Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad3dcc
Yuhang Tan, Xuebao Cai, Jiecheng Yang, Ting Su, Hairong Zheng, Dong Liang, Peiping Zhu, Yongshuai Ge
The low-density imaging performance of a zone plate-based nano-resolution hard x-ray computed tomography (CT) system can be significantly improved by incorporating a grating-based Lau interferometer. Due to the diffraction, however, the acquired nano-resolution phase signal may suffer splitting problem, which impedes the direct reconstruction of phase contrast CT (nPCT) images. To overcome, a new model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm is developed in this study. In it, the diffraction procedure is mathematically modeled into a matrix B, from which the projections without signal splitting can be generated invertedly. Furthermore, a penalized weighted least-square model with total variation (PWLS-TV) is employed to denoise these projections, from which nPCT images with high accuracy are directly reconstructed. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this new algorithm is able to work with phase projections having any splitting distances. Moreover, results also reveal that nPCT images of higher signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) could be reconstructed from projections having larger splitting distances. In summary, a novel model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm with high accuracy and robustness is verified for the Lau interferometer-based hard x-ray nano-resolution phase contrast imaging.
通过采用基于光栅的劳氏干涉仪，可以显著提高基于区片的纳米分辨率硬 X 射线计算机断层扫描（CT）系统的低密度成像性能。然而，由于衍射的原因，获取的纳米分辨率相位信号可能会出现分裂问题，从而阻碍了相位对比 CT（nPCT）图像的直接重建。为了克服这一问题，本研究开发了一种新的模型驱动 nPCT 图像重建算法。在该算法中，衍射过程被数学模型化为一个矩阵 B，从中可以反演生成无信号分裂的投影。此外，还采用了带总变异的惩罚性加权最小二乘法模型（PWLS-TV）对这些投影进行去噪处理，从而直接重建出高精度的 nPCT 图像。数值实验证明，这种新算法能够处理任何分割距离的相位投影。此外，实验结果还表明，信噪比（SNR）更高的 nPCT 图像可以从分割距离更大的投影中重建。总之，基于劳氏干涉仪的硬 X 射线纳米分辨率相衬成像验证了一种新型的模型驱动 nPCT 图像重建算法，该算法具有高精度和鲁棒性。
{"title":"Model-driven CT reconstruction algorithm for nano-resolution x-ray phase contrast imaging","authors":"Yuhang Tan, Xuebao Cai, Jiecheng Yang, Ting Su, Hairong Zheng, Dong Liang, Peiping Zhu, Yongshuai Ge","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad3dcc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad3dcc","url":null,"abstract":"The low-density imaging performance of a zone plate-based nano-resolution hard x-ray computed tomography (CT) system can be significantly improved by incorporating a grating-based Lau interferometer. Due to the diffraction, however, the acquired nano-resolution phase signal may suffer splitting problem, which impedes the direct reconstruction of phase contrast CT (nPCT) images. To overcome, a new model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm is developed in this study. In it, the diffraction procedure is mathematically modeled into a matrix <italic toggle=\"yes\"><bold>B</bold></italic>, from which the projections without signal splitting can be generated invertedly. Furthermore, a penalized weighted least-square model with total variation (PWLS-TV) is employed to denoise these projections, from which nPCT images with high accuracy are directly reconstructed. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this new algorithm is able to work with phase projections having any splitting distances. Moreover, results also reveal that nPCT images of higher signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) could be reconstructed from projections having larger splitting distances. In summary, a novel model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm with high accuracy and robustness is verified for the Lau interferometer-based hard x-ray nano-resolution phase contrast imaging.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad4532
Xiao-Mei Dong, Ben-Jin Guan, Ying-Jun Li
This paper introduces and establishes a quasi-three-dimensional physical model of the interaction between a laser and a slab target. In contrast to previous one-dimensional analytical models, this paper innovatively fits the real laser conditions based on an isothermal, homogeneous expansion similarity solution of the ideal hydrodynamic equations. Using this simple model, the evolution law and analytical formulae for key parameters (e.g., temperature, density and scale length) in the corona region under certain conditions are given. The analytical solutions agree well with the relevant results of computational hydrodynamics simulation. For constant laser irradiation, the analytical solutions provide a meaningful power-law scaling relationship. The model provides a set of mathematical and physical tools that give theoretical support for adjusting parameters in experiments.
{"title":"Quasi-three-dimensional hydrodynamics of the corona region of laser irradiation of a slab","authors":"Xiao-Mei Dong, Ben-Jin Guan, Ying-Jun Li","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad4532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad4532","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces and establishes a quasi-three-dimensional physical model of the interaction between a laser and a slab target. In contrast to previous one-dimensional analytical models, this paper innovatively fits the real laser conditions based on an isothermal, homogeneous expansion similarity solution of the ideal hydrodynamic equations. Using this simple model, the evolution law and analytical formulae for key parameters (e.g., temperature, density and scale length) in the corona region under certain conditions are given. The analytical solutions agree well with the relevant results of computational hydrodynamics simulation. For constant laser irradiation, the analytical solutions provide a meaningful power-law scaling relationship. The model provides a set of mathematical and physical tools that give theoretical support for adjusting parameters in experiments.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silicon (Si) is a competitive anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential. Recently, the prospect of Si anodes in solid-state batteries (SSBs) has been proposed due to less solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and particle pulverization. However, major challenges arise for Si anodes in SSBs at elevated temperatures. In this work, the failure mechanisms of Si-Li6PS5Cl (LPSC) composite anodes above 80 °C are thoroughly investigated from the perspectives of interface stability and (electro)chemo-mechanical effect. The chemistry and growth kinetics of LixSi|LPSC interphase are demonstrated by combining electrochemical, chemical and computational characterizations. Si and/or Si–P compound formed at LixSi|LPSC interface prove to be detrimental to interface stability at high temperatures. On the other hand, excessive volume expansion and local stress caused by Si lithiation at high temperatures damage the mechanical structure of Si-LPSC composite anodes. This work elucidates the behavior and failure mechanisms of Si-based anodes in SSBs at high temperatures and provides insights into upgrading Si-based anodes for application in SSBs.
硅（Si）具有理论容量高、电化学势低的特点，是一种极具竞争力的阳极材料。最近，人们提出了在固态电池（SSB）中使用硅阳极的前景，因为硅阳极的固态电解质相间（SEI）形成和颗粒粉化较少。然而，在高温条件下，固态电池中的硅阳极面临着重大挑战。在这项研究中，我们从界面稳定性和（电）化学机械效应的角度深入研究了硅-Li6PS5Cl（LPSC）复合阳极在 80 ℃ 以上的失效机理。通过结合电化学、化学和计算特性，证明了 LixSi|LPSC 相间的化学性质和生长动力学。事实证明，在 LixSi|LPSC 界面形成的 Si 和/或 Si-P 化合物不利于高温下界面的稳定性。另一方面，高温下 Si 锂化引起的过度体积膨胀和局部应力破坏了 Si-LPSC 复合阳极的机械结构。这项研究阐明了硅基阳极在 SSB 中的高温行为和失效机理，并为升级硅基阳极在 SSB 中的应用提供了启示。
{"title":"Interface and mechanical degradation mechanisms of the silicon anode in sulfide-based solid-state batteries at high temperatures","authors":"Qiuchen Wang, Yuli Huang, Jing Xu, Xiqian Yu, Hong Li, Liquan Chen","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad5276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad5276","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon (Si) is a competitive anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential. Recently, the prospect of Si anodes in solid-state batteries (SSBs) has been proposed due to less solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and particle pulverization. However, major challenges arise for Si anodes in SSBs at elevated temperatures. In this work, the failure mechanisms of Si-Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl (LPSC) composite anodes above 80 °C are thoroughly investigated from the perspectives of interface stability and (electro)chemo-mechanical effect. The chemistry and growth kinetics of Li<sub><italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic></sub>Si|LPSC interphase are demonstrated by combining electrochemical, chemical and computational characterizations. Si and/or Si–P compound formed at Li<sub><italic toggle=\"yes\">x</italic></sub>Si|LPSC interface prove to be detrimental to interface stability at high temperatures. On the other hand, excessive volume expansion and local stress caused by Si lithiation at high temperatures damage the mechanical structure of Si-LPSC composite anodes. This work elucidates the behavior and failure mechanisms of Si-based anodes in SSBs at high temperatures and provides insights into upgrading Si-based anodes for application in SSBs.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) piezoelectric ceramics have excellent piezoelectric properties and are used in a wide range of applications. Adjusting the solid solution ratios of PMN/PT and different concentrations of elemental doping are the main methods to modulate their piezoelectric coefficients. The combination of these controllable conditions leads to an exponential increase of possible compositions in ceramics, which makes it not easy to extend the sample data by additional experimental or theoretical calculations. In this paper, a physics-embedded machine learning method is proposed to overcome the difficulties in obtaining piezoelectric coefficients and Curie temperatures of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics with different components. In contrast to all-data-driven model, physics-embedded machine learning is able to learn nonlinear variation rules based on small datasets through potential correlation between ferroelectric properties. Based on the model outputs, the positions of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) with different Sm doping amounts are explored. We also find the components with the best piezoelectric property and comprehensive performance. Moreover, we set up a database according to the obtained results, through which we can quickly find the optimal components of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics according to our specific needs.
铅（镁1/3铌2/3）O3-铅钛氧化物（PMN-PT）压电陶瓷具有优异的压电特性，应用广泛。调整 PMN/PT 的固溶体比率和不同浓度的元素掺杂是调节其压电系数的主要方法。这些可控条件的结合导致陶瓷中可能存在的成分呈指数级增长，这使得通过额外的实验或理论计算来扩展样本数据并非易事。本文提出了一种物理嵌入式机器学习方法，以克服获取不同成分的 Sm 掺杂 PMN-PT 陶瓷的压电系数和居里温度的困难。与全数据驱动模型相比，物理嵌入式机器学习能够通过铁电特性之间的潜在相关性学习基于小数据集的非线性变化规则。根据模型输出，我们探索了不同 Sm 掺杂量下的形态相边界 (MPB) 位置。我们还找到了具有最佳压电特性和综合性能的元件。此外，我们还根据获得的结果建立了一个数据库，通过该数据库，我们可以根据具体需求快速找到掺杂 Sm 的 PMN-PT 陶瓷的最佳成分。
{"title":"Physics-embedded machine learning search for Sm-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramics with high performance","authors":"Rui Xin, Yaqi Wang, Ze Fang, Fengji Zheng, Wen Gao, Dashi Fu, Guoqing Shi, Jian-Yi Liu, Yongcheng Zhang","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad51f3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad51f3","url":null,"abstract":"Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>–PbTiO<sub>3</sub> (PMN-PT) piezoelectric ceramics have excellent piezoelectric properties and are used in a wide range of applications. Adjusting the solid solution ratios of PMN/PT and different concentrations of elemental doping are the main methods to modulate their piezoelectric coefficients. The combination of these controllable conditions leads to an exponential increase of possible compositions in ceramics, which makes it not easy to extend the sample data by additional experimental or theoretical calculations. In this paper, a physics-embedded machine learning method is proposed to overcome the difficulties in obtaining piezoelectric coefficients and Curie temperatures of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics with different components. In contrast to all-data-driven model, physics-embedded machine learning is able to learn nonlinear variation rules based on small datasets through potential correlation between ferroelectric properties. Based on the model outputs, the positions of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) with different Sm doping amounts are explored. We also find the components with the best piezoelectric property and comprehensive performance. Moreover, we set up a database according to the obtained results, through which we can quickly find the optimal components of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics according to our specific needs.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad3c32
Chengchen Li, Yi Cui, Weiqiang Yu, Rong Yu
Motivated by recent experimental progress on the quasi-one-dimensional quantum magnet NiNb2O6, we study the spin dynamics of an S = 1 ferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with single-ion anisotropy by using a semiclassical molecular dynamics approach. This system undergoes a quantum phase transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic state under a transverse magnetic field, and the magnetic response reflecting this transition is well described by our semiclassical method. We show that at low temperature the transverse component of the dynamical structure factor depicts clearly the magnon dispersion, and the longitudinal component exhibits two continua associated with single- and two-magnon excitations, respectively. These spin excitation spectra show interesting temperature dependence as effects of magnon interactions. Our findings shed light on the experimental detection of spin excitations in a large class of quasi-one-dimensional magnets.
受准一维量子磁体 NiNb2O6 最新实验进展的启发，我们采用半经典分子动力学方法研究了具有单离子各向异性的 S = 1 铁磁性海森堡链的自旋动力学。该体系在横向磁场作用下经历了从铁磁态到顺磁态的量子相变，我们的半经典方法很好地描述了反映这一转变的磁响应。我们的研究表明，在低温条件下，动力学结构因子的横向分量清晰地描绘了磁子色散，而纵向分量则呈现出分别与单磁子和双磁子激发相关的两个连续。由于磁子相互作用的影响，这些自旋激发光谱显示出有趣的温度依赖性。我们的发现揭示了在一大类准一维磁体中自旋激发的实验探测。
{"title":"Semiclassical approach to spin dynamics of a ferromagnetic S = 1 chain","authors":"Chengchen Li, Yi Cui, Weiqiang Yu, Rong Yu","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad3c32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad3c32","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by recent experimental progress on the quasi-one-dimensional quantum magnet NiNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, we study the spin dynamics of an <italic toggle=\"yes\">S</italic> = 1 ferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with single-ion anisotropy by using a semiclassical molecular dynamics approach. This system undergoes a quantum phase transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic state under a transverse magnetic field, and the magnetic response reflecting this transition is well described by our semiclassical method. We show that at low temperature the transverse component of the dynamical structure factor depicts clearly the magnon dispersion, and the longitudinal component exhibits two continua associated with single- and two-magnon excitations, respectively. These spin excitation spectra show interesting temperature dependence as effects of magnon interactions. Our findings shed light on the experimental detection of spin excitations in a large class of quasi-one-dimensional magnets.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad2f1f
Geng-Biao Wei, 庚彪 韦, Liu Ye, 柳 叶, Dong Wang and 栋 王
We investigate the effectiveness of entropic uncertainty, entanglement and steering in discerning quantum phase transitions (QPTs). Specifically, we observe significant fluctuations in entropic uncertainty as the driving parameter traverses the phase transition point. It is observed that the entropic uncertainty, entanglement and quantum steering, based on the electron distribution probability, can serve as indicators for detecting QPTs. Notably, we reveal an intriguing anticorrelation relationship between entropic uncertainty and entanglement in the Aubry–André model. Moreover, we explore the feasibility of detecting a QPT when the period parameter is a rational number. These observations open up new and efficient avenues for probing QPTs.
{"title":"Detecting the quantum phase transition from the perspective of quantum information in the Aubry–André model","authors":"Geng-Biao Wei, 庚彪 韦, Liu Ye, 柳 叶, Dong Wang and 栋 王","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad2f1f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad2f1f","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the effectiveness of entropic uncertainty, entanglement and steering in discerning quantum phase transitions (QPTs). Specifically, we observe significant fluctuations in entropic uncertainty as the driving parameter traverses the phase transition point. It is observed that the entropic uncertainty, entanglement and quantum steering, based on the electron distribution probability, can serve as indicators for detecting QPTs. Notably, we reveal an intriguing anticorrelation relationship between entropic uncertainty and entanglement in the Aubry–André model. Moreover, we explore the feasibility of detecting a QPT when the period parameter is a rational number. These observations open up new and efficient avenues for probing QPTs.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad3342
Ping-Hui Mou, 平辉 牟, Qing-Quan Jiang, 青权 蒋, Ke-Jian He, 柯腱 何, Guo-Ping Li and 国平 李
By considering the negative cosmological constant Λ as a thermodynamic pressure, we study the thermodynamics and phase transitions of the D-dimensional dyonic AdS black holes (BHs) with quasitopological electromagnetism in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. The results indicate that the small/large BH phase transition that is similar to the van der Waals (vdW) liquid/gas phase transition always exists for any spacetime dimensions. Interestingly, we then find that this BH system exhibits a more complex phase structure in 6-dimensional case that is missed in other dimensions. Specifically, it shows for D = 6 that we observed the small/intermediate/large BH phase transitions in a specific parameter region with the triple point naturally appeared. Moreover, when the magnetic charge turned off, we still observed the small/intermediate/large BH phase transitions and triple point only in 6-dimensional spacetime, which is consistent with the previous results. However, for the dyonic AdS BHs with quasitopological electromagnetism in Einstein–Born–Infeld (EBI) gravity, the novel phase structure composed of two separate coexistence curves observed by Li et al. [Phys. Rev. D105 104048 (2022)] disappeared in EGB gravity. This implies that this novel phase structure is closely related to gravity theories, and seems to have nothing to do with the effect of quasitopological electromagnetism. In addition, it is also true that the critical exponents calculated near the critical points possess identical values as mean field theory. Finally, we conclude that these findings shall provide some deep insights into the intriguing thermodynamic properties of the dyonic AdS BHs with quasitopological electromagnetism in EGB gravity.
{"title":"Triple points and phase transitions of D-dimensional dyonic AdS black holes with quasitopological electromagnetism in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity","authors":"Ping-Hui Mou, 平辉 牟, Qing-Quan Jiang, 青权 蒋, Ke-Jian He, 柯腱 何, Guo-Ping Li and 国平 李","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad3342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad3342","url":null,"abstract":"By considering the negative cosmological constant Λ as a thermodynamic pressure, we study the thermodynamics and phase transitions of the D-dimensional dyonic AdS black holes (BHs) with quasitopological electromagnetism in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. The results indicate that the small/large BH phase transition that is similar to the van der Waals (vdW) liquid/gas phase transition always exists for any spacetime dimensions. Interestingly, we then find that this BH system exhibits a more complex phase structure in 6-dimensional case that is missed in other dimensions. Specifically, it shows for D = 6 that we observed the small/intermediate/large BH phase transitions in a specific parameter region with the triple point naturally appeared. Moreover, when the magnetic charge turned off, we still observed the small/intermediate/large BH phase transitions and triple point only in 6-dimensional spacetime, which is consistent with the previous results. However, for the dyonic AdS BHs with quasitopological electromagnetism in Einstein–Born–Infeld (EBI) gravity, the novel phase structure composed of two separate coexistence curves observed by Li et al. [Phys. Rev. D105 104048 (2022)] disappeared in EGB gravity. This implies that this novel phase structure is closely related to gravity theories, and seems to have nothing to do with the effect of quasitopological electromagnetism. In addition, it is also true that the critical exponents calculated near the critical points possess identical values as mean field theory. Finally, we conclude that these findings shall provide some deep insights into the intriguing thermodynamic properties of the dyonic AdS BHs with quasitopological electromagnetism in EGB gravity.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Compared with well-developed free space polarization converters, polarization conversion between TE and TM modes in the waveguide is generally considered to be caused by shape birefringence, like curvature, morphology of waveguide cross section and scattering. Here, we study the polarization conversion mechanism in 1-THz-FSR X-cut lithium niobate microrings with multiple-resonance condition, that is the conversion can be implemented by birefringence of waveguides, which will also introduce an avoided-mode crossing. In the experiment, we find that this mode crossing results in severe suppression of one sideband in local nondegenerate four-wave mixing and disrupts the cascaded four-wave mixing on this side. Simultaneously, we propose one two-dimensional method to simulate the eigenmodes (TE and TM) in X-cut microrings, and the mode crossing point. This work will provide one approach to the design of polarization converters and simulation for monolithic photonics integrated circuits, and may be helpful to the studies of missed temporal dissipative soliton formation in X-cut lithium niobate rings.
与成熟的自由空间偏振转换器相比，波导中 TE 和 TM 模式之间的偏振转换通常被认为是由形状双折射引起的，如波导截面的曲率、形态和散射。在此，我们研究了具有多重共振条件的 1-THz-FSR X 切口铌酸锂微镜中的极化转换机制，即转换可以通过波导的双折射来实现，这也将引入避免模式交叉。在实验中，我们发现这种模式交叉会严重抑制局部非enerate 四波混合中的一个边带，并破坏这一侧的级联四波混合。同时，我们提出了一种二维方法来模拟 X 切微晶中的特征模（TE 和 TM）以及模式交叉点。这项工作将为偏振转换器的设计和单片光子集成电路的模拟提供一种方法，并可能有助于研究 X 切面铌酸锂环中漏失时耗散孤子的形成。
{"title":"Intrinsic polarization conversion and avoided-mode crossing in X-cut lithium niobate microrings","authors":"Zelin Tan, Jianfa Zhang, Zhihong Zhu, Wei Chen, Zhengzheng Shao, Ken Liu, Shiqiao Qin","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad47b2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad47b2","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with well-developed free space polarization converters, polarization conversion between TE and TM modes in the waveguide is generally considered to be caused by shape birefringence, like curvature, morphology of waveguide cross section and scattering. Here, we study the polarization conversion mechanism in 1-THz-FSR X-cut lithium niobate microrings with multiple-resonance condition, that is the conversion can be implemented by birefringence of waveguides, which will also introduce an avoided-mode crossing. In the experiment, we find that this mode crossing results in severe suppression of one sideband in local nondegenerate four-wave mixing and disrupts the cascaded four-wave mixing on this side. Simultaneously, we propose one two-dimensional method to simulate the eigenmodes (TE and TM) in X-cut microrings, and the mode crossing point. This work will provide one approach to the design of polarization converters and simulation for monolithic photonics integrated circuits, and may be helpful to the studies of missed temporal dissipative soliton formation in X-cut lithium niobate rings.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141189745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad39ca
Dangxin Mao, Yuan-Yan Wu, Yusong Tu
The hydroxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayer (OH-SAM), as a surface resistant to protein adsorption, exhibits substantial potential in applications such as ship navigation and medical implants, and the appropriate strategies for designing anti-fouling surfaces are crucial. Here, we employ molecular dynamics simulations and alchemical free energy calculations to systematically analyze the factors influencing resistance to protein adsorption on the SAMs terminated with single or double OH groups at three packing densities (Σ = 2.0 nm−2, 4.5 nm−2, and 6.5 nm−2), respectively. For the first time, we observed that the compactness and order of interfacial water enhance its physical barrier effect, subsequently enhancing the resistance of SAM to protein adsorption. Notably, the spatial hindrance effect of SAM leads to the embedding of protein into SAM, resulting in a lack of resistance of SAM towards protein. Furthermore, the number of hydroxyl groups per unit area of double OH-terminated SAM at Σ = 6.5 nm−2 is approximately 2 to 3 times that of single OH-terminated SAM at Σ = 6.5 nm−2 and 4.5 nm−2, consequently yielding a weaker resistance of double OH-terminated SAM towards protein. Meanwhile, due to the structure of SAM itself, i.e., the formation of a nearly perfect ice-like hydrogen bond structure, the SAM exhibits the weakest resistance towards protein. This study will complement and improve the mechanism of OH-SAM resistance to protein adsorption, especially the traditional barrier effect of interfacial water.
羟基末端自组装单分子层（OH-SAM）作为一种抗蛋白质吸附的表面，在船舶导航和医疗植入物等应用领域展现出巨大的潜力，而设计抗污表面的适当策略至关重要。在此，我们采用分子动力学模拟和炼金术自由能计算方法，系统分析了在三种堆积密度（Σ = 2.0 nm-2、4.5 nm-2 和 6.5 nm-2）下，以单羟基或双羟基终止的 SAMs 对蛋白质吸附阻力的影响因素。我们首次观察到，界面水的致密性和有序性增强了其物理屏障效应，从而提高了 SAM 对蛋白质的吸附阻力。值得注意的是，SAM 的空间阻碍效应导致蛋白质嵌入 SAM，从而使 SAM 对蛋白质缺乏阻力。此外，在 Σ = 6.5 nm-2 和 4.5 nm-2 时，双羟基封端 SAM 单位面积上的羟基数量大约是单羟基封端 SAM 的 2 至 3 倍，因此双羟基封端 SAM 对蛋白质的阻力较弱。同时，由于 SAM 本身的结构，即形成了近乎完美的冰状氢键结构，SAM 对蛋白质的抗性最弱。这项研究将补充和完善 OH-SAM 抵抗蛋白质吸附的机理，尤其是传统的界面水阻挡效应。
{"title":"Factors resisting protein adsorption on hydrophilic/hydrophobic self-assembled monolayers terminated with hydrophilic hydroxyl groups","authors":"Dangxin Mao, Yuan-Yan Wu, Yusong Tu","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad39ca","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad39ca","url":null,"abstract":"The hydroxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayer (OH-SAM), as a surface resistant to protein adsorption, exhibits substantial potential in applications such as ship navigation and medical implants, and the appropriate strategies for designing anti-fouling surfaces are crucial. Here, we employ molecular dynamics simulations and alchemical free energy calculations to systematically analyze the factors influencing resistance to protein adsorption on the SAMs terminated with single or double OH groups at three packing densities (<italic toggle=\"yes\">Σ</italic> = 2.0 nm<sup>−2</sup>, 4.5 nm<sup>−2</sup>, and 6.5 nm<sup>−2</sup>), respectively. For the first time, we observed that the compactness and order of interfacial water enhance its physical barrier effect, subsequently enhancing the resistance of SAM to protein adsorption. Notably, the spatial hindrance effect of SAM leads to the embedding of protein into SAM, resulting in a lack of resistance of SAM towards protein. Furthermore, the number of hydroxyl groups per unit area of double OH-terminated SAM at <italic toggle=\"yes\">Σ</italic> = 6.5 nm<sup>−2</sup> is approximately 2 to 3 times that of single OH-terminated SAM at <italic toggle=\"yes\">Σ</italic> = 6.5 nm<sup>−2</sup> and 4.5 nm<sup>−2</sup>, consequently yielding a weaker resistance of double OH-terminated SAM towards protein. Meanwhile, due to the structure of SAM itself, i.e., the formation of a nearly perfect ice-like hydrogen bond structure, the SAM exhibits the weakest resistance towards protein. This study will complement and improve the mechanism of OH-SAM resistance to protein adsorption, especially the traditional barrier effect of interfacial water.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141189759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad342c
Xin Guan, Bingyan Huo, Gang Chen
Topological insulators occupy a prominent position in the realm of condensed matter physics. Nevertheless, the presence of strong disorder has the potential to disrupt the integrity of topological states, leading to the localization of all states. This study delves into the intricate interplay between topology and localization within the one-dimensional Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model, which incorporates controllable off-diagonal quasi-periodic modulations on superconducting circuits. Through the application of external alternating current (ac) magnetic fluxes, each transmon undergoes controlled driving, enabling independent tuning of all coupling strengths. Within a framework of this model, we construct comprehensive phase diagrams delineating regions characterized by extended topologically nontrivial states, critical localization, and co-existing topological and critical localization phases. The paper also addresses the dynamics of qubit excitations, elucidating distinct quantum state transfers resulting from the intricate interplay between topology and localization. Additionally, we propose a method for detecting diverse quantum phases utilizing existing experimental setups.
{"title":"Interplay between topology and localization on superconducting circuits","authors":"Xin Guan, Bingyan Huo, Gang Chen","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad342c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad342c","url":null,"abstract":"Topological insulators occupy a prominent position in the realm of condensed matter physics. Nevertheless, the presence of strong disorder has the potential to disrupt the integrity of topological states, leading to the localization of all states. This study delves into the intricate interplay between topology and localization within the one-dimensional Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model, which incorporates controllable off-diagonal quasi-periodic modulations on superconducting circuits. Through the application of external alternating current (ac) magnetic fluxes, each transmon undergoes controlled driving, enabling independent tuning of all coupling strengths. Within a framework of this model, we construct comprehensive phase diagrams delineating regions characterized by extended topologically nontrivial states, critical localization, and co-existing topological and critical localization phases. The paper also addresses the dynamics of qubit excitations, elucidating distinct quantum state transfers resulting from the intricate interplay between topology and localization. Additionally, we propose a method for detecting diverse quantum phases utilizing existing experimental setups.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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