Background In Guyana, the five leading causes of death are ischaemic heart disease, cerebro-vascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Maintaining healthy eating habits and adequate daily physical activity could prevent many of these conditions. Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary and physical activity behaviours of adolescents in selected secondary schools of Guyana. Methods A cross-sectional Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey was conducted in 12 secondary schools; two schools each from coastal regions 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and Georgetown, the capital city of Guyana, 724 students in Form1 to four participated. A National Youth Physical Activity and Nutritional Survey (NYPANS) tool was used for data collection. Height and weight were measured using standard protocols. Descriptive and inferential statistics 95% confidence intervals and Chi-squared were computed using SPSS IBM 20. Results Fifty-four per cent of students reported participating in physical activity that made them sweat and breathe hard for at least 20 minutes on three or more of the previous seven days. Almost half (48.7%) of the students played video or computer games for one or more hours on an average school day. The percentage of students who reported not attending PE classes at all at school was 56.3%. Only 12.6% and 12.9% of students reported eating two or more cups of fruit and vegetables, respectively each day. Conclusion Results from this study reveal that participation in healthy dietary and physical activity behaviours among adolescents in selected secondary schools of Guyana, is far from optimal.
在圭亚那，造成死亡的五大原因是缺血性心脏病、脑血管病、癌症、糖尿病和高血压。保持健康的饮食习惯和充足的日常体育活动可以预防许多这些疾病。目的研究圭亚那部分中学青少年的饮食和身体活动行为。方法对12所中学的青少年进行横断面体育活动与营养调查;来自圭亚那沿海地区2、3、4、5、6和首都乔治城的两所学校，一年级至四年级的724名学生参加了此次活动。使用全国青少年身体活动和营养调查(NYPANS)工具收集数据。身高和体重采用标准方案测量。描述性和推断性统计95%置信区间和卡方使用SPSS IBM 20计算。结果54%的学生报告说，在过去的七天中，有三天或更多的时间参加了让他们出汗和呼吸困难的体育活动，至少持续20分钟。几乎一半(48.7%)的学生在上学日平均玩一个小时或更长时间的视频或电脑游戏。不参加学校体育课的学生占56.3%。只有12.6%和12.9%的学生报告说他们每天分别吃两杯或两杯以上的水果和蔬菜。结论本研究结果表明，圭亚那选定中学青少年健康饮食和身体活动行为的参与情况远未达到最佳水平。
{"title":"An Assessment of Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviours of Adolescents in Selected Secondary Schools Guyana.","authors":"L. Stephanas","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.199","url":null,"abstract":"Background\u0000In Guyana, the five leading causes of death are ischaemic heart disease, cerebro-vascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Maintaining healthy eating habits and adequate daily physical activity could prevent many of these conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Aim\u0000The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary and physical activity behaviours of adolescents in selected secondary schools of Guyana.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000A cross-sectional Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey was conducted in 12 secondary schools; two schools each from coastal regions 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and Georgetown, the capital city of Guyana, 724 students in Form1 to four participated. A National Youth Physical Activity and Nutritional Survey (NYPANS) tool was used for data collection. Height and weight were measured using standard protocols. Descriptive and inferential statistics 95% confidence intervals and Chi-squared were computed using SPSS IBM 20.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Fifty-four per cent of students reported participating in physical activity that made them sweat and breathe hard for at least 20 minutes on three or more of the previous seven days. Almost half (48.7%) of the students played video or computer games for one or more hours on an average school day. The percentage of students who reported not attending PE classes at all at school was 56.3%. Only 12.6% and 12.9% of students reported eating two or more cups of fruit and vegetables, respectively each day.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Results from this study reveal that participation in healthy dietary and physical activity behaviours among adolescents in selected secondary schools of Guyana, is far from optimal.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114638587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ischaemic colitis results from a chronic or acute drop in the blood supply to the bowel and accounts for 6‒18% of the causes of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Diabetes mellitus, hypotension, advanced age, aortic surgery and peripheral vascular disease have also been suggested to be predisposing factors for ischaemic colitis (1). In this report, we present a case of ischaemic colitis in haemodialysis with a good response to conservative treatment.
{"title":"Ischaemic Colitis during Haemodialysis.","authors":"F. Sapmaz, İ. Kalkan, S. Guliter","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2014.351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2014.351","url":null,"abstract":"Ischaemic colitis results from a chronic or acute drop in the blood supply to the bowel and accounts for 6‒18% of the causes of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Diabetes mellitus, hypotension, advanced age, aortic surgery and peripheral vascular disease have also been suggested to be predisposing factors for ischaemic colitis (1). In this report, we present a case of ischaemic colitis in haemodialysis with a good response to conservative treatment.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"65 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131017662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Ma, L. Wang, S. Qiao, X. Wang, X. Zhang, R. Sun, J. Liu, Y. Li
Objective To identify the risk factors for death of elderly patients with acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis (AOSC). Methods Three hundred and forty-eight AOSC patients > 60 years of age were retrospectively analysed in the First People's Hospital of Jining from June 2005 to June 2013. The patients were treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) immediately after AOSC was diagnosed to clear the stones and drain, and surgical procedures were then performed in the patients in whom ERCP failed. The risk factors were identified with univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Among the 348 AOSC patients, 27 patients died after treatment. Two hundred and forty-nine patients were treated with ERCP, and 11 patients died; 99 patients were treated with ERCP plus surgery, and 16 patients died. Two hundred and thirty-two patients were treated within 24 hours after they were admitted to the hospital, and 10 patients died; 116 patients were treated beyond 24 hours, and 17 patients died. According to the results of the univariate and multivariate analysis, shock, ERCP plus surgery, advanced age, low platelet count, the presence of co-morbidities, door to treatment time > 24 hours, hypoproteinaemia, and hyperbilirubinaemia were the independent risk factors for death of elderly patients with AOSC. Conclusion The strategies of dealing with these risk factors should be researched to reduce mortality of elderly patients with AOSC.
{"title":"Risk Factors for Death of Elderly Patients with Acute Obstructive Suppurative Cholangitis.","authors":"C. Ma, L. Wang, S. Qiao, X. Wang, X. Zhang, R. Sun, J. Liu, Y. Li","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2014.345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2014.345","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000To identify the risk factors for death of elderly patients with acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis (AOSC).\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Three hundred and forty-eight AOSC patients > 60 years of age were retrospectively analysed in the First People's Hospital of Jining from June 2005 to June 2013. The patients were treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) immediately after AOSC was diagnosed to clear the stones and drain, and surgical procedures were then performed in the patients in whom ERCP failed. The risk factors were identified with univariate and multivariate analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Among the 348 AOSC patients, 27 patients died after treatment. Two hundred and forty-nine patients were treated with ERCP, and 11 patients died; 99 patients were treated with ERCP plus surgery, and 16 patients died. Two hundred and thirty-two patients were treated within 24 hours after they were admitted to the hospital, and 10 patients died; 116 patients were treated beyond 24 hours, and 17 patients died. According to the results of the univariate and multivariate analysis, shock, ERCP plus surgery, advanced age, low platelet count, the presence of co-morbidities, door to treatment time > 24 hours, hypoproteinaemia, and hyperbilirubinaemia were the independent risk factors for death of elderly patients with AOSC.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The strategies of dealing with these risk factors should be researched to reduce mortality of elderly patients with AOSC.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129366307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Nikolov, J. Nikolova, M. Orbecova, T. Deneva, L. Vladimirova, P. Atanasova, P. Hrischev, E. Georgieva, F. Nikolov
Pre-hypertension is a precursor of hypertension. Endothelial dysfunction is the key element for early prediction of cardiovascular events. We investigated whether flow mediated dilation, a non-invasive method for assessment of endothelial function, is decreased and if there is a parallel with some biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. 103 patients with pre-hypertension at the age 43. 5 ± 6 years, were enrolled. Weight, body surface area, waist, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma glucose were followed up for each patient, indicating statistically higher values in the pre-hypertensive subjects. Flow mediated dilation was reduced when compared to our control data from healthy volunteers. It was in parallel with ADMA and sVCAM -1. There were no significant differences in sICAM-1. Pre-hypertension objects demonstrated reduced flow mediated dilation and significantly changed ADMA and sVCAM-1. Intima-media thickness did not show any significant differences between pre-hypertensive and healthy objects. In conclusion, there is a correlation between clinical chemical biomarkers, flow mediated dilation, endothelial dysfunction and pre-hypertension, which confirms their role as a predictor of pre-hypertention and cardiovascular disorders and as a challenge for primary prevention.
{"title":"Flow Mediated Vasodilation and Some Biomarkers of Endothelial Activation in Pre-Hypertensive Objects.","authors":"P. Nikolov, J. Nikolova, M. Orbecova, T. Deneva, L. Vladimirova, P. Atanasova, P. Hrischev, E. Georgieva, F. Nikolov","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.033","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-hypertension is a precursor of hypertension. Endothelial dysfunction is the key element for early prediction of cardiovascular events. We investigated whether flow mediated dilation, a non-invasive method for assessment of endothelial function, is decreased and if there is a parallel with some biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. 103 patients with pre-hypertension at the age 43. 5 ± 6 years, were enrolled. Weight, body surface area, waist, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma glucose were followed up for each patient, indicating statistically higher values in the pre-hypertensive subjects. Flow mediated dilation was reduced when compared to our control data from healthy volunteers. It was in parallel with ADMA and sVCAM -1. There were no significant differences in sICAM-1. Pre-hypertension objects demonstrated reduced flow mediated dilation and significantly changed ADMA and sVCAM-1. Intima-media thickness did not show any significant differences between pre-hypertensive and healthy objects. In conclusion, there is a correlation between clinical chemical biomarkers, flow mediated dilation, endothelial dysfunction and pre-hypertension, which confirms their role as a predictor of pre-hypertention and cardiovascular disorders and as a challenge for primary prevention.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125832218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rubio-Guerra, H. Vargas-Robles, M. B. Durán-Salgado, J. Lozano-Nuevo, G. Vargas-Ayala, B. Escalante-Acosta
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the levels of the adipokines, resistin and adiponectin in normotensive and high normal blood pressure patients. Methods Circulating levels of the adipokines, resistin and adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; R'D Systems, Minneapolis) in 20 high normal blood pressure patients and in 20 age-matched normotensive non-diabetic subjects. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The control group showed non-significantly decreased levels of resistin when compared with patients with high normal blood pressure [systolic 130-139 mmHg; diastolic 85-89 mmHg] (12.25 vs 14.38 pg/mL, p = 0.40). There were significantly higher levels of adiponectin in the control group when compared with high normal blood pressure patients (11.3 vs 7.51 μg/mL, p = 0.028). Conclusions High normal blood pressure patients have increased levels of resistin and lower values of adiponectin when compared with age-matched non-diabetic normotensive subjects. This may explain why those patients showed more progression to hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk than normotensive subjects.
目的探讨正常高血压和正常高血压患者体内脂肪因子、抵抗素和脂联素水平的变化。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血液中脂肪因子、抵抗素和脂联素的含量;R'D系统，明尼阿波利斯)在20名高正常血压患者和20名年龄匹配的正常非糖尿病受试者中进行了研究。采用方差分析(ANOVA)进行统计分析。结果与正常高血压患者(收缩压130 ~ 139 mmHg;舒张85-89 mmHg] (12.25 vs 14.38 pg/mL, p = 0.40)。对照组脂联素水平明显高于高血压正常患者(11.3 vs 7.51 μg/mL, p = 0.028)。结论与非糖尿病正常血压患者相比，高血压患者抵抗素水平升高，脂联素水平降低。这也许可以解释为什么这些患者比正常受试者更容易发展为高血压、动脉粥样硬化和心血管风险。
{"title":"Circulating Adipokine Levels in Non-diabetic Subjects with High Normal Blood Pressure.","authors":"A. Rubio-Guerra, H. Vargas-Robles, M. B. Durán-Salgado, J. Lozano-Nuevo, G. Vargas-Ayala, B. Escalante-Acosta","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2014.332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2014.332","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000This study aimed to evaluate the levels of the adipokines, resistin and adiponectin in normotensive and high normal blood pressure patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Circulating levels of the adipokines, resistin and adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; R'D Systems, Minneapolis) in 20 high normal blood pressure patients and in 20 age-matched normotensive non-diabetic subjects. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (ANOVA).\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000The control group showed non-significantly decreased levels of resistin when compared with patients with high normal blood pressure [systolic 130-139 mmHg; diastolic 85-89 mmHg] (12.25 vs 14.38 pg/mL, p = 0.40). There were significantly higher levels of adiponectin in the control group when compared with high normal blood pressure patients (11.3 vs 7.51 μg/mL, p = 0.028).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusions\u0000High normal blood pressure patients have increased levels of resistin and lower values of adiponectin when compared with age-matched non-diabetic normotensive subjects. This may explain why those patients showed more progression to hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk than normotensive subjects.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129961194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stress fractures are common sports-related injury, but rare in the lesser trochanter. Fractures of the lesser trochanter are usually insufficiency fractures with malignancy as a common cause. We present a case of stress fracture of the lesser trochanter in a 50-year old female and review the literature.
{"title":"Stress Fracture of the Lesser Trochanter: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"J. Lee, P. Khairandish, R. Botchu","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.564","url":null,"abstract":"Stress fractures are common sports-related injury, but rare in the lesser trochanter. Fractures of the lesser trochanter are usually insufficiency fractures with malignancy as a common cause. We present a case of stress fracture of the lesser trochanter in a 50-year old female and review the literature.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116102098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Fletcher, I. Tennant, C. Walters, H. Harding-Goldson
Objective To determine current red cell transfusion practices, transfusion indications and their relationship to patient outcome in intensive care unit (ICU) patients at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI). Method An observational study was conducted over seven months in the two ICUs at the UHWI, on all patients over 16 years who had been admitted for more than 24 hours. Patient demographics, indication(s) for transfusion, haemoglobin level at the time of transfusion, details of ICU admission and patient outcome were recorded. Data analysis was done using Stata v12. Results Of the 203 patients included in the study, 79 were transfused (39%). A low haemoglobin level was the most common indication for transfusion, with a mean of 7.3 ± 1.5 g/dL. Patients who were transfused had higher phlebotomy volumes [61.9 versus 126.1 mL, p < 0.001], were more likely to require mechanical ventilation (p = 0.002) and inotropic support (p = 0.007). Most were surgical patients (p = 0.01) and were post-open heart/thoracic surgery (66% transfusion rate). Patient outcome was correlated with transfusion, as transfused patients had longer ICU stays (13.0 versus 6.7 days, p < 0.001) and increased mortality rates (32.9% compared to 20.2%, p = 0.04). Most transfusions occurred within the first week of admission (83.5%). Conclusion The mean haemoglobin for transfusion at the ICU, UHWI, is 7.3 g/dL, just above the recommended trigger of 7.0 g/dL in a restrictive transfusion practice. Transfusion policies are needed to better allocate a scarce commodity and minimize complications associated with blood transfusion.
{"title":"Indications for Red Cell Transfusion in the Intensive Care Unit at the University Hospital of the West Indies.","authors":"K. Fletcher, I. Tennant, C. Walters, H. Harding-Goldson","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.358","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000To determine current red cell transfusion practices, transfusion indications and their relationship to patient outcome in intensive care unit (ICU) patients at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI).\u0000\u0000\u0000Method\u0000An observational study was conducted over seven months in the two ICUs at the UHWI, on all patients over 16 years who had been admitted for more than 24 hours. Patient demographics, indication(s) for transfusion, haemoglobin level at the time of transfusion, details of ICU admission and patient outcome were recorded. Data analysis was done using Stata v12.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Of the 203 patients included in the study, 79 were transfused (39%). A low haemoglobin level was the most common indication for transfusion, with a mean of 7.3 ± 1.5 g/dL. Patients who were transfused had higher phlebotomy volumes [61.9 versus 126.1 mL, p < 0.001], were more likely to require mechanical ventilation (p = 0.002) and inotropic support (p = 0.007). Most were surgical patients (p = 0.01) and were post-open heart/thoracic surgery (66% transfusion rate). Patient outcome was correlated with transfusion, as transfused patients had longer ICU stays (13.0 versus 6.7 days, p < 0.001) and increased mortality rates (32.9% compared to 20.2%, p = 0.04). Most transfusions occurred within the first week of admission (83.5%).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The mean haemoglobin for transfusion at the ICU, UHWI, is 7.3 g/dL, just above the recommended trigger of 7.0 g/dL in a restrictive transfusion practice. Transfusion policies are needed to better allocate a scarce commodity and minimize complications associated with blood transfusion.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121760502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shetty, P. Balan, R. Castelino, D. Dsouza, S. Babu, P. Shetty
{"title":"Intraoral Lipoma: A Rare Case.","authors":"S. Shetty, P. Balan, R. Castelino, D. Dsouza, S. Babu, P. Shetty","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115249898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Arslan, M. Naldan, F. Karakoç, M. Aktaş, S. Çelik
Background Some agents such as rocuronium and propofol induce severe and noxious pain when administered intravenously during anaesthesia induction. This causes additional stress for the patient due to operation. The purpose of our study, was to compare the effects of remifentanyl with two different administration methods and lidocaine on rocuronium injection pain. Methods This prospective, double blind, randomized study is designed with 120 patients' aged 17 and 70 years old American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, undergoing different elective surgery types that require muscle relaxation. Patients were randomly distributed to three Groups; Group 1 (remifentanyl-bandaged, n = 40), Group 2 (lidocaine-bandaged, n = 40) and Group 3 (remifentanyl non-bandaged, n = 40). Mean arterial pressure and pulse rate were recorded before induction, one minute after induction and intubation. An independent anaesthetist blind to groups assessed and recorded verbal rating scale. Results There were no significant differences between groups regarding demographic variables. Cardiovascular haemodynamics regarding mean arterial pressure and pulse did not change significantly between groups before and after induction and after intubation. Pain scores were comparable between groups. Conclusion Remifentanyl can be used either with venous occlusion or as intravenous bolus to prevent rocuronium-induced pain with no significant difference and it is as effective as lidocaine.
{"title":"The Effect of Three Different Applications on Rocuronium Injection Pain: A Double Blinded, Randomized Clinical Study.","authors":"Z. Arslan, M. Naldan, F. Karakoç, M. Aktaş, S. Çelik","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.004","url":null,"abstract":"Background\u0000Some agents such as rocuronium and propofol induce severe and noxious pain when administered intravenously during anaesthesia induction. This causes additional stress for the patient due to operation. The purpose of our study, was to compare the effects of remifentanyl with two different administration methods and lidocaine on rocuronium injection pain.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000This prospective, double blind, randomized study is designed with 120 patients' aged 17 and 70 years old American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, undergoing different elective surgery types that require muscle relaxation. Patients were randomly distributed to three Groups; Group 1 (remifentanyl-bandaged, n = 40), Group 2 (lidocaine-bandaged, n = 40) and Group 3 (remifentanyl non-bandaged, n = 40). Mean arterial pressure and pulse rate were recorded before induction, one minute after induction and intubation. An independent anaesthetist blind to groups assessed and recorded verbal rating scale.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000There were no significant differences between groups regarding demographic variables. Cardiovascular haemodynamics regarding mean arterial pressure and pulse did not change significantly between groups before and after induction and after intubation. Pain scores were comparable between groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Remifentanyl can be used either with venous occlusion or as intravenous bolus to prevent rocuronium-induced pain with no significant difference and it is as effective as lidocaine.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127711104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lixian Ma, C.-S. Ma, Zhen-hua Lu, Le Wang, Y-J Liu, M. Wang
A patient was admitted to Emergency Department within an hour of an episode of syncope followed by a fall. The electrocardiogram recorded on admission was suggestive of an extensive acute anterior myocardial infarction and an emergency computed tomography (CT) scan of his brain, showed a right scalp hematoma but no intracranial injury. He underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Ten hours later, the patient reported sudden onset headache and vomiting. Repeated head CT showed left-sided intracranial hemorrhage, which required immediate neurosurgical decompression and reversal of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies. Three months later, the intracranial hematoma had been absorbed.
{"title":"A Case of Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Acute Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Lixian Ma, C.-S. Ma, Zhen-hua Lu, Le Wang, Y-J Liu, M. Wang","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.197","url":null,"abstract":"A patient was admitted to Emergency Department within an hour of an episode of syncope followed by a fall. The electrocardiogram recorded on admission was suggestive of an extensive acute anterior myocardial infarction and an emergency computed tomography (CT) scan of his brain, showed a right scalp hematoma but no intracranial injury. He underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Ten hours later, the patient reported sudden onset headache and vomiting. Repeated head CT showed left-sided intracranial hemorrhage, which required immediate neurosurgical decompression and reversal of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies. Three months later, the intracranial hematoma had been absorbed.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128871747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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