g⁻¹ is achieved. This study provides a novel and reliable strategy for the design of advanced solid-state electrolytes for high-rate and long-life lithium metal batteries.