Revista colombiana de obstetricia y ginecologia最新文献

Objectives: To determine if there is an association between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) diagnosed and treated in a Spanish population.

Material and methods: Retrospective cohort of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who had neutrophil and lymphocyte values in complete blood count before the histopathological diagnosis and survival of at least three months, in an intermediate complexity hospital. Convenience sampling. Measured variables included age, menopausal stage, parity, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, treatment type, residual tumor, lymph node involvement, presence of ascites, cytology, histologic type, differentiation grade, and CA-125 values. Additionally, outcomes, overall survival, disease/progression-free survival were also measured. Bivariate inferential and Cox regression analyses were performed.

Results: Out of 78 candidates, 60 women with EOC were included. Of them, 24 (40%) had a low NLR (≤ 2,9) while 36 (60%) had a high NLR (> 2,9). An association was found between high NLR levels and suboptimal cytoreductive surgery. High NLR ratios were associated with lower overall survival (Hazard ratio (HR): 4.1; 95% CI: 1.4-11.8) and lower 5-year disease-free survival (HR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.2-5.7).

Conclusions: A plasma neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio of more than 2.9 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer in our setting. There is a need to establish the optimal cut-off point and conduct prospective studies with larger patient numbers in order to support this information.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of recurrent voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP) and to explore associated factors.

Materials and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional cohort study which included women seen between 2015 and 2021 in five sites of an institution located in the Department of Antioquia which promotes sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care in Colombia. Measured variables included sociodemographics, SRH, recurrent performance of VTP, type of procedure used in the first VTP and contraception method selected afterwards. The prevalence of global and yearly recurrent abortion period is presented. Associated factors were explored using a multivariate analysis. The research committee of the institution approved the study.

Results: In total, 20,423 women were included. The prevalence of recurrent VTP was 4.07% (n = 831) during the entire period, ranging between 2.3 and 6% over the 7 years. The most commonly used method for recurrent VTP was pharmacological induction (48.50%). After the first VTP, 69.81% of women used contraceptive methods classified as “very effective” according to the World Health Organization. The risk factors identified as being associated with recurrent VTP included being part of the state-subsidized health insurance system (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.35; 95 % CI:1.05-1.72) and having had two or more pregnancies (aOR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.06 - 1.44). Protective factors were identified and included out-of-pocket payment for VTP service (aOR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.61-0.82), a history of late VTP (aOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.11-0.81), and the selection of a subdermal implant for contraception following the first abortion (sOR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49 – 0.83).

Conclusions: It is possible that the prevalence of recurrent VTP is increasing. Prospective studies are required in order to determine whether there is a growing trend and to verify potential association hypotheses derived from this work.

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Objectives: To describe the knowledge, appropriateness and practices regarding the evidence-based “Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) for the comprehensive management of gestational syphilis (GS) and congenital syphilis (CS)”.

Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study including general practitioners, specialists and nurses working at 52 healthcare institutions in the Bolivar Department (Colombia) who provided prenatal control or neonatal care in 2020. Convenience sampling was used. A digital questionnaire was administered to collect sociodemographic information, assessed knowledge, appropriateness and practices in terms of the evidenced-based “Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG)" mentioned in the objectives. A descriptive analysis followed.

Results: A total of 101 workers were included. There are deficiencies associated with the correct use of the inverse algorithm of diagnosis (48 %) and GS followup (77 %), management of the patient with a history of systemic manifestation allergies (31 %) and treatment of GS (61 %) and CS (10 %). The recommendation of not using the penicillin test in patients with no history of systemic allergies is considered of little benefit (60 %). 23 % of the workers do not use rapid tests and 44 % of the specialists administer syphilis treatment to the sexual partner.

Conclusions: It is important to intensify the training strategies for health personnel with emphasis on nurses and, as a matter of urgency, empower them in syphilis control activities. New and continuous national and regional evaluations of the implementation of these guidelines are needed to assess the indicators associated with the strategy for the elimination of this disease.

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Objectives: To describe a case of prenatal diagnosis of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome based on ultrasound findings and complete fetal exome sequencing.

Materials and methods: A 33-year-old patient currently on treatment for hypothyroidism in whom a 19-week detailed anatomical ultrasound scan showed fetal deformities in more than two body areas (upper and lower limbs), suggesting a diagnosis of arthrogryposis. Genetic counseling was provided and amniocentesis was performed at 20 weeks for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and complete fetal exome sequencing, with the latter allowing the identification of a heterozygous pathogenic variant of the MYH3 gene which is associated with type 2A distal arthrogryposis.

Conclusions: Complete fetal exome sequencing was a key factor in identifying the MYH3 gene mutation and confirmed that the deformities seen on ultrasound were associated with type 2A distal arthrogryposis. It is important to perform complete fetal exome sequencing in cases of joint malformations seen on prenatal ultrasound.

Objectives: To understand the breastfeeding experience from the perspective of a group of women who breastfeed for the first time.

Materials and methods: Qualitative study from an ethnographic perspective, focusing on a group of women from the eastern region of the Department of Antioquia (Colombia). Intentional sampling until data saturation was used. The group included 16 first-time breastfeeding mothers aged 18 or older, with children under 24 months of age and who were breastfeeding or had breastfed exclusively for at least three months. Semi-structured interviews and participant observations were carried out. Data were analyzed by triangulation and open and axial coding. The results are presented in the form of category descriptions.

Results: Four categories were identified in relation to the breastfeeding experience: exhaustion and pain dispelled by love, breastfeeding and the new order of things, emotions of a woman embodied in a mother, and breastfeeding as a social act.

Conclusions: Protection of breastfeeding requires special attention to the woman as a subject beyond the act of breastfeeding, giving priority to her physical and emotional health as essential elements that must be kept in mind by healthcare professionals. Studies to assess the effects of creating support groups that foster the exchange of insights to help the breastfeeding woman are required.