ITBM-RBM最新文献

The last technological advances of multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) have brought significant improvements in image quality and consequently diagnostic performance. It opens, in particular, new perspectives for the coronary artery disease assessment. This paper presents a method for the coronary artery extraction and the lesion quantification. It makes use of a two stage-process. A tracking algorithm of the vascular structure, based on a 3D geometric moment operator, is first applied to estimate the vessel central axis location and its local diameter. It led to the extraction of the overall coronary tree. A deformable model technique, using a modified version of 3D level set technique, is then run on pathological vascular segments to refine the delineation of the wall and parietal calcifications. Parameters such as the narrowing or enlargement ratio of the vascular lumen, the minimum/maximum areas and the percent-area stenosis or aneurysm, are then computed for diagnosis purpose. The first method was submitted to a clinical evaluation on six data sets that showed good sensitivity and specificity performances. The second one was validated by experts, through a visual inspection of 2D cross-sections and volume rendering.

A new approach to compute Z-score and Student's test in functional MRI has been developed. This approach tends to involve standard Z-score and Student's test computation. This approach is based on the delay of the maximum of the response compared to the stimulation introduced by many authors. The results obtained prove the efficiency of the method; which can be easily adapted in a clinical context.

Deep brain stimulation, DBS, is an accepted technique for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. DBS affects the electrical functions of neurons, but exactly how it alters those functions is not clearly explained. An electrical model is determined to simulate treatment with DBS of the sub thalamic nucleus. This model shows the difference in electrical fields between the inside and the outside the neurons. The generated electrical field near the electrodes is high enough to perform an electropermeabilization of the cell membranes, which most likely blockade normal nerve pulses or reduce the nerve impulse speed. Further away from the electrodes activation of large axons is performed.

Rennes CITH has a double objective innovative and evaluative functions of health technologies. More specifically, multivariate monitoring system and active prosthesis allowing the exploration, the evaluation and the treatment of the cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory functions. This paper describes briefly its origin, the partnerships and some technological activities developed since 2001.

The purposes of the french Technological Innovation Centres (TIC) are to foster medical research by technology transfer, to offer companies a high level technological hospital environment, and to facilitate the creation of start-up companies in technologically innovative fields. After having described why the environment of Grenoble is particularly well suited to the emergence of a TIC in the domain of biomedical engineering and especially of Modelling, Robotics and Domotics, this article reports the tripartite collaboration that is focused on information and that is necessary for the realization of these aims. The contributions of such a structure to the valorisation in the technological innovation field applied to the Health domain are shown by a synthesis of the first results of the Grenoble TIC.

The Innovation Technological Center for Ultrasound in Health (CITH) from Tours Hospital was created in 2000 for the development, the validation and implementation of ultrasound methods before marketing or daily use of these new possibilities. The availability of medical capabilities, clinical research opportunities and engineering on the same site is of value for manufacturers to meet expert people in the area of ultrasound. CITH was involved in many projects such contrast agents, high frequency imaging for human disease (eye and skin) and small animal imaging, detection of fetal movements, and relationship with mother's activity or fetal well being, tissular elasticity, detection of small particles in circulating blood and imaging of bronchial wall. CITH was the starter of new developments as well as the coordinator of a complete strategy in medical area which associates fundamental research, preclinical evaluation and clinical applications with convergent orientations and sharing experience for a better evaluation of new ultrasound methods in medical area.