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Visual Question Answering Model Based on CAM and GCN 基于CAM和GCN的可视化问答模型
Ping Wen, Matthew Li, Zhang Zhen, Wang Ze
Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a challenging problem that needs to combine concepts from computer vision and natural language processing. In recent years, researchers have proposed many methods for this typical multimodal problem. Most existing methods use a two-stream strategy, i.e., compute image and question features separately and fuse them using various techniques, rarely relying on higher-level image representations, to capture semantic and spatial relationships. Based on the above problems, a visual question answering model (CAM-GCN) based on Cooperative Attention Mechanism (CAM) and Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) is proposed. First, the graph learning module and the concept of graph convolution are combined to learn the problem-specific graph representation of the input image and capture the interactive image representation of the specific problem. Image region dependence, and finally, continue to optimize the fused features through feature enhancement. The test results on the VQA v2 dataset show that the CAM-GCN model achieves better classification results than the current representative models.
视觉问答(VQA)是一个具有挑战性的问题,需要将计算机视觉和自然语言处理的概念结合起来。近年来,研究人员针对这一典型的多模态问题提出了许多方法。大多数现有方法使用两流策略,即分别计算图像和问题特征,并使用各种技术将它们融合在一起,很少依赖于更高级的图像表示,以捕获语义和空间关系。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于协同注意机制(CAM)和图卷积网络(GCN)的可视化问答模型(CAM-GCN)。首先,将图学习模块与图卷积概念相结合,学习输入图像的特定问题图表示,并捕获特定问题的交互式图像表示。图像区域依赖,最后通过特征增强继续优化融合特征。在VQA v2数据集上的测试结果表明,CAM-GCN模型比目前的代表性模型取得了更好的分类效果。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Exposure Control of Line Structured Light Sensor Based on Fuzzy Logic 基于模糊逻辑的线结构光传感器自动曝光控制
Y. Liu, Wangqian Sun
Exposure time is one of the important reasons that affect the accuracy of 3D vision measurement. Different exposure times need to be set to ensure the measurement accuracy for parcel volume measurement in different lighting environments. The existing exposure time setting is mainly based on manual experience and lacks scientific basis. For this reason, this paper proposes an algorithm for automatic camera exposure adjustment based on fuzzy rules. The exposure time is coarsely adjusted first and then finely adjusted to obtain a more accurate exposure time. Experiments show that the proposed camera automatic exposure algorithm using fuzzy rules is fast and reliable.
曝光时间是影响三维视觉测量精度的重要因素之一。在不同的光照环境下,包裹体积测量需要设置不同的曝光时间,以保证测量精度。现有的曝光时间设定主要基于人工经验,缺乏科学依据。为此,本文提出了一种基于模糊规则的相机曝光自动调节算法。先粗调曝光时间,再细调曝光时间,以获得更精确的曝光时间。实验表明,基于模糊规则的相机自动曝光算法快速可靠。
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引用次数: 0
Improved Layered Minimum Sum Decoding Algorithm Based on Overestimation 基于过估计的改进分层最小和译码算法
Liu Yu, Lin Bai, Yaohui Hao
Quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes are linear block codes with performance close to the Shannon limit. The layered minimum sum (LMS) decoding algorithm speeds up the decoding convergence by layering the check matrix and updating the nodes according to the layers. However, the MS algorithm has the problem of over estimation and affects the decoding performance due to its simplified strategy of MS algorithm updating the message of check nodes. Therefore, this paper proposes a layered minimum sum decoding algorithm based on overestimation. By setting the correction threshold and updating the check nodes by the conditions, the decoding performance is improved. When the code length is 2048 and the bit error rate is , the proposed algorithm can improve the decoding convergence speed by about 25% and obtain a coding gain of about 0.1 dB.
准循环低密度奇偶校验码是一种性能接近香农极限的线性分组码。分层最小和(LMS)译码算法通过对校验矩阵进行分层并按层更新节点来加快译码收敛速度。然而,由于MS算法对检查节点的消息更新策略进行了简化,存在过估计的问题,影响了译码性能。为此,本文提出了一种基于过估计的分层最小和译码算法。通过设置纠错阈值,并根据条件更新校验节点,提高译码性能。当码长为2048,误码率为时,该算法可将译码收敛速度提高约25%,获得约0.1 dB的编码增益。
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引用次数: 0
Full-Rotation Quantum Convolutional Neural Network for Abnormal Intrusion Detection System 变态入侵检测系统的全旋转量子卷积神经网络
Suya Chao, Guang Yang, Min Nie, Yuan-hua Liu, Meiling Zhang
Intrusion detection system (IDS) is a significant mechanism to improve network security. As a promising technique, machine learning (ML) methods has been applied in IDS to obtain high classification accuracy. However, classical ML based IDS methods hit a bottleneck in computing performance in case of huge network traffic and complex high-dimensional data. Due to the parallelism, superposition, entanglement of quantum computing, quantum computing provides a new solution to speed up the classical ML algorithms. This paper proposes a novel IDS scheme based on full-rotation quantum convolutional neural network (FR-QCNN). The key component of the FR-QCNN is the quantum convolution filter, which is composed of coding layer, variational layer and measurement layer. Different from the traditional quantum convolutional neural network, a full-rotation quantum circuit is used in the variational layer of the FR-QCNN, realizing a complete parameter update in the model training. Experiment on dataset from KDD Cup shows that the IDS classification accuracy of FR-QCNN is higher than classical ML models such as convolutional neural network (CNN), decision tree (DT) and support vector machine (SVM), as well as higher than traditional quantum convolutional neural network(QCNN). Meanwhile, FR-QCNN and QCNN have lower space complexity and time complexity than classical ML methods.
入侵检测系统(IDS)是提高网络安全的重要机制。机器学习方法作为一种很有前途的技术,已被应用于IDS中以获得较高的分类精度。然而,传统的基于ML的入侵检测方法在网络流量大、高维数据复杂的情况下,在计算性能上遇到瓶颈。由于量子计算的并行性、叠加性、纠缠性,量子计算为经典机器学习算法的提速提供了新的解决方案。提出了一种基于全旋转量子卷积神经网络(FR-QCNN)的入侵检测方案。FR-QCNN的关键部件是量子卷积滤波器,它由编码层、变分层和测量层组成。与传统的量子卷积神经网络不同,FR-QCNN的变分层采用了全旋转量子电路,实现了模型训练中参数的完整更新。在KDD Cup数据集上的实验表明,FR-QCNN的IDS分类准确率高于卷积神经网络(CNN)、决策树(DT)和支持向量机(SVM)等经典ML模型,也高于传统量子卷积神经网络(QCNN)。同时,与经典ML方法相比,FR-QCNN和QCNN具有更低的空间复杂度和时间复杂度。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Deep Learning Frameworks 深度学习框架的性能评估与分析
Xiaoyan Xie, Wanqi He, Yun Zhu, Hao Xu
The rapid development of deep learning has contributed to the increasing number of open-source deep learning frameworks, and in practice, benchmarking deep learning frameworks to effectively understand the performance characteristics of these frameworks and make choices becomes a challenge. Based on this, this paper uses three types of neural networks (convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and vision transformer models) to conduct extensive experimental evaluation and analysis of three popular deep learning frameworks, TensorFlow, PyTorch, and PaddlePaddle. Experiments are mainly conducted in CPU and GPU environments using different datasets, and performance parameters such as accuracy, training time, inference time, hardware utilization and other non-performance factors are considered. Finally, the performance characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of different frameworks are analyzed based on the above indexes, which provides theoretical guidance for users to choose.
深度学习的快速发展催生了越来越多的开源深度学习框架,在实践中,对深度学习框架进行基准测试以有效地了解这些框架的性能特征并做出选择成为一个挑战。基于此,本文使用三种类型的神经网络(卷积神经网络、递归神经网络和视觉变形模型)对TensorFlow、PyTorch和PaddlePaddle这三种流行的深度学习框架进行了广泛的实验评估和分析。实验主要在CPU和GPU环境下使用不同的数据集进行,并考虑准确率、训练时间、推理时间、硬件利用率等性能参数等非性能因素。最后,根据上述指标分析了不同框架的性能特点、优缺点,为用户选择提供理论指导。
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引用次数: 2
Reduced-Dimension DOA Estimation Based on MUSIC Algorithm in L-Shaped Array 基于MUSIC算法的l形阵列降维方位估计
Junliang Yang, Hu He, Shumin Wang
According to the heavy computation and high cost of two-dimensional (2D) multiple signal classification (MUSIC) to achieve 2D direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in various complex arrays, this paper proposes a reduced-dimensional (RD) estimation algorithm based on L-shaped uniform array without the need of 2D spectral peak search and secondary optimization. This algorithm makes full use of the structural characteristics of L-shaped array, decomposes the L-shaped uniform array into two uniform linear arrays, and estimates the angle between the source and the X-axis and Y-axis by one-dimensional (1D) search respectively, then obtains the 2D-DOA estimation according to the geometric relationship and uses the maximum likelihood method for angle matching. In this algorithm, the time-consuming 2D search is transformed into 1D search, which greatly reduces the computational complexity. In order to further reduce the complexity and improve the estimation accuracy, the root-finding method can be used instead of one-dimensional search. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher DOA estimation performance as well as faster operation speed.
针对二维(2D)多信号分类(MUSIC)在各种复杂阵列中实现二维到达方向(DOA)估计的计算量大、成本高的问题,本文提出了一种基于l形均匀阵列的降维(RD)估计算法,无需二维谱峰搜索和二次优化。该算法充分利用l形阵的结构特点,将l形均匀阵分解为两个均匀线性阵,分别通过一维搜索估计光源与x轴和y轴的夹角,然后根据几何关系得到2D-DOA估计,并采用极大似然法进行角度匹配。该算法将耗时的二维搜索转化为一维搜索,大大降低了计算复杂度。为了进一步降低复杂性和提高估计精度,可以使用寻根法代替一维搜索。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较高的DOA估计性能和较快的运算速度。
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引用次数: 0
First Describe, Then Depict: Generating Covers for Music and Books via Extracting Keywords: This paper presents two methods to generate high resolution uncopyrighted book covers or music album covers. 先描述,再描述:通过提取关键词生成音乐和书籍封面:本文提出了两种生成高分辨率无版权图书封面或音乐专辑封面的方法。
V. Efimova, V. Shalamov, A. Filchenkov
In this paper, we consider the two algorithms of generating artwork covers based on texts or audio file features. The resulting image is combined from existing images labelled with keywords after applying filter-based image harmonization. To achieve realistic composition, we train GAN to predict an appropriate filter or apply emotion-based Neural Style Transfer. The quality of generated book covers and music album covers was evaluated by assessors. According to their assessment, the suggested algorithms appeared to produce a better result compared to the existing solutions. The suggested methods also achieve printing quality and require less time for computations, moreover, generated images can be used without copyright infringement.
在本文中,我们考虑了基于文本或音频文件特征生成艺术品封面的两种算法。在应用基于滤波器的图像协调后,将带有关键字标记的现有图像组合在一起。为了实现逼真的构图,我们训练GAN来预测适当的过滤器或应用基于情绪的神经风格转移。生成的书籍封面和音乐专辑封面的质量由评审员进行评估。根据他们的评估,与现有的解决方案相比,建议的算法似乎产生了更好的结果。所提出的方法既达到了打印质量,又减少了计算时间,而且生成的图像可以在不侵犯版权的情况下使用。
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引用次数: 0
Container Anomaly Detection System Based on Improved-iForest and eBPF 基于改进ifforest和eBPF的容器异常检测系统
Yuxuan Bai, Lijun Chen, Fan Zhang
Abstract: Container has become an important part of cloud-native architecture. More and more enterprises are deploying their core business on containers. The running status of containers is very important for the stability of their business. This paper proposes a container anomaly detection system based on the improved isolation forest algorithm and eBPF. The data is directly extracted from the kernel through eBPF, and the data fluctuating with time is corrected by the method of polynomial regression, and then the iTrees are constructed by the improved isolation forest algorithm, and the abnormal score is calculated to locate the abnormal container. Experiments show that the system improves the precision and recall rate compared with the classical isolation forest algorithm, and the resource overhead is very small.
摘要:容器已经成为云原生架构的重要组成部分。越来越多的企业将其核心业务部署在容器上。容器的运行状态对其业务的稳定性至关重要。本文提出了一种基于改进隔离森林算法和eBPF的容器异常检测系统。通过eBPF直接从核中提取数据,通过多项式回归的方法对随时间波动的数据进行校正,然后通过改进的隔离森林算法构造ittrees,并计算异常分数来定位异常容器。实验表明,与经典的隔离森林算法相比,该系统提高了准确率和查全率,且资源开销很小。
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引用次数: 0
Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation Based on Improved DAFormer 基于改进DAFormer的无监督域自适应语义分割
Hao Liu, Jingchun Piao
To overcome the intensive of manual labeling tasks at the pixel level required for semantic segmentation under traditional supervised learning, an Unsupervised Domain Adaptive for Semantic Segmentation (UDASS) method based on DAFormer improved model is proposed. This model adapted the Max Mean Discrepancy (MMD) method in the regenerated Hilbert space to help the alignment of the feature distribution, the soft paste strategy to retain the partially covered image blocks to help the model to accelerate convergence, the non-convex consistency regularization at the output level to enhance the robustness of the network, and the spatial pyramid pooling framework and the decoder with large window attention collaboration to improve its consistency. The proposed method was evaluated on the public dataset, and obtained the of 2.4% mIoU improvement in GTA5-to-Cityscapes and 1.1% mIoU in SYSTHIA-to-Cityscapes, respectively, which proved that this method was effective for DAFormer improvement.
针对传统监督学习下语义分割需要大量像素级人工标注的问题,提出了一种基于DAFormer改进模型的无监督域自适应语义分割(UDASS)方法。该模型采用再生Hilbert空间中的最大均值差异(MMD)方法来帮助特征分布对齐,采用软粘贴策略来保留部分覆盖的图像块以帮助模型加速收敛,在输出层采用非凸一致性正则化来增强网络的鲁棒性,并采用空间金字塔池化框架和具有大窗口注意力的解码器协作来提高其一致性。在公共数据集上对该方法进行了评估,gta5 -to- cityscape和sythia -to- cityscape分别提高了2.4%和1.1%的mIoU,证明了该方法对DAFormer的改进是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
A Bounded Model Checking Method for Concurrent Systems in xUML4MC xUML4MC中并发系统的有界模型检验方法
Xinfeng Shu, Zewei Yang
In response to the problem that software testing cannot satisfy the verification of multi-threaded programs, a visual modeling language (Extending UML for Model Checking, xUML4MC) oriented concurrent program verification method is proposed. The concurrent program to be verified is visually modeled by xUML4MC; firstly, the visual concurrent system model is analyzed using program analysis techniques, and the concurrent system model is sequenced, and then the sequenced system model is transformed into a Lightweight Concurrent Transition System(LCTS);Then, we construct an impoverished system automaton corresponding to the LCTS, simplify its state space using a partial-order statute algorithm, extract the nature non-automaton to be verified, and verify the simplified impoverished system automaton and the nature non-automaton using a model checking technique. Experiments show that the developed model checking tool can successfully detect errors in concurrent programs and give counterexample paths.
针对软件测试不能满足多线程程序验证的问题,提出了一种面向可视化建模语言(extended UML for Model Checking, xUML4MC)的并发程序验证方法。用xUML4MC对待验证并发程序进行可视化建模;首先利用程序分析技术对可视化并发系统模型进行分析,并对并发系统模型进行排序,然后将排序后的系统模型转化为轻量级并发转换系统(LCTS);然后构造与LCTS对应的穷化系统自动机,利用分序规约算法简化其状态空间,提取待验证的本质非自动机;并利用模型检验技术对简化贫困系统的自动机和自然非自动机进行了验证。实验表明,所开发的模型检测工具能够成功地检测并发程序中的错误,并给出反例路径。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 2022 5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition
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