{"title":"By an anniversary of the birth of Carl Adolph von Basedow – 221 years","authors":"I. Karlina, P. Nurmagomedova","doi":"10.14341/ket12540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/ket12540","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87481791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Б. Моргунова, Галина Афанасьевна Мельниченко, И. И. Дедов, V. Fadeev, T. Morgunova, G. Melnichenko, I. Dedov
Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine diseases. More than 99% of all cases of hypothyroidism in adults are due to primary hypothyroidism. Most often, hypothyroidism develops because of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, as well as after medical manipulations (iatrogenic hypothyroidism) — postoperative or as a result of therapy with radioactive iodine. The article presents a draft of clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism in different groups of patients, including pregnant women.
{"title":"Draft of the clinical recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism","authors":"Б. Моргунова, Галина Афанасьевна Мельниченко, И. И. Дедов, V. Fadeev, T. Morgunova, G. Melnichenko, I. Dedov","doi":"10.14341/ket12702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/ket12702","url":null,"abstract":"Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine diseases. More than 99% of all cases of hypothyroidism in adults are due to primary hypothyroidism. Most often, hypothyroidism develops because of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, as well as after medical manipulations (iatrogenic hypothyroidism) — postoperative or as a result of therapy with radioactive iodine. The article presents a draft of clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism in different groups of patients, including pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81673642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On February 12, 2021, endocrinologists of our country celebrate the anniversary of Ivan Ivanovich Dedov, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, President of the Endocrinology Research Centre, President of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists, chief freelance expert-endocrinologist of the Ministry of Health of Russia Ivan Ivanovich Dedov — a famous scientist who plays a key role in the organization and ideology of the country’s endocrinological service. The editorial board and editorial board of the journal «Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology» join the numerous congratulations addressed to Academician I.I. Dedov, wishing to continue to constantly implement his inspiring ideas and plans.
{"title":"On the Occasion of the Anniversary of Ivan I. Dedov","authors":"A. Editorial","doi":"10.14341/ket12705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/ket12705","url":null,"abstract":"On February 12, 2021, endocrinologists of our country celebrate the anniversary of Ivan Ivanovich Dedov, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, President of the Endocrinology Research Centre, President of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists, chief freelance expert-endocrinologist of the Ministry of Health of Russia Ivan Ivanovich Dedov — a famous scientist who plays a key role in the organization and ideology of the country’s endocrinological service. The editorial board and editorial board of the journal «Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology» join the numerous congratulations addressed to Academician I.I. Dedov, wishing to continue to constantly implement his inspiring ideas and plans.","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78627140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Troshina, E. S. Senyushkina, N. Makolina, F. M. Abdulkhabirova, L. Nikankina, N. Malysheva, Irina N. Repinskaya, Valentyna A. Divinskaya
Background: The article presents the results of a control and epidemiological study conducted in September 2020 by specialists of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC of Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, aimed at assessing the current state of iodine provision in the population of the Republic of Crimea. The study in Crimea is part of a number of activities and work carried out on behalf of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the framework of state assignments «Scientific assessment of the need for additional regulatory legal and other measures to eliminate iodine deficiency in pilot regions with severe iodine deficiency» and «Epidemiological and molecular-cellular characteristics of tumor, autoimmune and iodine deficiency thyropathies as a basis for prevention of complications and personalization of treatment.The data obtained reflect the state of the problem of iodine consumption on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula and indicate the relevance of the adoption of a regional preventive program aimed at eliminating iodine deficiency in the diet of the population and related diseases.Aim: Assessment of iodine supply of the population of the Republic of CrimeaMaterials and methods: The research was carried out in secondary schools of four districts of the Republic of Crimea — in the years. Simferopol, Belogorsk, Bakhchisarai and Saki.The volume of the study — 356 schoolchildren of 8-10 years old, all were completed: taking anamnesis and anthropometric parameters (height, weight), examination by an endocrinologist with palpation of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland), ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland (thyroid ultrasound), obtaining single portions of urine and samples of table salt (5-10 grams), which is used daily in the diet in their families. The measurements of the height and weight of the children by the standard method were carried out during the examination by a specialist. Thyroid ultrasound was performed in the supine position using a portable LOGIQe ultrasound machine (China) with a 10-15 MHz multifrequency linear transducer. All urine samples (n = 356) in disposable Eppendorf microtubes were immediately frozen at a temperature of minus 20-25°! for further determination of the concentration of iodine in urine using the cerium-arsenite method (based on the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Institution NMITs endocrinology «of the Ministry of Health of Russia). A qualitative study for the presence of potassium iodate in food table salt samples (n = 203) was carried out on site by the express method.Informed consent was obtained from all parents / guardians of children for the examination and processing of personal data. The permission of the local ethical committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC of Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia was received on March 25, 2020, No. 5.Results: According to the results of a survey of 356 c
{"title":"Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Current State of the Problem in the Republic of Crimea","authors":"E. Troshina, E. S. Senyushkina, N. Makolina, F. M. Abdulkhabirova, L. Nikankina, N. Malysheva, Irina N. Repinskaya, Valentyna A. Divinskaya","doi":"10.14341/KET12700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/KET12700","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The article presents the results of a control and epidemiological study conducted in September 2020 by specialists of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC of Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, aimed at assessing the current state of iodine provision in the population of the Republic of Crimea. The study in Crimea is part of a number of activities and work carried out on behalf of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the framework of state assignments «Scientific assessment of the need for additional regulatory legal and other measures to eliminate iodine deficiency in pilot regions with severe iodine deficiency» and «Epidemiological and molecular-cellular characteristics of tumor, autoimmune and iodine deficiency thyropathies as a basis for prevention of complications and personalization of treatment.The data obtained reflect the state of the problem of iodine consumption on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula and indicate the relevance of the adoption of a regional preventive program aimed at eliminating iodine deficiency in the diet of the population and related diseases.Aim: Assessment of iodine supply of the population of the Republic of CrimeaMaterials and methods: The research was carried out in secondary schools of four districts of the Republic of Crimea — in the years. Simferopol, Belogorsk, Bakhchisarai and Saki.The volume of the study — 356 schoolchildren of 8-10 years old, all were completed: taking anamnesis and anthropometric parameters (height, weight), examination by an endocrinologist with palpation of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland), ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland (thyroid ultrasound), obtaining single portions of urine and samples of table salt (5-10 grams), which is used daily in the diet in their families. The measurements of the height and weight of the children by the standard method were carried out during the examination by a specialist. Thyroid ultrasound was performed in the supine position using a portable LOGIQe ultrasound machine (China) with a 10-15 MHz multifrequency linear transducer. All urine samples (n = 356) in disposable Eppendorf microtubes were immediately frozen at a temperature of minus 20-25°! for further determination of the concentration of iodine in urine using the cerium-arsenite method (based on the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Institution NMITs endocrinology «of the Ministry of Health of Russia). A qualitative study for the presence of potassium iodate in food table salt samples (n = 203) was carried out on site by the express method.Informed consent was obtained from all parents / guardians of children for the examination and processing of personal data. The permission of the local ethical committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC of Endocrinology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia was received on March 25, 2020, No. 5.Results: According to the results of a survey of 356 c","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90059716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studying of the common links of pathogenesis of endocrine, autoimmune and oncological diseases is the area of interest of researchers from all countries of the world. Comprehension of artificially created mutual influences of molecular-genetic, immune factors that underlie the development and progression of endocrine tumors, primarily thyroid cancer, is important for creation and application of innovative treatment methods in oncoendocrinology.Today, the question of considering autoimmune diseases as a potential cause of oncological processes or on the contrary to consider them as protective conditions in some types of malignant tumors, remains controversial.In particular, autoimmune thyropathies and papillary thyroid cancer is an interesting model for studying these complex relationships. . The purpose of this article is to discuss accumulated experience, review the literature devoted to the study of immunological aspects in the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid cancer, reconsider obtained material and form a conclusion.
{"title":"Immunological aspects of papillary thyroid cancer. What's new?","authors":"E. Troshina, M. A. Terekhova, R. Akhmatova","doi":"10.14341/ket12695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/ket12695","url":null,"abstract":"Studying of the common links of pathogenesis of endocrine, autoimmune and oncological diseases is the area of interest of researchers from all countries of the world. Comprehension of artificially created mutual influences of molecular-genetic, immune factors that underlie the development and progression of endocrine tumors, primarily thyroid cancer, is important for creation and application of innovative treatment methods in oncoendocrinology.Today, the question of considering autoimmune diseases as a potential cause of oncological processes or on the contrary to consider them as protective conditions in some types of malignant tumors, remains controversial.In particular, autoimmune thyropathies and papillary thyroid cancer is an interesting model for studying these complex relationships. . The purpose of this article is to discuss accumulated experience, review the literature devoted to the study of immunological aspects in the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid cancer, reconsider obtained material and form a conclusion.","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79507648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine levels may change according to fasting — satiety status. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of satiety on TSH and free thyroxine levels.Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital. According to previous TSH and thyroxine levels, groups of 30, 30 and 60 participants were designated as subclinical hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism, and control groups respectively. To obtain TSH and thyroxine results first phlebotomy was performed at 8 am while participants were in fasting state. Then participants were allowed to have non-standardized breakfast. Second phlebotomy was performed at 10 am while participants were in non-fasting state. Paired t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the data.Results: The fasting TSH levels of the participants (2.57 ± 1.84 mlU/L) were significantly higher than the satiety TSH levels (2.04 ± 1.48 mlU/L) (t = 8.566, p < 0.001, d = 0.80). The fasting free thyroxine values (1.31 ± 0.38 mg/dl) of the participants were significantly lower than the satiety free thyroxine values (1.39 ± 0.35 mg/dl) (t = -1.988, p = 0.049, d = 0.20).Conclusion: Knowing how TSH and free thyroxine tests are affected by satiety has the power to affect treatment of many patients. Our study has shown that both TSH and free thyroxine levels changed significantly according to satiety status.
背景:促甲状腺激素(TSH)和甲状腺素水平可根据空腹饱腹状态发生变化。目的:本研究的目的是确定饱腹感对TSH和游离甲状腺素水平的影响。方法:本研究在某三级医院进行。根据受试者之前的TSH和甲状腺素水平，将30人、30人和60人分别分为亚临床甲状腺功能减退组、甲状腺功能减退组和对照组。为了获得TSH和甲状腺素的结果，首先在参与者空腹状态下于上午8点进行静脉切开术。然后参与者被允许吃非标准化的早餐。第二次放血于上午10点进行，受试者处于非禁食状态。采用配对t检验和方差分析对数据进行分析。结果:受试者空腹TSH水平(2.57±1.84 mlU/L)显著高于饱腹期TSH水平(2.04±1.48 mlU/L) (t = 8.566, p < 0.001, d = 0.80)。空腹游离甲状腺素值(1.31±0.38 mg/dl)显著低于饱腹期游离甲状腺素值(1.39±0.35 mg/dl) (t = -1.988, p = 0.049, d = 0.20)。结论:了解TSH和游离甲状腺素测试如何受饱腹感的影响，对许多患者的治疗有很大的影响。我们的研究表明，TSH和游离甲状腺素水平根据饱腹状态发生显著变化。
{"title":"Effect of satiety on TSH and free thyroxin levels in healthy individuals and patients with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism","authors":"M. G. Kilinçarslan, C. Çelik, E. Şahi̇n","doi":"10.14341/KET12691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/KET12691","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine levels may change according to fasting — satiety status. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of satiety on TSH and free thyroxine levels.Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary hospital. According to previous TSH and thyroxine levels, groups of 30, 30 and 60 participants were designated as subclinical hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism, and control groups respectively. To obtain TSH and thyroxine results first phlebotomy was performed at 8 am while participants were in fasting state. Then participants were allowed to have non-standardized breakfast. Second phlebotomy was performed at 10 am while participants were in non-fasting state. Paired t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the data.Results: The fasting TSH levels of the participants (2.57 ± 1.84 mlU/L) were significantly higher than the satiety TSH levels (2.04 ± 1.48 mlU/L) (t = 8.566, p < 0.001, d = 0.80). The fasting free thyroxine values (1.31 ± 0.38 mg/dl) of the participants were significantly lower than the satiety free thyroxine values (1.39 ± 0.35 mg/dl) (t = -1.988, p = 0.049, d = 0.20).Conclusion: Knowing how TSH and free thyroxine tests are affected by satiety has the power to affect treatment of many patients. Our study has shown that both TSH and free thyroxine levels changed significantly according to satiety status.","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83238294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, Cushing's syndrome (hypercortisolism) and its manifestations are well studied. The main symptoms of hyper-cortisolism are obesity, osteoporosis, cardiomyopathy, muscle atrophy, skin thinning and purple stretch marks (striae) on the body. In practice, obesity and osteoporosis are the most frequent symptoms that are found in 90% of cases. However, there are some patients with an implicit clinical picture of hypercorticism. Some cases might concomitant with exophthalmos. This review describes a rare symptom of hypercortisolism — exophthalmos. Exophthalmos is a pathological protruding of eyeballs. This symptom is known in the context of TED that occurs most commonly in patients with Graves' disease. The article compares the mechanisms of development of eye symptoms in Cushing's syndrome and thyroid diseases, especially the Graves' disease. It discusses possible molecular mechanisms leading to exophthalmia in patients with Cushing's syndrome. Factors affecting adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo are studied, in particular factors leading to an increase of orbital fatty tissue against of elevated cortisol levels. Hormonal signaling and transcription cascades responsible for adipocyte differentiation into mature fat cells are presented. Other orbital manifestations of hypercortisolism, which occur relatively rare in practice, are also discussed in the article. These include glaucoma as well as cataract, Lisha nodules and central serous chorioretinopathy. Clinical cases of Cushing's syndrome with different ocular manifestations are considered and appropriate conclusions have been drawn.
{"title":"Orbital manifestations of hypercorticism","authors":"M. Korchagina, A. Trukhin, N. Sviridenko","doi":"10.14341/KET12699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/KET12699","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, Cushing's syndrome (hypercortisolism) and its manifestations are well studied. The main symptoms of hyper-cortisolism are obesity, osteoporosis, cardiomyopathy, muscle atrophy, skin thinning and purple stretch marks (striae) on the body. In practice, obesity and osteoporosis are the most frequent symptoms that are found in 90% of cases. However, there are some patients with an implicit clinical picture of hypercorticism. Some cases might concomitant with exophthalmos. This review describes a rare symptom of hypercortisolism — exophthalmos. Exophthalmos is a pathological protruding of eyeballs. This symptom is known in the context of TED that occurs most commonly in patients with Graves' disease. The article compares the mechanisms of development of eye symptoms in Cushing's syndrome and thyroid diseases, especially the Graves' disease. It discusses possible molecular mechanisms leading to exophthalmia in patients with Cushing's syndrome. Factors affecting adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo are studied, in particular factors leading to an increase of orbital fatty tissue against of elevated cortisol levels. Hormonal signaling and transcription cascades responsible for adipocyte differentiation into mature fat cells are presented. Other orbital manifestations of hypercortisolism, which occur relatively rare in practice, are also discussed in the article. These include glaucoma as well as cataract, Lisha nodules and central serous chorioretinopathy. Clinical cases of Cushing's syndrome with different ocular manifestations are considered and appropriate conclusions have been drawn.","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85786760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thyroid dysfunction is relatively common in pregnancy. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) published its most recent guidelines regarding the management of thyroid disorders in pregnancy in 2017. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has recently published an updated practice bulletin for thyroid disease in pregnancy that supersedes its previous guidance published in 2015. A comparison of the similarities and differences between the clinical guidelines from the ATA and ACOG can serve to highlight areas of uncertainty where additional studies are needed and may also demonstrate areas where endocrinologists and obstetricians may elect differing approaches to clinical care. The ACOG and ATA guidelines recommend similar approaches to the interpretation of thyroid function testing during gestation and to the management of thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules, gestational thyrotoxicosis, and postpartum thyroiditis Both strongly recommend levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment for overtly hypothyroid pregnant women, and both recommend against the use of T3-containing thyroid hormone preparations when treating hypothyroidism in pregnancy.
{"title":"Comparison of ATA and Updated ACOG Guidelines for Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy. Russian translation","authors":"E. Pearce","doi":"10.14341/KET12556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/KET12556","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid dysfunction is relatively common in pregnancy. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) published its most recent guidelines regarding the management of thyroid disorders in pregnancy in 2017. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has recently published an updated practice bulletin for thyroid disease in pregnancy that supersedes its previous guidance published in 2015. A comparison of the similarities and differences between the clinical guidelines from the ATA and ACOG can serve to highlight areas of uncertainty where additional studies are needed and may also demonstrate areas where endocrinologists and obstetricians may elect differing approaches to clinical care. The ACOG and ATA guidelines recommend similar approaches to the interpretation of thyroid function testing during gestation and to the management of thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules, gestational thyrotoxicosis, and postpartum thyroiditis Both strongly recommend levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment for overtly hypothyroid pregnant women, and both recommend against the use of T3-containing thyroid hormone preparations when treating hypothyroidism in pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76648116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ekaterina I. Kim, D. A. Dimitrova, D. A. Dimitrova, Nino N. Katamadze, Tamara S. Dzantieva
Laboratory diagnosis of endocrine diseases has undergone many important changes over the past decades, despite the progress of thyroid function immunoassays technologies interferences cannot be completely excluded. These interferences can affect measurement of analyte which leads to misinterpretation and subsequent wrong clinical decisions, the probability of which is about 1%. However, the scale of the problem may be greater due to the lack of awareness to the problem among doctors and the lack of laboratory screening for interfering factors. These factors can be both endogenous and exogenous, bind both to antibodies to the analyte and to the reagent in the test system. The specificity of the immunoassay depends not only on the binding properties of antibodies, the activity of reagent, but also on the composition of the test system and the format of the methodology (non-competitive two-site or “sandwich” and competitive assays). This review provides a description of the main interferences that can affect the measurement of thyroid hormones, in particular thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and triiodothyronine, calcitonin, and demonstrates clinical cases reported in the literature over the past few years.
{"title":"Endogenous and exogenous interferences in thyroid function immunoassays","authors":"Ekaterina I. Kim, D. A. Dimitrova, D. A. Dimitrova, Nino N. Katamadze, Tamara S. Dzantieva","doi":"10.14341/KET12698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14341/KET12698","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratory diagnosis of endocrine diseases has undergone many important changes over the past decades, despite the progress of thyroid function immunoassays technologies interferences cannot be completely excluded. These interferences can affect measurement of analyte which leads to misinterpretation and subsequent wrong clinical decisions, the probability of which is about 1%. However, the scale of the problem may be greater due to the lack of awareness to the problem among doctors and the lack of laboratory screening for interfering factors. These factors can be both endogenous and exogenous, bind both to antibodies to the analyte and to the reagent in the test system. The specificity of the immunoassay depends not only on the binding properties of antibodies, the activity of reagent, but also on the composition of the test system and the format of the methodology (non-competitive two-site or “sandwich” and competitive assays).\u0000This review provides a description of the main interferences that can affect the measurement of thyroid hormones, in particular thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and triiodothyronine, calcitonin, and demonstrates clinical cases reported in the literature over the past few years.","PeriodicalId":10284,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental thyroidology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82095574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Екатерина Анатольевна Трошина, Евгения Семёновна Сенюшкина
About one third of the world’s population is deficient in one or more micronutrients, with the most common deficiencies in iodine, iron, zinc, vitamin A and folate. Deficiency of one or more essential vitamins and minerals is usually the result of poor nutrition and / or insufficient absorption of micronutrients as a result of infectious and inflammatory diseases. It is possible that the deficiency of certain trace elements, in turn, can aggravate iodine deficiency and contribute to dysfunction of the thyroid gland. There are assumptions about the relationship between the content of iodine, selenium, iron, zinc in the human body and the level of thyroid hormones. Zinc is a vital trace element for all living organisms, participating in many biochemical processes in cells, including cell differentiation and division, its growth, cell transport, transcription, protein synthesis, RNA and DNA synthesis, and DNA replication. Its role as an antioxidant and participation in the functioning of both innate (T, NK and NKT cells) and adaptive immunity (anti-inflammatory cytokines) are very important. This review will consider the role of zinc in the synthesis and metabolism of thyroid hormones.
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