Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763097
V. Barhate, K. Thakre, M. Deshmukh
Power Transformer is one of the critical and vital links to maintain uninterrupted power supply in the power systems. With growing demands in power system it is necessary to have a speedy and reliable protection module which should quickly initiate the tripping during internal faults and should be stable to avoid tripping during inrush, over excitation and external faults. The work reported in this paper demonstrates the use of Fuzzy Logic code written in 16-bit Digital Signal controller (dsPIC DSC) for implementation of percentage differential Relay with inrush detector as a part of Power Transformer protection. There is flexibility to generate various percentage bias characteristics having varying slope and capability to discriminate Inrush and fault Currents to avoid false tripping. The laboratory model is developed to test Differential relay with real time signals replacing CTs' by Current Transducers LEM-HXS in primary and secondary of three phase transformer interfaced with Digital signal controller which acts as a Differential relay controlled by Fuzzy Logic Code in C. The performance of this Adaptable Differential relay with stand alone model is having capacity to generate fast tripping signal with good accuracy.
{"title":"Adaptable differential relay using fuzzy logic code in digital signal controller for transformer protection","authors":"V. Barhate, K. Thakre, M. Deshmukh","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763097","url":null,"abstract":"Power Transformer is one of the critical and vital links to maintain uninterrupted power supply in the power systems. With growing demands in power system it is necessary to have a speedy and reliable protection module which should quickly initiate the tripping during internal faults and should be stable to avoid tripping during inrush, over excitation and external faults. The work reported in this paper demonstrates the use of Fuzzy Logic code written in 16-bit Digital Signal controller (dsPIC DSC) for implementation of percentage differential Relay with inrush detector as a part of Power Transformer protection. There is flexibility to generate various percentage bias characteristics having varying slope and capability to discriminate Inrush and fault Currents to avoid false tripping. The laboratory model is developed to test Differential relay with real time signals replacing CTs' by Current Transducers LEM-HXS in primary and secondary of three phase transformer interfaced with Digital signal controller which acts as a Differential relay controlled by Fuzzy Logic Code in C. The performance of this Adaptable Differential relay with stand alone model is having capacity to generate fast tripping signal with good accuracy.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132797438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763078
J. Survilo, S. Beryozkina
Secure and long-term supplies of low-cost feedstocks are critical to the economics of biomass power plants. Provided that the distribution of electricity and heat infrastructure already exists, cogeneration plant (CHP) costs depend mainly on the investment, biomass distribution density and price as well as biomass transportation cost. On sufficiently large space it is possible to operate with the average values of biomass density. The cost of transportation depends on the size of biomass collection territory, which monotonically increases with collection territory growth. The benefit index - ratio of CHP income to expanses - is the maximum at some optimum value of the territory. Proposed model of transportation cost allows optimizing the size of territory feeding the cogeneration plant with biomass.
{"title":"Optimal territory of renewable fuel collection for cogeneration plant","authors":"J. Survilo, S. Beryozkina","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763078","url":null,"abstract":"Secure and long-term supplies of low-cost feedstocks are critical to the economics of biomass power plants. Provided that the distribution of electricity and heat infrastructure already exists, cogeneration plant (CHP) costs depend mainly on the investment, biomass distribution density and price as well as biomass transportation cost. On sufficiently large space it is possible to operate with the average values of biomass density. The cost of transportation depends on the size of biomass collection territory, which monotonically increases with collection territory growth. The benefit index - ratio of CHP income to expanses - is the maximum at some optimum value of the territory. Proposed model of transportation cost allows optimizing the size of territory feeding the cogeneration plant with biomass.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115141661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763116
A. Fedotov, R. Abdullazyanov, G. Vagapov, L. Gračkova
Long-term single-phase ground fault in overhead 6-35 kV power lines with isolated neutral, accompanied by intermittent arc, lead to overvoltage and damage of electrical equipment. In turn, precise localisation of the damaged sections of the overhead power lines is a challenging task, as external inspection of power lines takes a lot of time, effort and resources, depending on the surrounding conditions or the access difficulty of the lines. The present paper proposes to apply the theory of using the property of long lines - to increase the voltage at the open-circuit, when the length of a transmission is quarter of a wavelength. The analysis of the conducted research has shown that the higher harmonics generated by the arcing fault on certain frequency serve as a source of voltage increase at the step-down substation. In addition, frequency and amplitude of the "resonance" harmonics allow identifying the damaged area of the power line in the electrical grids with tree-like topology.
{"title":"Detection of places of single-phase ground fault by frequency of the resonance","authors":"A. Fedotov, R. Abdullazyanov, G. Vagapov, L. Gračkova","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763116","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term single-phase ground fault in overhead 6-35 kV power lines with isolated neutral, accompanied by intermittent arc, lead to overvoltage and damage of electrical equipment. In turn, precise localisation of the damaged sections of the overhead power lines is a challenging task, as external inspection of power lines takes a lot of time, effort and resources, depending on the surrounding conditions or the access difficulty of the lines. The present paper proposes to apply the theory of using the property of long lines - to increase the voltage at the open-circuit, when the length of a transmission is quarter of a wavelength. The analysis of the conducted research has shown that the higher harmonics generated by the arcing fault on certain frequency serve as a source of voltage increase at the step-down substation. In addition, frequency and amplitude of the \"resonance\" harmonics allow identifying the damaged area of the power line in the electrical grids with tree-like topology.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130741473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763132
Ivars Alps, M. Gorobetz, A. Beinarovica, A. Levchenkov
This study is dedicated to optimize the electric transport traffic by adjusting timetables using evolutionary algorithms and scheduling theory. Developed multiple criteria objective function's energy consumption criterion is used for the assessment of adjusted schedules. The scheduling results of immune algorithm is compared with results of genetic algorithm by providing better energy saving effect and eliminating of schedules overlapping. This article also discusses one of the possible energy savings - proper planning of transport operations. It is considered on the railway irregular transportation operations example.
{"title":"Immune algorithm and intelligent devices for schedule overlap prevention in electric transport","authors":"Ivars Alps, M. Gorobetz, A. Beinarovica, A. Levchenkov","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763132","url":null,"abstract":"This study is dedicated to optimize the electric transport traffic by adjusting timetables using evolutionary algorithms and scheduling theory. Developed multiple criteria objective function's energy consumption criterion is used for the assessment of adjusted schedules. The scheduling results of immune algorithm is compared with results of genetic algorithm by providing better energy saving effect and eliminating of schedules overlapping. This article also discusses one of the possible energy savings - proper planning of transport operations. It is considered on the railway irregular transportation operations example.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127055435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763076
M. Aydin, Ramazan Coban
In recent years, sliding mode control has become a preferred because of its convenience and robustness. And sliding mode control techniques have been commonly employed in a various applications. In this study, the Precision Modular Servo (PMS) setup produced by Feedback is used and the sliding mode controller is designed to control the real time speed of the PMS. Lyapunov stability theorem is used to ensure the stability of the system. Saturation function is preferred to overcome the chattering phenomenon. The results obtained from the real application are compared with those from simulation in dynamic responses of the closed-loop control system. The experimental results confirm that the offered controller provides suitable tracking performance.
{"title":"Sliding mode control design and experimental application to an electromechanical plant","authors":"M. Aydin, Ramazan Coban","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763076","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, sliding mode control has become a preferred because of its convenience and robustness. And sliding mode control techniques have been commonly employed in a various applications. In this study, the Precision Modular Servo (PMS) setup produced by Feedback is used and the sliding mode controller is designed to control the real time speed of the PMS. Lyapunov stability theorem is used to ensure the stability of the system. Saturation function is preferred to overcome the chattering phenomenon. The results obtained from the real application are compared with those from simulation in dynamic responses of the closed-loop control system. The experimental results confirm that the offered controller provides suitable tracking performance.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133499010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763081
P. Ivanova, A. Sauhats, O. Linkevičs
New running conditions of power plants - provoked by volatility of market price and integration of variable renewable energy sources (RES) into energy production process - refer to frequent start-ups (run-ups) and shut-downs, which are costly and detrimental. The procedure of run-up is more adverse than the shut-down. The optimization of start-up is an essential feature to provide operational benefits and economic success of cogeneration units in a liberalized market. In this publication the run-ups of Riga CHP-2 plant are evaluated by analyzing operational data from condition monitoring system (CMS). The obtained results reflect that the improvement of cogeneration units' start-ups is necessary. The weakest points of it are marked and potential options of upgrades are noted. Also the study about shut-downs is provided in this research work.
{"title":"Towards optimization of combined cycle power plants' start-ups and shut-down","authors":"P. Ivanova, A. Sauhats, O. Linkevičs","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763081","url":null,"abstract":"New running conditions of power plants - provoked by volatility of market price and integration of variable renewable energy sources (RES) into energy production process - refer to frequent start-ups (run-ups) and shut-downs, which are costly and detrimental. The procedure of run-up is more adverse than the shut-down. The optimization of start-up is an essential feature to provide operational benefits and economic success of cogeneration units in a liberalized market. In this publication the run-ups of Riga CHP-2 plant are evaluated by analyzing operational data from condition monitoring system (CMS). The obtained results reflect that the improvement of cogeneration units' start-ups is necessary. The weakest points of it are marked and potential options of upgrades are noted. Also the study about shut-downs is provided in this research work.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116088571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763150
R. Oļekšijs, Antanas Sauhatas
This paper analyzes possibilities to reduce costs for existing illumination system of building hallways and stairways without significant interference and rebuilding of existing lighting system. Main aim is to minimize all costs, not only electricity costs. Three solutions are compared: provide lighting system with sensors and use existing lamping, replace existing lamps with LED lamps and use of LED lamps with sensors. Example of simple calculation is provided.
{"title":"Hallways and stairways lighting system cost reduction","authors":"R. Oļekšijs, Antanas Sauhatas","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763150","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes possibilities to reduce costs for existing illumination system of building hallways and stairways without significant interference and rebuilding of existing lighting system. Main aim is to minimize all costs, not only electricity costs. Three solutions are compared: provide lighting system with sensors and use existing lamping, replace existing lamps with LED lamps and use of LED lamps with sensors. Example of simple calculation is provided.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"282 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127494789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763100
S. Eroshenko, V. Samoylenko, A. Pazderin, Pavel Y. Bannykh
Nowadays bulk power system perspective development plans became ineffective, because they do not account for distributed generation implementation, the share of which in total power balance grows steadily from year to year. The paper presents the methodology for existing and prospective distributed generation installed capacity assessment, which combines power statistics, economic and geographical methods. Proposed methodology is based on technological, economic, sociopolitical criteria analysis. From technical point of view, much attention is given to existing power system technical state assessment, including substation available capacity and distribution feeders' carrying capacity limits. In economic sense, except for direct relationship between economic and energy sector development rates, the approach provides for distributed generation installed capacity ranging in accordance with the sphere of its application, namely, the type of the enterprise and the field of industry. It is suitable to estimate to discover the total distributed generation installed capacity and to predict the main centers of distributed generation interconnection. All the calculations are illustrated numerically on the basis of the real regional power system.
{"title":"Power system zoning for distributed generation implementation forecasting","authors":"S. Eroshenko, V. Samoylenko, A. Pazderin, Pavel Y. Bannykh","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763100","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays bulk power system perspective development plans became ineffective, because they do not account for distributed generation implementation, the share of which in total power balance grows steadily from year to year. The paper presents the methodology for existing and prospective distributed generation installed capacity assessment, which combines power statistics, economic and geographical methods. Proposed methodology is based on technological, economic, sociopolitical criteria analysis. From technical point of view, much attention is given to existing power system technical state assessment, including substation available capacity and distribution feeders' carrying capacity limits. In economic sense, except for direct relationship between economic and energy sector development rates, the approach provides for distributed generation installed capacity ranging in accordance with the sphere of its application, namely, the type of the enterprise and the field of industry. It is suitable to estimate to discover the total distributed generation installed capacity and to predict the main centers of distributed generation interconnection. All the calculations are illustrated numerically on the basis of the real regional power system.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123516249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763130
Gints Poišs, S. Vītoliņa, J. Mārks
Risk assessment for power transformers has long been an effective tool to analyze transformer conditions in order to prevent damage on transformers, extend transformer's life time and reduce maintenance costs. Various parameters can be evaluated, and decision can be made manually or with the help of mathematical model. A new mathematical risk-assessment model for power transformers is being developed for power system in Latvia, based on specific maintenance features and 4 indicators: dissolved gas analysis; oil analysis, electrical measurements and operation history. This paper specifies oil analysis as one of the indicators of regular risk assessment of power transformers. Development of this indicator is presented based on traditional binary evaluation algorithm combined with fuzzy logic, and as a case study results of oil parameters from different transformers are analyzed and discussed.
{"title":"Development of indicator based on oil analysis for estimating risk level of power transformers","authors":"Gints Poišs, S. Vītoliņa, J. Mārks","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763130","url":null,"abstract":"Risk assessment for power transformers has long been an effective tool to analyze transformer conditions in order to prevent damage on transformers, extend transformer's life time and reduce maintenance costs. Various parameters can be evaluated, and decision can be made manually or with the help of mathematical model. A new mathematical risk-assessment model for power transformers is being developed for power system in Latvia, based on specific maintenance features and 4 indicators: dissolved gas analysis; oil analysis, electrical measurements and operation history. This paper specifies oil analysis as one of the indicators of regular risk assessment of power transformers. Development of this indicator is presented based on traditional binary evaluation algorithm combined with fuzzy logic, and as a case study results of oil parameters from different transformers are analyzed and discussed.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130438160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763110
A. Riepnieks, H. Kirkham
The measurement of amplitude, frequency, rate-of-change of frequency, and phase of an alternating waveform is the purpose of the Phasor Measurement Unit, PMU. Performance requirements, specified by standard, are tested with constant values of each of these parameters, using a synthetic waveform with values that are precisely known. However, device performance requirements are not defined during transitions from one set of values to another. We investigated measuring across a transition. Our investigation revealed something interesting about ROCOF, the rate of change of frequency. We conclude that until power system noise is better understood, the attempt to measure real-world ROCOF during a short PMU measurement window should be abandoned, but measurements during calibration transitions might still be possible and need not be excluded from the standard.
{"title":"Rate of change of frequency measurement","authors":"A. Riepnieks, H. Kirkham","doi":"10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTUCON.2016.7763110","url":null,"abstract":"The measurement of amplitude, frequency, rate-of-change of frequency, and phase of an alternating waveform is the purpose of the Phasor Measurement Unit, PMU. Performance requirements, specified by standard, are tested with constant values of each of these parameters, using a synthetic waveform with values that are precisely known. However, device performance requirements are not defined during transitions from one set of values to another. We investigated measuring across a transition. Our investigation revealed something interesting about ROCOF, the rate of change of frequency. We conclude that until power system noise is better understood, the attempt to measure real-world ROCOF during a short PMU measurement window should be abandoned, but measurements during calibration transitions might still be possible and need not be excluded from the standard.","PeriodicalId":102691,"journal":{"name":"2016 57th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120872341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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