Williams or Williams-Beuren (WBS) is a developmental disorder with multisystemic manifestations. Chromosome 7 microdeletion underlying WBS occurs because of the unique genetic architecture in this region. Facial features change from subtle to dramatic. The extent of mental and development problems is variable. Cardiovascular, endocrine, and nervous system involvement mostly affect the morbidity and mortality. Although many systems are involved in this syndrome, portal hypertension and splenomegaly are scarcely reported. We report a case of William syndrome with moderate splenomegaly and portal hypertension.
{"title":"Case report of a Rare Cause of Portal Hypertension","authors":"M. Aye","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/084","url":null,"abstract":"Williams or Williams-Beuren (WBS) is a developmental disorder with multisystemic manifestations. Chromosome 7 microdeletion underlying WBS occurs because of the unique genetic architecture in this region. Facial features change from subtle to dramatic. The extent of mental and development problems is variable. Cardiovascular, endocrine, and nervous system involvement mostly affect the morbidity and mortality. Although many systems are involved in this syndrome, portal hypertension and splenomegaly are scarcely reported. We report a case of William syndrome with moderate splenomegaly and portal hypertension.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81085727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Burkitt’s lymphoma is a tumor that most often affects the jaws, most commonly seen in endemic areas of Africa, although the jaws are affected in about 15-18% in non-endemic regions, with prevalence in boys aged between 4-7 years. This is a 12-year-old male child that presented with right jaw painful swelling for more than six-months duration of onset. He was referred for plain radiographs of the jaw from a peripheral healthcare center. The jaw radiograph was done in anterior-posterior and oblique views of both sides respectively. The radiographs demonstrated a soft tissue density mass on the right, with associated destructive lytic lesion involving the right maxilla severelyand the right mandibleto a lesser extent. There is associated loss of lamina dura with severe dental anarchy involving the maxilla. The mandible showed lytic and expansile areas in its body with marked periosteal reaction; the sunray appearance. The contralateral maxilla and mandible have normal appearances. Complementary abdominal ultrasonography revealed normal appearances excluding abdominal involvement. Histology revealed the classic diffuse starry-sky appearance with benign histiocytes containing abundant, clear cytoplasm dispersed among a background of homogeneous, basophilic tumor cells, in keeping with Burkitt’s lymphoma. We report this case to describe the radiographic appearance of Burkitt’s lymphoma of the jaw bones.
{"title":"Burkitt’s Lymphoma of the Right Jaw in a Child: The Radiographic Features and Case Report","authors":"Sule M.B.","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/092","url":null,"abstract":"Burkitt’s lymphoma is a tumor that most often affects the jaws, most commonly seen in endemic areas of Africa, although the jaws are affected in about 15-18% in non-endemic regions, with prevalence in boys aged between 4-7 years. This is a 12-year-old male child that presented with right jaw painful swelling for more than six-months duration of onset. He was referred for plain radiographs of the jaw from a peripheral healthcare center. The jaw radiograph was done in anterior-posterior and oblique views of both sides respectively. The radiographs demonstrated a soft tissue density mass on the right, with associated destructive lytic lesion involving the right maxilla severelyand the right mandibleto a lesser extent. There is associated loss of lamina dura with severe dental anarchy involving the maxilla. The mandible showed lytic and expansile areas in its body with marked periosteal reaction; the sunray appearance. The contralateral maxilla and mandible have normal appearances. Complementary abdominal ultrasonography revealed normal appearances excluding abdominal involvement. Histology revealed the classic diffuse starry-sky appearance with benign histiocytes containing abundant, clear cytoplasm dispersed among a background of homogeneous, basophilic tumor cells, in keeping with Burkitt’s lymphoma. We report this case to describe the radiographic appearance of Burkitt’s lymphoma of the jaw bones.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87188630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PLs bilayers coating the major synovial joints such as knees and hips as the lubricant are responsible for the lubrication of articular cartilage. Lamellar-repulsive effect has been considered as a lubrication mechanism but it is likely that lubricin and hyaluronan with PLs participate in the lubrication process. The molecules of lubricin and hyaluronan adsorbed by PLs have a supportive role and provide the efficient lubrication of synovial joints via the hydration mechanism (~ 80% water content). Lipid profiles of injured and healthy knees’ synovial fluids show significant differences. The phospholipid content in synovial fluid (SF) during joint inflammation, osteoarthritis is significantly higher (2 to 3 times) above the normal concentration of PL, and has a poor boundary-lubricating ability because of deactivated PL molecules. Deactivated PL molecule has no ability to form bilayers, lamellar phases, and liposomes.
{"title":"The effect of deactivated phospholipids on joints lubrication: Osteoarthritis and lubricating properties","authors":"Z. Pawlak","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/085","url":null,"abstract":"PLs bilayers coating the major synovial joints such as knees and hips as the lubricant are responsible for the lubrication of articular cartilage. Lamellar-repulsive effect has been considered as a lubrication mechanism but it is likely that lubricin and hyaluronan with PLs participate in the lubrication process. The molecules of lubricin and hyaluronan adsorbed by PLs have a supportive role and provide the efficient lubrication of synovial joints via the hydration mechanism (~ 80% water content). Lipid profiles of injured and healthy knees’ synovial fluids show significant differences. The phospholipid content in synovial fluid (SF) during joint inflammation, osteoarthritis is significantly higher (2 to 3 times) above the normal concentration of PL, and has a poor boundary-lubricating ability because of deactivated PL molecules. Deactivated PL molecule has no ability to form bilayers, lamellar phases, and liposomes.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76289893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide and is a mixture of related glycopeptides. Teicoplanin inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in sensitive bacteria by binding with high affinity to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of cell wall precursor units. Because of its large molecular size, teicoplanin is unable to penetrate the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. The intravenous dosage of teicoplanin consists in a loading dose of 16 mg/kg followed by a maintenance dose of 8 mg/kg once-daily to infants aged < one month and in older infants the dosage of teicoplanin consists in a loading dose of 12 mg/kg twice-daily followed by a maintenance dose of 10 mg/kg once daily. In children, the oral dose is 100 to 200 mg twice-daily and the intravenous dosage consists in 12 mg/kg twice-daily followed by 12 mg/kg once-daily. Teicoplanin has been found efficacy and safe in infants and children. The elimination half-life of teicoplanin is 73.9 hours in infants and children and teicoplanin is cleared from the body by renal and extra-renal routes. The total body clearance of teicoplanin is 0.09 L/h in children aged < 12 months and 0.29 L/h in older children. The treatment and the prophylaxis with teicoplanin have been described in infants and children. Teicoplanin administered intravenously and/or intraventricularly treats the cerebral infections caused by staphylococci and enterococci. The aim of this study is to review the published data on teicoplanin dosing, efficacy and safety, pharmacokinetics, drug-interactions, treatment, prophylaxis, and penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid in infants and children.
{"title":"Clinical pharmacology of teicoplanin in infants and children","authors":"Gian Pacific","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/089","url":null,"abstract":"Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide and is a mixture of related glycopeptides. Teicoplanin inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in sensitive bacteria by binding with high affinity to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of cell wall precursor units. Because of its large molecular size, teicoplanin is unable to penetrate the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. The intravenous dosage of teicoplanin consists in a loading dose of 16 mg/kg followed by a maintenance dose of 8 mg/kg once-daily to infants aged < one month and in older infants the dosage of teicoplanin consists in a loading dose of 12 mg/kg twice-daily followed by a maintenance dose of 10 mg/kg once daily. In children, the oral dose is 100 to 200 mg twice-daily and the intravenous dosage consists in 12 mg/kg twice-daily followed by 12 mg/kg once-daily. Teicoplanin has been found efficacy and safe in infants and children. The elimination half-life of teicoplanin is 73.9 hours in infants and children and teicoplanin is cleared from the body by renal and extra-renal routes. The total body clearance of teicoplanin is 0.09 L/h in children aged < 12 months and 0.29 L/h in older children. The treatment and the prophylaxis with teicoplanin have been described in infants and children. Teicoplanin administered intravenously and/or intraventricularly treats the cerebral infections caused by staphylococci and enterococci. The aim of this study is to review the published data on teicoplanin dosing, efficacy and safety, pharmacokinetics, drug-interactions, treatment, prophylaxis, and penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid in infants and children.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87037680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunoproteins can be defined as proteins used as a bag for immunological probes or therapies. Immunoprotein diagnostic testing is regarded as the process of analyzing and identifying the level of immunoproteins in the body for the examination of diseases in regards to specific proteins, for example pre-albumin, immunoglobulin, and others.
{"title":"How Immunoprotein Diagnostic Testing Has Become Beneficial to Human Body","authors":"Ashish M. Gujrathi","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/080","url":null,"abstract":"Immunoproteins can be defined as proteins used as a bag for immunological probes or therapies. Immunoprotein diagnostic testing is regarded as the process of analyzing and identifying the level of immunoproteins in the body for the examination of diseases in regards to specific proteins, for example pre-albumin, immunoglobulin, and others.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80580321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first molar is the largest tooth in the oral cavity and bears the maximum occlusal load, and they influence the vertical distance of the maxilla and mandible, the occlusal height, and aesthetic proportions. Since they have the maximum root surface area, they are also considered the best source of anchorage for moving the teeth (Mostafa Rezaie el al 2018). The timing of first molar eruption makes these teeth vulnerable to dental caries. The loss of a permanent first molar in adolescent patient creates a need for early space maintenance and restorative of function. This paper describes a conservative, functional and cost-effective bridge as an interim restoration after the loss of permanent first molar in an early adolescent dentition (Rajashekhara el al 2012).
{"title":"Management of Early Loss of first Permanent Molar in Adolescent","authors":"Chaza Kouchaji","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/077","url":null,"abstract":"The first molar is the largest tooth in the oral cavity and bears the maximum occlusal load, and they influence the vertical distance of the maxilla and mandible, the occlusal height, and aesthetic proportions. Since they have the maximum root surface area, they are also considered the best source of anchorage for moving the teeth (Mostafa Rezaie el al 2018). The timing of first molar eruption makes these teeth vulnerable to dental caries. The loss of a permanent first molar in adolescent patient creates a need for early space maintenance and restorative of function. This paper describes a conservative, functional and cost-effective bridge as an interim restoration after the loss of permanent first molar in an early adolescent dentition (Rajashekhara el al 2012).","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86514446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy and occurs as a result of compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel at the wrist. The classic symptom in patients with CTS is paresthesia (numbness, burning, tingling) and pain in the median nerve distribution area of the hand, especially at night. A 24-year-old female patient presented to GETAT polk with the diagnosis of mild carpal tunnel syndrome after examination and EMG after the complaint of numb tingling in the hand in the neurology outpatient clinic. The patient was using Parkyn (pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate) 25mg. Acupuncture was applied to the patient for 10 sessions. Disposable sterile acupuncture needles were applied to the PC-6, H-7, LU-9, H-7, SI-3 points (0.22x13mm, 0.22x1.5mm Hua Long). The sessions lasted 20 minutes. The sessions were done first twice a week, then once a week. The patient was prescribed Vitamin B1 + B6 supplements. After 10 sessions of acupuncture, the EMG was repeated. The EMG result of the patient was normal. Parkyn was cut by neurology, Lyrica (pregabalin) was switched to 150mg. The patient's need for medication was also reduced.
{"title":"Electrophysiological Effect of Acupuncture in the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Case","authors":"H. Alp","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/083","url":null,"abstract":"Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy and occurs as a result of compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel at the wrist. The classic symptom in patients with CTS is paresthesia (numbness, burning, tingling) and pain in the median nerve distribution area of the hand, especially at night. A 24-year-old female patient presented to GETAT polk with the diagnosis of mild carpal tunnel syndrome after examination and EMG after the complaint of numb tingling in the hand in the neurology outpatient clinic. The patient was using Parkyn (pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate) 25mg. Acupuncture was applied to the patient for 10 sessions. Disposable sterile acupuncture needles were applied to the PC-6, H-7, LU-9, H-7, SI-3 points (0.22x13mm, 0.22x1.5mm Hua Long). The sessions lasted 20 minutes. The sessions were done first twice a week, then once a week. The patient was prescribed Vitamin B1 + B6 supplements. After 10 sessions of acupuncture, the EMG was repeated. The EMG result of the patient was normal. Parkyn was cut by neurology, Lyrica (pregabalin) was switched to 150mg. The patient's need for medication was also reduced.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75906309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Although fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most reliable, safe and accurate method for the clinical management of abnormal thyroid nodules, 5%-15% of cases lead to indeterminate diagnoses and surgery is the recommended practice for them as they may be malignant. Nevertheless, the majority of cases with indeterminate cytology are benign, so the risk of unnecessary surgery is significant. In our study we combined FNAC and scintigraphy in order to reduce the number of inappropriate surgeries. Subjects and Methods: From 219 patients with thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology 33(9 males and 24 females) aged 18-73 years, had indeterminate FNAC diagnoses and were referred for scintigraphy. Surgery was performed in all cases. The results of FNAC, scintigraphy and histology were collected and compared. Results: From 33 cases with indeterminate cytology 32 had a benign histological diagnosis and only one was malignant (follicular Ca). That case had a positive scan. All cases with negative thyroid scans (29/33) were benign. False positive scans were 3, whereas one scan was true positive with final diagnosis follicular carcinoma. Conclusion: This study showed that combining the FNAC with the thyroid scintigraphy in cases of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology it is possible to reduce the number of inappropriate surgeries from 32 to 3.
{"title":"Is it possible to eliminate the number of inappropriate thyroid surgeries combining scintigraphy and cytology?","authors":"S. Divani","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/076","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most reliable, safe and accurate method for the clinical management of abnormal thyroid nodules, 5%-15% of cases lead to indeterminate diagnoses and surgery is the recommended practice for them as they may be malignant. Nevertheless, the majority of cases with indeterminate cytology are benign, so the risk of unnecessary surgery is significant. In our study we combined FNAC and scintigraphy in order to reduce the number of inappropriate surgeries. Subjects and Methods: From 219 patients with thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology 33(9 males and 24 females) aged 18-73 years, had indeterminate FNAC diagnoses and were referred for scintigraphy. Surgery was performed in all cases. The results of FNAC, scintigraphy and histology were collected and compared. Results: From 33 cases with indeterminate cytology 32 had a benign histological diagnosis and only one was malignant (follicular Ca). That case had a positive scan. All cases with negative thyroid scans (29/33) were benign. False positive scans were 3, whereas one scan was true positive with final diagnosis follicular carcinoma. Conclusion: This study showed that combining the FNAC with the thyroid scintigraphy in cases of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology it is possible to reduce the number of inappropriate surgeries from 32 to 3.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76426845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objectives of this study were to explore the combine effects on children’s psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers, fathers, and teachers; and also to examine the combine effects on adults’ current psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers and fathers in childhood and by intimate partners in adulthood. The samples consisted of 586 children (47% boys and 53% girls) and 1,709 adults (35% males and 65% females). Among the children 573 were in the multiple acceptance group and 13 were in the multiple rejection group, and among the adults 1,645 were in the multiple acceptance group and 64 were in the multiple rejection group. The samples were selected from 11 countries in four continents. Results showed that significantly more girls than boys, and more women than men experienced multiple acceptance. Regardless of age, gender, and culture, the majority of sample in the multiple acceptance group reported healthy psychological adjustment, and the majority of respondents in the multiple rejection group reported moderate to severe psychological maladjustment. Results also showed a significant tendency for adults to experience more rejection by all attachment figures than did children regardless of culture and gender.
{"title":"Worldwide Implications of Multiple Acceptance and Rejection on the Psychological Adjustment and Maladjustment of Children and Adults: A Global Multi-Cultural Study","authors":"A. Khaleque","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/079","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to explore the combine effects on children’s psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers, fathers, and teachers; and also to examine the combine effects on adults’ current psychological adjustment and maladjustment of perceived acceptance or rejection by mothers and fathers in childhood and by intimate partners in adulthood. The samples consisted of 586 children (47% boys and 53% girls) and 1,709 adults (35% males and 65% females). Among the children 573 were in the multiple acceptance group and 13 were in the multiple rejection group, and among the adults 1,645 were in the multiple acceptance group and 64 were in the multiple rejection group. The samples were selected from 11 countries in four continents. Results showed that significantly more girls than boys, and more women than men experienced multiple acceptance. Regardless of age, gender, and culture, the majority of sample in the multiple acceptance group reported healthy psychological adjustment, and the majority of respondents in the multiple rejection group reported moderate to severe psychological maladjustment. Results also showed a significant tendency for adults to experience more rejection by all attachment figures than did children regardless of culture and gender.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82205973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first 3 issues about cancer cells have been tried to explain -in the author papers- how the cells grow by using more energy in the tissue or organ compared to other cells, with the justification of scientific sources. The 4th series of articles will include detailed determinations about the initial threat of a cell growing in an organ or tissue to the organ or tissue by multiplying more than other cells. When a cell proliferates to a sufficient number of cells as mentioned in previous chapters, it begins to make its first threat. It fulfills this cell threat by expressing more than 100 disease forms within the organ. This is a phenomenon that occurs in all living cells. This was even seen in the most primitive invertebrates such as Mollusca and Arthropoda. Examinations of dinosaurs living 100 million years ago revealed the presence of neoplasms. Traces of the above constriction have been found in the cell work done on a 100,000-year-old human fossil. The most important sign of the first threat is phenotypic and genetic change. It creates the impression that it is threatened by a bacterial colony relative to other cells. These cells MIMIC the survival behavior and resistance of unicellular organisms that lived in the same ancient times.
{"title":"Cancer Cell Growth: - A Mini-Review Part-4: First threat (atherosclerotic lesions)","authors":"C. Koyunoğlu","doi":"10.31579/2690-8794/075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/075","url":null,"abstract":"The first 3 issues about cancer cells have been tried to explain -in the author papers- how the cells grow by using more energy in the tissue or organ compared to other cells, with the justification of scientific sources. The 4th series of articles will include detailed determinations about the initial threat of a cell growing in an organ or tissue to the organ or tissue by multiplying more than other cells. When a cell proliferates to a sufficient number of cells as mentioned in previous chapters, it begins to make its first threat. It fulfills this cell threat by expressing more than 100 disease forms within the organ. This is a phenomenon that occurs in all living cells. This was even seen in the most primitive invertebrates such as Mollusca and Arthropoda. Examinations of dinosaurs living 100 million years ago revealed the presence of neoplasms. Traces of the above constriction have been found in the cell work done on a 100,000-year-old human fossil. The most important sign of the first threat is phenotypic and genetic change. It creates the impression that it is threatened by a bacterial colony relative to other cells. These cells MIMIC the survival behavior and resistance of unicellular organisms that lived in the same ancient times.","PeriodicalId":10427,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88202078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：