Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183195
I. Tartalja, V. Milutinovic
Introduces a class of software protocols for the maintenance of cache consistency in multiprocessors with shared main memory and private caches. These protocols are designed to be built into the operating system primitives for mutual exclusion. The approach is based on a dynamic decision about invalidation of the shared segment copy residing in the private cache, at the moment of entering into the appropriate critical region. The authors gradually introduce three consistency schemes.<>
{"title":"An approach to dynamic software cache consistency maintenance based on conditional invalidation","authors":"I. Tartalja, V. Milutinovic","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183195","url":null,"abstract":"Introduces a class of software protocols for the maintenance of cache consistency in multiprocessors with shared main memory and private caches. These protocols are designed to be built into the operating system primitives for mutual exclusion. The approach is based on a dynamic decision about invalidation of the shared segment copy residing in the private cache, at the moment of entering into the appropriate critical region. The authors gradually introduce three consistency schemes.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126295497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183417
B. Mennecke, J. Hoffer, B. E. Wynne
The psychology, speech communications, and management literature is rich with theory on the topic of group history and development. Three general categories of developmental models have been proposed: progressive, cyclical, and non-sequential. These models suggest that group performance, member behavior, and task focus change as the group matures and develops. Group support systems (GSS) have been created to assist groups in performing their tasks and activities. Several studies of key variables that influence group performance have produced mixed, and in some cases conflicting, results. This may be partially due to a lack of attention to the issue of group history and development. Only two known GSS studies address the effects of group development on group process, performance, and efficiency. To facilitate additional research into this area, a research framework that represents this development process is proposed along with several propositions implied by this framework.<>
{"title":"Group development and history in GSS research: a new research perspective","authors":"B. Mennecke, J. Hoffer, B. E. Wynne","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183417","url":null,"abstract":"The psychology, speech communications, and management literature is rich with theory on the topic of group history and development. Three general categories of developmental models have been proposed: progressive, cyclical, and non-sequential. These models suggest that group performance, member behavior, and task focus change as the group matures and develops. Group support systems (GSS) have been created to assist groups in performing their tasks and activities. Several studies of key variables that influence group performance have produced mixed, and in some cases conflicting, results. This may be partially due to a lack of attention to the issue of group history and development. Only two known GSS studies address the effects of group development on group process, performance, and efficiency. To facilitate additional research into this area, a research framework that represents this development process is proposed along with several propositions implied by this framework.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127530857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183310
P. Markopoulos, J. Pycock, S. Wilson, P. Johnson
Modern user interface development environments are based on fast prototyping which as a methodology does not incorporate any theory or design principles. Adept (advanced design environment for prototyping with tasks) incorporates a theory of modelling users and user task knowledge known as task knowledge structures and extends it to a theoretical framework for modelling user, task and interface characteristics. The paper introduces the underlying framework, and discusses how this can be used to support task based user interface design.<>
{"title":"Adept-a task based design environment","authors":"P. Markopoulos, J. Pycock, S. Wilson, P. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183310","url":null,"abstract":"Modern user interface development environments are based on fast prototyping which as a methodology does not incorporate any theory or design principles. Adept (advanced design environment for prototyping with tasks) incorporates a theory of modelling users and user task knowledge known as task knowledge structures and extends it to a theoretical framework for modelling user, task and interface characteristics. The paper introduces the underlying framework, and discusses how this can be used to support task based user interface design.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127406104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183368
J. Bouška, S. Guthrie, K. Valiquette, N. Oak, W. Wehrs
The paper presents the initial stages in an empirical study assessing the effectiveness of an interorganizational information system. The evaluation problem is to validate value benefits to the investing organization that are recaptured from primary effects on customers. Business Value Linkage (BVL) correlation, a statistical evaluation methodology, is employed. Since the data set includes unique information on customer use of the system, the statistical model is specified to examine the effects of variation in IT input measurement on the estimation results. The value linkage to be analyzed promises to allow for both stages of the BVL methodology. If the first stage in the linkage is validated, a parallel study may be employed to determine revenue effects.<>
{"title":"Using BVL correlation to validate the effectiveness of an interorganizational system: analysis and statistical modeling","authors":"J. Bouška, S. Guthrie, K. Valiquette, N. Oak, W. Wehrs","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183368","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the initial stages in an empirical study assessing the effectiveness of an interorganizational information system. The evaluation problem is to validate value benefits to the investing organization that are recaptured from primary effects on customers. Business Value Linkage (BVL) correlation, a statistical evaluation methodology, is employed. Since the data set includes unique information on customer use of the system, the statistical model is specified to examine the effects of variation in IT input measurement on the estimation results. The value linkage to be analyzed promises to allow for both stages of the BVL methodology. If the first stage in the linkage is validated, a parallel study may be employed to determine revenue effects.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114159888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183335
S. Nettles, Jeannette M. Wing
Persistence means objects live potentially forever. Undoability means that any change to a program's store can potentially be undone. In their design and implementation of support for single-threaded nested transactions in Standard ML of New Jersey (SML/NJ), the authors provide persistence and undoability as orthogonal features and combine them in a simple and elegant manner. They provide support for persistence through an SML interface that lets users manipulate a set of persistent roots and provides a save function that causes all data reachable from the persistent roots to be moved into the persistent heap. They provide support for undoability through an SML interface that exports two functions: checkpoint, which checkpoints the current store, and restore, which undoes all changes made to the previously checkpointed store. Finally, they succinctly define a higher-order function transact completely in terms of the interfaces for persistence and undoability.<>
{"title":"Persistence+undoability=transactions","authors":"S. Nettles, Jeannette M. Wing","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183335","url":null,"abstract":"Persistence means objects live potentially forever. Undoability means that any change to a program's store can potentially be undone. In their design and implementation of support for single-threaded nested transactions in Standard ML of New Jersey (SML/NJ), the authors provide persistence and undoability as orthogonal features and combine them in a simple and elegant manner. They provide support for persistence through an SML interface that lets users manipulate a set of persistent roots and provides a save function that causes all data reachable from the persistent roots to be moved into the persistent heap. They provide support for undoability through an SML interface that exports two functions: checkpoint, which checkpoints the current store, and restore, which undoes all changes made to the previously checkpointed store. Finally, they succinctly define a higher-order function transact completely in terms of the interfaces for persistence and undoability.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122551686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183512
M. Serva, J. Cooprider, R. Lee
Many of the problems in systems development have been caused by the lack of consideration for organizational and political factors. This paper proposes the use of a three-level methodology for representing organizational and political factors in information systems design through the use of influence diagrams. The methodology breaks down the representation into the three levels: communication, probability, and computation. A prototype system was developed to facilitate influence diagram calculations. The proposed framework should facilitate communication between designers and domain experts, identify factors that hinder successful system implementation, and provide a measure for system success.<>
{"title":"Using influence diagrams for representing organizational and political factors in information system design","authors":"M. Serva, J. Cooprider, R. Lee","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183512","url":null,"abstract":"Many of the problems in systems development have been caused by the lack of consideration for organizational and political factors. This paper proposes the use of a three-level methodology for representing organizational and political factors in information systems design through the use of influence diagrams. The methodology breaks down the representation into the three levels: communication, probability, and computation. A prototype system was developed to facilitate influence diagram calculations. The proposed framework should facilitate communication between designers and domain experts, identify factors that hinder successful system implementation, and provide a measure for system success.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123075950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183159
T. Ebisuzaki, T. Ito, J. Makino, S. Okumura, D. Sugimoto
The authors are developing GRAPE-2A which is a back-end processor to accelerate the simulations of many-body systems such as stellar clusters and systems of molecules. GRAPE-2A calculates forces exerted on one particle from all other particles. The host computer, connected to GRAPE-2A through a VME bus, performs other calculations such as time integration. In the simulation of many-body systems, almost all computation time is consumed in the calculation of forces between particles, i.e. gravitational, Coulomb, and van der Waals forces. GRAPE-2A can calculate the forces with an arbitrary functional form using a hardwired pipeline. The host computer can set the functional form of the force by sending the interpolation data to GRAPE-2A. The computational speed of GRAPE-2A is 300 MFLOPS. Aiming at a speed of 1 TFLOPS, the authors are planning to develop a GRAPE system in which many GRAPE pipelines work in parallel.<>
{"title":"GRAPE-2A: a special purpose computer for simulations of many-body systems with arbitrary central force","authors":"T. Ebisuzaki, T. Ito, J. Makino, S. Okumura, D. Sugimoto","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183159","url":null,"abstract":"The authors are developing GRAPE-2A which is a back-end processor to accelerate the simulations of many-body systems such as stellar clusters and systems of molecules. GRAPE-2A calculates forces exerted on one particle from all other particles. The host computer, connected to GRAPE-2A through a VME bus, performs other calculations such as time integration. In the simulation of many-body systems, almost all computation time is consumed in the calculation of forces between particles, i.e. gravitational, Coulomb, and van der Waals forces. GRAPE-2A can calculate the forces with an arbitrary functional form using a hardwired pipeline. The host computer can set the functional form of the force by sending the interpolation data to GRAPE-2A. The computational speed of GRAPE-2A is 300 MFLOPS. Aiming at a speed of 1 TFLOPS, the authors are planning to develop a GRAPE system in which many GRAPE pipelines work in parallel.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132952002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183479
G. Widmeyer
Discusses the design of executive support systems in an organizational environment based upon open loop control as opposed to closed loop control. This change in view supports a faster response to changes in the external environment but it requires that the executive process must increase its issue scanning and tracking activities. This research is based on the descriptive literature of executive tasks, management control, and successful strategic decision processes. It is also based on the normative literature of automatic control systems. These two sources are synthesized to provide some characteristics of an executive support systems described using an entity-relationship diagram and a data flow diagram. The author argues that the key characteristics of this support are that the data should be issue-oriented and the processes should be learning-oriented.<>
{"title":"Executive support in an open loop control environment","authors":"G. Widmeyer","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183479","url":null,"abstract":"Discusses the design of executive support systems in an organizational environment based upon open loop control as opposed to closed loop control. This change in view supports a faster response to changes in the external environment but it requires that the executive process must increase its issue scanning and tracking activities. This research is based on the descriptive literature of executive tasks, management control, and successful strategic decision processes. It is also based on the normative literature of automatic control systems. These two sources are synthesized to provide some characteristics of an executive support systems described using an entity-relationship diagram and a data flow diagram. The author argues that the key characteristics of this support are that the data should be issue-oriented and the processes should be learning-oriented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"2 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113962989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183469
H. Yazici, K. Muthuswamy, J. Vila
Recent developments in decision support systems (DSSs) design suggest that as the capabilities of systems expand, the need for designing effective and flexible interfaces increases significantly. However, little research has been done in the area of interface management in DSS. This paper examines the role of user, task, and system characteristics in determining display methods, and advocates an expert system approach to system-user interface management within the context of a DSS. The authors present the architecture of such a system-expert system interface manager (ESIM)-discuss a prototype implementation, and identify areas for future research.<>
{"title":"An expert system approach for interface management in decision support systems","authors":"H. Yazici, K. Muthuswamy, J. Vila","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183469","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments in decision support systems (DSSs) design suggest that as the capabilities of systems expand, the need for designing effective and flexible interfaces increases significantly. However, little research has been done in the area of interface management in DSS. This paper examines the role of user, task, and system characteristics in determining display methods, and advocates an expert system approach to system-user interface management within the context of a DSS. The authors present the architecture of such a system-expert system interface manager (ESIM)-discuss a prototype implementation, and identify areas for future research.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122455323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-01-07DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.1992.183204
A. Formella, A. Obe, W. Paul, T. Rauber, D. Schmidt
The paper describes the architecture of the SPARK 2.0 processor and introduces a compiler for VectorPASCAL. Features of the architecture are the flexible address generation during vector operations and the large memories closely connected to the functional units. The source language allows programs to be written with vector statements avoiding scalar inner loops. The compiler employs several optimizing strategies to utilize the architectural benefits efficiently.<>
{"title":"The SPARK 2.0 system-a special purpose vector processor with a VectorPASCAL compiler","authors":"A. Formella, A. Obe, W. Paul, T. Rauber, D. Schmidt","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.1992.183204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1992.183204","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the architecture of the SPARK 2.0 processor and introduces a compiler for VectorPASCAL. Features of the architecture are the flexible address generation during vector operations and the large memories closely connected to the functional units. The source language allows programs to be written with vector statements avoiding scalar inner loops. The compiler employs several optimizing strategies to utilize the architectural benefits efficiently.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":103288,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","volume":"352 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122849211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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