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SGLT-2 inhibitors: Diabetes and CKD and CHF (and gout?), oh my! SGLT-2 抑制剂：糖尿病、慢性肾脏病和慢性心力衰竭（还有痛风？
IF 3.4 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91b.07024
Brian F Mandell
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引用次数: 0
Preventing herpes zoster in immunocompromised patients: Current concepts. 预防免疫力低下患者的带状疱疹：当前概念。
IF 3.4 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.24019
Cassandra Calabrese, Elizabeth Kirchner, James Fernandez, Leonard H Calabrese

Herpes zoster (HZ) incidence is much higher in immunocompromised individuals than in immunocompetent individuals. HZ also occurs at a younger age and is often more severe in immunocompromised persons. Preventive strategies center around the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV), which is approved for immunocompromised adults age 19 and older. Identifying those at greatest risk is critical. For those considering vaccination, evidence gaps regarding vaccine efficacy, toxicity, length of protection, and potential effects on underlying conditions may complicate shared and informed decision-making. Recent data have filled some of these gaps, with several societies issuing recommendations regarding vaccination. Remaining gaps are currently addressed by expert opinion.

免疫力低下者的带状疱疹（HZ）发病率远高于免疫力正常者。免疫力低下者的带状疱疹发病年龄也更小，病情往往更严重。预防策略以重组带状疱疹疫苗（RZV）为中心，该疫苗已被批准用于 19 岁及以上免疫力低下的成年人。识别风险最大的人群至关重要。对于那些考虑接种疫苗的人来说，有关疫苗疗效、毒性、保护期以及对潜在疾病的潜在影响的证据缺口可能会使共同和知情决策变得复杂。最近的数据填补了其中的一些空白，一些协会也发布了有关疫苗接种的建议。其余的差距目前由专家意见来解决。
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引用次数: 0
SGLT-2 inhibitors in heart failure and chronic kidney disease: A review for internists. SGLT-2 抑制剂在心力衰竭和慢性肾病中的应用：内科医生综述。
IF 3.4 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.23093
Rahul Jaswaney, Samantha Sokoloff, Val Rakita, Daniel J Rubin

Despite current therapies, heart failure and chronic kidney disease continue to be major causes of morbidity and mortality. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have recently become standard-of-care therapy for these conditions. This review summarizes important randomized controlled trials of SGLT-2 inhibitors and guidelines for using these agents in patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease in both clinic and hospital settings.

尽管目前有各种疗法，但心力衰竭和慢性肾病仍然是发病和死亡的主要原因。钠-葡萄糖共转运体 2（SGLT-2）抑制剂最近已成为治疗这些疾病的标准疗法。本综述总结了 SGLT-2 抑制剂的重要随机对照试验，以及在临床和医院环境中对心力衰竭和慢性肾病患者使用这些药物的指南。
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引用次数: 0
Lymphedema vs lipedema: Similar but different. 淋巴水肿与脂肪水肿：相似但又不同。
IF 3.4 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.23084
Laura Daniela Lomeli, Vinni Makin, John R Bartholomew, Bartolome Burguera

Lymphedema and lipedema are chronic debilitating disorders that most commonly affect the upper and lower extremities. Although they can appear similar, they differ in important ways, which the authors of this article review and contrast.

淋巴水肿和脂肪性水肿是最常影响上肢和下肢的慢性衰弱性疾病。虽然它们看起来很相似，但在一些重要方面存在差异，本文作者对此进行了回顾和对比。
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引用次数: 0
Varicose veins. 静脉曲张
IF 3.4 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.23083
Noelle Boctor, Paul Aronowitz
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引用次数: 0
A hidden cause of hypokalemia. 导致低钾血症的隐性原因。
IF 6.1 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.24002
Kanza Haq, Zein Alabdin Hannouneh, C Elena Cervantes, Mohamad Hanouneh
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引用次数: 0
Pursuing the diagnosis of low back pain. 继续诊断腰背痛。
IF 3.4 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91b.06024
Brian F Mandell
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引用次数: 0
Diabetes technology: A primer for clinicians. 糖尿病技术：临床医生入门指南。
IF 6.1 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.23073
Jayachidambaram Ambalavanan, Diana Isaacs, M Cecilia Lansang

Diabetes technology is evolving rapidly and is changing the way both patients and clinicians approach the management of diabetes. With more devices gaining US Food and Drug Administration approval and insurance coverage expanding, these new technologies are being widely adopted by people living with diabetes. We provide a summary of the commonly available devices in the market today that clinicians will likely encounter. This includes continuous glucose monitors (CGMs); connected insulin pens, caps, and buttons; and insulin pumps. Clinicians' awareness of and familiarity with this technology will enhance its accessibility for patients with diabetes.

糖尿病技术发展迅速，正在改变患者和临床医生管理糖尿病的方式。随着越来越多的设备获得美国食品和药物管理局的批准以及保险范围的扩大，这些新技术正被糖尿病患者广泛采用。我们总结了临床医生可能会遇到的目前市场上常见的设备。其中包括连续血糖监测仪 (CGM)、连接胰岛素笔、帽和按钮以及胰岛素泵。临床医生对这些技术的了解和熟悉将提高糖尿病患者对这些技术的可及性。
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引用次数: 0
Low back pain: Spondylitis? 腰痛：脊柱炎？
IF 3.4 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.23086
Aditi Patel, Jean Schils
{"title":"Low back pain: Spondylitis?","authors":"Aditi Patel, Jean Schils","doi":"10.3949/ccjm.91a.23086","DOIUrl":"10.3949/ccjm.91a.23086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10245,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine","volume":"91 6","pages":"339-340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gastroparesis for the nongastroenterologist. 非消化内科医生的胃痉挛。
IF 6.1 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.91a.23078
Jorge Araujo-Duran, Arjun Chatterjee, Samita Garg

Gastroparesis is a heterogeneous motility disorder characterized by nausea, vomiting, and postprandial fullness. Its diagnosis requires objective documentation of delayed gastric emptying of solid food and exclusion of mechanical obstruction. Its epidemiology is unclear, and the main causes are diabetes mellitus and idiopathic disease. Cardinal symptoms often co-occur. Management involves nutritional assessment, dietary changes, drug evaluation, glycemic control (for patients with diabetes mellitus), and symptom relief. In this review, we explore challenges nongastroenterologists may encounter and how they can use current recommendations to manage patients with gastroparesis.

胃瘫是一种以恶心、呕吐和餐后饱胀为特征的异质性运动障碍。其诊断需要有固体食物胃排空延迟的客观记录，并排除机械性梗阻。其流行病学尚不清楚，主要病因是糖尿病和特发性疾病。主要症状经常同时出现。治疗包括营养评估、饮食改变、药物评估、血糖控制（针对糖尿病患者）和症状缓解。在这篇综述中，我们将探讨非肠胃病学家可能遇到的挑战，以及他们如何利用当前的建议来管理胃瘫患者。
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引用次数: 0
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