Abstract The effects of chemical treatment on the radiation-shielding properties of Philippine natural zeolites were investigated using EpiXS following the EPICS2017 library. The zeolites were studied using X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The acid treatment eliminated Fe and Ca, having a negative impact on the cross-section of the HCl-modified zeolite. The mass attenuation coefficients of the raw, NaOH- and HCl-modified zeolites at 1332 keV were 0.0545, 0.0544 and 0.0548 cm 2 g –1 , respectively. At 100–10,000 keV, the linear attenuation coefficient depends on the density and increases in the order HCl-modified > NaOH-modified > raw zeolite. In the energy range of 100–16,000 keV, the mean free path and half-value layer values are in the order of HCl-modified < NaOH-modified < raw zeolite. The raw and NaOH-modified zeolites have comparable effective atomic numbers, whereas the HCl-treated zeolite has significantly lower such values.
摘要采用EpiXS软件，研究了化学处理对菲律宾天然沸石辐射屏蔽性能的影响。用x射线衍射和能量色散x射线光谱对沸石进行了研究。酸处理消除了Fe和Ca，对盐酸改性沸石的横截面有负面影响。在1332 keV下，原料沸石、NaOH改性沸石和hcl改性沸石的质量衰减系数分别为0.0545、0.0544和0.0548 cm 2 g - 1。在100-10,000 keV范围内，线性衰减系数随密度的增大而增大。NaOH-modified祝辞原始的沸石。在100 ~ 16000 keV的能量范围内，平均自由程和半值层值依次为:hcl修饰的<NaOH-modified & lt;原始的沸石。原始沸石和氢氧化钠改性沸石的有效原子序数相当，而盐酸处理沸石的有效原子序数明显较低。
{"title":"Photon shielding properties of alkali- and acid-treated Philippine natural zeolite","authors":"Mon Bryan Z. Gili","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of chemical treatment on the radiation-shielding properties of Philippine natural zeolites were investigated using EpiXS following the EPICS2017 library. The zeolites were studied using X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The acid treatment eliminated Fe and Ca, having a negative impact on the cross-section of the HCl-modified zeolite. The mass attenuation coefficients of the raw, NaOH- and HCl-modified zeolites at 1332 keV were 0.0545, 0.0544 and 0.0548 cm 2 g –1 , respectively. At 100–10,000 keV, the linear attenuation coefficient depends on the density and increases in the order HCl-modified > NaOH-modified > raw zeolite. In the energy range of 100–16,000 keV, the mean free path and half-value layer values are in the order of HCl-modified < NaOH-modified < raw zeolite. The raw and NaOH-modified zeolites have comparable effective atomic numbers, whereas the HCl-treated zeolite has significantly lower such values.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Zeng, Xin Nie, Zonghua Qin, S. Luo, Yuhong Fu, W. Yu, Meizhi Yang, Wenqi Luo, Q. Wan
{"title":"Adsorption of gold nanoparticles on illite under high solid-liquid ratio and initial pH conditions","authors":"Ping Zeng, Xin Nie, Zonghua Qin, S. Luo, Yuhong Fu, W. Yu, Meizhi Yang, Wenqi Luo, Q. Wan","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47351441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Lead is one of the most frequently encountered toxic heavy metals that requires immediate remediation. To remediate wastewater, clay minerals are the preferred adsorbents. In this study, the removal of lead from aqueous solutions via adsorption was investigated using raw and iron-modified Turkish sepiolite. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of modification and environmental conditions on the sorptive properties of sepiolite samples. Initially, the raw sepiolite (Sep) and magnetic sepiolite/Fe 2 O 3 composite (MagSep) prepared by the co-precipitation method were characterized using mineralogical and petrographical means, and the physico-chemical properties were determined. Then, the batch adsorption of lead (Pb 2+ ) ions on the sepiolite samples were examined under various conditions (solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Pb 2+ ion concentration, temperature, shaking rate). The adsorption capacity of MagSep was found to be higher than that of Sep under all experimental conditions. The results showed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model,
{"title":"A novel magnetic sepiolite/Fe2O3 composite for adsorptive removal of lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions","authors":"Osman Uygun, Ayşenur Murat, Gaye Ö. Çakal","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.24","url":null,"abstract":": Lead is one of the most frequently encountered toxic heavy metals that requires immediate remediation. To remediate wastewater, clay minerals are the preferred adsorbents. In this study, the removal of lead from aqueous solutions via adsorption was investigated using raw and iron-modified Turkish sepiolite. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of modification and environmental conditions on the sorptive properties of sepiolite samples. Initially, the raw sepiolite (Sep) and magnetic sepiolite/Fe 2 O 3 composite (MagSep) prepared by the co-precipitation method were characterized using mineralogical and petrographical means, and the physico-chemical properties were determined. Then, the batch adsorption of lead (Pb 2+ ) ions on the sepiolite samples were examined under various conditions (solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Pb 2+ ion concentration, temperature, shaking rate). The adsorption capacity of MagSep was found to be higher than that of Sep under all experimental conditions. The results showed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model,","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48811556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. R. Christofoletti, José Francisco Marciano Motta, Eduardo Camargo Meneghel, F. G. Melchiades
{"title":"PROSPECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PLASTIC CLAYS FROM THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL, AS RAW MATERIAL FOR PORCELAIN STONEWARE TILE PRODUCTION","authors":"S. R. Christofoletti, José Francisco Marciano Motta, Eduardo Camargo Meneghel, F. G. Melchiades","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47071902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generalized relationships between the ionic radii of octahedral cations and the b crystallographic parameter of clay and related minerals","authors":"S. Petit, A. Decarreau, B. Grégoire, E. Ferrage","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41937314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, stable and radioactive lead removal from aqueous solution by adsorption using bentonite, zeolite and perlite minerals obtained from various locations in Türkiye was studied in batch experiments. The adsorbents were first characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and then the physicochemical properties were determined. The effects of various factors that influence adsorption, such as solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Pb2+ ion concentration, temperature and shaking rate, were studied. The adsorption of Pb2+ was modelled using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. The adsorption capacities of the minerals for Pb2+ followed the order: bentonite > zeolite > perlite, and the maximum adsorption capacities were 131.6, 36.1 and 21.5 mg g–1, respectively. The adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm. The bonding of lead ions on the adsorbents was confirmed by XRF and FTIR analyses after the adsorption process. The adsorption of Pb2+ ions on the adsorbents was spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption process took place by cation exchange in addition to electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, radioactive 210Pb2+ adsorption on bentonite, zeolite and perlite was studied, with the analyte being analysed using a liquid scintillation counter. It was seen that in addition to Pb(II) ions, these minerals also adsorbed the radioactive decay products of 210Pb, which were 210Po and 210Bi. The removal percentages of 210Pb were 95%, 38% and 30% and those of 210Po were 75%, 60% and 74% for bentonite, zeolite and perlite, respectively.
{"title":"Adsorptive removal of stable and radioactive Pb(II) isotopes from aqueous solution using bentonite, zeolite and perlite: characterization, isotherm and thermodynamic studies","authors":"Osman Uygun, R. Güven, Gaye Ö. Çakal","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.18","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, stable and radioactive lead removal from aqueous solution by adsorption using bentonite, zeolite and perlite minerals obtained from various locations in Türkiye was studied in batch experiments. The adsorbents were first characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and then the physicochemical properties were determined. The effects of various factors that influence adsorption, such as solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Pb2+ ion concentration, temperature and shaking rate, were studied. The adsorption of Pb2+ was modelled using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. The adsorption capacities of the minerals for Pb2+ followed the order: bentonite > zeolite > perlite, and the maximum adsorption capacities were 131.6, 36.1 and 21.5 mg g–1, respectively. The adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm. The bonding of lead ions on the adsorbents was confirmed by XRF and FTIR analyses after the adsorption process. The adsorption of Pb2+ ions on the adsorbents was spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption process took place by cation exchange in addition to electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, radioactive 210Pb2+ adsorption on bentonite, zeolite and perlite was studied, with the analyte being analysed using a liquid scintillation counter. It was seen that in addition to Pb(II) ions, these minerals also adsorbed the radioactive decay products of 210Pb, which were 210Po and 210Bi. The removal percentages of 210Pb were 95%, 38% and 30% and those of 210Po were 75%, 60% and 74% for bentonite, zeolite and perlite, respectively.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42290099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. C. Santanna, Gabriela Carlos Nunes Araújo, Maria Thayse Andrade da Silva, T. N. C. Castro Dantas, Patrícia Mendonça Pimentel
In the petroleum industry, one of the most important functions fluids must perform is to carry cuttings efficiently. In this context, the contamination of drilling fluids represents a challenge to the industry because it alters the properties of these fluids. This work compares two drilling fluids (one palygorskite-based and the other polymer-based), evaluating the effects of contaminants on these drilling fluids and their ability to carry cuttings. A contaminant is considered to be any material that causes undesirable changes in the properties of the drilling fluid. Contamination of an aqueous drilling fluid by calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and brine can increase the filtrate volume, decrease the perforation rate and alter the rheological properties of the fluid. This work analyses the effects of contamination by Ca(OH)2 and brine on the properties of salted water-based drilling fluids viscosified with palygorskite. For comparison, tests were performed with a polymeric drilling fluid. The cutting-carrying capacity of these fluids was verified using the empirical correlations of Moore (1974), Chien (1994) and Walker & Mayes (1975). The results show that the drilling fluid with palygorskite is resistant to contamination with Ca(OH)2 and brine, presenting low filtrate volume values. The drilling fluid with palygorskite presented greater slip velocities than the polymeric drilling fluid. Regarding the cutting-carrying capacity, the drilling fluid with palygorskite presented positive transport ratio values (>0), making it suitable for carrying rock cuttings. However, the polymeric drilling fluid showed better performance in terms of cutting-carrying capacity.
{"title":"Water-based drilling fluid with palygorskite: cutting carrying and contaminants","authors":"V. C. Santanna, Gabriela Carlos Nunes Araújo, Maria Thayse Andrade da Silva, T. N. C. Castro Dantas, Patrícia Mendonça Pimentel","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the petroleum industry, one of the most important functions fluids must perform is to carry cuttings efficiently. In this context, the contamination of drilling fluids represents a challenge to the industry because it alters the properties of these fluids. This work compares two drilling fluids (one palygorskite-based and the other polymer-based), evaluating the effects of contaminants on these drilling fluids and their ability to carry cuttings. A contaminant is considered to be any material that causes undesirable changes in the properties of the drilling fluid. Contamination of an aqueous drilling fluid by calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and brine can increase the filtrate volume, decrease the perforation rate and alter the rheological properties of the fluid. This work analyses the effects of contamination by Ca(OH)2 and brine on the properties of salted water-based drilling fluids viscosified with palygorskite. For comparison, tests were performed with a polymeric drilling fluid. The cutting-carrying capacity of these fluids was verified using the empirical correlations of Moore (1974), Chien (1994) and Walker & Mayes (1975). The results show that the drilling fluid with palygorskite is resistant to contamination with Ca(OH)2 and brine, presenting low filtrate volume values. The drilling fluid with palygorskite presented greater slip velocities than the polymeric drilling fluid. Regarding the cutting-carrying capacity, the drilling fluid with palygorskite presented positive transport ratio values (>0), making it suitable for carrying rock cuttings. However, the polymeric drilling fluid showed better performance in terms of cutting-carrying capacity.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43998769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a global extreme climatic event, but it is relatively unknown from lower latitudes or equatorial regions in comparison to mid- and high latitudes. The present study provides the first clay mineralogical evidence of the PETM and subsequent hyperthermal events in a near-equatorial region represented by the Akli Formation in the Barmer Basin, India. The 32 m-thick succession of the Akli Formation shows abrupt changes in smectite and kaolin abundances preceding, during and succeeding the PETM event. Within the studied section, the kaolin content increases from 5–8% pre-PETM to 30–35% during the PETM, and then again decreases to 5–6% during the post-PETM period. The smectite, however, is marked by a corresponding decrease and its transformation into kaolin in acid weathering conditions. The transformation of the smectite is first marked by hydroxy interlayering and then transformation into kaolin during the PETM. The transformation of smectite into kaolin also resulted in extensive precipitation of iron oxide in sediments. The clay mineralogical changes in the Palaeocene–Eocene transition sediments of the Akli Formation were caused by 3–5°C warming and a 25–50% increase in rainfall during the hyperthermal events. Unusually high charcoal (~20%) fragments during the Palaeocene–Eocene transition also suggest warming and widespread biomass burning during the PETM in the lower latitudes.
{"title":"Clay mineralogical evidence of near-equatorial Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum in Barmer Basin, India","authors":"Rohit Kumar, A. Hameed, P. Srivastava","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a global extreme climatic event, but it is relatively unknown from lower latitudes or equatorial regions in comparison to mid- and high latitudes. The present study provides the first clay mineralogical evidence of the PETM and subsequent hyperthermal events in a near-equatorial region represented by the Akli Formation in the Barmer Basin, India. The 32 m-thick succession of the Akli Formation shows abrupt changes in smectite and kaolin abundances preceding, during and succeeding the PETM event. Within the studied section, the kaolin content increases from 5–8% pre-PETM to 30–35% during the PETM, and then again decreases to 5–6% during the post-PETM period. The smectite, however, is marked by a corresponding decrease and its transformation into kaolin in acid weathering conditions. The transformation of the smectite is first marked by hydroxy interlayering and then transformation into kaolin during the PETM. The transformation of smectite into kaolin also resulted in extensive precipitation of iron oxide in sediments. The clay mineralogical changes in the Palaeocene–Eocene transition sediments of the Akli Formation were caused by 3–5°C warming and a 25–50% increase in rainfall during the hyperthermal events. Unusually high charcoal (~20%) fragments during the Palaeocene–Eocene transition also suggest warming and widespread biomass burning during the PETM in the lower latitudes.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45688586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingwan Lin, Yukun Yang, X. Li, Guobin Jiang, P. Luo
{"title":"Desorption behavior of polymer on sepiolite surfaces under high-temperature and high-salinity conditions","authors":"Lingwan Lin, Yukun Yang, X. Li, Guobin Jiang, P. Luo","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44117521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian Zhao, Yi-Fei Wang, Zhaofu Luan, Yu Cao, M. He
{"title":"Theoretical Analysis on Effect of Doping [Na(I), K(I), Mg(II), Ca(II), and Fe(II)] on the Electronic and Mechanical Properties of Pyrophyllite","authors":"Jian Zhao, Yi-Fei Wang, Zhaofu Luan, Yu Cao, M. He","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48597041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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