Chronobiology International最新文献

This study investigated the relationships between chronotype, physical activity, and fluid and nutrient intake in healthy young adults. A total of 935 participants (66.6% female), aged 18-30, were classified into morning, intermediate, or evening chronotypes using the Morningness - Eveningness Questionnaire. Physical activity was categorized as active or sedentary based on self-reported exercise frequency and duration. Nutrient intake was measured using 24-h dietary recall, a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and a structured fluid intake survey. Data collection occurred in June and July to minimize seasonal effects. Physically active individuals consumed significantly more water daily than sedentary participants (p < 0.001, η² = .088). They also reported higher intake of black tea, herbal tea, iced tea, Turkish coffee, and milk (all p < 0.001). Evening chronotype individuals consumed significantly less black tea and milk (both p < 0.001) but showed no significant difference in water intake (p = 0.088). Evening types were also linked to lower consumption of red meat (B = -0.38, p = 0.034) and fish (B = -0.58, p = 0.002), while the decrease in egg consumption was not statistically significant (p = 0.082). These results suggest that morning chronotype and physical activity correlate with healthier fluid intake patterns, whereas evening chronotype may reduce intake of some animal proteins. Overall, hydration and diet appear influenced by lifestyle and biological rhythms. The study highlights the need for personalized nutrition counseling that considers chronotype and physical activity to promote healthier behaviors.

Being alert and attentive is essential for cognitive control processing, as it facilitates the detection of conflicting stimuli that require resolution. Exposure to daytime artificial light increases alertness; however, the effects on conflict resolution, referred to as cognitive control, remain poorly understood, especially since previous studies have focused solely on averaged inter-individual measures such as mean reaction time. Intra-individual (within-person) reaction time variability (RTV) provides a moment-to-moment averaged measure that conveys information about the consistency of attentional focus throughout the process of detecting and resolving stimuli conflicts. This crossover study of healthy participants (N = 39, M_age = 21.7, SD_age = 2.6, 62% female) explored the acute effects of a 2 h morning exposure to "blue" short-wavelength light (1442 lx_m-EDI), "red" long-wavelength light (3.8 lx_m-EDI), and short-wavelength-enriched bright white light (1156 lx_m-EDI, ~ 8000 K), against a control condition of white dim light (<10 lx_m-EDI), on cognitive control measured with a flanker task. Compared to white dim light, "blue" light contributed to lower RTV during the processing of cognitive conflicts, but the effect was small and non-robust. Exposure to artificial light did not affect averaged inter-individual measures. Our preliminary findings suggest that "blue" light has the potential to stabilize attentional fluctuations during cognitive conflict processing; however, this potential should be further investigated in studies with larger samples.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse metabolic and obstetric outcomes, yet its impact on behavioral, psychosocial, and chronobiological factors remains inadequately characterized. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate sleep quality, chronotype, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, perceived social support, and depressive symptoms in women with GDM using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). A total of 618 pregnant women (273 with GDM and 345 normoglycemic controls) were enrolled. Women with GDM exhibited significantly poorer sleep quality (p < 0.001), heightened fatigue severity (p < 0.001), and excessive daytime sleepiness (p < 0.001), lower perceived social support (p < 0.001) compared to controls. Evening chronotype was higher in the GDM group (p < 0.001), whereas controls were predominantly morning types. Although EPDS scores were elevated in GDM (p < 0.001), rates of clinically significant depression (EPDS ≥ 13) did not differ. Neonates of GDM mothers had higher birth weights (p < 0.001) and greater NICU admission rates (p < 0.001). In conclusion, GDM is associated with poorer sleep quality, greater fatigue, higher daytime sleepiness, evening chronotype, and reduced perceived social support, alongside adverse neonatal outcomes.

This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Couples' Sleep Conflict Scale by adapting it to the Turkish population. This study is a methodological research conducted using a cross-sectional design. The cultural adaptation process of the scale was completed in a three-stage process consisting of language validity, content validity, and piloting. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to determine construct validity. Reliability analyses were performed with Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient and test-retest analyses. According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis, the scale consists of 5 items and one sub-dimension in female, male, and total groups. According to confirmatory factor analysis, the scale items were determined to have an acceptable level of fit for each group. In the reliability analysis, high Cronbach Alpha values were obtained (Female: 0.838, Male: 0.827, and Total group: 0.835). In addition, high correlation values were observed in the test-retest analysis. The Couples' Sleep Conflict Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing sleep conflict in married individuals in the Turkish population.

Drug addiction is a chronic disorder that alters mammalian circadian rhythms. The central player of circadian rhythmicity is the Clock gene. Its polymorphisms are associated with various behavioural and psychiatric disorders, although their involvement with drug addiction is still not known. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify any association of Clock gene polymorphisms with drug addiction. This study investigated the presence/absence of three SNPs (rs1801260, rs3749474, and rs10462028) located in the non-coding 3'UTR region of the Clock gene in the drug-addicted population of East India, residing in Kolkata. They are reportedly associated with different behavioural diseases in diverse populations. Among them, rs1801260 showed a significant association (odds ratio 2.666 and 95%CI 1.416 ~ 5.019) with the alcoholic population in our study. In-silico analysis exhibited allele-specific miRNA binding at this locus, implying a possible role in gene regulation. Hence, rs1801260 can be a genetic risk factor for alcohol addiction.

Sleep duration is a critical determinant of health that reflects the influence of biological, social, and environmental factors. Although geographic clustering of insufficient sleep in the United States has been described, seasonal and time-zone - related variation are less well understood. We analyzed the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from 416 731 adults, representing a weighted population of approximately 259 million. Using complex survey weights and general linear models adjusted for age and sex, we examined differences in self-reported sleep duration across months, time zones, and latitude bands. The overall mean sleep duration was 7.96 h. Monthly variation was modest and largely not statistically significant, with averages ranging from 7.82 hours in April to 8.13 h in January. In contrast, clear geographic differences emerged. Sleep duration varied significantly by time zone, with Pacific respondents reporting the longest sleep (8.37-8.56 h) and those in the Mountain and Hawaii time zones reporting the shortest (approximately 7.0-7.5 h). Adults in southern states reported consistently longer sleep than those in northern states, though the month × latitude interaction was not significant. Effect sizes were small across all models (ηp² range = 0.00002-0.00080; Cohen's d for latitude = 0.23), indicating modest but consistent geographic differences. Men slept less than women, and older adults reported slightly longer sleep. These findings suggest that geographic context, particularly time zone and latitude, plays a more consistent role than seasonality in shaping sleep duration in the U.S.

This study examined the effects of daytime natural light and nighttime artificial light exposure on BMI while exploring the mediating effects of lifestyle factors. Data were drawn from a virtual survey of 5,260 Brazilians (18-65 y) conducted from May 2023-May 2024. Principal Component Analysis identified latent variables for daytime natural light (outdoor exposure and ambient light) and nighttime artificial light (from screens and other sources). Associations with BMI were evaluated using restricted cubic splines, multivariate linear regression, and mediation analysis, considering diet quality, last food intake timing, sleep quality, bedtime, exercise, age, sex, and education. Daytime light exposure was associated with a lower BMI [β(95%CI):-0.17(-0.28; -0.06)], with diet quality as the primary mediator (17%), followed by bedtime (10%). Increased exposure to artificial light at night was associated with a higher BMI [β(95%CI):0.14(0.04; 0.23)], with sleep quality (22%) and diet quality (16%) emerging as the strongest mediators. These findings demonstrate the significant impact of misaligned light exposure - disrupted from the natural day-night cycle - on BMI and its association with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. They emphasize the need to incorporate natural light alignment into effective obesity prevention strategies.

This systematic review aims to examine the effects of chronobiological rhythms on glucose metabolism during pregnancy. In parallel with the increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), chronobiological factors such as sleep duration, circadian rhythm disturbances, and meal timing are evaluated for their impact on glucose metabolism. In accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, studies published between 2010 and 2025 were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Articles meeting eligibility criteria were included, and data analysis was performed. A total of eight articles meeting the eligibility criteria were included in the study and the data were subsequently analyzed. Findings indicate that short sleep duration, late eating, evening chronotype, and night-shift work increase the risk of GDM. Meal timing and high carbohydrate intake in the morning influence glucose variability. Regulation of chronobiological rhythms plays a significant role in maintaining glucose metabolism during pregnancy. Clinical practice should consider factors such as sleep patterns and meal timing.

Anemia remains a significant public health concern, especially among young women. The SCARF (Study to Combat Anemia-Research for Female Students) study examined the association between daytime eating habits and anemia among Malaysian female university students. Using a validated chrono-nutrition questionnaire, meal patterns, dietary habits, and meal regularity were analyzed, while anemia status was determined by hemoglobin levels. Among 674 students, there were 44.4% Malay, 48.8% Chinese, and 3.4% Indian, with a mean age of 21.2 ± 1.5 y. About 59.3% were anemic, with a mean hemoglobin level of 11.6 ± 1.3 g/dL. Daytime meal-skipping habits were linked to significantly lower energy (p < 0.038), fat (p < 0.017), and folate intake (p = 0.003). Breakfast skipping was prevalent among anemic students (70%) compared to non-anemic students (61.3%; χ² = 5.51, p = 0.019). Irregular breakfast habits significantly increased anemia prevalence (79.8% vs. 20.3%; χ² = 5.10, p = 0.024). Lunch skipping three or more times weekly was a significant predictor of anemia, with an odds ratio of 1.62 (95% CI: 1.01-2.43; p = 0.04). These findings underscore the need for university health initiatives to promote regular breakfast and lunch habits, mitigating anemia risks and fostering long-term student health.