X. Xiao, X. Wang, S. Huang, Y. Zhao, W. Yi, Y. Wang, X. Wang, G. An, L. Jia, J. Zhao
Objective The study aimed to improve skills of tracheal intubation and tracheotomy on medical corpsmen using SimMan simulation and experiments on living goats. Methods A total of 90 medical corpsmen from a certain group of armies, were trained for the skills of tracheal intubation and tracheotomy using medical simulator and experiments on living goats. Both theoretical tests and practical examinations were performed on all medics to evaluate the efficacy of such training program. Results Only 25.6% and 15.6% of all medics have previously received trainings related to tracheal intubation and tracheotomy respectively. Before training, these medics got an average score of 35.3 marks in the theoretical test and the successful rate of tracheal intubation was only 18.9%. Their performances in both tests, however, increased to 85.2% and 81.1% respectively after training. All these differences were of statistical significance compared to those before training (p < 0.01). In a further practical test related to tracheotomy, 14 randomly selected medical corpsmen reached a 71.4% successful rate after training compared to only 14.3% before training (p < 0.01). Conclusion Training modules combining both simulator and goat experiments are effective in improving tracheal intubation techniques on medics especially those from primary units.
{"title":"The Training on Medical Corpsmen for Tracheal Intubation and Tracheotomy Using SimMan Simulation and Living Goats.","authors":"X. Xiao, X. Wang, S. Huang, Y. Zhao, W. Yi, Y. Wang, X. Wang, G. An, L. Jia, J. Zhao","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.081","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000The study aimed to improve skills of tracheal intubation and tracheotomy on medical corpsmen using SimMan simulation and experiments on living goats.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000A total of 90 medical corpsmen from a certain group of armies, were trained for the skills of tracheal intubation and tracheotomy using medical simulator and experiments on living goats. Both theoretical tests and practical examinations were performed on all medics to evaluate the efficacy of such training program.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Only 25.6% and 15.6% of all medics have previously received trainings related to tracheal intubation and tracheotomy respectively. Before training, these medics got an average score of 35.3 marks in the theoretical test and the successful rate of tracheal intubation was only 18.9%. Their performances in both tests, however, increased to 85.2% and 81.1% respectively after training. All these differences were of statistical significance compared to those before training (p < 0.01). In a further practical test related to tracheotomy, 14 randomly selected medical corpsmen reached a 71.4% successful rate after training compared to only 14.3% before training (p < 0.01).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Training modules combining both simulator and goat experiments are effective in improving tracheal intubation techniques on medics especially those from primary units.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"8 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113974963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and analyze the risk factors using International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Groups diagnostic criteria. Method Pregnant women were selected for our study. Related risk factors of GDM were collected using a questionnaire. The 75g oral glucose tolerance test was performed at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Blood glucose level was measured. Results GDM prevalence was 32.8%. Age, pre-pregnancy weight, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, weight at birth, and triglycerides in the GDM group were significantly higher than that of the normal glucose tolerance group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that age, pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, weight of pregnant women at delivery, family history of diabetes, birth times, previous history of adverse pregnancy, and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly correlated with the development of GDM (P < 0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the prevalence of GDM increased gradually with age and increased pre-pregnancy body mass index. Pregnant women with a history of multiple pregnancies and previous adverse pregnancy had a significantly increased risk of developing GDM. Multiple stepwise regression prompted that pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, family history of diabetes, previous adverse pregnancy, and hypertriglyceridemia were independent risk factors that contribute to the development of GDM. Conclusion The use of newly defined criteria has increased the apparent prevalence rate of GDM. Intervention treatment should be administered if risk factors for GDM are established in order to reduce the incidence of GDM.
{"title":"Analysis of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using Novel Diagnostic Criteria.","authors":"L. Li, H. Jiang, Z. Chen, P. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Sun","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and analyze the risk factors using International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Groups diagnostic criteria.\u0000\u0000\u0000Method\u0000Pregnant women were selected for our study. Related risk factors of GDM were collected using a questionnaire. The 75g oral glucose tolerance test was performed at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Blood glucose level was measured.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000GDM prevalence was 32.8%. Age, pre-pregnancy weight, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, weight at birth, and triglycerides in the GDM group were significantly higher than that of the normal glucose tolerance group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that age, pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, weight of pregnant women at delivery, family history of diabetes, birth times, previous history of adverse pregnancy, and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly correlated with the development of GDM (P < 0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the prevalence of GDM increased gradually with age and increased pre-pregnancy body mass index. Pregnant women with a history of multiple pregnancies and previous adverse pregnancy had a significantly increased risk of developing GDM. Multiple stepwise regression prompted that pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, family history of diabetes, previous adverse pregnancy, and hypertriglyceridemia were independent risk factors that contribute to the development of GDM.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The use of newly defined criteria has increased the apparent prevalence rate of GDM. Intervention treatment should be administered if risk factors for GDM are established in order to reduce the incidence of GDM.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"8 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131754669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kaygusuz, H. Cetiner, H. Yavuz, C. K. Kacakusak, E. Hacıhasanoğlu, N. Dursun, C. Mesci, M. Eken
Objective Uterine atypical leiomyomas (AL) are extremely rare, and occurs a decade earlier than the onset of leiomyosarcoma. According to the literature, extensive clinicopathologic studies on AL are limited to only two studies. Atypical leiomyomas of uterus are well-defined neoplasms with smooth muscle cells. The aim of this study was to investigate clinicopathologic findings in 54 cases with Atypical Leiomyoma diagnosis and Ki-67 and p53 expressions immunohistochemically. Methods Fifty-four cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2013 were included. The histological and clinical features of the cases were revised and their medical records were examined. Ki-67 and p53 were performed on all cases immunohistochemically. Results The average age of cases was 41.8 years. The average clinical follow-up period was 57 months. Hysterectomy was performed in 31 cases, and myomectomy was performed in 21 cases, while resection of the mass was performed in two patients due to the intraligamenter mass. The average size of the neoplasms was 6.2 cm. Severe cellular atypia was noticed in 25 patients. While the number of mitoses was 1/10 HPF in 30 cases, it was 4/10 HPF in six of them. Ki-67 was found positive in 50 cases at the rate of 1-5% immunohistochemically, while p53 has demonstrated staining at the ratio of 10-15% staining in four patients. Conclusion The differential diagnosis of atypical leiomyomas from leiomyosarcomas is crucial. The recurrence rate after follow-up is 2%. In our opinion, the cases diagnosed with 'atypical leiomyoma with limited experience' before should be correctly diagnosed with atypical leiomyoma. We recommend that Ki-67 and p53 can be used as an adjuvant marker immunohistochemically in the cases that problem in differential diagnosis from Leiomyosarcoma exist.
{"title":"Atypical Leiomyomas of the Uterus: A Clinicopathologic Study of 54 Cases and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Ki-67 (MIB-1) and p53.","authors":"E. Kaygusuz, H. Cetiner, H. Yavuz, C. K. Kacakusak, E. Hacıhasanoğlu, N. Dursun, C. Mesci, M. Eken","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000Uterine atypical leiomyomas (AL) are extremely rare, and occurs a decade earlier than the onset of leiomyosarcoma. According to the literature, extensive clinicopathologic studies on AL are limited to only two studies. Atypical leiomyomas of uterus are well-defined neoplasms with smooth muscle cells. The aim of this study was to investigate clinicopathologic findings in 54 cases with Atypical Leiomyoma diagnosis and Ki-67 and p53 expressions immunohistochemically.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Fifty-four cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2013 were included. The histological and clinical features of the cases were revised and their medical records were examined. Ki-67 and p53 were performed on all cases immunohistochemically.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000The average age of cases was 41.8 years. The average clinical follow-up period was 57 months. Hysterectomy was performed in 31 cases, and myomectomy was performed in 21 cases, while resection of the mass was performed in two patients due to the intraligamenter mass. The average size of the neoplasms was 6.2 cm. Severe cellular atypia was noticed in 25 patients. While the number of mitoses was 1/10 HPF in 30 cases, it was 4/10 HPF in six of them. Ki-67 was found positive in 50 cases at the rate of 1-5% immunohistochemically, while p53 has demonstrated staining at the ratio of 10-15% staining in four patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The differential diagnosis of atypical leiomyomas from leiomyosarcomas is crucial. The recurrence rate after follow-up is 2%. In our opinion, the cases diagnosed with 'atypical leiomyoma with limited experience' before should be correctly diagnosed with atypical leiomyoma. We recommend that Ki-67 and p53 can be used as an adjuvant marker immunohistochemically in the cases that problem in differential diagnosis from Leiomyosarcoma exist.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116296161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liu Xm, Ma Cs, Liu Xh, Dong Jz, X. Du, Yi Zhang, Q. Lv, Kang Jp
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) on the long-term prognosis of percutaneous coronary interventional (PCI) for patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS). Methods 2185 NSTEACS cases with coronary artery disease and preoperative record of RDW accepting elective PCI treatment from July 2009 to September 2011 were selected. According to preoperative RDW levels, the patients were divided into two groups. One thousand, one hundred and seventy cases belonged to RDW <12.2 group, 1015 cases belonged to RDW ≥12.2 group. The clinical characteristics and the incidence of postoperative mortality in the two groups were compared. The follow-ups were performed for an average of 540 days. Results Patients in the RDW ≥12.2 group were females with characteristics such as hypertension, history of cerebrovascular disease, hospital application of β-blockers and high BMI in admission, low hemoglobin levels and total cholesterol levels. The postoperative mortality of RDW ≥12.2 group (2.7% vs 1.0%, P=0.004) was significantly higher than that of RDW <12.2 group. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, after adjustment for other factors, RDW ≥12.2 of the patients in postoperative PCI was an independent predicted factor for mortality (HR 2.171, 95% CI 1.007-4.680, P=0.048). Conclusion High RDW in postoperative PCI was an independent predictor factor influencing mortality.
目的探讨红细胞分布宽度(RDW)对非st段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征(NSTEACS)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)远期预后的影响。方法选取2009年7月~ 2011年9月收治的2185例合并冠心病的NSTEACS患者及术前行选择性PCI治疗的RDW记录。根据术前RDW水平将患者分为两组。RDW <12.2组1170例，RDW≥12.2组1015例。比较两组患者的临床特点及术后死亡率。随访时间平均为540天。结果RDW≥12.2组患者为女性，具有高血压、脑血管病史、医院应用β受体阻滞剂、入院时BMI高、血红蛋白和总胆固醇水平低等特征。RDW≥12.2组术后死亡率(2.7% vs 1.0%， P=0.004)显著高于RDW <12.2组。在多因素Cox回归分析中，校正其他因素后，术后PCI患者的RDW≥12.2是死亡率的独立预测因素(HR 2.171, 95% CI 1.007 ~ 4.680, P=0.048)。结论PCI术后高RDW是影响死亡率的独立预测因素。
{"title":"Influence of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width on Long-term Prognosis of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Patients with Non-ST Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.","authors":"Liu Xm, Ma Cs, Liu Xh, Dong Jz, X. Du, Yi Zhang, Q. Lv, Kang Jp","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.019","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) on the long-term prognosis of percutaneous coronary interventional (PCI) for patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS).\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u00002185 NSTEACS cases with coronary artery disease and preoperative record of RDW accepting elective PCI treatment from July 2009 to September 2011 were selected. According to preoperative RDW levels, the patients were divided into two groups. One thousand, one hundred and seventy cases belonged to RDW <12.2 group, 1015 cases belonged to RDW ≥12.2 group. The clinical characteristics and the incidence of postoperative mortality in the two groups were compared. The follow-ups were performed for an average of 540 days.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Patients in the RDW ≥12.2 group were females with characteristics such as hypertension, history of cerebrovascular disease, hospital application of β-blockers and high BMI in admission, low hemoglobin levels and total cholesterol levels. The postoperative mortality of RDW ≥12.2 group (2.7% vs 1.0%, P=0.004) was significantly higher than that of RDW <12.2 group. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, after adjustment for other factors, RDW ≥12.2 of the patients in postoperative PCI was an independent predicted factor for mortality (HR 2.171, 95% CI 1.007-4.680, P=0.048).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000High RDW in postoperative PCI was an independent predictor factor influencing mortality.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123778593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Mason, F. Gibson, R. Gardner, L. Warren, C. Fisher, D. Higgs, M. Happich, A. Kulozik, I. Hambleton, B. Serjeant, G. Serjeant
Objectives To review the history of newborn screening for sickle cell disease with especial reference to Jamaica. Methods A summary was done of the history, the development of associated laboratory technology and the implementation of newborn screening for sickle cell disease in Jamaica. Results Screening was initiated at Victoria Jubilee Hospital, Kingston from 1973-1981, reactivated in 1995 and extended to the University Hospital of the West Indies in 1997 and to Spanish Town Hospital in 1998. From August 2008, there was a progressive recruitment of 12 hospitals in the south and west of Jamaica which has raised the frequency of islandwide newborn coverage from 25% in 1973 to 81%. The results of this extended programme in southwest Jamaica are presented. Dried blood spots collected from the umbilical cord proved stable, cheap and efficient; mean sample collection rates were 98%, maternal contamination occurred in < 1% and caused diagnostic confusion in < 0.1%. By March 31, 2015, a total of 54 566 births have been screened, detecting 161 with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease, 125 with sickle cell-haemoglobin C (SC) disease and 36 with sickle cell-beta thalassaemia. Of the 327 babies with clinically significant sickle cell syndromes, all except five who died within seven days of birth were confirmed by four to six weeks and recruited to local sickle cell clinics. Conclusion Early detection of sickle cell disease and recruitment to clinics is known to reduce its morbidity and mortality. The methods currently detailed provide an effective and economic model of newborn screening which may be of value elsewhere.
{"title":"Newborn Screening for Sickle Cell Disease: Jamaican Experience.","authors":"K. Mason, F. Gibson, R. Gardner, L. Warren, C. Fisher, D. Higgs, M. Happich, A. Kulozik, I. Hambleton, B. Serjeant, G. Serjeant","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.492","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives\u0000To review the history of newborn screening for sickle cell disease with especial reference to Jamaica.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000A summary was done of the history, the development of associated laboratory technology and the implementation of newborn screening for sickle cell disease in Jamaica.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Screening was initiated at Victoria Jubilee Hospital, Kingston from 1973-1981, reactivated in 1995 and extended to the University Hospital of the West Indies in 1997 and to Spanish Town Hospital in 1998. From August 2008, there was a progressive recruitment of 12 hospitals in the south and west of Jamaica which has raised the frequency of islandwide newborn coverage from 25% in 1973 to 81%. The results of this extended programme in southwest Jamaica are presented. Dried blood spots collected from the umbilical cord proved stable, cheap and efficient; mean sample collection rates were 98%, maternal contamination occurred in < 1% and caused diagnostic confusion in < 0.1%. By March 31, 2015, a total of 54 566 births have been screened, detecting 161 with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease, 125 with sickle cell-haemoglobin C (SC) disease and 36 with sickle cell-beta thalassaemia. Of the 327 babies with clinically significant sickle cell syndromes, all except five who died within seven days of birth were confirmed by four to six weeks and recruited to local sickle cell clinics.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Early detection of sickle cell disease and recruitment to clinics is known to reduce its morbidity and mortality. The methods currently detailed provide an effective and economic model of newborn screening which may be of value elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123869422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hua, L. Limei, W. Chunyan, L. Zhonggang, Y. Kuitao
Objective The study investigate the effects of EGb 761 on depressive behaviors in rats exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) and the possible mechanisms of the actions. Methods Wistar rats were randomly assigned into normal group, model group and EGb 761 group. Animals in the model group and EGb 761 group were exposed to a CMS procedure lasting for 28 days. Simultaneously, rats in the EGb 761 group were daily administrated with EGb 761 by intragastric administration for 28 days. Behavioral alterations were investigated by open-field-test, sucrose preference test and forced swim test (FST). Levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in homogenates of hypothalamus and pituitary gland were measured by ELISA; Serum levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) were detected by radio- immunoassay. Results CMS decreased locomotor activity and sucrose consumption, prolonged immobility duration in FST, elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-6, CRH, ACTH and CORT, and reduced levels of VEGF in the rats from the model group, if compared to the normal group. However, EGb 761 treatment ameliorated the CUMS-induced alterations in sucrose consumption and immobility duration without affecting locomotor activity. Moreover, EGb 761 inhibited the over-production of IL-1β, IL-6, CRH, ACTH and CORT, as well as restored the VEGF production in rats. Conclusions EGb 761 treatment had antidepressant-like effects in rats exposed to CMS.
{"title":"Antidepressant-like Effect of EGb 761 in Rats with Chronic Mild Stress-induced Depressive Behaviours.","authors":"L. Hua, L. Limei, W. Chunyan, L. Zhonggang, Y. Kuitao","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.087","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000The study investigate the effects of EGb 761 on depressive behaviors in rats exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) and the possible mechanisms of the actions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Wistar rats were randomly assigned into normal group, model group and EGb 761 group. Animals in the model group and EGb 761 group were exposed to a CMS procedure lasting for 28 days. Simultaneously, rats in the EGb 761 group were daily administrated with EGb 761 by intragastric administration for 28 days. Behavioral alterations were investigated by open-field-test, sucrose preference test and forced swim test (FST). Levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in homogenates of hypothalamus and pituitary gland were measured by ELISA; Serum levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) were detected by radio- immunoassay.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000CMS decreased locomotor activity and sucrose consumption, prolonged immobility duration in FST, elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-6, CRH, ACTH and CORT, and reduced levels of VEGF in the rats from the model group, if compared to the normal group. However, EGb 761 treatment ameliorated the CUMS-induced alterations in sucrose consumption and immobility duration without affecting locomotor activity. Moreover, EGb 761 inhibited the over-production of IL-1β, IL-6, CRH, ACTH and CORT, as well as restored the VEGF production in rats.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusions\u0000EGb 761 treatment had antidepressant-like effects in rats exposed to CMS.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"334 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113997342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Uslu, F. Gurbuz, F. Temiz, B. Yuksel, N. Mungan, A. Topaloglu
Objective To reveal the possible role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetic children. Methods Twenty-five newly diagnosed children and 22 healthy children were included in the study. Results In oral glucose tolerance tests, no correlation was observed between C-peptide and GLP-1 levels at 0 and 30 minutes, and plasma GLP-1 levels in both groups at 0 and 30 minutes were not statistically different. Conclusion Consequently, fasting and postprandial GLP-1 levels in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetic children are not different from healthy children. Glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetic children suggest that plasma GLP-1 levels do not have any role in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"The Investigation of Plasma Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Levels in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetic Children.","authors":"B. Uslu, F. Gurbuz, F. Temiz, B. Yuksel, N. Mungan, A. Topaloglu","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2014.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2014.134","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000To reveal the possible role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetic children.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Twenty-five newly diagnosed children and 22 healthy children were included in the study.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000In oral glucose tolerance tests, no correlation was observed between C-peptide and GLP-1 levels at 0 and 30 minutes, and plasma GLP-1 levels in both groups at 0 and 30 minutes were not statistically different.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Consequently, fasting and postprandial GLP-1 levels in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetic children are not different from healthy children. Glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetic children suggest that plasma GLP-1 levels do not have any role in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132470041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives The present study was executed with the objective to evaluate histopathological features of pericoronal follicles (PFs) of asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molars that did not exhibit pathologic pericoronal radiolucency. Study design A cross-sectional study was conducted among pericoronal follicular specimen of soft tissue associated with asymptomatic, radiographically normal impacted mandibular third molars from 95 subjects. Intraoral periapical radiographs (IOPA) and orthopantomogram of all subjects were recorded and traced using tracing paper. After the tooth removal, the follicle was carefully enucleated from the socket attachment. The cut sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain and sections were microscopically evaluated. Epithelial cell proliferation was determined by immunohistochemical labelling. The associations between the attributes were tested using the Chi-Square Test. Results Thirty seven [37.3%] specimen revealed dentigerous cyst-like changes and two [2.1%] specimens revealed odontogenic keratocyst [OKC]-like changes. Immunohistochemical evaluation of proliferation marker Ki-67 was found to be positive in only 7.69 % of the hyperplastic type of epithelium. Conclusion The data revealed that there is a risk of pathologic changes associated with radiographically normal asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molar.
{"title":"Histopathologic Finding of Soft Tissue Associated with Impacted Mandibular Third Molars that Did Not Exhibit Pathologic Pericoronal Radiolucency.","authors":"A. Tak, R. Metgud, M. Astekar, M. Tak","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2015.069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2015.069","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives\u0000The present study was executed with the objective to evaluate histopathological features of pericoronal follicles (PFs) of asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molars that did not exhibit pathologic pericoronal radiolucency.\u0000\u0000\u0000Study design\u0000A cross-sectional study was conducted among pericoronal follicular specimen of soft tissue associated with asymptomatic, radiographically normal impacted mandibular third molars from 95 subjects. Intraoral periapical radiographs (IOPA) and orthopantomogram of all subjects were recorded and traced using tracing paper. After the tooth removal, the follicle was carefully enucleated from the socket attachment. The cut sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain and sections were microscopically evaluated. Epithelial cell proliferation was determined by immunohistochemical labelling. The associations between the attributes were tested using the Chi-Square Test.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Thirty seven [37.3%] specimen revealed dentigerous cyst-like changes and two [2.1%] specimens revealed odontogenic keratocyst [OKC]-like changes. Immunohistochemical evaluation of proliferation marker Ki-67 was found to be positive in only 7.69 % of the hyperplastic type of epithelium.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The data revealed that there is a risk of pathologic changes associated with radiographically normal asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molar.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115758636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac angiosarcomas are rare tumours which can present with varying clinical symptoms, and are usually difficult to manage. We present a case of a young female who presented with respiratory symptoms, and was found to have a primary cardiac angiosarcoma with metastases. A discussion of primary angiosarcoma and a review of its management follows.
{"title":"Primary Cardiac Angiosarcoma with Adrenal Metastasis.","authors":"C. Powlett, A. Smith, A. Harris, D. Skeete","doi":"10.7727/wimj.2014.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2014.129","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac angiosarcomas are rare tumours which can present with varying clinical symptoms, and are usually difficult to manage. We present a case of a young female who presented with respiratory symptoms, and was found to have a primary cardiac angiosarcoma with metastases. A discussion of primary angiosarcoma and a review of its management follows.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122167982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-01DOI: 10.7727/wimjopen.2015.157
L. Li, T. Cui, X. Li, F. Liu
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is recommended as the second-line option for variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients when the bleeding is not well controlled by medical and/or endoscopic therapy. However, due to a high incidence of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy, particularly in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), TIPS is rarely used in such cases. We report a case involving the successful and safe use of TIPS combined with haemoperfusion to treat an ESRD patient with liver cirrhosis-related refractory portal hypertensive variceal bleeding. Our case suggests the possibility of inserting TIPS to stop recurrent variceal bleeding in ESRD patients with liver cirrhosis. Haemoperfusion may be used to reduce the risk of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy.
{"title":"Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Combined with Haemoperfusion in an End-stage Renal Disease Patient with Liver Cirrhosis-related Refractory Portal Hypertensive Variceal Bleeding: A Case Report.","authors":"L. Li, T. Cui, X. Li, F. Liu","doi":"10.7727/wimjopen.2015.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7727/wimjopen.2015.157","url":null,"abstract":"Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is recommended as the second-line option for variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients when the bleeding is not well controlled by medical and/or endoscopic therapy. However, due to a high incidence of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy, particularly in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), TIPS is rarely used in such cases. We report a case involving the successful and safe use of TIPS combined with haemoperfusion to treat an ESRD patient with liver cirrhosis-related refractory portal hypertensive variceal bleeding. Our case suggests the possibility of inserting TIPS to stop recurrent variceal bleeding in ESRD patients with liver cirrhosis. Haemoperfusion may be used to reduce the risk of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy.","PeriodicalId":104133,"journal":{"name":"The West Indian medical journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128392226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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