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Local Debt and Social Welfare in China: Evidence from Zhejiang and Anhui 中国的地方债务与社会福利:来自浙江和安徽的证据
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/100/20241106
Mingsheng Wang
Currently local government debt is a major concern for all sectors of society, but there is still a debate about the relationship between local government debt and social welfare. This paper addresses the question of the impact of local debt and social welfare in China, using a case study of data from Zhejiang and Anhui from 2014-2019 to qualitatively analyze the impact of local debt and social welfare in four dimensions: consumption, infrastructure, education, and health. The results found that: first, the growth of local debt has an inverted U-shaped impact on residents' welfare, which is manifested in the fact that before the size of local debt reaches the critical value, the increase of local debt can enhance social welfare, but after exceeding the critical value, the increase of local debt makes social welfare decline; second, in terms of sub-welfare index factors, there are different correlation degrees between different factors and the indicators of local debt, and thus have different characteristics of development at different stages are characterized by different developments.
当前,地方政府债务问题备受社会各界关注,但关于地方政府债务与社会福利之间的关系仍存在争议。本文针对中国地方债务与社会福利的影响问题,以浙江和安徽2014-2019年的数据为案例,从消费、基础设施、教育、医疗卫生四个维度定性分析了地方债务与社会福利的影响。结果发现:第一,地方债务的增长对居民福利的影响呈倒U型,表现在地方债务规模达到临界值之前,地方债务的增加能够提升社会福利,但超过临界值之后,地方债务的增加使得社会福利下降;第二,从分福利指标因素来看,不同因素与地方债务指标之间存在不同的相关程度,因而在不同阶段具有不同的发展特征。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable Development Strategies in Urban Planning 城市规划中的可持续发展战略
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/96/2024mur0118
Guanheng Li
With the acceleration of urbanization, the strategy of sustainable development in urban planning has become increasingly important. There have been several non-environmental-friendly issues emerging in urban areas. For example, the construction industry is one of the key economic development activities in Thailand. An increase of the construction sector also contributed to the increasing of environmental pollution. This is a typical environmental issue among industrial areas of the urban. To resolve these kinds of issues, people should prioritize developing sustainable cities. This includes implementing green building standards, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting renewable energy sources. Sustainable city planning also involves preserving natural habitats, promoting biodiversity, and reducing carbon emissions through initiatives like public transportation systems and bike-friendly infrastructure. This paper analyzes the concept of sustainable development and its application in urban planning. By exploring the sustainable development strategy in urban planning, people can promote the balanced development of economy, society, and environment, and realize the long-term sustainable development goal of cities.
随着城市化进程的加快,城市规划中的可持续发展战略变得越来越重要。城市地区出现了一些不环保的问题。例如,建筑业是泰国主要的经济发展活动之一。建筑业的发展也加剧了环境污染。这是城市工业区典型的环境问题。为了解决这些问题,人们应该优先发展可持续城市。这包括实施绿色建筑标准、提高能源效率和推广可再生能源。可持续城市规划还包括保护自然栖息地、促进生物多样性,以及通过公共交通系统和自行车友好型基础设施等举措减少碳排放。本文分析了可持续发展的概念及其在城市规划中的应用。通过探讨城市规划中的可持续发展战略,人们可以促进经济、社会和环境的平衡发展,实现城市的长期可持续发展目标。
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引用次数: 0
Planning and Development of Smart Cities Based on the Concept of Sustainable Development 基于可持续发展理念的智慧城市规划与发展
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/96/2024mur0115
Sixiao Chen
Based on the idea of sustainable development, this paper explores the planning and development of smart cities. Cities face many issues as global urbanization picks up speed, including environmental pollution, resource depletion, traffic congestion, and social inequality. To address these challenges, the notion of sustainable development has become a guiding principle for many city policymakers, aiming to meet contemporary needs while safeguarding future development. Smart cities utilize advanced information and communication technology to enhance urban operational efficiency, improve resource management, and enhance residents' quality of life, thereby providing a more sustainable development model for cities. This paper focuses on the key areas of smart city planning, including energy utilization and environmental protection, smart transportation and urban mobility, smart city planning and land use, social equity, and community engagement. Using Shenzhen as a case study, the practical application of the notion of sustainable development in smart city construction is elucidated, providing valuable insights and practical references for future smart cities.
本文基于可持续发展的理念,探讨了智慧城市的规划与发展。随着全球城市化进程的加快,城市面临着环境污染、资源枯竭、交通拥堵和社会不平等等诸多问题。为应对这些挑战,可持续发展理念已成为许多城市决策者的指导原则,旨在满足当代需求的同时保障未来发展。智慧城市利用先进的信息和通信技术,提高城市运行效率,改善资源管理,提高居民生活质量,从而为城市提供一种更具可持续性的发展模式。本文重点关注智慧城市规划的关键领域,包括能源利用与环境保护、智能交通与城市流动性、智慧城市规划与土地利用、社会公平与社区参与。以深圳为例,阐明了可持续发展理念在智慧城市建设中的实际应用,为未来智慧城市建设提供了宝贵的启示和实践参考。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Business Investment Value in Real Estate Industry 房地产行业的商业投资价值比较
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/98/2024ox0107
Xuanyuan Shuhao
The global economy is in a downward trend due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the current war between regions, and worsening relations between countries. In 2023, China's leading real estate company, a pillar industry, will be unable to repay its debts. In the context of economic globalization, this paper will explore the impact of the real estate industry in the United States, analyze the investment value through several indicators, and analyze the data of four leading real estate enterprises in the United States, namely D.R.Horton, Lennar Corporation, LGI Homes and NVR. Through the calculation of EPS, P/E ratio, PEG ratio, revenue and EPS growth rate and GP/A ratio, these indicators are used to determine which company is the most valuable investment company among the leading enterprises in the US real estate industry. The research in this paper can not only identify the companies with the highest investment value, but also provide ideas for future research on other companies in other industries.
受 COVID-19 大流行病、当前地区间战争和国家间关系恶化的影响,全球经济正处于下行趋势。2023 年,作为支柱产业的中国房地产龙头企业将无力偿还债务。在经济全球化的大背景下,本文将探讨美国房地产业的影响,通过多个指标分析其投资价值,并对美国四家龙头房企 D.R.Horton、Lennar Corporation、LGI Homes 和 NVR 的数据进行分析。通过计算每股收益、市盈率、市净率、收入和每股收益增长率、GP/A比率等指标,判断美国房地产行业龙头企业中哪家公司最具投资价值。本文的研究不仅可以找出最具投资价值的公司,还可以为今后研究其他行业的其他公司提供思路。
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引用次数: 0
Construction and Development of Smart Cities -- Taking Chengdu as an Example 智慧城市的建设与发展--以成都为例
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/96/2024mur0119
Xinrui Lu
As an important way to promote urban economic and cultural development, the smart city is an inevitable choice for future urban development. This paper first expounds on the concept and proposal of a smart city, discusses the background of the development of smart cities in China, and then introduces the current development of a smart city in Chengdu, a pilot city, and establishes a complete intelligent system to promote the operation of the city and improve people's living efficiency. Then, according to the design concept of green building, the common ground between green building and smart city development is analyzed. Taking epidemic prevention as the entry point, how to develop and play its role is discussed. The problems such as information "isolated island" and incomplete technology deployment are analyzed. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for related issues, and a bright prospect is given for the future blossoming and unlimited potential of smart cities.
作为促进城市经济和文化发展的重要途径,智慧城市是未来城市发展的必然选择。本文首先阐述了智慧城市的概念和提出,论述了中国智慧城市的发展背景,然后介绍了试点城市成都目前智慧城市的发展情况,并建立了一套完整的智能化系统,以促进城市的运行,提高人们的生活效率。然后,根据绿色建筑的设计理念,分析了绿色建筑与智慧城市发展的共同点。以防疫为切入点,探讨如何发展和发挥其作用。分析了信息 "孤岛"、技术部署不全面等问题。最后,针对相关问题提出了一些建议,并对智慧城市未来的蓬勃发展和无限潜力进行了美好展望。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing the Reasons on Decreasing in Sales for Tesla 分析特斯拉销量下降的原因
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/96/2024mur0097
Junyan Chen
Since the end of the epidemic, people's travel demand has gradually recovered, and the demand for transportation has greatly increased; however, in this context, Tesla Motors has experienced a decline in sales. The aim of this study was to examine the reasons that contributed to the decrease in Tesla's sales in the first quarter of 2024. This article examines the variables that have contributed to the decline in Tesla's sales by reviewing sales statistics from previous years in Europe, the United States, and China. This study subsequently outlines the three main variables that are responsible for the decrease in sales for Tesla. The reasons include several variables, such as production challenges, increased competition, and a negative shift in client preferences. This article proposes three ideas to tackle the problem of decreasing sales: diversifying the product range, establishing strategic alliances, and enhancing the charging infrastructure. Moreover, this post has greatly advanced the electric vehicle market by clarifying the reasons for its decline and providing helpful suggestions.
疫情结束后,人们的出行需求逐渐恢复,对交通工具的需求大大增加,但在此背景下,特斯拉汽车公司的销量却出现了下滑。本研究旨在探讨导致特斯拉 2024 年第一季度销量下降的原因。本文通过回顾欧洲、美国和中国往年的销售统计数据,研究了导致特斯拉销量下降的变量。随后,本研究概述了导致特斯拉销量下降的三个主要变量。原因包括几个变量,如生产挑战、竞争加剧和客户偏好的负面转变。本文提出了解决销量下降问题的三个思路:丰富产品种类、建立战略联盟和加强充电基础设施。此外,本文还阐明了电动汽车市场下滑的原因,并提出了有益的建议,极大地推动了电动汽车市场的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Asymmetric Information in the Field of Healthcare 医疗保健领域的信息不对称问题
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/100/20241089
Haoyang Li
This essay explores the pervasive challenge of asymmetric information in healthcare, where the ideal of transparent markets often conflicts with the reality of information disparity. This essay analyzes critical sources, including academic papers and industry insights, and delineates the far-reaching impacts of asymmetric information on healthcare delivery and economics. The paper underlines the urgent need for comprehensive solutions to bridge the information gap and foster equitable access to healthcare. The research employs a multifaceted methodology, encompassing surveys, interviews, and literature reviews, to dissect asymmetric information in pivotal healthcare domains. The findings emphasize the necessity of improving doctor-patient communication, enhancing access to accurate medical insights, and incentivizing transparent information sharing for a healthcare landscape characterized by fairness and informed decision-making. The essay concludes by advocating for collaborative efforts involving policymakers, healthcare professionals, researchers, and consumers to realize a healthcare system free from the constraints of asymmetric information. Future research should delve into the long-term effects of improved information dissemination, the role of technology, and the behavioral economics aspects of healthcare decision-making.
本文探讨了医疗保健领域普遍存在的信息不对称挑战,在这一领域,透明市场的理想往往与信息不对称的现实相冲突。本文分析了重要的资料来源,包括学术论文和行业见解,并阐述了信息不对称对医疗服务和经济学的深远影响。文章强调,迫切需要全面的解决方案来弥合信息差距,促进公平的医疗服务。研究采用了多方面的方法,包括调查、访谈和文献综述,以剖析关键医疗保健领域的信息不对称问题。研究结果强调了改善医患沟通、提高获取准确医疗见解的途径、鼓励透明的信息共享以实现以公平和知情决策为特征的医疗保健环境的必要性。文章最后倡导政策制定者、医疗保健专业人士、研究人员和消费者共同努力,实现一个不受信息不对称限制的医疗保健系统。未来的研究应深入探讨改善信息传播的长期效果、技术的作用以及医疗决策的行为经济学方面。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the Complex Landscape of Global Economics: The Role of Political Decisions and Institutional Frameworks 驾驭全球经济的复杂格局:政治决策和制度框架的作用
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/100/20241101
Wenchong He, Chengyuan Tang
This paper investigates the significant role of political decisions and institutional frameworks in shaping global economic dynamics. It critically assesses the interconnections between political stability, regulatory policies, and economic growth, emphasizing how these elements influence investment decisions and market efficiency. By exploring the ramifications of trade agreements and protectionism, the study illustrates their profound impact on international trade and domestic economies. It analyzes how stable political environments contribute to robust economic policies, while political unrest can lead to economic downturns. The paper further examines the role of institutional frameworks in enforcing or undermining economic stability, where strong institutions foster economic growth and weak ones may cause volatility and inefficiency. Drawing on empirical evidence and theoretical models, this comprehensive analysis underscores the delicate balance required in policy-making to enhance economic stability and growth in an interconnected global economy. This study aims to provide policymakers and scholars with deeper insights into how political and institutional mechanisms interact to shape economic landscapes, thus aiding in the formulation of strategies that promote sustainable economic development.
本文探讨了政治决策和制度框架在塑造全球经济动态中的重要作用。它批判性地评估了政治稳定、监管政策和经济增长之间的相互联系,强调了这些因素如何影响投资决策和市场效率。通过探讨贸易协定和保护主义的后果,研究说明了它们对国际贸易和国内经济的深远影响。本文分析了稳定的政治环境如何有助于制定稳健的经济政策,而政治动荡又如何导致经济衰退。本文进一步探讨了制度框架在加强或破坏经济稳定方面的作用,即强有力的制度促进经济增长,而薄弱的制度则可能导致波动和低效。这项全面分析借鉴了经验证据和理论模型,强调了在相互关联的全球经济中,为加强经济稳定和增长而制定政策时所需要的微妙平衡。本研究旨在让政策制定者和学者更深入地了解政治和制度机制是如何相互作用形成经济格局的,从而帮助制定促进可持续经济发展的战略。
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引用次数: 0
International Regulatory Experience and Enlightenment on Non-Legal Tender Digital Currency from the Perspective of the Kame Framework 从 Kame 框架的视角看非法定货币数字货币的国际监管经验与启示
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/100/20241061
Hongyang Zhao, Fan Zhang
Based on the current imperfect regulatory system for non-legal digital currencies in China, this article focuses on the regulation of non-legal digital currencies, exploring regulatory paths and models suitable for Chinas national conditions based on the regulatory experiences of typical foreign countries. The renowned law and economics theory frameworkthe Coase-Meade frameworkis adopted to analyze the overall regulatory model of non-legal digital currency regulation abroad. Firstly, based on the applicability value of the Coase-Meade framework to the subject of this study, typical countries such as Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and South Korea are analyzed under the Coase-Meade frameworks prohibition and transaction rules, property rules, and liability rules to clarify their legal characterization of non-legal digital currencies and explore regulatory paths in terms of legal, financial, and technological regulation. Next, the characteristics of foreign regulatory models are reviewed, including scenario-based regulation, centralized regulation, and categorized regulation. Finally, drawing on Chinas current prohibition stance and overseas practical experience, the article preliminarily clarifies the legal attributes of non-legal digital currencies. Then, it constructs a regulatory framework suitable for the country from the perspectives of principles, priorities, and methods based on the chosen paths of typical countries. Additionally, it emphasizes the clarity of regulatory responsibilities for regulatory agencies and the establishment of other self-regulatory bodies to enhance the coordination of domestic regulatory entities. Furthermore, it actively explores international cooperation to strengthen international coordination in regulation, enhancing Chinas international influence and discourse power.
基于当前我国非法定数字货币监管体系不完善的现状,本文以非法定数字货币监管为研究重点,在借鉴国外典型国家监管经验的基础上,探索适合我国国情的监管路径和模式。本文采用著名的法经济学理论框架--科斯-米德框架(Coase-Meade framework),对国外非法定数字货币监管的整体监管模式进行分析。首先,基于科斯-米德框架对本研究对象的适用价值,在科斯-米德框架下对德国、美国、英国、日本、韩国等典型国家的禁止与交易规则、财产规则、责任规则进行分析,明确其对非法数字货币的法律定性,并从法律监管、金融监管、技术监管等方面探索监管路径。其次,梳理了国外监管模式的特点,包括场景监管、集中监管和分类监管。最后,文章借鉴中国目前的禁止立场和国外的实践经验,初步厘清了非法数字货币的法律属性。然后,根据典型国家的路径选择,从原则、重点、方法等方面构建了适合我国的监管框架。此外,还强调明确监管机构的监管职责,建立其他自律机构,加强国内监管主体的协调。此外,积极探索国际合作,加强监管的国际协调,提升中国的国际影响力和话语权。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing E-commerce Operational Efficiency and Customer Experience Through Data Analytics and Technological Innovation 通过数据分析和技术创新优化电子商务运营效率和客户体验
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.54254/2754-1169/100/20241121
Pinyi Liu
With an emphasis on the e-commerce industry specifically, this paper examines the revolutionary role that data analytics and technological innovation play in enhancing the customer experience and streamlining e-commerce operations. It explores the ways in which cutting-edge technologies, including big data, augmented reality, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence, can be leveraged to precisely understand consumer preferences in order to provide engaging, effective, and personalized shopping experiences. The study emphasizes how these technologies are revolutionizing front-end consumer interactions with personalized product recommendations, immersive shopping experiences, and instant customer service, while also improving back-end operations like inventory management and supply chain optimization. Using Chewy.com as an example, this paper explores technology applied in virtual and augmented reality and artificial intelligence in pet e-commerce and demonstrates how their integration with technology indicates great benefits toward consumer needs, business growth, and competitive leverage within the dynamism of e-commerce. The aim of this paper is to aid e-commerce practitioners in capturing the most out of data and technology for business models, customer satisfaction, and market positioning in an ever-increasing digital market.
本文以电子商务行业为重点,探讨了数据分析和技术创新在提升客户体验和简化电子商务运营方面发挥的革命性作用。它探讨了如何利用大数据、增强现实、虚拟现实和人工智能等尖端技术来准确了解消费者的偏好,从而提供吸引人、有效和个性化的购物体验。研究强调了这些技术如何通过个性化产品推荐、沉浸式购物体验和即时客户服务彻底改变前端消费者互动,同时改善库存管理和供应链优化等后端运营。本文以 Chewy.com 为例,探讨了虚拟现实、增强现实和人工智能技术在宠物电子商务中的应用,并展示了它们与技术的整合如何在电子商务的活力中为消费者需求、业务增长和竞争优势带来巨大好处。本文旨在帮助电子商务从业者在不断发展的数字市场中,最大限度地利用数据和技术来实现商业模式、客户满意度和市场定位。
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引用次数: 0
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