Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Impact of patient-physician communication on cervical cancer screening among women aged 25–65","authors":"Ogochukwu Juliet Ezeigwe ,&nbsp;Samuel Tundealao ,&nbsp;Ogochukwu Ruth Abasilim ,&nbsp;Olajumoke Ope Oladoyin ,&nbsp;Manali Desai ,&nbsp;Devesh Malgave ,&nbsp;Lekan Ajijola ,&nbsp;Xianglin L. Du","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Effective patient-physician communication is essential for the uptake of preventive services. This study examined the association between patient-physician communication index and being up-to-date with cervical cancer screening.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The analysis used self-reported data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5, Cycle 4 (2020), and Cycle 6 (2022). The outcome variable was “Up-to-date with cervical cancer Screening.” Logistic regression and Cronbach’s Alpha were used to measure the association and internal consistency between communication items.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 3207 women aged 25–65 were included in the analysis, 2415 (77.5 %) were up-to-date with screenings, with 50.9 % having a patient-physician communication index of 17 or higher. In model 0, participants with a patient-physician communication index of ≥ 17 had 1.57 times higher odds (95 % CI: 1.23–2.00) of being up-to-date with their screening. In model 1, the individual communication items were not significantly associated with screening. In model 2, a patient-physician communication index of 17 or higher was associated with screening (aOR:1.62, 95 % CI: 1.20–2.19). Having health insurance (aOR:1.87, 95 % CI: 1.11–3.17) was significantly associated with screening. Non-Hispanic Blacks (aOR:1.77, 95 % CI: 1.10–2.85) and Hispanics (aOR:1.64, 95 % CI: 1.02–2.64) had higher odds of screening than non-Hispanic Whites.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study found a significant relationship between a high patient-physician communication index and cervical cancer screening. The study findings highlight the critical role of effective patient-physician communication in improving adherence to cervical screening recommendations across the U.S.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdisciplinary cross-sectoral strategies to mitigate health workforce migration in Africa","authors":"Gabriel Oke","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Africa is grappling with a severe healthcare workforce shortage, with only 1.55 health workers per 1000 people, far below the WHO’s recommended threshold of 4.45. This deficit is exacerbated by the migration of healthcare professionals to developed countries. This study conducts a comprehensive review to identify practical solutions to mitigate healthcare workforce migration in Africa. A targeted literature review methodology was employed, utilizing databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Ovid, and WHO repositories from 2014 to 2024. Supplementary searches were performed using Google, incorporating grey literature, reports from governmental and international organizations, and media articles. A total of 45 sources were included, consisting of 36 peer-reviewed articles and 15 pieces of grey literature, including blogs, news articles, and reports. The review identified 13 key solutions from peer-reviewed sources and 11 additional solutions from grey literature, which were analyzed and categorized into thematic areas. Key solutions highlighted by the review include enhancing professional training and career development opportunities, offering financial incentives, improving working conditions, and fostering international collaboration. Specific strategies include addressing wage disparities, providing mentorship, creating competitive postgraduate training programs, and improving workplace environments. These factors are critical to retaining healthcare professionals within African countries and ensuring their sustained engagement in the local healthcare systems. Results indicate that while salary increases were frequently suggested, a multifaceted approach is essential for addressing healthcare migration. Improvements in working conditions, career development, and the establishment of robust mentorship programs were emphasized as more sustainable solutions. In particular, the study highlighted the importance of comprehensive strategies that go beyond financial incentives, as merely increasing salaries may not adequately address the structural issues driving migration. The findings suggest that combating healthcare migration in Africa requires coordinated efforts across multiple sectors, including government, health administration, and international organizations. A holistic approach, focusing on strengthening local healthcare systems, improving professional opportunities, and creating supportive working environments, is crucial for mitigating brain drain and improving healthcare delivery on the continent. The review underscores the need for sustained policy interventions, with a focus on both retention and attraction of healthcare professionals within Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skull reconstruction with titanium mesh following burr hole craniotomy for chronic subdural hematoma","authors":"Imad Talahma ,&nbsp;Yazan Abudeyak ,&nbsp;Mahmoud N. Khadra ,&nbsp;Hamza A. Abdul-Hafez ,&nbsp;Yousef S. Abuzneid","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes a 58-year-old male who presented with severe headache two months after head trauma, with imaging confirming a left-sided chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). He underwent Burr hole craniotomy for hematoma evacuation, followed by skull reconstruction using a titanium mesh implant. Postoperative recovery was smooth, with no neurological symptoms or complications, and follow-up imaging showed no residual hematoma. Titanium mesh allowed for effective skull reconstruction, eliminating risks of cosmetic deformities like scalp depression and potentially reducing infection and other post-surgical complications. Our findings highlight titanium mesh as a valuable option in neurosurgery for cSDH, providing both functional and cosmetic benefits. While complications with titanium implants have been noted in some cases, our patient’s recovery was uneventful. This case highlights titanium mesh’s use and supports further exploration of materials to enhance outcomes in surgical management of cSDH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of an oncology database in planning melanoma prevention programs","authors":"Gabriella Szörényiné Ványi ,&nbsp;Annamária Szigeti ,&nbsp;János G. Pitter ,&nbsp;Zita Battyáni ,&nbsp;Imre Repa","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early detection and early treatment are key to melanoma survival. To organise prevention programs, we need to know the detailed datas of melanoma. Our objective was to assess and understand the epidemiological data of melanoma patients treated at our institution. We investigate whether the available database is suitable for more detailed epidemiological and morphological data analysis; and whether the results can contribute to the design of programs for melanoma prevention and detection. In our study, we retrospectively analyzed data from 636 melanoma patients treated at the Moritz Kaposi General Hospital, based on a unique clinical oncology patient pathway management system (Onkonetwork) database. We analyzed the distribution by sex and age, the subtype of melanoma, localization, tumor thickness, stage, risks, and detection mode. Our results showed that most melanoma cases occurred in women under 40 years and in men aged 60–79 years. There was an increase in the incidence of thin melanomas and a relatively stable incidence of thick melanomas. The study confirmed that the Onkonetwork system serves as a valuable database to support the identification of prevention sites where improvements in early detection, prevention and early treatment of melanoma are needed, tailored to the specific geographical location.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking among females in Bangladesh: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Tonmoy Alam Shuvo ,&nbsp;Kabir Hossain ,&nbsp;Sorif Hossain ,&nbsp;Asma-Ul-Hosna ,&nbsp;Dipu Rani Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Female smoking in Bangladesh is a growing public health concern, though the overall prevalence remains lower compared to men. Cultural norms and social stigma surrounding women’s smoking habits have traditionally kept the rates relatively low. However, the influence of urbanization, changing lifestyles, and increased access to tobacco products may be contributing to a rise in female smoking rates. A comprehensive search across multiple databases identified 25 studies for the meta-analysis. The I² statistic and Q-tests were used to assess heterogeneity. A random-effects model and subgroup analyses were conducted. Egger's test and funnel plots were utilized to evaluate potential publication bias. Meta-regression analysis was performed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the meta-analysis. All analyses were performed using STATA 17. The results showed that women's pooled smoking prevalence was 5.50 % (95 % CI: 3.19–7.81) based on 25 selected studies (n = 71,824). The pooled prevalence was 4.90 % (95 % CI: 1.18–8.62) from 2001–2008, dropped to 3.11 % (95 % CI: 1.09–5.12) in 2009–2016, and then rose to 6.28 % (95 % CI: 1.67–10.89) in 2017–2024. Among age groups, the prevalence stood at 6.39 % for those aged ≥ 15 and slightly decreased to 5.36 % for those ≥ 18. For students, the pooled prevalence was 7.61 %. Public health interventions should emphasize smoking cessation programs, with a particular focus on implementing prevention strategies targeted at younger women. Community outreach and awareness efforts will further promote smoking reduction across all age groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can toothbrushing frequency impact the risk of diabetes mellitus?","authors":"Daniel Felipe Fernandes Paiva,&nbsp;Andressa de Oliveira Rocha,&nbsp;Ana Julia Puppin de Campos Toledo,&nbsp;Liana Andrade Veríssimo Araujo,&nbsp;Marcelo de Castro Meneghin","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By 2015, an estimated 570 million people will be affected by diabetes mellitus (DM), positioning it as one of the most prevalent global diseases and reaffirming the urgent need for effective control measures. DM ranks among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with its impact particularly severe in elderly populations and low- and middle-income countries. It is closely linked to the progression of comorbidities and systemic complications, including vascular, cardiac, renal, neurological, and ophthalmic problems, with a projected global financial burden of $673 billion annually over the coming decades. An underexplored yet significant approach to DM management is its relationship with oral health, which includes conditions such as exacerbated xerostomia, periodontitis, fungal infections, and an increased risk of cancer. The link between oral health and glycemic control is particularly evident in patients with periodontitis, who exhibit elevated inflammatory mediators that complicate diabetes management. Furthermore, inadequate oral hygiene habits worsen periodontal disease and are recognized as risk factors for DM. This association also contributes to increased pain, tooth loss, and diminished quality of life, further accelerating the development of comorbidities such as retinopathy and nephropathy. Promoting proper oral hygiene, particularly toothbrushing, as a preventive measure for periodontitis could play a pivotal role in controlling and preventing DM. Understanding the impact of these simple yet effective measures on the epidemiology of DM is essential. This communication highlights the importance of fostering public health policies and integrating dentists into multidisciplinary healthcare teams to improve systemic health outcomes and reduce long-term healthcare costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality trends related to postoperative respiratory disorders in the United States, 1999–2020","authors":"Muzamil Akhtar ,&nbsp;Danish Ali Ashraf ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar Liaqat ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saad Ullah ,&nbsp;Mehmood Akhtar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Salman Nadeem ,&nbsp;Shehar Bano","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite being a critical area of concern, mortality trends for postoperative respiratory disorders in the United States remain underexplored. This study analyzes nationwide trends and regional disparities in deaths related to these disorders using CDC WONDER mortality data from 1999 to 2020, categorized under ICD-10 code J95. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 were calculated, and trends were analyzed across demographics, regions, urbanization levels, places of death, and states. Annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were computed using Joinpoint regression. From 1999–2020, 45,828 deaths related to postoperative respiratory disorders were recorded, with AAMR declining from 1.06 in 1999–0.33 in 2020 (AAPC: −5.55 %; 95 % CI: −5.96 to −4.98). Males had higher AAMR (0.8) than females (0.5). Non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks reported the highest AAMR (0.75), followed by NH Whites (0.63), Hispanics (0.45), and NH Asians (0.37). Nonmetropolitan areas had higher AAMR (0.75) compared to small (0.68) and medium metropolitan areas (0.64). Regionally, the Midwest had the highest AAMR (0.67). State-level disparities were notable, ranging from 0.26 in Massachusetts to 0.98 in New Mexico. Despite a significant decline in mortality, likely driven by advancements in management and technology, persistent disparities highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions to address underlying inequities in healthcare access and outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacovigilance, cosmetovigilance, hemovigilance, and materiovigilance in healthcare domains","authors":"Sachdev Yadav ,&nbsp;Mansi Sinha ,&nbsp;Kanishka Taradia ,&nbsp;Anuj Kumar Sharma ,&nbsp;Mayank Kulshreshtha","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This commentary provides a comprehensive examination of four critical surveillance systems: pharmacovigilance, cosmetovigilance, hemovigilance, and Materiovigilance. It examines the surveillance systems used in each sector to ensure the safety of medicines, cosmetics, medical equipment, and blood products. The research emphasizes the significance of attentive monitoring to guarantee public health and safety, focusing on the distinct problems and regulatory frameworks connected with each vigilance sector. The synthesis of this comparative study helps to a thorough knowledge of the numerous tactics used to preserve health across different product categories. Pharmacovigilance is a crucial component of healthcare that focuses on monitoring and assessing the safety of pharmaceutical products. The evolving context of drug safety surveillance, regulatory frameworks, and the implementation of technology into pharmacovigilance methods are also discussed. Additionally, this commentary discusses the collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals, regulatory agencies, and pharmaceutical industries to ensure the ongoing safety of medications and improve patient outcomes. The other three essential components of healthcare safety- Hemovigilance, Cosmetovigilance, and Materiovigilance. Hemovigilance focuses on monitoring and ensuring the safety of blood and blood product transfusions. Cosmetovigilance involves the surveillance of adverse events related to cosmetic products, emphasizing consumer safety. Materiovigilance addresses the monitoring and management of incidents associated with medical devices, emphasizing their safety and performances. The outcome of this comparative commentary highlights both shared and different issues across various vigilance systems. Underreporting, data integration, and the need for strong regulatory frameworks are typical problems. The analysis offers a comprehensive picture of the vigilant environment by combining information from these four domains, encouraging a multidisciplinary approach to improving consumer product and healthcare safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomegalovirus and pneumocystis jirovecii co-infection pneumonia as an initial presentation of HIV infection","authors":"Sharare Noruzi ,&nbsp;Sobhan Mehdipourrabori ,&nbsp;Zeynab Yassin","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has been reported that patients with an immunocompromised status, particularly HIV-infected individuals, are at risk of opportunistic infections. We present the case of a CMV and PJ co-infection in a 41-year-old man with pneumonia who had never been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. This report highlights CMV/PJ causing pneumonia as an initial manifestation of HIV infection. It underscores that such pulmonary co-infection should be part of the routine investigation of acute respiratory complications in newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons whose clinical manifestations do not resolve in response to treatment of common respiratory bacterial and viral infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sample size for saturation in qualitative research: Debates, definitions, and strategies","authors":"Sirwan Khalid Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data saturation is a cornerstone concept in qualitative research, ensuring that data collection ceases once no new themes, insights, or patterns emerge. This concept is critical for achieving methodological rigor, as saturation enhances the credibility and completeness of research findings. Despite its central role, debates persist regarding the point at which saturation is achieved, especially as it varies across qualitative methodologies such as grounded theory, phenomenology, and ethnography. Contemporary scholars argue for a flexible approach to sample sizes and saturation criteria, balancing comprehensive data gathering with respect for emerging themes and contextual sensitivity. This article explores the theoretical foundations, practical applications, and controversies surrounding data saturation. Additionally, it offers recommendations for researchers on determining sample sizes and 16-ietms checklist for achieving saturation, aiming to improve research quality while addressing the methodological challenges inherent in qualitative research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}