The Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a global extreme climatic event, but it is relatively unknown from lower latitudes or equatorial regions in comparison to mid- and high latitudes. The present study provides the first clay mineralogical evidence of the PETM and subsequent hyperthermal events in a near-equatorial region represented by the Akli Formation in the Barmer Basin, India. The 32 m-thick succession of the Akli Formation shows abrupt changes in smectite and kaolin abundances preceding, during and succeeding the PETM event. Within the studied section, the kaolin content increases from 5–8% pre-PETM to 30–35% during the PETM, and then again decreases to 5–6% during the post-PETM period. The smectite, however, is marked by a corresponding decrease and its transformation into kaolin in acid weathering conditions. The transformation of the smectite is first marked by hydroxy interlayering and then transformation into kaolin during the PETM. The transformation of smectite into kaolin also resulted in extensive precipitation of iron oxide in sediments. The clay mineralogical changes in the Palaeocene–Eocene transition sediments of the Akli Formation were caused by 3–5°C warming and a 25–50% increase in rainfall during the hyperthermal events. Unusually high charcoal (~20%) fragments during the Palaeocene–Eocene transition also suggest warming and widespread biomass burning during the PETM in the lower latitudes.
{"title":"Clay mineralogical evidence of near-equatorial Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum in Barmer Basin, India","authors":"Rohit Kumar, A. Hameed, P. Srivastava","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a global extreme climatic event, but it is relatively unknown from lower latitudes or equatorial regions in comparison to mid- and high latitudes. The present study provides the first clay mineralogical evidence of the PETM and subsequent hyperthermal events in a near-equatorial region represented by the Akli Formation in the Barmer Basin, India. The 32 m-thick succession of the Akli Formation shows abrupt changes in smectite and kaolin abundances preceding, during and succeeding the PETM event. Within the studied section, the kaolin content increases from 5–8% pre-PETM to 30–35% during the PETM, and then again decreases to 5–6% during the post-PETM period. The smectite, however, is marked by a corresponding decrease and its transformation into kaolin in acid weathering conditions. The transformation of the smectite is first marked by hydroxy interlayering and then transformation into kaolin during the PETM. The transformation of smectite into kaolin also resulted in extensive precipitation of iron oxide in sediments. The clay mineralogical changes in the Palaeocene–Eocene transition sediments of the Akli Formation were caused by 3–5°C warming and a 25–50% increase in rainfall during the hyperthermal events. Unusually high charcoal (~20%) fragments during the Palaeocene–Eocene transition also suggest warming and widespread biomass burning during the PETM in the lower latitudes.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45688586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingwan Lin, Yukun Yang, X. Li, Guobin Jiang, P. Luo
{"title":"Desorption behavior of polymer on sepiolite surfaces under high-temperature and high-salinity conditions","authors":"Lingwan Lin, Yukun Yang, X. Li, Guobin Jiang, P. Luo","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44117521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian Zhao, Yi-Fei Wang, Zhaofu Luan, Yu Cao, M. He
{"title":"Theoretical Analysis on Effect of Doping [Na(I), K(I), Mg(II), Ca(II), and Fe(II)] on the Electronic and Mechanical Properties of Pyrophyllite","authors":"Jian Zhao, Yi-Fei Wang, Zhaofu Luan, Yu Cao, M. He","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48597041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Lobato-Aguilar, W. Herrera-Kao, S. Duarte‐Aranda, F. J. Aguilar-Pérez, Andrés I. Oliva-Arias, V. Rejón-Moo, J. M. Baas-López, J. Uribe-Calderon, J. M. Cervantes‐Uc
This study examined the incorporation of benzalkonium chloride into palygorskite and montmorillonite, assessing their potential as drug carriers. The aim was to evaluate the use of both clay minerals as viable options for antibacterial drug delivery. Various amounts (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 times the cation-exchange capacity) of benzalkonium chloride were incorporated into both clay minerals, and the resulting materials were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis using both CHNS-O elemental analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis results indicate that benzalkonium chloride was incorporated successfully into the clay minerals. The X-ray diffraction traces of organo-montmorillonite indicate that the d-value increased as benzalkonium chloride content increased, confirming the intercalation of benzalkonium chloride within the montmorillonite interlayer space. By contrast, this behaviour was not observed for palygorskite. For the benzalkonium chloride-release studies, an initial burst release was found within the first 5 h, followed by a sustained release of benzalkonium chloride during the remaining testing time (24 h). Drug-release profiles were similar for modified palygorskite or montmorillonite during the testing time (24 h). Both clay minerals modified with benzalkonium chloride are promising materials for use as antibacterial fillers for several applications, including in the dental care industry.
{"title":"Characterization and drug release of benzalkonium chloride-loaded organo-palygorskite or organo-montmorillonite","authors":"H. Lobato-Aguilar, W. Herrera-Kao, S. Duarte‐Aranda, F. J. Aguilar-Pérez, Andrés I. Oliva-Arias, V. Rejón-Moo, J. M. Baas-López, J. Uribe-Calderon, J. M. Cervantes‐Uc","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study examined the incorporation of benzalkonium chloride into palygorskite and montmorillonite, assessing their potential as drug carriers. The aim was to evaluate the use of both clay minerals as viable options for antibacterial drug delivery. Various amounts (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 times the cation-exchange capacity) of benzalkonium chloride were incorporated into both clay minerals, and the resulting materials were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis using both CHNS-O elemental analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis results indicate that benzalkonium chloride was incorporated successfully into the clay minerals. The X-ray diffraction traces of organo-montmorillonite indicate that the d-value increased as benzalkonium chloride content increased, confirming the intercalation of benzalkonium chloride within the montmorillonite interlayer space. By contrast, this behaviour was not observed for palygorskite. For the benzalkonium chloride-release studies, an initial burst release was found within the first 5 h, followed by a sustained release of benzalkonium chloride during the remaining testing time (24 h). Drug-release profiles were similar for modified palygorskite or montmorillonite during the testing time (24 h). Both clay minerals modified with benzalkonium chloride are promising materials for use as antibacterial fillers for several applications, including in the dental care industry.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47300471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daiane L. Silva, Nayara Balaba, Dienifer F. L. Horsth, S. Jaerger, F. Anaissi
We obtained natural red soil (RS), rich in iron, from the region of Palotina in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The RS sample was purified by suspension in water and sieved to remove plant particulates. It was then treated thermally at 800°C to remove organic volatiles; this sample was called RS800. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, infrared and electronic spectroscopy, ζ-potential analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Colorimetric studies were performed according to the CIEL*a*b* system. Tests have shown that RS800 has the ability to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from wastewater. Thus, it was used as an adsorbent at various temperatures (25, 35, 45°C). According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was 23.256 mg g–1 (25°C). Unexpectedly, increasing temperature reduced qmax to 21.659 mg g–1 at 35°C and to 21.186 mg g–1 at 45°C. Therefore, RS800 must be used at room temperature (25°C), making its application in large-scale wastewater treatment feasible. After using RS800 as an adsorbent, the solids were filtered, dried, pulverized, and used as hybrid pigments in commercial white paints. Pigmented paints were used to paint a plaster specimen and colorimetric measurement was performed. These paints were tested for colour stability in acidic and alkaline environments. The results indicate that RS800 is efficient in the treatment of water contaminated with cationic dyes and can be reused as a hybrid pigment.
{"title":"Characterization of calcined red soil applied in the removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater to produce a hybrid pigment","authors":"Daiane L. Silva, Nayara Balaba, Dienifer F. L. Horsth, S. Jaerger, F. Anaissi","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We obtained natural red soil (RS), rich in iron, from the region of Palotina in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The RS sample was purified by suspension in water and sieved to remove plant particulates. It was then treated thermally at 800°C to remove organic volatiles; this sample was called RS800. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, infrared and electronic spectroscopy, ζ-potential analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Colorimetric studies were performed according to the CIEL*a*b* system. Tests have shown that RS800 has the ability to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from wastewater. Thus, it was used as an adsorbent at various temperatures (25, 35, 45°C). According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was 23.256 mg g–1 (25°C). Unexpectedly, increasing temperature reduced qmax to 21.659 mg g–1 at 35°C and to 21.186 mg g–1 at 45°C. Therefore, RS800 must be used at room temperature (25°C), making its application in large-scale wastewater treatment feasible. After using RS800 as an adsorbent, the solids were filtered, dried, pulverized, and used as hybrid pigments in commercial white paints. Pigmented paints were used to paint a plaster specimen and colorimetric measurement was performed. These paints were tested for colour stability in acidic and alkaline environments. The results indicate that RS800 is efficient in the treatment of water contaminated with cationic dyes and can be reused as a hybrid pigment.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41632963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iron removal from kaolin by oxalic acid using a novel pre-agitating and high-pressure washing technique","authors":"Bijan Taheri","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49032981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The development and application of Fe-rich palygorskite clay has been restricted significantly by its red colour and low grade. Moreover, the nano-structured properties of palygorskite and the relatively large Fe content of Fe-rich palygorskite clay have received insufficient attention. The present study involved the synthesis of Ni-based catalysts via a coprecipitation method using Fe-rich palygorskite clay as the support. The catalysts were then evaluated for their performance for catalytic steam reforming of toluene (CSRT). The experimental findings revealed that the Fe in Fe-rich palygorskite clay interacted strongly with Ni and formed Fe-Ni alloys. The catalyst with a Ni/Fe mass ratio of 14 (Ni14/FePal) calcined in air at 600°C exhibited superior performance for CSRT under the reaction temperature 700°C and S/C molar ratio of 1.0. According to the kinetics study, Ni14/FePal exhibited the lowest apparent activation energy (33.99 kJ mol−1) among the catalysts, which further confirmed the superior catalytic activity in CSRT. The characterizations of the catalysts used demonstrated that the excellent stability and resistance to coke formation of Ni14/FePal were attributable to the presence of a sufficient amount of highly dispersed Fe-Ni alloys on its surface.
{"title":"High catalytic performance of Fe-rich palygorskite clay-supported Ni catalysts for steam reforming of toluene","authors":"Minghao Ji, Xuehua Zou, Haibo Liu, Yinsheng Zhang, Shiwei Dong, Chen Xu, Qiao-qin Xie, Dong Chen, Chengzhu Zhu, Tianhu Chen","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development and application of Fe-rich palygorskite clay has been restricted significantly by its red colour and low grade. Moreover, the nano-structured properties of palygorskite and the relatively large Fe content of Fe-rich palygorskite clay have received insufficient attention. The present study involved the synthesis of Ni-based catalysts via a coprecipitation method using Fe-rich palygorskite clay as the support. The catalysts were then evaluated for their performance for catalytic steam reforming of toluene (CSRT). The experimental findings revealed that the Fe in Fe-rich palygorskite clay interacted strongly with Ni and formed Fe-Ni alloys. The catalyst with a Ni/Fe mass ratio of 14 (Ni14/FePal) calcined in air at 600°C exhibited superior performance for CSRT under the reaction temperature 700°C and S/C molar ratio of 1.0. According to the kinetics study, Ni14/FePal exhibited the lowest apparent activation energy (33.99 kJ mol−1) among the catalysts, which further confirmed the superior catalytic activity in CSRT. The characterizations of the catalysts used demonstrated that the excellent stability and resistance to coke formation of Ni14/FePal were attributable to the presence of a sufficient amount of highly dispersed Fe-Ni alloys on its surface.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43073548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, aluminium fluoride trihydrate (AlF3⋅3H2O) was used to inhibit the sintering of calcined coal-series kaolin (CCSK). In addition, the oil absorption properties of CCSK were studied. The particle-size distribution, specific surface area and porosity of the samples were investigated as a function of calcination temperature and the addition of AlF3⋅3H2O. Moreover, the ability of AlF3⋅3H2O to improve the oil absorption of CCSK was explored. The morphology, structure and phase composition of the specimens were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The phase transition during heating of the samples was studied using thermogravimetric analysis. The preparation with 10 wt.% AlF3⋅3H2O had the optimal sintering inhibition effect on CCSK at 1000°C. The release of SiF4 gas during heating and the formation of mullite whiskers on the particle surface caused by AlF3⋅3H2O moderated the formation of molten-phase liquid bridges between particles and inhibited sintering of the raw material powder. Furthermore, the formation of submicron mullite whiskers on the surface of the CCSK particles enhanced the oil-absorption properties of the sample significantly.
{"title":"Sintering inhibition and oil-absorption properties of calcined coal-series kaolin","authors":"Jiaquan Li, Zhiwei Huang, Qian Wang, Fengnian Zhang, Yang Miao, Feng Gao","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, aluminium fluoride trihydrate (AlF3⋅3H2O) was used to inhibit the sintering of calcined coal-series kaolin (CCSK). In addition, the oil absorption properties of CCSK were studied. The particle-size distribution, specific surface area and porosity of the samples were investigated as a function of calcination temperature and the addition of AlF3⋅3H2O. Moreover, the ability of AlF3⋅3H2O to improve the oil absorption of CCSK was explored. The morphology, structure and phase composition of the specimens were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The phase transition during heating of the samples was studied using thermogravimetric analysis. The preparation with 10 wt.% AlF3⋅3H2O had the optimal sintering inhibition effect on CCSK at 1000°C. The release of SiF4 gas during heating and the formation of mullite whiskers on the particle surface caused by AlF3⋅3H2O moderated the formation of molten-phase liquid bridges between particles and inhibited sintering of the raw material powder. Furthermore, the formation of submicron mullite whiskers on the surface of the CCSK particles enhanced the oil-absorption properties of the sample significantly.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49022676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Nandi, Alexandre Zaccaron, F. Raupp-Pereira, S. Arcaro, A. Bernardin, O. Montedo
Abstract Fast drying (~60 min) is useful for optimizing production processes by increasing productivity and reducing costs and environmental impacts, especially in red ceramic industries in Brazil. However, suitable clays are necessary and, currently, studies focused on the plastic behaviour of clays with compositions suitable for extrusion, especially for fast drying, are scarce. Therefore, in this study, three different clays from the same mineral deposit were studied for producing clay-based structural products via fast drying. The clays were characterized according to their chemical, mineralogical and thermal properties, particle size, cation-exchange capacity, specific surface area and open pore volume distribution. Ten formulations were developed using a simplex-centroid mixture design of experiments and their plasticity index (PI) values were determined. The response surfaces of the formulations were evaluated according to their PI, while the formation characteristics were determined according to their extrusion workability factor values. Formulations F5 (50.0 wt.% yellow clay and 50.0 wt.% green clay) and F8 (66.6 wt.% yellow clay, 16.7 wt.% grey clay and 16.7 wt.% green clay; PI = 15.5–16.6%) displayed optimal extrusion properties, followed by formulations F7 (33.3 wt.% yellow clay, 33.3 wt.% grey clay and 33.3 wt.% green clay) and F10 (16.7 wt.% yellow clay, 16.7 wt.% grey clay and 66.6 wt.% green clay; PI = 13.8–14.2%), which are within acceptable extrusion index values. Thus, the chosen formulations have significant potential for use in the manufacture of fast-drying red ceramics.
{"title":"Plastic behaviour of clay materials for the manufacture of fast-drying red ceramics","authors":"V. Nandi, Alexandre Zaccaron, F. Raupp-Pereira, S. Arcaro, A. Bernardin, O. Montedo","doi":"10.1180/clm.2023.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1180/clm.2023.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fast drying (~60 min) is useful for optimizing production processes by increasing productivity and reducing costs and environmental impacts, especially in red ceramic industries in Brazil. However, suitable clays are necessary and, currently, studies focused on the plastic behaviour of clays with compositions suitable for extrusion, especially for fast drying, are scarce. Therefore, in this study, three different clays from the same mineral deposit were studied for producing clay-based structural products via fast drying. The clays were characterized according to their chemical, mineralogical and thermal properties, particle size, cation-exchange capacity, specific surface area and open pore volume distribution. Ten formulations were developed using a simplex-centroid mixture design of experiments and their plasticity index (PI) values were determined. The response surfaces of the formulations were evaluated according to their PI, while the formation characteristics were determined according to their extrusion workability factor values. Formulations F5 (50.0 wt.% yellow clay and 50.0 wt.% green clay) and F8 (66.6 wt.% yellow clay, 16.7 wt.% grey clay and 16.7 wt.% green clay; PI = 15.5–16.6%) displayed optimal extrusion properties, followed by formulations F7 (33.3 wt.% yellow clay, 33.3 wt.% grey clay and 33.3 wt.% green clay) and F10 (16.7 wt.% yellow clay, 16.7 wt.% grey clay and 66.6 wt.% green clay; PI = 13.8–14.2%), which are within acceptable extrusion index values. Thus, the chosen formulations have significant potential for use in the manufacture of fast-drying red ceramics.","PeriodicalId":10311,"journal":{"name":"Clay Minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45419100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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