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Weak effects of a soil contrast on Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) transplant survival in a northern Great Basin case study suggest importance of microsite selection and non-soil factors 在一项大盆地北部案例研究中,土壤对比对怀俄明大沙棘(Artemisia tridentata ssp.
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2023.12.003
Stella M. Copeland

  • Transplanting the keystone shrub Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush) post fire is a common management practice in the Great Basin due to the species high fire mortality rates and episodic natural recovery.

  • Soil characteristics play a major role in big sagebrush transplant survival among many other influential abiotic and biotic factors.

  • In our case study, a soil contrast between a sandy loam and rocky clay soil had minor impact on mortality rates, likely due to microsite soil selection within the rocky clay soil complex, which ameliorated the expected negative effects.

  • A considerable proportion of mortality in both soil types occurred post planting (within 1 month) or was associated with suspected herbivory. Higher mortality was slightly associated with higher cover of nearby herbaceous plants, suggesting competition for resources.

  • Selecting planting sites based on soil factors within larger landscapes, as well as avoiding areas of high competing cover, could increase survival in marginal sites. However, low initial survival and/or herbivory with planting can have large impacts on overall outcomes.

-在大盆地,火灾后移植关键灌木三叉蒿(大沙棘灌木)是一种常见的管理方法,原因是该物种火灾死亡率高,且具有偶发性自然恢复的特点。-在我们的案例研究中,沙质壤土和岩质粘土之间的土壤对比对死亡率的影响较小,这可能是由于岩质粘土复合体中的微地土壤选择改善了预期的负面影响。较高的死亡率与附近较高的草本植物覆盖率略有关联,这表明存在资源竞争。然而,种植初期的低存活率和/或草食性植物会对总体结果产生很大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Testing the efficacy and durability of modifying fence posts to provide raptor perches 测试改造栅栏柱以提供猛禽栖息地的有效性和耐用性
Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2023.12.002
Sara M. Kross , Scott Hardage , T. Rodd Kelsey , Renata Chapman , Alejandra Martinez , Andrea Craig

  • Artificial raptor perches can provide hunting and resting locations for birds of prey in rangelands, providing a benefit for biodiversity and vertebrate pest control for ranchers.

  • Perches can be attached to existing fenceposts in rangelands with rocky soils.

  • Common raptor species in our study area frequented the perches, especially American kestrels, great-horned owls, barn owls, red-tailed hawks, and turkey vultures. These species are likely to provide ecosystem services to ranchers through pest-control and sanitation.

  • Raptors more often used perches in irrigated pastures or in areas with a slope more than perches in unirrigated pasture and within oak woodland. Perch use may be higher in areas with higher prey availability, favorable updrafts for flight, and fewer nearby natural perches.

  • We do not recommend placing perches on unsteady fence lines in areas with high cattle activity because we documented cattle investigating the perches and this could lead to perches being knocked over.

-人工猛禽栖架可为牧场中的猛禽提供狩猎和休息场所,为生物多样性和牧场主的脊椎动物害虫控制带来益处。-栖架可固定在土壤多石的牧场中现有的栅栏柱上。与未灌溉牧场和橡树林内的栖息地相比,猛禽更经常使用灌溉牧场或有坡度地区的栖息地。我们不建议在牛群活动频繁的地区将栖木放置在不稳定的围栏线上,因为我们发现牛群在调查栖木,这可能会导致栖木被撞倒。
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引用次数: 0
The Stream Guide: A case study of how to teach complex environmental topics to agency personnel and land managers 溪流指南》:如何向机构人员和土地管理者传授复杂环境主题的案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2023.12.001
Krista A. Ehlert , Mitch Faulkner , Lori Brown , Corissa Busse , Kristen Blann , Christian Lenhart

  • Multipartner publications are often not used due to insufficient dissemination.

  • Incorporating partners into existing Extension programs provides scaffolding to communicate complex scientific concepts to a lay audience, such as land managers or agency personnel.

  • Participation, experiential learning, and creating a community of like-minded individuals is valuable in teaching new concepts to an audience, thereby resulting in a change in knowledge.

-将合作伙伴纳入现有的推广计划,为向土地管理者或机构人员等非专业受众传播复杂的科学概念提供了支架。参与、体验式学习以及创建一个由志同道合者组成的社区,对于向受众传授新概念,从而实现知识变革非常有价值。
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引用次数: 0
Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2024.03.001
Matthew J. Germino
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引用次数: 0
Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2024.02.001
Derek Tilley
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引用次数: 0
Principles for successful livestock grazing management on western US rangelands 美国西部牧场放牧管理的成功原则
Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2023.11.001
Kevin E. Jablonski , Justin D. Derner , Derek W. Bailey , Kirk W. Davies , Paul J. Meiman , Leslie M. Roche , Eric T. Thacker , Lance T. Vermeire , Kim R. Stackhouse-Lawson

  • In recent decades rangeland science has moved from a “command and control” framework to one that values heterogeneity, recognizes rangelands as social-ecological systems, and seeks to integrate complexity.

  • This new framework recognizes management as fundamentally site-specific, but rangeland science has not provided clear principles for successful livestock grazing management for use by producers and other stakeholders. This reticence has created a void often filled by prescriptive solutions that contradict our best understanding of rangeland systems.

  • We engaged hundreds of livestock grazing management experts in an iterative conversation to distill a set of evidence-based, adaptable principles for successful livestock grazing management in the semiarid and arid rangelands of the western United States.

  • The seven principles are: Practice adaptive management; Optimize stocking rate; Use a grazing plan; Prioritize ecological health; Evaluate distribution; Welfare begets performance; and Think beyond the range. The full versions of these principles contain paragraph length descriptions highlighting key considerations for each.

  • We envision these principles as a first draft to be improved with discussion and additional research. Further development can include definitions, suggested applications, and checklists for assessment for use in teaching, extension, and industry evaluation efforts.

-近几十年来,牧场科学已从 "命令与控制 "框架转变为重视异质性、承认牧场是社会生态系统并寻求整合复杂性的框架。我们邀请了数百名畜牧管理专家参与迭代对话,以提炼出一套以证据为基础、适应性强的原则,用于在美国西部半干旱和干旱牧场进行成功的畜牧管理:这七项原则是:实行适应性管理;优化放牧率;使用放牧计划;优先考虑生态健康;评估分布情况;福利产生绩效;以及超越牧场的思维。这些原则的完整版本包含段落长度的描述,强调了每项原则的关键考虑因素。进一步的发展可以包括定义、应用建议和评估清单,以用于教学、推广和行业评估工作。
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引用次数: 0
Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2024.01.001
Matt Germino
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引用次数: 0
Transforming ranching: Precision livestock management in the Internet of Things era 牧场变革:物联网时代的牲畜精准管理
Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2023.10.002
Shelemia Nyamuryekung'e

  • Precision livestock management through sensor technology using the Internet of Things offers enhanced surveillance and monitoring of the ranching operations.

  • At the ranch scale, the integration of sensor technology, including on-animal sensors, environmental monitoring equipment, and remote sensing can shift livestock operations from a solely reactive, traditional, knowledge-based approach toward a proactive, data-driven, decision-making process.

  • Leveraging data from sensors at the ranch scale can address logistical challenges and create efficiency in decision-making processes concerning resource management.

-在牧场范围内,传感器技术(包括动物身上的传感器、环境监测设备和遥感技术)的集成可以将畜牧业从单纯的被动、传统的、基于知识的方法转变为主动的、数据驱动的决策过程。
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引用次数: 0
Rangeland pitting for revegetation and annual weed control 重新植被和控制一年生杂草的牧场坑穴
Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2023.11.002
Danielle Bilyeu Johnston Habitat Researcher , Rebecca K. Mann Biologist

  • Soil pitting is an ancient technique for concentrating soil moisture to enable plant establishment and promote plant growth. It is especially effective in arid areas where plant establishment is limited by water availability.

  • Pits created by digging and mounding action have been shown to be effective. Small pits made by soil compression are not very durable. Larger pits last longer and store more moisture.

  • In mesic areas or years with above-average soil moisture, pitting may not be needed for plant establishment, and better results may be obtained by drill seeding.

  • Pitting can help control some non-native annual plants by hindering their seed dispersal and concentrating their seeds within pits. This increases intraspecific competition and limits seed production. The pitting technique has been demonstrated in several studies as an effective control tactic for cheatgrass.

  • Pitting is a strategy that may become more important as climates become hotter and more variable, as it allows soils to stay wetter for longer periods of time.

  • Many custom-built machines have been developed to create soil pits efficiently. Commercially available machines are less common. Currently, pitters that dig and mound soil and are suitable for rangelands are not commercially available in North America.

-挖坑是一项古老的技术,用于集中土壤水分,使植物能够生长并促进植物生长。它在干旱地区尤其有效,因为这些地区的植物生长受到水源的限制。土壤压缩产生的小坑不太耐用。在湿度适中的地区或土壤湿度高于平均水平的年份,可能不需要挖坑来种植植物,而通过耧车播种可能会取得更好的效果。挖坑可以阻碍一些非本地一年生植物的种子传播,并将其种子集中在坑内,从而有助于控制这些植物。点播可以阻碍一些非本地一年生植物的种子散播,并将其种子集中在坑内,从而增加种内竞争,限制种子产量。坑播技术已在多项研究中被证明是一种有效的防控骗草的策略。-随着气候变得更加炎热和多变,坑播策略可能会变得更加重要,因为它可以让土壤在更长的时间内保持湿润。许多定制机器都能高效地挖出土坑。目前,北美市场上还没有适用于牧场的挖坑机。
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引用次数: 0
Pastoralists’ perceptions on the future of cattle farming amidst rangeland degradation: A case study from Namibia's semiarid communal areas 牧民对牧场退化中养牛业未来的看法:纳米比亚半干旱公社地区的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.rala.2023.10.001
Hleni T.N. Heita , Gunnar Dressler , Diego A. Menestrey Schwieger , Meed Mbidzo

  • The perceptions of Namibian pastoralists on the future of livestock farming amidst land degradation have not been explored.

  • We address this gap by following a case study approach, involving semistructured interviews with Ovaherero pastoralists in the Okakarara Constituency, located in the eastern part of Namibia.

  • Pastoralists foresee multiple social-ecological challenges for the future of livestock production in their area.

  • They plan to employ various strategies to address and overcome the challenges, for instance, engaging more intensively in crop farming and conduct de-bushing.

  • Interventions such as training to effectively engage in crop farming, implementation of government-approved de-bushing plans, and introduction of low-cost water technologies for crop irrigation are needed.

-我们采用个案研究的方法,对纳米比亚东部奥卡卡拉选区的奥瓦赫里罗(Ovaherero)牧民进行了半结构式访谈,从而填补了这一空白。-他们计划采用各种策略来应对和克服这些挑战,例如,更密集地从事作物种植和进行去破碎化。需要采取一些干预措施,如培训如何有效地从事作物种植、实施政府批准的去破碎化计划以及引进低成本的作物灌溉用水技术。
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引用次数: 0
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Rangelands
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