Ming Ronnier Luo, Qiang Xu, Michael Pointer, Manuel Melgosa, Guihua Cui, Changjun Li, Kaida Xiao, Min Huang
The paper describes a comprehensive test to evaluate the performance of current colour-difference models using available experimental datasets. In total, 28 individual datasets were accumulated to test 17 colour-difference formulae, 13 of them based on Uniform Colour Spaces (UCSs) in terms of the Standardized Residual Sum of Squares (STRESS) measure. The 28 datasets were divided into three groups: Large Colour-Difference data (LCD), Small Colour-Difference data for surface colours (SCDs), and Small Colour Difference data for display colours (SCDd). For each colour model, four versions were tested: the original model, and that including kL-, Gamma- and kL/Gamma, which are the lightness parametric factor, the colour-difference exponent factor, and the combination of both, respectively, optimized to fit particular dataset(s). The statistical F-test was applied to test the difference between each pair of models. Furthermore, parametric effects between the large/small colour-difference magnitudes, and between surface/display colours were investigated. The results showed that CAM16-UCS significantly outperformed the other models for all groups. It accurately predicted all types of data and should be proposed for colour-difference evaluation across all industries.
{"title":"A comprehensive test of colour-difference formulae and uniform colour spaces using available visual datasets","authors":"Ming Ronnier Luo, Qiang Xu, Michael Pointer, Manuel Melgosa, Guihua Cui, Changjun Li, Kaida Xiao, Min Huang","doi":"10.1002/col.22844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/col.22844","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper describes a comprehensive test to evaluate the performance of current colour-difference models using available experimental datasets. In total, 28 individual datasets were accumulated to test 17 colour-difference formulae, 13 of them based on Uniform Colour Spaces (UCSs) in terms of the Standardized Residual Sum of Squares (<i>STRESS</i>) measure. The 28 datasets were divided into three groups: Large Colour-Difference data (LCD), Small Colour-Difference data for surface colours (SCDs), and Small Colour Difference data for display colours (SCDd). For each colour model, four versions were tested: the original model, and that including <i>k</i><sub>L</sub><i>-</i>, Gamma- and <i>k</i><sub>L</sub>/Gamma, which are the lightness parametric factor, the colour-difference exponent factor, and the combination of both, respectively, optimized to fit particular dataset(s). The statistical <i>F</i>-test was applied to test the difference between each pair of models. Furthermore, parametric effects between the large/small colour-difference magnitudes, and between surface/display colours were investigated. The results showed that CAM16-UCS significantly outperformed the other models for all groups. It accurately predicted all types of data and should be proposed for colour-difference evaluation across all industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":10459,"journal":{"name":"Color Research and Application","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/col.22844","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50115213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Helmholtz-Kohlrausch (H-K) effect is investigated in relation to light colors of every hue, including those typical of print substrate colors that might be simulated on a graphic arts display. A method of adjustment is used in conjunction with a soft-proof setup, in which an achromatic stimulus is adjusted until it has the same lightness appearance as a set of test colors. Higher chroma colors are found to appear lighter than their metric