"Abstract: Since its inception Gestalt psychotherapy has been ‘relational’. Indeed, the very notion of ‘contact’, a formulation lying at the heart of the theory, makes no sense without a concept of one variable, classically ‘organism’, coming up against another, classically ‘environment’ (see Perls, 1973; Polster and Polster, 1973, for more discussion). To advance scholarship and practice, however, requires us to reflect continually on both the nature and application of this relationality; determining whether or not Gestalt is still living up to these insights and aspirations, and in what new ways we might deliver good Gestalt practice, both with individuals and with groups and communities. In this paper we seek to contribute to this personal and community reflection as applied to working with communities and teams. We will therefore focus on a selection of ways that Gestalt theory can be applied to practical community-building strategies and the challenges that such applications pose. We will do this from the perspectives of theoretical discussion about the subject and personal experiences of approaches to community and team-building. We will suggest that, due to its flexible and relational qualities, a Gestalt approach is suited to being an approach of choice for creating more supportive communities and teams where individuals can flourish. We add that drawing explicitly on other theories about communities of practice and community action networks can add to our theoretical and practical sensitivities in this area. Key words: Gestalt, relational, community, authenticity, presence."
{"title":"Moving towards more supportive fields: Communities of Practice (COPs), Community Action Networks (CANs), and Relational Communities of Practice (RCOPs)","authors":"Sally Denham‐Vaughan, Michael. Clark","doi":"10.53667/nsed9823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/nsed9823","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: Since its inception Gestalt psychotherapy has been ‘relational’. Indeed, the very notion of ‘contact’, a formulation lying at the heart of the theory, makes no sense without a concept of one variable, classically ‘organism’, coming up against another, classically ‘environment’ (see Perls, 1973; Polster and Polster, 1973, for more discussion). To advance scholarship and practice, however, requires us to reflect continually on both the nature and application of this relationality; determining whether or not Gestalt is still living up to these insights and aspirations, and in what new ways we might deliver good Gestalt practice, both with individuals and with groups and communities. In this paper we seek to contribute to this personal and community reflection as applied to working with communities and teams. We will therefore focus on a selection of ways that Gestalt theory can be applied to practical community-building strategies and the challenges that such applications pose. We will do this from the perspectives of theoretical discussion about the subject and personal experiences of approaches to community and team-building. We will suggest that, due to its flexible and relational qualities, a Gestalt approach is suited to being an approach of choice for creating more supportive communities and teams where individuals can flourish. We add that drawing explicitly on other theories about communities of practice and community action networks can add to our theoretical and practical sensitivities in this area. Key words: Gestalt, relational, community, authenticity, presence.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129648165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: Perls, Hefferline and Goodman’s Gestalt Therapy (1951/1972, hereafter PHG) describes two ‘twists’ in being. The first occurs when the organism, appreciating its vulnerability, resolves to defend itself by constructing with others a familiar and foreseeable world. To understand this twist depends on understanding PHG’s take on the organism’s existential dilemma. The second twist is when the organism acts to move beyond its defensive posture and open to what is strange and different in the world. To understand this twist depends on understanding what PHG means by ‘spontaneity’. Translating the concepts and theories surrounding these twists into forms of Gestalt practice requires action that deconstructs familiar perspectives in order to open the practitioner more fully to the world. Key words: ambiguity, Gestalt Therapy, organisation development, contact, experience, practice."
{"title":"Gestalt practice: a reading of Gestalt Therapy (PHG)","authors":"R. Farrands","doi":"10.53667/cwyr3814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/cwyr3814","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: Perls, Hefferline and Goodman’s Gestalt Therapy (1951/1972, hereafter PHG) describes two ‘twists’ in being. The first occurs when the organism, appreciating its vulnerability, resolves to defend itself by constructing with others a familiar and foreseeable world. To understand this twist depends on understanding PHG’s take on the organism’s existential dilemma. The second twist is when the organism acts to move beyond its defensive posture and open to what is strange and different in the world. To understand this twist depends on understanding what PHG means by ‘spontaneity’. Translating the concepts and theories surrounding these twists into forms of Gestalt practice requires action that deconstructs familiar perspectives in order to open the practitioner more fully to the world. Key words: ambiguity, Gestalt Therapy, organisation development, contact, experience, practice.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132949391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: This article presents an approach to obsessive–compulsive disorder based on Gestalt therapy theory, Gestalt psychology, and psychiatric phenomenology. After establishing a diagnostic framework, the experiences of clients are explored, starting from the experience of space and time, of the relationship between details and the whole, of boundaries, and of materiality. In the light of the Gestalt theory of perception, the obsessive– compulsive symptom is framed as a creative adjustment able to protect the client from much worse suffering, in a situation in which the bodily sensorial ground is permeated with terror. After describing how the obsessive–compulsive field is aesthetically actualised in therapy, a number of issues and passages are highlighted that can help therapists in their journey with the sufferers. Keywords: obsessive–compulsive disorder, Gestalt therapy, phenomenology, Gestalt psychology, perception, psychopathology, psychopathological field, language, aesthetics.
{"title":"\"‘Suspended from shaky scaffolding, we secure ourselves with our fixations.’ A phenomenological and Gestalt exploration of obsessive-compulsive disorder \"","authors":"G. Francesetti","doi":"10.53667/izvq9404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/izvq9404","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article presents an approach to obsessive–compulsive disorder based on Gestalt therapy theory, Gestalt psychology, and psychiatric phenomenology. After establishing a diagnostic framework, the experiences of clients are explored, starting from the experience of space and time, of the relationship between details and the whole, of boundaries, and of materiality. In the light of the Gestalt theory of perception, the obsessive– compulsive symptom is framed as a creative adjustment able to protect the client from much worse suffering, in a situation in which the bodily sensorial ground is permeated with terror. After describing how the obsessive–compulsive field is aesthetically actualised in therapy, a number of issues and passages are highlighted that can help therapists in their journey with the sufferers. Keywords: obsessive–compulsive disorder, Gestalt therapy, phenomenology, Gestalt psychology, perception, psychopathology, psychopathological field, language, aesthetics.","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121685259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: In this paper I first depict the individualistic period of Gestalt therapy, as it became well known in the 1960s and ’70s. Subsequently, I describe the ‘relational turn’ that took place in the ’80s and resulted in today’s widespread understanding of Gestalt therapy as a relational approach. The specific understanding of relationality that is characteristic of this approach is then scrutinised and its weaknesses are pointed out. Finally a new concept, called ‘strong relationality’, is outlined and some exemplary clinical implications are proposed. En route of my argument, I also try to demonstrate that Gestalt Therapy (Perls, Hefferline and Goodman, 1951) has both individualistic and relational elements, the latter of which include aspects of both weak and strong relationality. Key words: community, developmental psychology, dialogue, history of Gestalt therapy, individualism, relational turn, relationality (weak, strong)."
{"title":"Taking another turn: the relational turn in Gestalt therapy revisited","authors":"Frank-M. Staemmler","doi":"10.53667/uzhi2267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/uzhi2267","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: In this paper I first depict the individualistic period of Gestalt therapy, as it became well known in the 1960s and ’70s. Subsequently, I describe the ‘relational turn’ that took place in the ’80s and resulted in today’s widespread understanding of Gestalt therapy as a relational approach. The specific understanding of relationality that is characteristic of this approach is then scrutinised and its weaknesses are pointed out. Finally a new concept, called ‘strong relationality’, is outlined and some exemplary clinical implications are proposed. En route of my argument, I also try to demonstrate that Gestalt Therapy (Perls, Hefferline and Goodman, 1951) has both individualistic and relational elements, the latter of which include aspects of both weak and strong relationality. Key words: community, developmental psychology, dialogue, history of Gestalt therapy, individualism, relational turn, relationality (weak, strong).\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121127136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie‐Anne Chidiac, Jim Denham-Vaughan, Lyndal Osborne
Abstract: This article proposes a matrix model applicable to a wide range of supervisory relationships and settings; therapeutic and organisational. The emphasis is upon a ‘relational’ approach, where the term ‘relational’ is used to refer to two key interrelated concepts. First, supervisory issues arise as a direct product of situations. Second, the quality of the supervisory relationship is therefore preconfigured by, and in itself preconfigures, the content, process and output of the session/meeting. For these reasons we see the context of supervision as being of fundamental importance in framing both the ‘what and how’ of the supervision session. This article describes these proposals and the relational matrix model in more detail and discusses some implications for supervision that arise. Keywords: supervision, relational, relational matrix model, situation, other, self.
{"title":"The relational matrix model of supervision: context, framing and inter-connection","authors":"Marie‐Anne Chidiac, Jim Denham-Vaughan, Lyndal Osborne","doi":"10.53667/bfyl7335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/bfyl7335","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article proposes a matrix model applicable to a wide range of supervisory relationships and settings; therapeutic and organisational. The emphasis is upon a ‘relational’ approach, where the term ‘relational’ is used to refer to two key interrelated concepts. First, supervisory issues arise as a direct product of situations. Second, the quality of the supervisory relationship is therefore preconfigured by, and in itself preconfigures, the content, process and output of the session/meeting. For these reasons we see the context of supervision as being of fundamental importance in framing both the ‘what and how’ of the supervision session. This article describes these proposals and the relational matrix model in more detail and discusses some implications for supervision that arise. Keywords: supervision, relational, relational matrix model, situation, other, self.","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125681232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: Cyber security is a term that encompasses the protection of information systems from theft or damage and is a major focus of investment by the UK government. This case study describes how Gestalt concepts of dialogue, field theory and phenomenology were used to help the board of a government department identify how they needed to transform to respond to the growing threats to the cyber security of the UK. Key words: cyber security, phenomenology, dialogue, field theory, experiment."
{"title":"Bringing Gestalt to cyber security: a case study","authors":"Maggie Marriott","doi":"10.53667/ecmf9576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/ecmf9576","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: Cyber security is a term that encompasses the protection of information systems from theft or damage and is a major focus of investment by the UK government. This case study describes how Gestalt concepts of dialogue, field theory and phenomenology were used to help the board of a government department identify how they needed to transform to respond to the growing threats to the cyber security of the UK. Key words: cyber security, phenomenology, dialogue, field theory, experiment.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125782411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: This paper addresses the experience of homophobia from a field theoretical perspective, one of the epistemological foundations of Gestalt therapy. It seeks to redefine homophobia as a field event, thus challenging the prevailing conceptualisation of internalised homophobia. The Gestalt field perspective that is most applicable in understanding the phenomenon of homophobia in our intricate person-to-person encounters is clarified. This field is a shared, complex, differentiated, phenomenal field. Some aspects of the shared phenomenal field that tend to be present, lurking for attention, are revealed. These include: the pervasiveness of homophobia; the reductionism of sexuality to sex; practitioners’ responsibility to enquire into their own sexualities; strategies to make shame tolerable; and therapist self-disclosure. Key words: homophobia, sexuality, lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) persons, shared phenomenal field, self."
{"title":"Homophobia endures in our time of changing attitudes: a ‘field’ perspective","authors":"Billy Desmond","doi":"10.53667/eeig5003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/eeig5003","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: This paper addresses the experience of homophobia from a field theoretical perspective, one of the epistemological foundations of Gestalt therapy. It seeks to redefine homophobia as a field event, thus challenging the prevailing conceptualisation of internalised homophobia. The Gestalt field perspective that is most applicable in understanding the phenomenon of homophobia in our intricate person-to-person encounters is clarified. This field is a shared, complex, differentiated, phenomenal field. Some aspects of the shared phenomenal field that tend to be present, lurking for attention, are revealed. These include: the pervasiveness of homophobia; the reductionism of sexuality to sex; practitioners’ responsibility to enquire into their own sexualities; strategies to make shame tolerable; and therapist self-disclosure. Key words: homophobia, sexuality, lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) persons, shared phenomenal field, self.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126074285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: This article shares my perspective on Malcolm Parlett’s ‘five explorations’, described in his book Future Sense (2015). Parlett presents the concept of whole intelligence, or ‘whi’, as he has named it, as ‘an holistic and inclusive general concept, which attempts to gather together a number of valued human qualities and varieties of capability’ (p. 19). The five explorations help to reveal and nurture whole intelligence. As an organisational psycholo- gist using both theoretical and experiential lenses to reflect on Parlett’s ideas, I conclude that: 1. Whole intelligence has profound implications and potential for global impact within the context of organisational change – a thesis evidenced firstly by placing Parlett’s ideas alongside related theories and then placing the explorations within my practice. 2. For the five explorations to achieve impact within the world of work they need a supporting infrastructure, to be better codified and amplified in a hyper-competitive market for manage- ment concepts. Key words: Whole intelligence, five explorations, responding, interrelating, embodying, self- recognising, experimenting, organisation development, change."
{"title":"Working with whole intelligence in organisation development and change: making meaning, creating context, increasing impact","authors":"Kiran Chitta","doi":"10.53667/ipuj5484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/ipuj5484","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: This article shares my perspective on Malcolm Parlett’s ‘five explorations’, described in his book Future Sense (2015). Parlett presents the concept of whole intelligence, or ‘whi’, as he has named it, as ‘an holistic and inclusive general concept, which attempts to gather together a number of valued human qualities and varieties of capability’ (p. 19). The five explorations help to reveal and nurture whole intelligence. As an organisational psycholo- gist using both theoretical and experiential lenses to reflect on Parlett’s ideas, I conclude that: 1. Whole intelligence has profound implications and potential for global impact within the context of organisational change – a thesis evidenced firstly by placing Parlett’s ideas alongside related theories and then placing the explorations within my practice. 2. For the five explorations to achieve impact within the world of work they need a supporting infrastructure, to be better codified and amplified in a hyper-competitive market for manage- ment concepts. Key words: Whole intelligence, five explorations, responding, interrelating, embodying, self- recognising, experimenting, organisation development, change.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128791968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: This paper discusses the compatibility of Martin Buber’s dialogic method and active Gestalt therapy interventions, which are called experiments. The authors trace a brief history of the distinction between different psychotherapy systems which focus on the therapeutic relationship on the one hand or on active behavioural interventions on the other. They submit Gestalt therapy as a modality that integrates these seeming polarities, and they discuss the theoretical and practical consistency between the dialogic method, Gestalt therapy’s change theory (‘the paradoxical theory of change’), the phenomenological method, and Gestalt therapy experiments. It is the authors’ opinion that Gestalt therapy experiments do not aim for preset behavioural goals, but that they are in complete alignment with Gestalt therapy’s dialogic attitude. A definition of the term Gestalt therapy experiment is given, and its different uses are illustrated. The concept of resistance is examined in light of Gestalt therapy’s treatment philosophy. Indications as well as cautions regarding the use of Gestalt therapy experiments are outlined and different types of experiments, including specific examples, are provided. Key words: Gestalt therapy, dialogic method, experiments, paradoxical theory of change, contact, awareness."
{"title":"Dialogue and experiment","authors":"Gary M. Yontef, Friedemann Schulz","doi":"10.53667/rpae1714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/rpae1714","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: This paper discusses the compatibility of Martin Buber’s dialogic method and active Gestalt therapy interventions, which are called experiments. The authors trace a brief history of the distinction between different psychotherapy systems which focus on the therapeutic relationship on the one hand or on active behavioural interventions on the other. They submit Gestalt therapy as a modality that integrates these seeming polarities, and they discuss the theoretical and practical consistency between the dialogic method, Gestalt therapy’s change theory (‘the paradoxical theory of change’), the phenomenological method, and Gestalt therapy experiments. It is the authors’ opinion that Gestalt therapy experiments do not aim for preset behavioural goals, but that they are in complete alignment with Gestalt therapy’s dialogic attitude. A definition of the term Gestalt therapy experiment is given, and its different uses are illustrated. The concept of resistance is examined in light of Gestalt therapy’s treatment philosophy. Indications as well as cautions regarding the use of Gestalt therapy experiments are outlined and different types of experiments, including specific examples, are provided. Key words: Gestalt therapy, dialogic method, experiments, paradoxical theory of change, contact, awareness.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124686996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: What it is that Gestalt therapists do in the clinic that is different from other therapists? What is it, in other words, that makes Gestalt therapy Gestalt, and distinguishes it from other psychotherapeutic modalities? This article describes the process of finding an expert consensus about these questions as part of the process of developing a ‘fidelity scale’ for Gestalt therapy. Using a Delphi study, eight key concepts that characterise Gestalt therapy were identified, together with the therapist behaviours that reflect those concepts. Key words: Gestalt, fidelity scale, Delphi study, developing awareness, working relationally, working in the here and now, phenomenological practice, working with embodiment, field sensitive practice, contacting processes, experimental attitude."
{"title":"What do Gestalt therapists do in the clinic? The expert consensus","authors":"M. Fogarty, S. Bhar, S. Theiler, L. O’Shea","doi":"10.53667/irfx7674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/irfx7674","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: What it is that Gestalt therapists do in the clinic that is different from other therapists? What is it, in other words, that makes Gestalt therapy Gestalt, and distinguishes it from other psychotherapeutic modalities? This article describes the process of finding an expert consensus about these questions as part of the process of developing a ‘fidelity scale’ for Gestalt therapy. Using a Delphi study, eight key concepts that characterise Gestalt therapy were identified, together with the therapist behaviours that reflect those concepts. Key words: Gestalt, fidelity scale, Delphi study, developing awareness, working relationally, working in the here and now, phenomenological practice, working with embodiment, field sensitive practice, contacting processes, experimental attitude.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128444359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：