"Abstract: What Lev Vygotsky once called the ‘higher’ psychological processes can be understood as experienced inter-human interactions that the individual has creatively appro- priated and that, by means of their dialogical format, decisively stamp his psychic activities. Through the process of creative appropriation, which has been documented in numerous infant research studies, each individual self is essentially connected with others and carries the traces of his dialogues with him – i.e. not only in the way that he will remain related to others for the rest of his life, but also in the way that he adopts the multitude of interactional experiences, in which he has been engaged with numerous others, and transforms them into aspects of his own self. These self-aspects, in turn, are engaged in a continuous dialogue with each other. Gestalt therapy techniques that use an ‘empty chair’ build on the dialogical format of the self and, thereby, acquire their efficacy. Key words: developmental psychology, dialogue, dialogicality, empty chair, interaction, plurality, relationship, self."
{"title":"The many voices of the self","authors":"Frank-M. Staemmler","doi":"10.53667/augz4787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/augz4787","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: What Lev Vygotsky once called the ‘higher’ psychological processes can be understood as experienced inter-human interactions that the individual has creatively appro- priated and that, by means of their dialogical format, decisively stamp his psychic activities. Through the process of creative appropriation, which has been documented in numerous infant research studies, each individual self is essentially connected with others and carries the traces of his dialogues with him – i.e. not only in the way that he will remain related to others for the rest of his life, but also in the way that he adopts the multitude of interactional experiences, in which he has been engaged with numerous others, and transforms them into aspects of his own self. These self-aspects, in turn, are engaged in a continuous dialogue with each other. Gestalt therapy techniques that use an ‘empty chair’ build on the dialogical format of the self and, thereby, acquire their efficacy. Key words: developmental psychology, dialogue, dialogicality, empty chair, interaction, plurality, relationship, self.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128482605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: This article analyses somatic experience in the frame of reference of Gestalt epistemology, in its phenomenological, relational and aesthetic aspects. These ‘roots’ of the idea of somatic experience lead the therapist to focus his attention, on a therapeutic level, on the movement which the therapist and the client co-create with their complementary intentionalities. The article revisits concepts such as integration, self-function, holism, aggression, and support for the now-for-next in the light of somatic experience. It also provides clinical examples of the various forms of suffering of the body-in-contact, from anxiety disorders to desensitisation, and psychosomatic disturbances. Finally, it describes a few fundamental therapeutic competences which are needed for a successful Gestalt work on the body. Key words: body therapy, movement, Gestalt psychotherapy, phenomenology of the body-in- contact, anxiety disorders, desensitisation, psychosomatic disturbances, now-for-next."
{"title":"The body as a ‘vehicle’ of our being in the world. Somatic experience in Gestalt therapy","authors":"Margherita Spagnuolo Lobb","doi":"10.53667/hsjk2292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/hsjk2292","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: This article analyses somatic experience in the frame of reference of Gestalt epistemology, in its phenomenological, relational and aesthetic aspects. These ‘roots’ of the idea of somatic experience lead the therapist to focus his attention, on a therapeutic level, on the movement which the therapist and the client co-create with their complementary intentionalities. The article revisits concepts such as integration, self-function, holism, aggression, and support for the now-for-next in the light of somatic experience. It also provides clinical examples of the various forms of suffering of the body-in-contact, from anxiety disorders to desensitisation, and psychosomatic disturbances. Finally, it describes a few fundamental therapeutic competences which are needed for a successful Gestalt work on the body. Key words: body therapy, movement, Gestalt psychotherapy, phenomenology of the body-in- contact, anxiety disorders, desensitisation, psychosomatic disturbances, now-for-next.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121151005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: This article studies the system of interchange between human and animal and develops a clinical approach to it. Through two clinical vignettes, the article illustrates how the system of mediation between humans and animals is characterised and how it provides the basis for therapeutic contact. Each vignette reveals the therapeutic value of animals, and in particular dogs. The concluding remarks primarily involve ethical considerations concerning assisted therapy with animals and then clinical implications. Key words: zooanthropology, Gestalt Animal Assisted Psychotherapy, human–animal rela- tionship."
{"title":"Can you let your dog into the room? Clinical zooanthroplogy and Gestalt Animal Assisted Psychotherapy","authors":"A. Merenda","doi":"10.53667/rjfx5262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/rjfx5262","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: This article studies the system of interchange between human and animal and develops a clinical approach to it. Through two clinical vignettes, the article illustrates how the system of mediation between humans and animals is characterised and how it provides the basis for therapeutic contact. Each vignette reveals the therapeutic value of animals, and in particular dogs. The concluding remarks primarily involve ethical considerations concerning assisted therapy with animals and then clinical implications. Key words: zooanthropology, Gestalt Animal Assisted Psychotherapy, human–animal rela- tionship.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116728722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: Anna Halprin, influential American dancer and artist, in her search for new ways to activate the transformative potential in dance, integrated Fritz Perls’ approach to Gestalt therapy in her work, called Life/Art Process. Gestalt principles of awareness in the ‘here and now’ find a structure in the Principles of the Creative Process, a central theoretical model of the Life/Art Process offering a holistic approach to creativity. The experience of physical, emotional, and mental awareness through movement extends into the field of artistic expression in dance and visual arts. The creative encounter between dance and art follows guidelines of the Psychokinetic Visualisation Process as applied to therapeutic settings. Key words: transformative potential of dance, Gestalt and dance, Principles of the Creative Process, Psychokinetic Visualisation Process, from the narrative to the abstract, the intelli- gence of the body."
{"title":"The healing encounter of dance, Gestalt, and art based on Anna Halprin’s Life/Art Process","authors":"Ursula Schorn","doi":"10.53667/ppxw4748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/ppxw4748","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: Anna Halprin, influential American dancer and artist, in her search for new ways to activate the transformative potential in dance, integrated Fritz Perls’ approach to Gestalt therapy in her work, called Life/Art Process. Gestalt principles of awareness in the ‘here and now’ find a structure in the Principles of the Creative Process, a central theoretical model of the Life/Art Process offering a holistic approach to creativity. The experience of physical, emotional, and mental awareness through movement extends into the field of artistic expression in dance and visual arts. The creative encounter between dance and art follows guidelines of the Psychokinetic Visualisation Process as applied to therapeutic settings. Key words: transformative potential of dance, Gestalt and dance, Principles of the Creative Process, Psychokinetic Visualisation Process, from the narrative to the abstract, the intelli- gence of the body.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128811144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: We human animals have always lived in intimate rapport with the rest of nature, until recently that is. Alas, now, a crisis of consciousness and culture is creating a rupture in this essential relationship, thereby impoverishing humankind and the natural world together. Especially disturbing is an escalating tendency to live as if separated from our body and from nature. The present article explicates these reciprocal forms of dissociation (with the help of Paul Goodman’s notion of ‘egoism’), and considers how an embodied relational Gestalt approach can help heal these dreadful splits. When we are more sensitively attuned to our own bodies, we become more compassionately responsive to the bodies of others, human and otherwise. Correlatively, when we welcome direct contact with the beings and presences of nature, our bodies are awakened and enlivened and our well-being is enhanced. Guided by Emmanuel Levinas’ startling phenomenological philosophy, the article explores an especially salient (but often unnoticed) phenomenon in our direct encounters with nature: namely, a distinctive ethical summons to responsibility that our vulnerable body(self) feels prior to any free choice or consent. Events from daily life and from psychotherapy are pondered by way of Goodman’s and Levinas’ views. Key words: compassion, culture, ecological, ecopsychology, embodiment, other, phenomen- ology, psychotherapy, responsibility, self."
{"title":"Healing our dissociation from body and nature: Gestalt, Levinas, and earth’s ethical call","authors":"William W. Adams","doi":"10.53667/tpbn9719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/tpbn9719","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: We human animals have always lived in intimate rapport with the rest of nature, until recently that is. Alas, now, a crisis of consciousness and culture is creating a rupture in this essential relationship, thereby impoverishing humankind and the natural world together. Especially disturbing is an escalating tendency to live as if separated from our body and from nature. The present article explicates these reciprocal forms of dissociation (with the help of Paul Goodman’s notion of ‘egoism’), and considers how an embodied relational Gestalt approach can help heal these dreadful splits. When we are more sensitively attuned to our own bodies, we become more compassionately responsive to the bodies of others, human and otherwise. Correlatively, when we welcome direct contact with the beings and presences of nature, our bodies are awakened and enlivened and our well-being is enhanced. Guided by Emmanuel Levinas’ startling phenomenological philosophy, the article explores an especially salient (but often unnoticed) phenomenon in our direct encounters with nature: namely, a distinctive ethical summons to responsibility that our vulnerable body(self) feels prior to any free choice or consent. Events from daily life and from psychotherapy are pondered by way of Goodman’s and Levinas’ views. Key words: compassion, culture, ecological, ecopsychology, embodiment, other, phenomen- ology, psychotherapy, responsibility, self.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116747871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The unity of body-mind and culture: cultural mannerisms as processes of introjection","authors":"Isabel Fernández, Sinesio Madrona Rodenas","doi":"10.53667/ugui5206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/ugui5206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123607131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: In this article I introduce the concept of psychopathological field to move from an individualistic psychopathology towards a radically relational one. I have sought to describe the concept by tracing its roots, which lie deep in Gestalt psychology, in Gestalt therapy and in phenomenology – in its classical and neo-phenomenological formulations and in its deriva- tions in psychopathology and psychiatry. From this perspective, the psychopathological field is the field of experience that is actualised in the therapeutic encounter, bringing into play at the contact-boundary the absence which it conveys. To grasp the actualisation of the field and its movements, the therapist must develop an aesthetic sensibility, which is what enables him to become attuned to the root of the experience, where the psychopathological field emerges as an atmospheric presence, a perceptive prius, before distinct subjects and objects emerge. In this way the therapist perceives how the intentionalities for contact at play in the field move and shift, so as to reveal the presence of an absence, which can then be transformed into presence itself and beauty. Taking the subject of psychopathology to be the field instead of the individual opens up a radically relational horizon, with significant implications for both clinical practice and therapy. This perspective on Gestalt therapy seeks to remain faithful to its epistemological roots while tuning in to the developments and needs of contemporary psychotherapy. Key words: psychopathological field, psychopathology, aesthetics, domains of contact, perception, Gestaltung, pain, beauty, almost-entities, new-phenomenology, trans- generational."
{"title":"From individual symptoms to psychopathological fields. Towards a field perspective on clinical human suffering","authors":"G. Francesetti","doi":"10.53667/qqwt3472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/qqwt3472","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: In this article I introduce the concept of psychopathological field to move from an individualistic psychopathology towards a radically relational one. I have sought to describe the concept by tracing its roots, which lie deep in Gestalt psychology, in Gestalt therapy and in phenomenology – in its classical and neo-phenomenological formulations and in its deriva- tions in psychopathology and psychiatry. From this perspective, the psychopathological field is the field of experience that is actualised in the therapeutic encounter, bringing into play at the contact-boundary the absence which it conveys. To grasp the actualisation of the field and its movements, the therapist must develop an aesthetic sensibility, which is what enables him to become attuned to the root of the experience, where the psychopathological field emerges as an atmospheric presence, a perceptive prius, before distinct subjects and objects emerge. In this way the therapist perceives how the intentionalities for contact at play in the field move and shift, so as to reveal the presence of an absence, which can then be transformed into presence itself and beauty. Taking the subject of psychopathology to be the field instead of the individual opens up a radically relational horizon, with significant implications for both clinical practice and therapy. This perspective on Gestalt therapy seeks to remain faithful to its epistemological roots while tuning in to the developments and needs of contemporary psychotherapy. Key words: psychopathological field, psychopathology, aesthetics, domains of contact, perception, Gestaltung, pain, beauty, almost-entities, new-phenomenology, trans- generational.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129203081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: The aim of this article is to go beyond dyadic observational units to consider the parent–child relationship starting from a primary triad formed by parents1 and the child. This triad could be analysed as an interactive matrix within the many possible combinations of new families (e.g. step families, childfree and LAT couples). In Gestalt therapy, the extension of this framework may promote an effective connection between research and clinical work: new units of observation could be processed through contact boundaries between parents with their children, as well as other family members. Key words: co-parenting, triadic assessment procedures, new family figures, Gestalt therapy."
{"title":"Taking a triangular perspective: co-parenting and Gestalt therapy","authors":"A. Merenda","doi":"10.53667/vqvu1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/vqvu1157","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: The aim of this article is to go beyond dyadic observational units to consider the parent–child relationship starting from a primary triad formed by parents1 and the child. This triad could be analysed as an interactive matrix within the many possible combinations of new families (e.g. step families, childfree and LAT couples). In Gestalt therapy, the extension of this framework may promote an effective connection between research and clinical work: new units of observation could be processed through contact boundaries between parents with their children, as well as other family members. Key words: co-parenting, triadic assessment procedures, new family figures, Gestalt therapy.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115938396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: Shyness is a universal experience that is familiar in everyday life and yet it seems largely neglected in the literature. It can be described as a continuum of experience that ranges from mild fear at the presence of a stranger or a new situation, to extreme cases of neurotic shyness. The present work explores the experience of shyness and offers a Gestalt therapy approach to this exploration. Although Gestalt therapy has not dedicated particular attention to shyness, it does offer the conceptual frame to explore the understanding of shyness, as its interest is the situation: the self emerging in the contact with the environment. As such, shyness can be described as an experience that occurs at the contact boundary affecting the relationship. Shyness and shame can be entwined in a close cycle; shyness preventing feeling shamed and shame of being shy. Shyness can be conceptualised as a creative adjustment where the organism, lacking support from the field, inhibits its aggression to the environment where his initial interest was, retroflecting this energy towards himself. This adjustment can be perpetuated in fixed gestalts. He organises himself to fit his ideation of the world instead of organising the environment; his initial interests/needs recede unaware to the background and his experience of life gets rigid. Key words: shyness, shame, shying, shy, fixed gestalt, creative adjustment, child develop- ment."
{"title":"Shyness: an everyday life concept","authors":"P. Díaz","doi":"10.53667/hebs8431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/hebs8431","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: Shyness is a universal experience that is familiar in everyday life and yet it seems largely neglected in the literature. It can be described as a continuum of experience that ranges from mild fear at the presence of a stranger or a new situation, to extreme cases of neurotic shyness. The present work explores the experience of shyness and offers a Gestalt therapy approach to this exploration. Although Gestalt therapy has not dedicated particular attention to shyness, it does offer the conceptual frame to explore the understanding of shyness, as its interest is the situation: the self emerging in the contact with the environment. As such, shyness can be described as an experience that occurs at the contact boundary affecting the relationship. Shyness and shame can be entwined in a close cycle; shyness preventing feeling shamed and shame of being shy. Shyness can be conceptualised as a creative adjustment where the organism, lacking support from the field, inhibits its aggression to the environment where his initial interest was, retroflecting this energy towards himself. This adjustment can be perpetuated in fixed gestalts. He organises himself to fit his ideation of the world instead of organising the environment; his initial interests/needs recede unaware to the background and his experience of life gets rigid. Key words: shyness, shame, shying, shy, fixed gestalt, creative adjustment, child develop- ment.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126008885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Abstract: This is a single case study on attending large groups in psychotherapy training using autoethnographic theory. Originating in a description of the personal experiences of the author attending large groups, this article presents an introduction to a wide range of large groups across different therapeutic modalities and examines an application of Gestalt therapy theory to understanding large group processes. A proposition is made to consider collective gestalts in working with large groups and to understand them as an ongoing dialogue among often opposing social forces. It is suggested that openness towards one’s own prejudices, and a rejection of finality create supportive conditions for attending to collective gestalts when participating and facilitating large groups. The article concludes with describing outcomes of large groups in three areas: diversity, learning therapeutic skills, and community building. Key words: large groups, autoethnography, prejudices, diversity, groups, psychotherapy training."
{"title":"Large groups, collective gestalts and prejudices – autoethnographic reflections on attending large groups in training","authors":"Adam Kincel","doi":"10.53667/szgj4044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53667/szgj4044","url":null,"abstract":"\"Abstract: This is a single case study on attending large groups in psychotherapy training using autoethnographic theory. Originating in a description of the personal experiences of the author attending large groups, this article presents an introduction to a wide range of large groups across different therapeutic modalities and examines an application of Gestalt therapy theory to understanding large group processes. A proposition is made to consider collective gestalts in working with large groups and to understand them as an ongoing dialogue among often opposing social forces. It is suggested that openness towards one’s own prejudices, and a rejection of finality create supportive conditions for attending to collective gestalts when participating and facilitating large groups. The article concludes with describing outcomes of large groups in three areas: diversity, learning therapeutic skills, and community building. Key words: large groups, autoethnography, prejudices, diversity, groups, psychotherapy training.\"","PeriodicalId":103162,"journal":{"name":"British Gestalt Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134569079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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