Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560513
A.A. Cuello-Reyna, J. Cedeno-Maldonado
One of the most challenging operational aspects in restructured systems with open transmission access is the congestion management of the grid. With the trend of an increasing number of bilateral and multilateral contracts submitted to the independent system operator (ISO), the possibility of insufficient resources in the transmission system may be unavoidable. In this work, we use an evolutionary computation technique known as differential evolution (DE), as an optimization tool for solving various congested scenarios, including pool, bilateral and multilateral transactions; as well as to estimate how the optimization process is affected by the economic valuation of those transactions.
{"title":"OPF framework for congestion management in deregulated environments using differential evolution","authors":"A.A. Cuello-Reyna, J. Cedeno-Maldonado","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560513","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most challenging operational aspects in restructured systems with open transmission access is the congestion management of the grid. With the trend of an increasing number of bilateral and multilateral contracts submitted to the independent system operator (ISO), the possibility of insufficient resources in the transmission system may be unavoidable. In this work, we use an evolutionary computation technique known as differential evolution (DE), as an optimization tool for solving various congested scenarios, including pool, bilateral and multilateral transactions; as well as to estimate how the optimization process is affected by the economic valuation of those transactions.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131716649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560537
S. R. Guda, Caisheng Wang, M. H. Nehrir
This paper presents the modeling and simulation of a microturbine generation system suitable for isolated as well as grid-connected operation. The system comprises of a permanent magnet synchronous generator driven by a microturbine. A brief description of the overall system is given, and mathematical models for the microturbine and permanent magnet synchronous generator are presented. Also, the use of power electronics in conditioning the power output of the generating system is demonstrated. Simulation studies have been carried out in MATLAB/Simulink under different load conditions.
{"title":"A Simulink-based microturbine model for distributed generation studies","authors":"S. R. Guda, Caisheng Wang, M. H. Nehrir","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560537","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the modeling and simulation of a microturbine generation system suitable for isolated as well as grid-connected operation. The system comprises of a permanent magnet synchronous generator driven by a microturbine. A brief description of the overall system is given, and mathematical models for the microturbine and permanent magnet synchronous generator are presented. Also, the use of power electronics in conditioning the power output of the generating system is demonstrated. Simulation studies have been carried out in MATLAB/Simulink under different load conditions.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120821363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560554
J. Foertsch, J. Johnson, P. Nagvajara
Full-AC load flow is a crucial task in power system analysis. Solving full-AC load flow utilizes iterative numerical methods such as Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel or Newton-Raphson. Newton-Raphson is currently the preferred solver used in industrial applications such as power world and PSS/E due to it faster convergence than either Jacobi or Gauss-Seidel. In this paper, we reexamine the Jacobi method for use in a fully pipelined hardware implementation using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an alternative to Newton-Raphson. Using benchmark data from representative power systems, we compare the operation counts of Newton-Raphson software to the proposed Jacobi FPGA hardware. Our studies show that Jacobi method implemented in an FPGA for a sufficiently large power system has the potential to be a state of the art full-AC load flow engine.
{"title":"Jacobi load flow accelerator using FPGA","authors":"J. Foertsch, J. Johnson, P. Nagvajara","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560554","url":null,"abstract":"Full-AC load flow is a crucial task in power system analysis. Solving full-AC load flow utilizes iterative numerical methods such as Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel or Newton-Raphson. Newton-Raphson is currently the preferred solver used in industrial applications such as power world and PSS/E due to it faster convergence than either Jacobi or Gauss-Seidel. In this paper, we reexamine the Jacobi method for use in a fully pipelined hardware implementation using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an alternative to Newton-Raphson. Using benchmark data from representative power systems, we compare the operation counts of Newton-Raphson software to the proposed Jacobi FPGA hardware. Our studies show that Jacobi method implemented in an FPGA for a sufficiently large power system has the potential to be a state of the art full-AC load flow engine.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125104201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560590
E. Nino, A. Nassif, W. Xu
The purpose of this work is to analyze the problem related to the determination of the network harmonic impedances based on field measurements under steady-state conditions at the "point of common coupling" (PCC). No induced disturbances are utilized. For this purpose, a nonlinear method, a phasor method and correlation analysis are developed, investigated and compared. All of them use different operating points by changing the load. Numerical and practical difficulties are identified. Simulation and practical results are presented.
{"title":"Network impedance measurement methods based on on-site data","authors":"E. Nino, A. Nassif, W. Xu","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560590","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to analyze the problem related to the determination of the network harmonic impedances based on field measurements under steady-state conditions at the \"point of common coupling\" (PCC). No induced disturbances are utilized. For this purpose, a nonlinear method, a phasor method and correlation analysis are developed, investigated and compared. All of them use different operating points by changing the load. Numerical and practical difficulties are identified. Simulation and practical results are presented.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127952908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560527
F. Uriarte, K. Butler-Purry
This work documents the implications, methodology, and results of modeling a power system in real-time using a single PC; offline and real-time results are both presented. It is known that a single PC running Windows cannot guarantee real-time performance, especially for higher order systems. Nonetheless, using the suggested optimizations real-time simulation times are achieved on a same computer. The system modeled is a three-phase radial system consisting of breakers, an autotransformer, two parallel transmission lines, switchable loads, and an induction motor. Among the targets provided by the real-time workshop for single PC prototyping, the generic real-time target (GRT) was used.
{"title":"Real-time simulation of a small-scale distribution feeder using Simulink and a single PC","authors":"F. Uriarte, K. Butler-Purry","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560527","url":null,"abstract":"This work documents the implications, methodology, and results of modeling a power system in real-time using a single PC; offline and real-time results are both presented. It is known that a single PC running Windows cannot guarantee real-time performance, especially for higher order systems. Nonetheless, using the suggested optimizations real-time simulation times are achieved on a same computer. The system modeled is a three-phase radial system consisting of breakers, an autotransformer, two parallel transmission lines, switchable loads, and an induction motor. Among the targets provided by the real-time workshop for single PC prototyping, the generic real-time target (GRT) was used.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130223822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560533
F. Gao, K. Strunz
A transmission line model with constant distributed parameters for the efficient simulation of diverse transients in power electric networks is proposed. The novelty of the model lies in its capability to simulate both natural waveforms as observed in reality and envelope waveforms that modulate AC carriers. To achieve the bridging between natural and envelope waveforms, the model processes analytic signals whose Fourier spectrums can be shifted. The shift frequency is introduced as a simulation parameter in addition to the time step size. Interpolation is used to obtain results when the wave propagation time between both ends of the line is not an integer multiple of the time step size of the simulation. The model is implemented in a nodal analysis based simulator and validated through the study of the energization of a transmission line.
{"title":"Modeling of constant distributed parameter transmission line for simulation of natural and envelope waveforms in power electric networks","authors":"F. Gao, K. Strunz","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560533","url":null,"abstract":"A transmission line model with constant distributed parameters for the efficient simulation of diverse transients in power electric networks is proposed. The novelty of the model lies in its capability to simulate both natural waveforms as observed in reality and envelope waveforms that modulate AC carriers. To achieve the bridging between natural and envelope waveforms, the model processes analytic signals whose Fourier spectrums can be shifted. The shift frequency is introduced as a simulation parameter in addition to the time step size. Interpolation is used to obtain results when the wave propagation time between both ends of the line is not an integer multiple of the time step size of the simulation. The model is implemented in a nodal analysis based simulator and validated through the study of the energization of a transmission line.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130505304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560494
A. Golder, K. Miu, C. Nwankpa, S. Carullo
This work presents a remote data acquisition and control system that allows students and researchers to perform an experiment using power systems hardware from any location with an active Internet connection. There are four main components for this system: first, the power systems hardware necessary to perform the experiment; second, digital control and data acquisition hardware; third, a software system composed of a server and client module that communicate data and control signals over the Internet; and fourth, a safety system to protect local hardware and software systems from damage. This paper focuses on the development of the software system which allows for remote access.
{"title":"Remote hardware power system loading studies over the World Wide Web","authors":"A. Golder, K. Miu, C. Nwankpa, S. Carullo","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560494","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a remote data acquisition and control system that allows students and researchers to perform an experiment using power systems hardware from any location with an active Internet connection. There are four main components for this system: first, the power systems hardware necessary to perform the experiment; second, digital control and data acquisition hardware; third, a software system composed of a server and client module that communicate data and control signals over the Internet; and fourth, a safety system to protect local hardware and software systems from damage. This paper focuses on the development of the software system which allows for remote access.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123349523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560539
L.M. Monge-Guerrero, A. Irizarry-Rivera
In this work the authors present a degradation model of generator stator insulation to compute failure probabilities. This may in turn be used to develop risk-based maintenance for synchronous generators. First, generators different failure modes were identified and studied. The most common failure mode encountered was failure of the stator winding insulation. Following Simoni's insulation deterioration model, a mathematical-theoretical insulation degradation model of the stator winding insulation was developed. The model measures degradation in electrical strength through time as a function of generator's voltage and current. An example for a generator of 13.8 kV and 100 MVA is presented. The results show for the case where the applied voltage and current were at normal operating condition, the winding insulation last approximately three months, while the case at highest applied voltage and highest increase in current, the insulation last a few hours. Complete and reliable data on generators is still needed in order to verify the model and to calculate failure probabilities.
{"title":"A degradation model of synchronous generator stator insulation","authors":"L.M. Monge-Guerrero, A. Irizarry-Rivera","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560539","url":null,"abstract":"In this work the authors present a degradation model of generator stator insulation to compute failure probabilities. This may in turn be used to develop risk-based maintenance for synchronous generators. First, generators different failure modes were identified and studied. The most common failure mode encountered was failure of the stator winding insulation. Following Simoni's insulation deterioration model, a mathematical-theoretical insulation degradation model of the stator winding insulation was developed. The model measures degradation in electrical strength through time as a function of generator's voltage and current. An example for a generator of 13.8 kV and 100 MVA is presented. The results show for the case where the applied voltage and current were at normal operating condition, the winding insulation last approximately three months, while the case at highest applied voltage and highest increase in current, the insulation last a few hours. Complete and reliable data on generators is still needed in order to verify the model and to calculate failure probabilities.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127911333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560512
Sam Kodsi, C. Cañizares
A new stability constrained optimal power flow technique is proposed in this paper. The proposed methodology accounts for system dynamics through the use of a recently proposed stability index as an additional optimal power flow (OPF) constraint. The technique is developed with the objective of maximizing social benefit in the context of competitive electricity markets. An interior point method (IP) is used to solve the proposed OPF problem, and a 3-bus test system with both supply- and demand-side bidding is used to illustrate its application in electricity markets. The results obtained for the system are compared with respect to results obtained for a previously proposed voltage-stability-constrained OPF technique to demonstrate the effect of oscillatory instabilities on the network and market conditions, in particularly locational marginal prices. A power system stabilizer (PSS) is then introduced in the test system to eliminate the oscillation problems, using the proposed technique to determine the PSS effect on electricity pricing and thus suggest a possible mechanism to price the services provided by this controller.
{"title":"Stability-constrained optimal power flow and its application to pricing power system stabilizers","authors":"Sam Kodsi, C. Cañizares","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560512","url":null,"abstract":"A new stability constrained optimal power flow technique is proposed in this paper. The proposed methodology accounts for system dynamics through the use of a recently proposed stability index as an additional optimal power flow (OPF) constraint. The technique is developed with the objective of maximizing social benefit in the context of competitive electricity markets. An interior point method (IP) is used to solve the proposed OPF problem, and a 3-bus test system with both supply- and demand-side bidding is used to illustrate its application in electricity markets. The results obtained for the system are compared with respect to results obtained for a previously proposed voltage-stability-constrained OPF technique to demonstrate the effect of oscillatory instabilities on the network and market conditions, in particularly locational marginal prices. A power system stabilizer (PSS) is then introduced in the test system to eliminate the oscillation problems, using the proposed technique to determine the PSS effect on electricity pricing and thus suggest a possible mechanism to price the services provided by this controller.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129623937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560558
S. Srivastava, S. Suryanarayanan, P. Ribeiro, D. Cartes, M. Stcurer
In this paper, a concept for a power quality monitoring system based on an intelligent, adaptive, and reconfigurable multi-agent system (MAS) is presented. This architecture has the potential advantages of reduced bandwidth requirements, reduced computation time, and better extensibility over traditional client-server systems. One of the novel features of the proposed methodology is that by using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the MAS has the ability to reconfigure itself under failure conditions.
{"title":"A conceptual power quality monitoring technique based on multi-agent systems","authors":"S. Srivastava, S. Suryanarayanan, P. Ribeiro, D. Cartes, M. Stcurer","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560558","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a concept for a power quality monitoring system based on an intelligent, adaptive, and reconfigurable multi-agent system (MAS) is presented. This architecture has the potential advantages of reduced bandwidth requirements, reduced computation time, and better extensibility over traditional client-server systems. One of the novel features of the proposed methodology is that by using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the MAS has the ability to reconfigure itself under failure conditions.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132663172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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