Interdisciplinary Materials最新文献

To foster sustainable development, a pivotal trend lies in harnessing sustainable energy supplies that propel modern economic and societal progress. Recent advancements in living materials for energy applications have sparked a groundbreaking research area: engineered living energy materials (ELEMs), which seamlessly integrate biological and artificial systems for efficient energy conversion and storage. To consolidate and propel this research area, herein, we summarize and delve into the evolution of ELEMs. Firstly, we provide an overview of the structural features and energy conversion mechanisms employed by bio-modules spanning proteins, organelles, and entire organisms. They can be directly used as components for constructing ELEMs or provide inspirations for the design of such entities. Then, we comprehensively review the latest research strides in ELEMs based on their distinct energy conversion modes. Finally, we discuss the challenges confronting ELEMs and envision their future trajectories. The progress of ELEMs holds immense potential to catalyze interdisciplinary research endeavors encompassing medicine, environmental science, and energy technologies.

The intricately complex structures of natural biological materials, which endow them with exceptional properties, serve as unparalleled models and sources of inspiration for the design of synthetic materials. However, translating these structures into metallic systems poses formidable challenges due to the demanding conditions required for metal processing. This brief perspective spotlights the 3D interpenetrating-phase structures evolved in biological materials and distills key insights for bioinspired structural design in metallic materials. We highlight recent advancements in creating bioinspired metal composites, particularly through advanced processing techniques like metal melt infiltration into porous scaffolds, achieving remarkable synergies between various mechanical properties and functionalities. Additionally, AI-driven approaches show immense potential to accelerate the iterative process of optimizing structures and properties in bioinspired designs.

Self-assembled inorganic halide perovskite superlattices (HPSLs) have attracted extensive attention for their well-ordered structure and unique collective photonic properties, which differ from those of individual nanocrystals (NCs). However, the manipulation of ordered HPSLs with all-halogen and alloyed halogen components, as well as the regulation of their coherent spontaneous emission across the visible spectrum, remains underexplored. In this study, we employ a combination of anion-exchange reactions and a slow solvent evaporation strategy to self-assemble monodisperse, uniform all inorganic perovskite NCs into a series of well-defined, long-range ordered, and densely packed CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I, and mixed halide systems such as Cl/Br, Br/I, and Cl/Br/I) superlattices, achieving coherent photoluminescence (PL) emission across the entire visible spectrum (400–700 nm). Notably, the collective coherent emission of all HPSLs exhibits dynamic redshifts and accelerated collective radiative decay due to strong electronic coupling between NCs at cryogenic temperatures (7 K). This study not only systematically investigates all-halide compositional HPSLs but also paves the way for quantum light source applications across the visible spectrum.

TiAl plays a crucial role in the field of aero-engine as a new lightweight high-temperature alloy. The γ/α₂ lamellar TiAl single crystals exhibit the highest recorded plasticity, much higher than the soft phase γ-TiAl. This suggests that the hard phase α₂-Ti₃Al may have a unique plastic deformation mechanism, which is important for essentially understanding the origin of unusual plasticity and further improving the mechanical properties of TiAl. Here, we found the dynamic sequential phase transformation between HCP and FCC under shear loading in α₂-Ti₃Al, which is a novel plastic deformation mechanism comparable to twinning. We attribute this to the bond-breaking formation process called “catching bond”, which is the origin of atomic mechanism of phase transformation occurrence. This “catching bond” process is an effective way of energy dissipation that can release the internal stress while maintaining the integrity of structure. The higher cleavage energy than the generalized stacking fault energy (GSFE) guarantees the continuity of phase transformation during shearing. Moreover, the γ/α₂ coherent interface can reduce the GSFE, thus decreasing the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) of the phase transformation by 35%, which suggests that the phase transformation induced plastic mechanism easily occurs in the lamellar structure. This study reveals the plastic deformation mechanism of α₂-Ti₃Al and explores the role of γ/α₂ coherent interface on the plasticity, which is expected to provide guidance for further improving the mechanical properties of TiAl alloys.

The advent of wearable electronics has generated considerable interest in the development of fiber-shaped supercapacitors (FSCs). FSCs have several applications, such as integration into wearable power fabrics for modular energy storage, coupling with specific devices, forming composite fibers, and combining with energy-harvesting fibers to develop integrated energy-harvesting and storage-usage fabrics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of FSCs based on their fundamental principles, detailing various structural configurations (e.g., parallel, wrapped, twisted, and coaxial) and substrate materials (e.g., carbon-based, polymeric, and metallic fibers), along with strategies for enhancing their electrochemical and mechanical performance. Furthermore, it outlines large-scale fabrication techniques, such as wet spinning, synchronous coupling, direct ink writing, and thermal drawing. This review identifies the challenges currently facing FSCs research and suggests directions for future development.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as highly promising materials for high-performance memristors due to their exceptional stability, molecular design flexibility, and tunable pore structures. However, the development of COF memristors faces persistent challenges stemming from the structural disorder and quality control of COF films, which hinder the effective regulation of active metal ion migration during resistive switching. Herein, we report the synthesis of high-quality, long-range ordered, imine-linked two-dimensional (2D) COF_TP-TD film via the innovative surface-initiated polymerization (SIP) strategy. The long-range ordered one-dimensional (1D) nanochannels within 2D COF_TP-TD film facilitate the stable and directed growth of conductive filaments (CFs), further enhanced by imine–CFs coordination effects. As a result, the fabricated memristor devices exhibit exceptional multilevel nonvolatile memory performance, achieving an ON/OFF ratio of up to 10⁶ and a retention time exceeding 2.0 × 10⁵ s, marking a significant breakthrough in porous organic polymer (POP) memristors. Furthermore, the memristors demonstrate high-precision waveform data recognition with an accuracy of 92.17%, comparable to software-based recognition systems, highlighting its potential in advanced signal processing tasks. This study establishes a robust foundation for the development of high-performance COF memristors and significantly broadens their application potential in neuromorphic computing.

Outside Back Cover: The article of doi:10.1002/idm2.12239 presents a novel microgroovebased continuous-spinning (MCS) strategy for fabricating polyelectrolyte nanocomposite fibers with exceptional mechanical strength. This approach leverages shear flow within a Y-shaped microgroove hydrogel to induce the extension and alignment of irregularly coiled polymer chains, which enhances the electrostatic interaction sites between the ordered chains, thereby significantly improving the mechanical properties of the fibers.

Outside Front Cover: The study reported in doi:10.1002/idm2.12233 examines recent progress in tactile sensing and machine learning for texture perception, focusing on sensor design principles, touch- and sliding-based approaches, and associated machine learning algorithms. This image illustrates that the robots can recognize object textures through touch/sliding sensors and improve manipulation dexterity, critical for applications in healthcare, education, and space exploration. The work also discusses challenges and future opportunities, aiming to advance tactile perception in humanoid robotics.

Functionalities of materials tightly relate to the atomic and electronic structures, the coupling between which through lattice and charge gives birth to thermoelectricity, enabling a direct heat-electricity conversion. Booming wearable electronics nowadays urgently demand thermoelectric film generators as self-powered units using body and environment heats, of which highly recoverable deformability and power are the core challenges. This indicates the great importance of elasticity since a plastic deformation otherwise actuates lattice slips to unsecure both thermoelectricity and recoverability. It is illustrated in this work texturization and dislocations for enhancing elasticity in cold-rolled constantan foils, a metal thermoelectric enabling one of the highest power outputs near room temperature for deformable wearables. The device can work in a purely elastic region, to secure orders of magnitude improvement in recoverable bendability with an extraordinary specific power density, at a bending radius down to 5 mm fitting the curvature of an adult's little finger. This work delivers a strategy for bringing robust deformability to thermoelectricity for powering wearable electronics.

Advanced nanofibrous materials with excellent performance and functional integration is highly desired for developing emerging wearable electronics. In this work, carbon quantum dots/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (CDs/PVDF) based composite nanofibrous material is proposed and acts as a highly negative material to boost output performance for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The nanometer-sized and surface-functionalized CDs acting as nucleating inducers facilitate the polarized β-phase transition of PVDF polymer. The more negative surface charge density of CDs/PVDF nanofibrous membrane is generated through the polarized β-phase PVDF, thereby leading to a larger electrostatic potential difference to enhance charge transfer. Besides the decreased beaded defects, more uniform morphology fibers are yielded to improve the effective contact surface area. Moreover, the CDs/PVDF composite nanofibers demonstrate the unique multicolor fluorescence effect enabling promising applications in visualized displays and sensing. Finally, the fabricated TENG features a short-circuit current density of ~61.8 mA/m² and a maximum peak power density of ~11.7 W/m², exceeding that of most state-of-the-art nanofiber-based TENG reported to date. As a demonstration of application potential, this TENG shows the energy-harvesting ability to charge capacitors and light up 125 green LEDs and self-powered sensing capability for human motion monitoring. This work provides insights for exploiting novel tribomaterials for high-output TENGs with promising potential in biomechanical energy harvesting, self-powered sensing, and so forth.