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Design Professionals' Viewpoint on Color Application in the Design of Pediatric Patients' Rooms 设计专业人士对儿科病房设计色彩运用的看法
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1002/col.70008
Jin Gyu “Phillip” Park

Objective

This study aims to compare the color preferences for pediatric patient room design between design professionals and groups of children, including healthy children, pediatric inpatients, and pediatric outpatients.

Background

Design professionals bear the responsibility of establishing psychologically supportive environments for patients. It is essential for designers to have a comprehensive understanding of patients' needs, as knowledge-based design plays a vital role in fostering healing environments.

Methods

This study utilized a physical model simulation to assess color preferences for pediatric patient room design, ensuring reliability and feasibility. Six physical models, each displaying one of five primary Munsell Color System colors (red, blue, green, yellow, purple) or white, were presented simultaneously to participants. This method allowed for realistic color perception on wall surfaces. Confounding variables, including color attributes and light sources, were controlled to ensure consistency and accuracy in evaluating preferences.

Results

The study included 213 participants: 60 healthy children, 60 pediatric outpatients, and 33 pediatric inpatients (aged 7–11 years) recruited in Texas, and 60 design professionals (aged 23–60 years) from architectural firms in Texas. The findings demonstrated distinct color preference variations between design professionals and the groups of children. However, overall, the color preference patterns remained largely consistent across all four groups.

Conclusions

Blue and green emerged as the most preferred colors across all groups, while white consistently ranked as the least preferred. The children groups reported higher preference scores for all colors compared to the design professionals.

目的本研究旨在比较设计专业人员与健康儿童、儿科住院患者和儿科门诊患者对儿科病房设计的色彩偏好。设计专业人员承担着为患者建立心理支持环境的责任。对于设计师来说,全面了解患者的需求是至关重要的,因为基于知识的设计在培养治疗环境中起着至关重要的作用。方法采用物理模型模拟评估儿科病房设计的色彩偏好,确保其可靠性和可行性。研究人员同时向参与者展示了六个物理模型,每个模型显示五种蒙塞尔颜色系统的主要颜色(红、蓝、绿、黄、紫)或白色中的一种。这种方法可以在墙面上实现逼真的色彩感知。混淆变量,包括颜色属性和光源,被控制以确保评估偏好的一致性和准确性。结果研究共纳入213名参与者:60名健康儿童,60名儿科门诊患者,33名儿科住院患者(7-11岁),以及60名来自德克萨斯州建筑公司的设计专业人员(23-60岁)。研究结果表明,设计专业人员和儿童群体对颜色的偏好存在明显差异。然而,总的来说,四组人对颜色的偏好模式基本保持一致。在所有人群中,蓝色和绿色是最受欢迎的颜色,而白色一直是最不受欢迎的颜色。与设计专业人员相比,儿童组对所有颜色的偏好得分更高。
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引用次数: 0
A Cross-Cultural and Developmental Investigation of the Association Between Color and Temperature 颜色与温度关系的跨文化发展研究
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1002/col.70014
Ndeye Meissa Koura Sow, Kitirochna Rattanakasamsuk, Yulia A. Griber, Chanida Saksirikosol, Chanprapha Phuangsuwan, Mina Shamohammadi, Kazumitsu Maehara, Chihiro Hiramatsu

The perception of colors involves many contexts in which human beings develop connections. Colors and temperatures are seemingly unrelated concepts, yet our brains have created ways of linking them. According to the literature, primarily from Western cultures, colors such as red and yellow are typically associated with warmth, whereas blue is associated with coolness. However, the universality, cultural specificity, and developmental trajectory of this association remain underexplored. To explore whether the association between color and temperature is a phenomenon limited to certain cultures or a collectively shared mechanism among many cultures, we conducted an online survey using a set of 20 colors comprising five hues and four tones. Children and adults from various regions of the world were asked to choose a color that felt warmer during pairwise comparisons. The results demonstrate universality in hues and cultural specificity, particularly in tones (lightness and saturation elements of colors). In addition, age-specific comparisons between cultures revealed different trajectories of this association during development, highlighting cultural influences.

对颜色的感知涉及到人类发展联系的许多情境。颜色和温度似乎是不相关的概念,但我们的大脑创造了将它们联系起来的方法。根据主要来自西方文化的文献,红色和黄色等颜色通常与温暖联系在一起,而蓝色则与凉爽联系在一起。然而,这种关联的普遍性、文化特殊性和发展轨迹仍未得到充分探讨。为了探索颜色和温度之间的联系是局限于某些文化的现象,还是许多文化的共同机制,我们进行了一项在线调查,使用了包括五种色调和四种色调的20种颜色。来自世界不同地区的儿童和成人被要求在两两比较中选择一种感觉更温暖的颜色。结果显示了色调的普遍性和文化特殊性,特别是色调(颜色的明度和饱和度元素)。此外,不同文化之间的特定年龄比较揭示了这种联系在发展过程中的不同轨迹,突出了文化的影响。
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引用次数: 0
A Method of Enhancing Silk Yarn-Dyed Interwoven Fabric Color Prediction Through CNN Approaches 一种利用CNN方法增强真丝色织织物颜色预测的方法
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/col.70010
Weijing Zhu, Zhe Wang, Xiaoke Jin, Qizheng Li, Yue Chen, Chengyan Zhu

Color is a fundamental characteristic in textiles, particularly in interwoven mixed-color fabrics, where color appearance manifests as a nonlinear and complex phenomenon influenced by multiple factors, including yarn material, yarn color, weave structure, and the weaving process. Traditional mathematical models typically exhibit limitations in accurately capturing and managing this complexity. This study presents a deep learning approach utilizing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to quantitatively analyze and predict the color characteristics of silk interwoven mixed-color fabrics. The primary objective of this research was to enhance the accuracy and stability of color predictions while enabling visual representations of the predicted outcomes. A comprehensive dataset of 1350 samples was established to train and validate the CNN model in color prediction tasks. Evaluation of the model's performance yielded a high predictive accuracy, with an average color difference (∆E 00) of 0.96 between predicted and actual colors—a value close to the threshold of human visual indiscernibility. The results demonstrate that the CNN model offers precise and generalized color prediction capabilities, providing an intuitive visualization of predicted colors, with significant implications for textile design and production processes.

颜色是纺织品的一种基本特征,尤其是交织混色织物,其颜色外观表现为一种非线性的复杂现象,受纱线材料、纱线颜色、组织结构和织造工艺等多种因素的影响。传统的数学模型在准确捕获和管理这种复杂性方面通常表现出局限性。本研究提出了一种利用卷积神经网络(cnn)的深度学习方法来定量分析和预测真丝交织混色织物的颜色特性。这项研究的主要目的是提高颜色预测的准确性和稳定性,同时使预测结果的视觉表现。建立了1350个样本的综合数据集,对CNN模型在颜色预测任务中的训练和验证。对模型性能的评估产生了很高的预测精度,预测颜色和实际颜色之间的平均色差(∆E 00)为0.96,接近人类视觉无法分辨的阈值。结果表明,CNN模型提供了精确和广义的颜色预测能力,提供了预测颜色的直观可视化,对纺织品设计和生产过程具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Chromatic Adaptation in Displays: The Influence of Ambient Environment 显示器的色彩适应:环境的影响
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/col.70009
Eddie Pei, Susan Farnand, Mark D. Fairchild

Chromatic adaptation to displays involves a complex interplay of factors, including surrounding light, background properties, and the luminance of stimuli. This study was aimed at understanding the impact of these factors on visual perception through a series of psychophysical experiments. Our findings show a significant interaction between background and surround conditions in adaptation responses. Two frameworks are proposed to capture the mixed adaptation mechanism. These models show promising results in predicting visual perception responses under various ambient environment conditions. This research offers insight into understanding chromatic adaptation in such complex conditions.

对显示的色彩适应涉及各种因素的复杂相互作用,包括周围的光、背景特性和刺激的亮度。本研究旨在通过一系列的心理物理实验来了解这些因素对视觉感知的影响。我们的研究结果表明,在适应反应中,背景条件和环境条件之间存在显著的相互作用。提出了两个框架来捕捉混合适应机制。这些模型在预测不同环境条件下的视觉感知反应方面显示出良好的结果。这项研究为理解这种复杂条件下的颜色适应提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Testing a Standard Palette for Color Coding Displays 测试用于颜色编码显示的标准调色板
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1002/col.70011
David L. Post, Nicole S. Racine

FAA-HF-STD-010A introduced a standard set of colors for coding air traffic control (ATC) displays. It was developed to accommodate viewers who have mild-to-moderate color-vision deficits (CVDs) without compromising usability for color normals. The test conditions were dark, which represents the majority of ATC environments, but that choice left the palette's suitability for use in brighter environments, such as ATC towers during daytime, unknown. We tested the palette under worst-case tower illumination and found that viewers with normal color vision and many with CVDs can recognize the colors almost perfectly if they can increase the display's luminance sufficiently to compensate—no Bezold–Brücke corrections are needed. Text rendered using all foreground/background combinations remains legible, too. The FAA standard color palette is usable under the full range of ambient illuminances encountered by US air traffic controllers and most other computer-display viewers. The colors are general-purpose and, therefore, suited for many purposes besides ATC that use color coding—especially if CVDs must be accommodated.

FAA-HF-STD-010A引入了一套用于空中交通管制(ATC)显示器编码的标准颜色。它的开发是为了适应有轻度到中度色觉缺陷(cvd)的观众,而不会影响颜色正常的可用性。测试条件是黑暗的,这代表了大多数ATC环境,但这种选择使调色板不适合在更明亮的环境中使用,例如白天的ATC塔,未知。我们在最坏的塔式照明下测试了调色板,发现具有正常色觉的观众和许多患有cvd的观众可以几乎完美地识别颜色,如果他们可以将显示器的亮度增加到足以补偿的程度-不需要bezolde - brcke校正。使用所有前景/背景组合呈现的文本也仍然清晰可辨。美国联邦航空局的标准调色板可以在美国空中交通管制员和大多数其他电脑显示器观众遇到的全范围环境照度下使用。这些颜色是通用的,因此,除了使用颜色编码的ATC之外,还适用于许多其他用途,特别是在必须容纳cvd的情况下。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-Output Linear Regression-Based Yarn and Fabric Spectra Prediction 基于多输出线性回归的纱线和织物光谱预测
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1002/col.70013
Jinxing Liang, Junyi Huang, Guanghao Wu, Wen Wu

Fabrics from yarns of the same color but with different weaving parameters exhibit variations in their spectral properties, which are challenging to quantify description using physical models. This study proposes a bidirectional spectra prediction method for yarn and fabric based on a multi-output linear regression (MOLR) model based on the correlation analysis between the weaving parameters and spectra. Six yarns of different colors were used to weave fabric samples with varying textures by adjusting parameters such as weft density, reed count, and weave structure on an SGA598 fully automatic rapier loom. The spectral reflectance of both yarns and fabrics was measured using an X-Rite Color i7 spectrophotometer. Correlation analysis revealed a significant linear relationship between weft density and fabric spectral data. Therefore, a multi-output linear regression model was developed to predict the forward and backward spectral relationship between yarn and fabric based on weaving parameters. The models were evaluated using k-fold cross-validation and compared with random forest and multi-layer perceptron models. The results demonstrated that the forward spectra prediction model (yarn to fabric) achieved an average RMSE of 0.0055 and a coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.9986, while the backward spectra prediction model (fabric to yarn) achieved an RMSE of 0.0065 and an R 2 of 0.9947. These results indicate strong consistency between the predicted and measured spectra, with the proposed model outperforming random forest (RF) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) models. This study provides methodological support for spectral measurement and analysis of customer fabric samples in the textile industry.

由相同颜色但不同编织参数的纱线制成的织物在其光谱特性上表现出变化,这是使用物理模型进行量化描述的挑战。基于织造参数与光谱的相关性分析,提出了一种基于多输出线性回归(MOLR)模型的纱线和织物双向光谱预测方法。在SGA598型全自动剑杆织机上,通过调整纬纱密度、筘数、组织结构等参数,采用6根不同颜色的纱线,织出不同质感的织物样品。用X-Rite Color i7分光光度计测量纱线和织物的光谱反射率。相关分析显示纬密度与织物光谱数据之间存在显著的线性关系。为此,建立了基于织造参数的多输出线性回归模型,预测纱线与织物之间的正反向光谱关系。使用k-fold交叉验证对模型进行评估,并与随机森林和多层感知器模型进行比较。结果表明,前向光谱预测模型(纱线到织物)的平均RMSE为0.0055,决定系数(r2)为0.9986,后向光谱预测模型(织物到纱线)的平均RMSE为0.0065,r2为0.9947。这些结果表明,预测光谱和测量光谱之间具有很强的一致性,并且所提出的模型优于随机森林(RF)和多层感知器(MLP)模型。本研究为纺织行业客户织物样品的光谱测量和分析提供了方法学支持。
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引用次数: 0
Colors, Position, and Harmonies in Frank Lloyd Wright's Taliesin Palette 弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特的塔里耶森调色板的颜色、位置和和声
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/col.70006
Maria Fernanda Pilotto Brandi

This research analyzes the colors and their positions in Frank Lloyd Wright's 1955 Taliesin palette, examining whether their proximity forms harmonious sets based on predefined parameters. The study will use the Natural Color System (N.C.S.) and its perceptual color variables (hue and nuance) to provide a thorough understanding of the palette and its potential applications. The analysis begins by examining the color variables and where they are applied to the palette. The colors have their hues predominantly around yellow, whiteness (W) mainly in the middle range, concentrated between 50% and 60%, and chromaticness (C) around the lower range, with values between 2% and 30%. Regarding chromatic harmony, the study establishes that most colors in the micro-set should meet specific hue, whiteness, and chromatic criteria. Subsequently, the research identifies the harmonious micro-sets and analyzes their positions within the palette and the relationships between them. The study does not aim to establish strict rules on chromatic harmony but to initiate a discussion on how the architect defined and positioned colors in the Taliesin architectural paint palette.

本研究分析了弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特(Frank Lloyd Wright)在1955年设计的Taliesin调色板中的颜色及其位置,检查它们的接近度是否基于预定义的参数形成和谐的集合。该研究将使用自然色彩系统(N.C.S.)及其感知色彩变量(色调和细微差别),以提供对调色板及其潜在应用的透彻理解。分析首先检查颜色变量以及它们应用到调色板的位置。这些颜色的色调主要围绕黄色,白度(W)主要在中间范围,集中在50%到60%之间,色度(C)在较低范围,值在2%到30%之间。在色彩和谐方面,研究确立了微集中的大多数颜色应满足特定的色调、白度和色彩标准。随后,研究确定了和谐的微集,并分析了它们在调色板中的位置以及它们之间的关系。该研究的目的不是建立严格的色彩和谐规则,而是开始讨论建筑师如何定义和定位Taliesin建筑调色板中的颜色。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Ambient and Display Lighting Color on Risk-Taking Behavior, Perceived Emotional States, and Visual Quality of Indoor Environment 环境和显示灯光颜色对冒险行为、感知情绪状态和室内环境视觉质量的影响
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/col.70005
Naser Shehab, Dorukalp Durmus

Lighting from architectural fixtures and screens can have impacts beyond visual perception, such as occupants' cognitive functions and emotional states. Despite the ubiquity of electric lighting in most indoor environments and the importance of risk-taking behavior as a decision mechanism, it is surprising that the effect of lighting on risk-taking behavior has been rarely investigated. The few studies that investigated this relationship found conflicting results and did not control brightness, which can have confounding effects. This study explores the influence of chromatic lighting on propensity for risk-taking, emotional states, and judgments of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). In a psychophysical experiment, 28 participants were asked to complete subjective surveys and an objective risk-taking task (balloon analog risk task [BART]) shown on a display under different combinations of chromatic ambient and display lighting conditions (white, red, green, blue). The results suggest that lighting chromaticity does not significantly influence risk-taking behavior, but it can affect subjective evaluations of mood and IEQ. White ambient lighting enhanced perceptions of pleasantness and comfort, and chromatic (non-white) display lighting reduced visual quality (pleasantness, visual clarity, and visual complexity) of the scene. Similarly, white display lighting conditions, especially white ambient plus white display lighting, provided substantially more visual comfort, and slightly more happiness and alertness compared to non-white (red, green) display lighting. Overall, the results underscore that ambient and display lighting can alter subjective judgments but might not have a strong role in acute risk-taking behavior.

来自建筑灯具和屏幕的照明可以产生超越视觉感知的影响,例如居住者的认知功能和情绪状态。尽管电气照明在大多数室内环境中无处不在,冒险行为作为一种决策机制的重要性,但令人惊讶的是,照明对冒险行为的影响很少被研究。少数调查这种关系的研究发现了相互矛盾的结果,并且没有控制亮度,这可能会产生混淆效应。本研究探讨了彩色照明对冒险倾向、情绪状态和室内环境质量判断(IEQ)的影响。在一项心理物理实验中,28名参与者被要求在不同颜色环境和显示照明条件(白、红、绿、蓝)的组合下完成主观调查和客观冒险任务(气球模拟风险任务[BART])。结果表明,光照色度对冒险行为没有显著影响,但会影响情绪和IEQ的主观评价。白色环境照明增强了对愉悦感和舒适度的感知,而彩色(非白色)显示照明降低了场景的视觉质量(愉悦感、视觉清晰度和视觉复杂性)。同样,白色照明条件,特别是白色环境加上白色照明,与非白色(红色、绿色)照明相比,提供了更多的视觉舒适,以及更多的快乐和警觉性。总的来说,研究结果强调了环境和显示器照明可以改变主观判断,但可能对急性冒险行为没有很大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Construction of the Real Surface Color Gamut 真实表面色域的构造
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/col.70004
Lihao Xu, Zhenlei Song, Ming Ronnier Luo, Changjun Li

A new color gamut for real surface colors is proposed, based on 102 801 samples. This dataset encompasses a diverse range of artificial and natural materials. In order to define this gamut, a modified lattice regression interpolation algorithm was employed to define this gamut. The algorithm effectively balances accuracy and smoothness while maintaining convex hull properties, rendering the proposed gamut suitable for practical applications. A comparative analysis has been conducted between the proposed gamut and a variety of reference color gamuts, including those defined by ISO, Pointer, and the optimal colors. The results demonstrate that the proposed gamut is the most appropriate for the representation of real surface colors. Furthermore, to ascertain the impact of varying lighting conditions and different color spaces, the real surface color gamuts were derived under a range of correlated color temperatures (CCTs), spanning from 2000 to 10 000 K and across diverse color spaces. The findings indicate that the gamut volume initially increases with the increase of CCT, but then gradually and subtly declines when the CCT exceeds approximately 4000 K.

基于1020801个样本,提出了一种新的真实表面颜色色域。这个数据集包含了各种各样的人工和天然材料。为了定义该色域,采用改进的点阵回归插值算法来定义该色域。该算法在保持凸包特性的同时,有效地平衡了准确性和平滑性,使所提出的色域适合实际应用。在建议的色域和各种参考色域之间进行了比较分析,包括由ISO,指针和最佳颜色定义的色域。结果表明,所提出的色域最适合真实表面颜色的表示。此外,为了确定不同照明条件和不同色彩空间的影响,在相关色温(cct)范围内推导了真实表面色域,范围从2000到10000 K,跨越不同的色彩空间。结果表明,色域体积随着CCT的增加而增加,但当CCT超过4000 K左右时,色域体积逐渐减小。
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引用次数: 0
An Adaptive Tone Mapping Method for PQ- and HLG-Encoded HDR Contents PQ和hgh编码HDR内容的自适应色调映射方法
IF 1.4 3区 工程技术 Q4 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/col.70002
Yu Wang, Minchen Wei, Zhangyu Ye, Tao Hu, Hongyong Zheng

A new adaptive tone mapping algorithm, which includes global contrast compression, local detail enhancement, and dark region enhancement, is proposed in this paper for HDR images encoded with perceptual quantization (PQ) or hybrid log-gamma (HLG) transfer functions with the absolute luminance values. In particular, the global contrast compression adopts a luminance mapping curve considering the relationship between the HDR diffuse white and SDR nominal peak luminance, as well as the mapping of the skin tone. The local detail enhancement adopts an enhancement factor to enhance the details while avoiding halo effects. Moreover, the dark region enhancement is performed on nighttime images to enhance the visibility of details in dark regions. When compared to eight popular tone mapping methods, the proposed method is found to achieve a great global contrast, maintain local details, and also enhance great visibility of the details of nighttime images.

针对具有绝对亮度值的感知量化(PQ)或混合对数-伽马(HLG)传递函数编码的HDR图像,提出了一种包含全局对比度压缩、局部细节增强和暗区增强的自适应色调映射算法。其中,全局对比度压缩采用了考虑HDR漫反射白与SDR标称峰值亮度关系以及肤色映射的亮度映射曲线。局部细节增强采用增强因子来增强细节,同时避免光晕效应。此外,对夜间图像进行暗区增强,增强暗区细节的可见性。对比八种常用的色调映射方法,发现该方法在保持局部细节的同时,实现了较好的全局对比度,增强了夜间图像细节的可见性。
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引用次数: 0
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Color Research and Application
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