Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.69
NIDHOIM ASSOUMANI, MARYAM EL MAROUANI, LAHCEN EL HAMDAOUI, LӐSZLO TRIF, FATIMA KIFANI-SAHBAN
Lignin is known to have great potential for use as a renewable feedstock in a variety of industrial applications, including energy and chemicals. Furthermore, to ensure an efficient valorization of lignin, the efficiency of the isolation procedure and the knowledge of its properties are crucial. In the present study, we extracted lignin from date seeds using the Klason method. The extracted lignin was characterized by FT-IR spectrometry, XRD and SEM-EDX analysis. The thermal behavior of date seeds lignin has been investigated using TGA and DSC. Several isoconversional and model-fitting methods were employed to derive the kinetic parameters. A comparison between these procedures was carried out. Based on the results of activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) determined using Kissinger’s equation for date seeds lignin decomposition, some thermodynamic parameters (ΔS#, ΔH# and ΔG#) were determined. Following a broad endothermic stage, a large exothermic peak was observed in the DSC plots, attesting to the overall exothermicity of the lignin pyrolysis. From the derivative curve of DSC plots, the glass transition temperature Tg of the studied lignin was determined. High values of Tg, ranging from 102.62 to 127.28 °C, significantly affected by the heating rate, were found.
{"title":"EXTRACTION, CHARACTERIZATION AND KINETICS OF THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF LIGNIN FROM DATE SEEDS USING MODEL-FREE AND FITTING APPROACHES","authors":"NIDHOIM ASSOUMANI, MARYAM EL MAROUANI, LAHCEN EL HAMDAOUI, LӐSZLO TRIF, FATIMA KIFANI-SAHBAN","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.69","url":null,"abstract":"Lignin is known to have great potential for use as a renewable feedstock in a variety of industrial applications, including energy and chemicals. Furthermore, to ensure an efficient valorization of lignin, the efficiency of the isolation procedure and the knowledge of its properties are crucial. In the present study, we extracted lignin from date seeds using the Klason method. The extracted lignin was characterized by FT-IR spectrometry, XRD and SEM-EDX analysis. The thermal behavior of date seeds lignin has been investigated using TGA and DSC. Several isoconversional and model-fitting methods were employed to derive the kinetic parameters. A comparison between these procedures was carried out. Based on the results of activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) determined using Kissinger’s equation for date seeds lignin decomposition, some thermodynamic parameters (ΔS#, ΔH# and ΔG#) were determined. Following a broad endothermic stage, a large exothermic peak was observed in the DSC plots, attesting to the overall exothermicity of the lignin pyrolysis. From the derivative curve of DSC plots, the glass transition temperature Tg of the studied lignin was determined. High values of Tg, ranging from 102.62 to 127.28 °C, significantly affected by the heating rate, were found.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.65
RUAN EZEQUIEL GEMMER, CLEIDE BORSOI, BETINA HANSEN, EDSON LUIZ FRANCISQUETTI, HEITOR LUIZ ORNAGHI JR., ADEMIR JOSÉ ZATTERA, ANDRÉ LUIS CATTO
This study aims to evaluate different process conditions for obtaining cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from yerba mate residues. This includes chemical (bleaching and/or TEMPO-oxidation), physical (steam explosion), and mechanical treatments (ultrafine grinding). All treatments demonstrated to be efficient in obtaining CNFs, as observed from a morphological analysis by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). A reduction of hemicelluloses and an increase in cellulose content was observed from the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results, after all the treatments. The yerba mate sample that underwent physical/chemical/mechanical treatments showed a higher thermal degradation temperature peak at 333 °C, with a degradation of 50% of the initial mass. The activation energy (Ea) increased from 33% to 64%, when the CNFs were obtained using the derivative Friedman method for all the samples, and this method presented a greater proximity to the experimental results. These results demonstrate that CNFs can be obtained from yerba mate residues, to valorize this lignocellulosic biomass.
{"title":"CELLULOSE NANOFIBER FROM YERBA MATE STICKS: SURVEY OF MORPHOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES","authors":"RUAN EZEQUIEL GEMMER, CLEIDE BORSOI, BETINA HANSEN, EDSON LUIZ FRANCISQUETTI, HEITOR LUIZ ORNAGHI JR., ADEMIR JOSÉ ZATTERA, ANDRÉ LUIS CATTO","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.65","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate different process conditions for obtaining cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from yerba mate residues. This includes chemical (bleaching and/or TEMPO-oxidation), physical (steam explosion), and mechanical treatments (ultrafine grinding). All treatments demonstrated to be efficient in obtaining CNFs, as observed from a morphological analysis by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). A reduction of hemicelluloses and an increase in cellulose content was observed from the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results, after all the treatments. The yerba mate sample that underwent physical/chemical/mechanical treatments showed a higher thermal degradation temperature peak at 333 °C, with a degradation of 50% of the initial mass. The activation energy (Ea) increased from 33% to 64%, when the CNFs were obtained using the derivative Friedman method for all the samples, and this method presented a greater proximity to the experimental results. These results demonstrate that CNFs can be obtained from yerba mate residues, to valorize this lignocellulosic biomass.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.77
MONA VERMA, DIVYA DOGRA, SAROJ YADAV, J. P. SINGH
Natural dyes are eco-friendly, skin-friendly, have pleasing colours and other beneficial characteristics, such as UV protection property. In the present work, different natural dyes (onion skin, henna leaves, curry leaves, neem leaves and turmeric), along with a number of mordants (myrobalan, alum, ferrous sulphate and ferrous sulhate-myrobalan), were used to study their effects on colour strength and the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) values of treated dyed cotton fabric. It was found that the highest colour strength (K/S) was achieved on ferrous sulphate-myrobalan treated turmeric dyed cotton fabric (75.45), followed by the samples dyed with onion skin (48.24), henna leaves (37.40), neem leaves (28.61) and curry leaves (25.96). The highest UPF value was found for ferrous sulphate-myrobalan pretreated curry leaves dyed cotton fabric (27.69), which indicated very good protection, whereas the ferrous sulphate-myrobalan pretreated onion skin dyed cotton fabric showed good protection (23.39), followed by those dyed with henna leaves (21.79), turmeric (19.48), and neem leaves (16.43).
{"title":"EFFECT OF NATURAL DYES AND DIFFERENT MORDANT TREATMENTS ON ULTRA-VIOLET PROTECTION PROPERTY OF COTTON FABRIC","authors":"MONA VERMA, DIVYA DOGRA, SAROJ YADAV, J. P. SINGH","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.77","url":null,"abstract":"Natural dyes are eco-friendly, skin-friendly, have pleasing colours and other beneficial characteristics, such as UV protection property. In the present work, different natural dyes (onion skin, henna leaves, curry leaves, neem leaves and turmeric), along with a number of mordants (myrobalan, alum, ferrous sulphate and ferrous sulhate-myrobalan), were used to study their effects on colour strength and the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) values of treated dyed cotton fabric. It was found that the highest colour strength (K/S) was achieved on ferrous sulphate-myrobalan treated turmeric dyed cotton fabric (75.45), followed by the samples dyed with onion skin (48.24), henna leaves (37.40), neem leaves (28.61) and curry leaves (25.96). The highest UPF value was found for ferrous sulphate-myrobalan pretreated curry leaves dyed cotton fabric (27.69), which indicated very good protection, whereas the ferrous sulphate-myrobalan pretreated onion skin dyed cotton fabric showed good protection (23.39), followed by those dyed with henna leaves (21.79), turmeric (19.48), and neem leaves (16.43).","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.78
Kelthoum MAAMAR, Chahinaz FARES, Izzedine SAMEUT BOUHAIK, Larbi MAHMOUDI, Bassam G. N. MUTHANNA, MUSTAPHA DOUANI
The textile industry produces persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that pose significant risks to ecosystems because of their toxic and hazardous nature. Consequently, there is an urgent requirement for the development of effective techniques to treat the effluents and remove these compounds. This work studied the viability of the Electro-Fenton (EF) process as a potential alternative for treating textile wastewater contaminated with POPs. A batch electrochemical reactor, equipped with a platinum grid cathode and stainless-steel sacrificial anode, was utilized to eliminate Red Bemacid (RB) dye. The study investigated the impact of four key operational parameters: (i) stirring speed (rpm), (ii) oxygen flow rate (L/min), (iii) supporting electrolyte concentration [Na2SO4] (mg/L), and (iv) current intensity (A), as well as their interactions on RB removal. To perform this, Central Composite Experimental Design (CCD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were employed. Under optimized EF conditions for RB removal (stirring speed = 205.09 rpm, oxygen flow rate = 0.20 L/min, current intensity = 0.306 A, and supporting electrolyte concentration = 0.09 M), the EF process demonstrated exceptional removal efficiency, achieving approximately 94.51% removal of RB. The obtained results showed that the kinetic data of RB removal were in good agreement with the Behnajady-Modirshahla-Ghanbery (BMG) model. The CCD analysis revealed that the main effect of the current intensity had a significant impact on RB removal, as well as the interaction of all paired variables.
{"title":"RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO ELECTRO-FENTON PROCESS FOR DEGRADATION OF RED BEMACID AS TEXTILE DYE MODEL","authors":"Kelthoum MAAMAR, Chahinaz FARES, Izzedine SAMEUT BOUHAIK, Larbi MAHMOUDI, Bassam G. N. MUTHANNA, MUSTAPHA DOUANI","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.78","url":null,"abstract":"The textile industry produces persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that pose significant risks to ecosystems because of their toxic and hazardous nature. Consequently, there is an urgent requirement for the development of effective techniques to treat the effluents and remove these compounds. This work studied the viability of the Electro-Fenton (EF) process as a potential alternative for treating textile wastewater contaminated with POPs. A batch electrochemical reactor, equipped with a platinum grid cathode and stainless-steel sacrificial anode, was utilized to eliminate Red Bemacid (RB) dye. The study investigated the impact of four key operational parameters: (i) stirring speed (rpm), (ii) oxygen flow rate (L/min), (iii) supporting electrolyte concentration [Na2SO4] (mg/L), and (iv) current intensity (A), as well as their interactions on RB removal. To perform this, Central Composite Experimental Design (CCD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were employed. Under optimized EF conditions for RB removal (stirring speed = 205.09 rpm, oxygen flow rate = 0.20 L/min, current intensity = 0.306 A, and supporting electrolyte concentration = 0.09 M), the EF process demonstrated exceptional removal efficiency, achieving approximately 94.51% removal of RB. The obtained results showed that the kinetic data of RB removal were in good agreement with the Behnajady-Modirshahla-Ghanbery (BMG) model. The CCD analysis revealed that the main effect of the current intensity had a significant impact on RB removal, as well as the interaction of all paired variables.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellulose nanofibers, known for their high aspect ratio (>150), are difficult to process and characterize due to a variety of reasons, including lower diameters. In this work, cellulose micro and nanofibers produced by a Lab Valley Beater (LVB) and a Super Masscolloider (SMC) were characterized using optical microscopy and SEM. The thermal degradation behavior was analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis and solar radiation tests. With decreasing clearance between two grinders, SMC refining resulted in fibres with smaller diameter (400 nm to 8 μm) and a marginal increase in the number of fines was noted. LVB refining resulted in fibres with shorter length (500 μm), but a significant increase in the number of fines, contributing to higher tensile strength. The tensile strength of SMC sheets was 10-fold lower and severe ductile fracture was observed when compared to LVB refining. However, a 30 °C increase in thermal stability was found for fibres produced by SMC compared to LVB refining. This could be due to lesser heterogeneity in fibre morphology (reduced packing density), lack of surface fibrillation (reduced mechanical interlocking) and altered cellulose-lignin interaction for SMC refined fibres. Hence, it can be recommended to use blends of LVB and SMC refined fibres to make sheets for applications involving higher temperatures (250 °C) and higher tensile strengths (25 MPa), but the sheets need to be fabricated using the cast evaporation technique by maintaining the water bath temperature at 95-98 °C. The dust capturing ability of SMC sheets was tested using a dust sampler and it was found that sheet SMC_0.01 can capture PM2.5 dust particles, i.e. a weight increase of 7% was noticed in 6 h.
{"title":"PROCESSING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICRO AND NANOCELLULOSE FIBRES PRODUCED BY A LAB VALLEY BEATER (LVB) AND A SUPER MASSCOLLOIDER (SMC)","authors":"IPSITA SAHOO, PALLAVI GULIPALLI, KAUSHIK CHIVUKULA, RAMESH ADUSUMALLI","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.68","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose nanofibers, known for their high aspect ratio (>150), are difficult to process and characterize due to a variety of reasons, including lower diameters. In this work, cellulose micro and nanofibers produced by a Lab Valley Beater (LVB) and a Super Masscolloider (SMC) were characterized using optical microscopy and SEM. The thermal degradation behavior was analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis and solar radiation tests. With decreasing clearance between two grinders, SMC refining resulted in fibres with smaller diameter (400 nm to 8 μm) and a marginal increase in the number of fines was noted. LVB refining resulted in fibres with shorter length (500 μm), but a significant increase in the number of fines, contributing to higher tensile strength. The tensile strength of SMC sheets was 10-fold lower and severe ductile fracture was observed when compared to LVB refining. However, a 30 °C increase in thermal stability was found for fibres produced by SMC compared to LVB refining. This could be due to lesser heterogeneity in fibre morphology (reduced packing density), lack of surface fibrillation (reduced mechanical interlocking) and altered cellulose-lignin interaction for SMC refined fibres. Hence, it can be recommended to use blends of LVB and SMC refined fibres to make sheets for applications involving higher temperatures (250 °C) and higher tensile strengths (25 MPa), but the sheets need to be fabricated using the cast evaporation technique by maintaining the water bath temperature at 95-98 °C. The dust capturing ability of SMC sheets was tested using a dust sampler and it was found that sheet SMC_0.01 can capture PM2.5 dust particles, i.e. a weight increase of 7% was noticed in 6 h.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.66
CHOL-JUN RI, YON-CHOL KIM, SUNG-WON KIM, JONG-HYOK CHOE
Vertical wiped film evaporators (VWFE) have found wide application in chemical, food and especially, fiber industries. In this paper, a mathematical simulation is represented for the vacuum evaporation dissolution process of Lyocell solution (reed cellulose, N-Methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) solvent, water) in VWFE. The Turbulent Flow model in geometries with rotating parts and the frozen rotor approach in COMSOL Multi-physics 5.4 were used for simulation of the solution flow in VWFE. Comparing the obtained simulation results with experimental details, we show the effect of our simulation method.
{"title":"A SIMULATION OF EVAPORATION DISSOLUTION PROCESS FOR A LYOCELL SOLUTION IN A VERTICAL WIPED FILM EVAPORATOR (1: SIMULATION OF FLOW PROCESS FOR SOLUTION)","authors":"CHOL-JUN RI, YON-CHOL KIM, SUNG-WON KIM, JONG-HYOK CHOE","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.66","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical wiped film evaporators (VWFE) have found wide application in chemical, food and especially, fiber industries. In this paper, a mathematical simulation is represented for the vacuum evaporation dissolution process of Lyocell solution (reed cellulose, N-Methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) solvent, water) in VWFE. The Turbulent Flow model in geometries with rotating parts and the frozen rotor approach in COMSOL Multi-physics 5.4 were used for simulation of the solution flow in VWFE. Comparing the obtained simulation results with experimental details, we show the effect of our simulation method.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.67
JEMAL DILEBO, TESFAYE GABRIEL, KEBEDE WONDU
Cellulose fiber was extracted from khat waste (KW) using the chlorine free method and an aerogel was prepared by freeze drying of nanofibrillated cellulose of KW. The aerogel was loaded with a model drug, diclofenac sodium. The drug loaded aerogel (LA), drug unloaded aerogel (ULA), as-extracted cellulose (Cel) and KW were characterized using different instrumental techniques. Nanofibrillation of the cellulose fiber for 4 h gave 83.06% nanofiber. ULA had lower crystallinity index, as compared to Cel (53.89% vs 65.22%), but had higher thermal stability than LA and Cel. The drug loading capacity of the aerogel was 11.7 mg of pure drug per 100 mg of the nanofiber. The in vitro drug release from LA was less than one-third of the loaded drug (i.e., 31.4%) within 6 h. The findings highlight that nanofibrillated cellulose aerogel can be prepared from KW and may have potential applications in areas such as drug delivery.
采用无氯法从阿拉伯茶废(KW)中提取纤维素纤维，对KW纳米纤化纤维素进行冷冻干燥制备气凝胶，并在气凝胶中负载模型药物双氯芬酸钠。采用不同的仪器技术对载药气凝胶(LA)、未载药气凝胶(ULA)、提取纤维素(Cel)和KW进行了表征。纤维素纤维纳米纤颤作用4 h，得到83.06%的纳米纤维。ULA结晶度指数低于Cel (53.89% vs 65.22%)，但热稳定性高于LA和Cel。每100 mg纳米纤维的载药量为11.7 mg纯药物。在6小时内，LA的体外药物释放量小于负载药物的三分之一(即31.4%)。研究结果表明，纳米纤化纤维素气凝胶可以由KW制备，并可能在药物递送等领域具有潜在的应用前景。
{"title":"NANOFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE AEROGEL FROM KHAT (CATHA EDULIS) WASTE: FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATIONS","authors":"JEMAL DILEBO, TESFAYE GABRIEL, KEBEDE WONDU","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.67","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose fiber was extracted from khat waste (KW) using the chlorine free method and an aerogel was prepared by freeze drying of nanofibrillated cellulose of KW. The aerogel was loaded with a model drug, diclofenac sodium. The drug loaded aerogel (LA), drug unloaded aerogel (ULA), as-extracted cellulose (Cel) and KW were characterized using different instrumental techniques. Nanofibrillation of the cellulose fiber for 4 h gave 83.06% nanofiber. ULA had lower crystallinity index, as compared to Cel (53.89% vs 65.22%), but had higher thermal stability than LA and Cel. The drug loading capacity of the aerogel was 11.7 mg of pure drug per 100 mg of the nanofiber. The in vitro drug release from LA was less than one-third of the loaded drug (i.e., 31.4%) within 6 h. The findings highlight that nanofibrillated cellulose aerogel can be prepared from KW and may have potential applications in areas such as drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
cellulose (CMC)/polysulfone (PSf) by the crosslinking of glutaraldehyde (GA) or lactic acid (LA), using the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. The effects of different parameters, such as the type and degree of crosslinking, the immersion method, and the coating procedure, including the thermal treatment have been studied. The prepared membranes were analyzed in terms of water absorption and flux, as well as their efficiency in retaining salt ions from synthetic waters rich in mono/divalent salts and real seawater samples. The optimized membrane containing 2% by weight of CMC and 2% of lactic acid as crosslinking agent, coagulated by immersion for 10 min, represented a rejection efficiency of 97.3%, 88.3% and 34% for the solutions of MgSO4, CaCO3 and NaCl, respectively. The optimal membrane recorded a pure water flux of 127.37 L/m²h, under a low transmembrane pressure of 10 bars, and permeability of 26 L/m² h bars. The membrane flux recovery rate was greater than 94%, indicating satisfactory resistance to fouling.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE/POLYSULPHONE MEMBRANES PREPARED VIA DIFFERENT IMMERSION METHODS FOR SALT RICH WATERS","authors":"HANANE ABURIDEH, ZAHIA TIGRINE, DJAMILA ZIOUI, SARRA HOUT, LAMINE AOUDJIT, MOHAMED ABBAS","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.80","url":null,"abstract":"cellulose (CMC)/polysulfone (PSf) by the crosslinking of glutaraldehyde (GA) or lactic acid (LA), using the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. The effects of different parameters, such as the type and degree of crosslinking, the immersion method, and the coating procedure, including the thermal treatment have been studied. The prepared membranes were analyzed in terms of water absorption and flux, as well as their efficiency in retaining salt ions from synthetic waters rich in mono/divalent salts and real seawater samples. The optimized membrane containing 2% by weight of CMC and 2% of lactic acid as crosslinking agent, coagulated by immersion for 10 min, represented a rejection efficiency of 97.3%, 88.3% and 34% for the solutions of MgSO4, CaCO3 and NaCl, respectively. The optimal membrane recorded a pure water flux of 127.37 L/m²h, under a low transmembrane pressure of 10 bars, and permeability of 26 L/m² h bars. The membrane flux recovery rate was greater than 94%, indicating satisfactory resistance to fouling.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.61
AI VAN TRAN, MAKOTO YANAGA
Radiocontaminated Cryptomeria japonica from Iitate village in Fukushima was analyzed in terms of the bark, sapwood and heartwood. Both 134Cs and 137Cs activities were confirmed in these wood components. The sum of 134Cs and 137Cs activities was the highest in the bark, the lowest in the sapwood and that of the heartwood in between. Although the holocellulose isolated from the bark was contaminated by 134Cs and 137Cs activities, these radiocesiums were not detected in the holocelluloses from sapwood and heartwood. Similar results were obtained for dioxane lignins isolated from sapwood and heartwood. An examination of the FTIR spectra of holocelluloses and dioxane lignins from the bark, sapwood and heartwood of C. japonica originated from radiocontaminated Iitate, and radiocontamination-free Fuji areas revealed that the structures of the constitutions of the former wood were not altered by the radiocontamination. Furthermore, the FTIR spectra of the outer bark and inner bark holocelluloses from the artifically 137Cs-impregnated Fuji tree were similar to those of the outer bark and inner bark holocelluloses of the radiocontaminated Iitate tree.
{"title":"EFFECT OF THE 2011 FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ACCIDENT ON CRYPTOMERIA JAPONICA WOOD COMPONENTS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING: A MINI REVIEW","authors":"AI VAN TRAN, MAKOTO YANAGA","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.61","url":null,"abstract":"Radiocontaminated Cryptomeria japonica from Iitate village in Fukushima was analyzed in terms of the bark, sapwood and heartwood. Both 134Cs and 137Cs activities were confirmed in these wood components. The sum of 134Cs and 137Cs activities was the highest in the bark, the lowest in the sapwood and that of the heartwood in between. Although the holocellulose isolated from the bark was contaminated by 134Cs and 137Cs activities, these radiocesiums were not detected in the holocelluloses from sapwood and heartwood. Similar results were obtained for dioxane lignins isolated from sapwood and heartwood. An examination of the FTIR spectra of holocelluloses and dioxane lignins from the bark, sapwood and heartwood of C. japonica originated from radiocontaminated Iitate, and radiocontamination-free Fuji areas revealed that the structures of the constitutions of the former wood were not altered by the radiocontamination. Furthermore, the FTIR spectra of the outer bark and inner bark holocelluloses from the artifically 137Cs-impregnated Fuji tree were similar to those of the outer bark and inner bark holocelluloses of the radiocontaminated Iitate tree.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.72
ALEKSANDAR KNEŽEVIĆ, IVANA ĐOKIĆ, TOMISLAV TOSTI, SLAĐANA POPOVIĆ, DUŠANKA MILOJKOVIĆ-OPSENICA, JELENA VUKOJEVIĆ
The aim of the study was the comparative analysis of degradation of wheat straw lignin by white-rot fungi and its implications on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of holocellulose. Peroxidases were found to be predominantly responsible for lignin degradation, even though high laccase activities were detected, especially in the initial stages of fungal culturing. The studied fungal species showed various ability to degrade lignin in wheat straw, which further affected the release of reducing sugars during enzymatic saccharification. The highest rate of lignin, hemicelluloses and cellulose degradation was noticed in the sample pretreated with Irpex lacteus. Among all the tested species, only Ganoderma resinaceum was found as a suitable lignin degrader, with 2-fold higher hydrolysis yield (51.1 ± 4.7%) than in the control. A key mechanism that enhances convertibility of carbohydrates is the selective lignin removal from biomass. Operating time, holocellulose loss and unpredictable fungal response to culturing conditions are the main challenges in fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic feedstock.
{"title":"WHITE-ROT FUNGAL PRETREATMENT OF WHEAT STRAW: EFFECT ON ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS","authors":"ALEKSANDAR KNEŽEVIĆ, IVANA ĐOKIĆ, TOMISLAV TOSTI, SLAĐANA POPOVIĆ, DUŠANKA MILOJKOVIĆ-OPSENICA, JELENA VUKOJEVIĆ","doi":"10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.72","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was the comparative analysis of degradation of wheat straw lignin by white-rot fungi and its implications on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of holocellulose. Peroxidases were found to be predominantly responsible for lignin degradation, even though high laccase activities were detected, especially in the initial stages of fungal culturing. The studied fungal species showed various ability to degrade lignin in wheat straw, which further affected the release of reducing sugars during enzymatic saccharification. The highest rate of lignin, hemicelluloses and cellulose degradation was noticed in the sample pretreated with Irpex lacteus. Among all the tested species, only Ganoderma resinaceum was found as a suitable lignin degrader, with 2-fold higher hydrolysis yield (51.1 ± 4.7%) than in the control. A key mechanism that enhances convertibility of carbohydrates is the selective lignin removal from biomass. Operating time, holocellulose loss and unpredictable fungal response to culturing conditions are the main challenges in fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic feedstock.","PeriodicalId":10130,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose Chemistry and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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