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Landscape heterogeneity buffers the impact of an extreme weather event on wildlife 景观异质性可缓冲极端天气事件对野生动物的影响
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07195-1
Laura R. Prugh, Jessica D. Lundquist, Benjamin K. Sullender, Calum X. Cunningham, Jack Dechow, Bridget L. Borg, Pamela J. Sousanes, Sarah Stehn, Michael T. Durand
Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent, with poorly known consequences for wildlife. In December 2021, an atmospheric river brought record-shattering amounts of rain and snow to interior Alaska, creating conditions expected to cause mass mortality in grazing ungulate populations that need to access ground forage. We characterized snowpack conditions following the storm and used a 36-year monitoring dataset to quantify impacts on caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and their primary predator, wolves (Canis lupus). December precipitation was 7.3 SD above the 99-year mean and 2.5-fold higher than the prior record, with a return period of 333 years. However, ice thickness within the snowpack was highly variable across vegetation types, and caribou shifted to use higher elevations that can blow free of snow. Caribou and wolf mortality rates were 1.3–1.8 SD above normal and caribou population growth rates were low but similar to recent years, indicating a surprisingly weak demographic response. These findings indicate that landscape diversity may bolster resistance of wildlife populations to short-term, potentially devastating effects of extreme weather. Using weather data combined with multi-decadal caribou and wolf demographic data, heterogeneous habitat and topography are shown to mitigate the impact of an extreme precipitation event on wildlife populations in Alaska.
极端天气事件越来越频繁,对野生动物造成的后果却鲜为人知。2021 年 12 月,一条大气河流给阿拉斯加内陆地区带来了创纪录的雨雪量,预计将导致需要获取地面饲料的放牧麋鹿大量死亡。我们描述了暴风雪后的积雪状况,并利用 36 年的监测数据集量化了对驯鹿(Rangifer tarandus)及其主要捕食者狼(Canis lupus)的影响。12 月份的降水量比 99 年的平均值高出 7.3 SD,比之前的记录高出 2.5 倍,重现期为 333 年。然而,不同植被类型的积雪冰层厚度变化很大,驯鹿转移到可以吹到无雪的高海拔地区。驯鹿和狼的死亡率比正常值高出 1.3-1.8 SD,驯鹿种群增长率较低,但与近几年相似,这表明种群反应出奇地微弱。这些研究结果表明,地貌多样性可能会增强野生动物种群对极端天气的短期、潜在破坏性影响的抵抗力。利用气象数据与十年以上的驯鹿和狼人口统计数据相结合,表明异质性的栖息地和地形可减轻极端降水事件对阿拉斯加野生动物种群的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Explicit description of viral capsid subunit shapes by unfolding dihedrons 通过展开二面体明确描述病毒衣壳亚基形状
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07218-x
Ryuya Toyooka, Seri Nishimoto, Tomoya Tendo, Takashi Horiyama, Tomohiro Tachi, Yasuhiro Matsunaga
Viral capsid assembly and the design of capsid-based nanocontainers critically depend on understanding the shapes and interfaces of constituent protein subunits. However, a comprehensive framework for characterizing these features is still lacking. Here, we introduce a novel approach based on spherical tiling theory that explicitly describes the 2D shapes and interfaces of subunits in icosahedral capsids. Our method unfolds spherical dihedrons defined by icosahedral symmetry axes, enabling systematic characterization of all possible subunit geometries. Applying this framework to real T = 1 capsid structures reveals distinct interface groups within this single classification, with variations in interaction patterns around 3-fold and 5-fold symmetry axes. We validate our classification through molecular docking simulations, demonstrating its consistency with physical subunit interactions. This analysis suggests different assembly pathways for capsid nucleation. Our general framework is applicable to other triangular numbers, paving the way for broader studies in structural virology and nanomaterial design. A proposed geometric framework describes and classifies all possible protein subunit shapes in viral capsids through spherical tiling theory, revealing different interaction patterns based on subunit interfaces and providing a structural foundation
病毒囊体的组装和基于囊体的纳米容器的设计关键取决于对组成蛋白质亚基的形状和界面的了解。然而,目前仍缺乏表征这些特征的综合框架。在这里,我们介绍了一种基于球面平铺理论的新方法,它能明确描述二十面体囊壳中亚基的二维形状和界面。我们的方法展开了由二十面体对称轴定义的球面二面体,从而能够系统地描述所有可能的亚基几何形状。将这一框架应用于实际的 T = 1 胶囊结构,可以在这一单一分类中发现不同的界面组,围绕 3 折对称轴和 5 折对称轴的相互作用模式各不相同。我们通过分子对接模拟验证了我们的分类,证明其与物理亚基相互作用一致。这一分析表明了不同的囊核组装途径。我们的一般框架适用于其他三角形数字,为结构病毒学和纳米材料设计方面的更广泛研究铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Uncovering the arsenal of class II bacteriocins in salivarius streptococci 揭示唾液链球菌中第二类细菌素的武库。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07217-y
Julien Damoczi, Adrien Knoops, Marie-Sophie Martou, Félix Jaumaux, Philippe Gabant, Jacques Mahillon, Jan-Willem Veening, Johann Mignolet, Pascal Hols
Facing the antibiotic resistance crisis, bacteriocins are considered as a promising alternative to treat bacterial infections. In the human commensal Streptococcus salivarius, the production of unmodified bacteriocins (or salivaricins) is directly controlled at the transcriptional level by quorum-sensing. To discover hidden bacteriocins, we harnessed here the unique molecular signatures of salivaricins not yet used in available computational pipelines and performed genome mining followed by orthogonal reconstitution and expression. From 100 genomes of S. salivarius, we identified more than 50 bacteriocin candidates clustered into 21 groups. Strain-based analysis of bacteriocin combinations revealed significant diversity, reflecting the plasticity of seven independent loci. Activity tests showed both narrow and broad-spectrum bacteriocins with overlapping activities against a wide panel of Gram-positive bacteria, including notorious multidrug-resistant pathogens. Overall, this work provides a search-to-test generic pipeline for bacteriocin discovery with high impact for bacterial ecology and broad applications in the food and biomedical fields. Class II bacteriocins in the Streptococcus salivarius pan-genome were bioinformatically identified based on conserved sequence properties. These diverse “salivaricins” show antibacterial activity against Gram-positive pathogens.
面对抗生素耐药性危机,细菌素被认为是治疗细菌感染的一种有前途的替代品。在人类共生菌唾液链球菌(Streptococcus salivarius)中,未修饰的细菌素(或唾液素)的产生在转录水平上直接受控于法定人数感应(quorum-sensing)。为了发现隐藏的细菌素,我们利用现有计算管道尚未使用的唾液毒素独特的分子特征,进行了基因组挖掘,然后进行了正交重组和表达。从 100 个唾液球菌基因组中,我们发现了 50 多种候选细菌素,共分为 21 组。基于菌株的细菌素组合分析揭示了显著的多样性,反映了七个独立基因座的可塑性。活性测试表明,窄谱和广谱细菌素对广泛的革兰氏阳性细菌(包括臭名昭著的耐多药病原体)具有重叠活性。总之,这项工作为细菌素的发现提供了一个从搜索到测试的通用管道,对细菌生态学具有重大影响,并可广泛应用于食品和生物医学领域。
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引用次数: 0
Accounting for heterogeneity due to environmental sources in meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies 在全基因组关联研究的荟萃分析中考虑环境因素导致的异质性。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07236-9
Siru Wang, Oyesola O. Ojewunmi, Abram Kamiza, Michele Ramsay, Andrew P. Morris, Tinashe Chikowore, Segun Fatumo, Jennifer L. Asimit
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) across diverse populations offers power gains to identify loci associated with complex traits and diseases. Often heterogeneity in effect sizes across populations will be correlated with genetic ancestry and environmental exposures (e.g. lifestyle factors). We present an environment-adjusted meta-regression model (env-MR-MEGA) to detect genetic associations by adjusting for and quantifying environmental and ancestral heterogeneity between populations. In simulations, env-MR-MEGA has similar or greater association power than MR-MEGA, with notable gains when the environmental factor has a greater correlation with the trait than ancestry. In our analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in ~19,000 individuals across twelve sex-stratified GWAS from Africa, adjusting for sex, BMI, and urban status, we identify additional heterogeneity beyond ancestral effects for seven variants. Env-MR-MEGA provides an approach to account for environmental effects using summary-level data, making it a useful tool for meta-analyses without the need to share individual-level data. Adjusting for and quantifying environmental heterogeneity in the meta-analysis of genomewide association studies of diverse populations identifies additional heterogeneity beyond ancestral effects.
对不同人群的全基因组关联研究(GWAS)进行元分析可提高识别与复杂性状和疾病相关的基因位点的能力。不同人群间效应大小的异质性往往与遗传血统和环境暴露(如生活方式因素)相关。我们提出了一种环境调整元回归模型(env-MR-MEGA),通过调整和量化人群间的环境和祖先异质性来检测遗传关联。在模拟实验中,env-MR-MEGA 的关联能力与 MR-MEGA 相似或更强,当环境因素与性状的相关性大于祖先相关性时,env-MR-MEGA 的关联能力会显著提高。我们对非洲 12 个性别分层 GWAS 中约 19,000 人的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇进行了分析,并对性别、体重指数和城市状况进行了调整。Env-MR-MEGA提供了一种利用汇总级数据解释环境效应的方法,使其成为一种有用的荟萃分析工具,而无需共享个体级数据。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in methods and concepts provide new insight into antibiotic fluxes across the bacterial membrane 方法和概念的进步为了解抗生素在细菌膜上的通量提供了新的视角。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07168-4
Julia Vergalli, Matthieu Réfrégiers, Paolo Ruggerone, Mathias Winterhalter, Jean-Marie Pagès
The sophisticated envelope of Gram-negative bacteria modulates the uptake of small molecules in a side-chain-sensitive manner. Despite intensive theoretical and experimental investigations, a general set of pathways underpinning antibiotic uptake has not been identified. This manuscript discusses the passive influx versus active efflux of antibiotics, considering the responsible membrane proteins and the transported molecules. Recent methods have analyzed drug transport across the bacterial membrane in order to understand their activity. The combination of in vitro, in cellulo and in silico methods shed light on the key, mainly electrostatic, interactions between the molecule surface, porins and transporters during permeation. A key factor is the relationship between the dose of an active compound near its target and its antibacterial activity during the critical early window. Today, methodology breakthroughs provide fruitful tools to precisely dissect drug transport, identify key steps in drug resistance associated with membrane impermeability and efflux, and highlight key parameters to generate more effective drugs. Gram-negative bacteria envelope controls drug accumulation via passive influx and active efflux mechanisms. This article discusses recent in cellulo, in vitro, and in silico methods highlighting key “drug-transporters” dialogues and proposes new perspectives to overcome drug resistance.
革兰氏阴性细菌复杂的包膜以侧链敏感的方式调节小分子的吸收。尽管进行了深入的理论和实验研究,但仍未找到支撑抗生素吸收的一般途径。本手稿讨论了抗生素的被动流入和主动流出,同时考虑了相关的膜蛋白和转运分子。最近的方法分析了药物在细菌膜上的转运,以了解其活性。体外、细胞内和硅学方法的结合揭示了渗透过程中分子表面、孔蛋白和转运体之间的关键(主要是静电)相互作用。一个关键因素是,在关键的早期窗口期,目标附近的活性化合物剂量与其抗菌活性之间的关系。如今,方法上的突破为精确剖析药物转运、确定与膜不透性和外流相关的耐药性关键步骤以及突出关键参数以产生更有效的药物提供了富有成效的工具。
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引用次数: 0
In vivo assembly of complete eukaryotic nucleosomes and (H3-H4)-only non-canonical nucleosomal particles in the model bacterium Escherichia coli 在模式菌大肠杆菌体内组装完整的真核生物核小体和仅含(H3-H4)的非规范核小体颗粒。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07211-4
Xiaojuan Zhou, Niubing Zhang, Jie Gong, Kaixiang Zhang, Ping Chen, Xiang Cheng, Bang-Ce Ye, Guoping Zhao, Xinyun Jing, Xuan Li
As a fundamental unit for packaging genomic DNA into chromatin, the eukaryotic nucleosome core comprises a canonical octamer with two copies for each histone, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, wrapped around with 147 base pairs of DNA. While H3 and H4 share structure-fold with archaeal histone-like proteins, the eukaryotic nucleosome core and the complete nucleosome (the core plus H1 histone) are unique to eukaryotes. To explore whether the eukaryotic nucleosome can assemble in prokaryotes and to reconstruct the possible route for its emergence in eukaryogenesis, we developed an in vivo system for assembly of nucleosomes in the model bacterium, Escherichia coli, and successfully reconstituted the core nucleosome, the complete nucleosome, and unexpectedly the non-canonical (H3-H4)4 octasome. The core and complete nucleosomes assembled in E. coli exhibited footprints typical of eukaryotic hosts after in situ micrococcal nuclease digestion. Additionally, they caused condensation of E. coli nucleoid. We also demonstrated the stable formation of non-canonical (H3-H4)2 tetrasome and (H3-H4)4 octasomes in vivo, which are suggested to be ‘fossil complex’ that marks the intermediate in the progressive development of eukaryotic nucleosome. The study presents a unique platform in a bacterium for in vivo assembly and studying the properties of non-canonical variants of nucleosome. Development of an in vivo system for assembly of eukaryotic nucleosomes in Escherichia coli, including the non-canonical (H3-H4)4 octasome, suggests the H3-H4 tetrasome and octasomes are likely intermediate complexes in the evolution of the eukaryotic nucleosome.
作为将基因组 DNA 包装成染色质的基本单位,真核生物核小体核心由一个典型的八聚体组成,每个组蛋白(H2A、H2B、H3 和 H4)都有两个拷贝,外面包着 147 个碱基对的 DNA。虽然 H3 和 H4 与古生组蛋白类似蛋白具有相同的结构折叠,但真核生物核小体核心和完整的核小体(核心加 H1 组蛋白)却是真核生物所独有的。为了探索真核生物核小体能否在原核生物中组装,并重建其在真核发生过程中出现的可能途径,我们在模式细菌大肠杆菌中开发了一个体内核小体组装系统,并成功地重组了核心核小体、完整核小体以及非经典的(H3-H4)4八聚体。在大肠杆菌中组装的核心核小体和完整核小体在原位微球菌核酸酶消化后显示出真核宿主的典型足迹。此外,它们还引起了大肠杆菌核小体的凝集。我们还证明了非经典(H3-H4)2 四体和(H3-H4)4 八体在体内的稳定形成,它们被认为是 "化石复合体",标志着真核生物核小体逐步发展的中间过程。这项研究提供了一个独特的细菌平台,用于在体内组装和研究核小体非典型变体的特性。
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引用次数: 0
Longitudinal analyses of infants’ microbiome and metabolome reveal microbes and metabolites with seemingly coordinated dynamics 对婴儿微生物组和代谢组的纵向分析显示,微生物和代谢物似乎具有协调的动态变化。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07015-6
Hao Wu, Douglas V. Guzior, Christian Martin, Kerri A. Neugebauer, Madison M. Rzepka, Julie C. Lumeng, Robert A. Quinn, Gustavo de los Campos
Population studies have shown that the infant’s microbiome and metabolome undergo significant changes in early childhood. However, no previous study has investigated how diverse these changes are across subjects and whether the subject-specific dynamics of some microbes correlate with the over-time dynamics of specific metabolites. Using mixed-effects models, and data from the ABC study, we investigated the early childhood dynamics of fecal microbiome and metabolome and identified 83 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 753 metabolites with seemingly coordinated trajectories. Enrichment analysis of these microbes and molecules revealed eight ASV families and 23 metabolite groups involving 1032 ASV-metabolite pairs with their presence-absence changing in a coordinated fashion. Members of the Lachnospiraceae (464/1032) and metabolites related to cholestane steroids (309/1032) dominated proportional shifts within the fecal microbiome and metabolome as infants aged. Longitudinal analyses of subject-specific dynamics in infants’ microbiome and metabolome identified microbes and metabolites with seemingly coordinated dynamics.
群体研究表明,婴儿的微生物组和代谢组在幼儿期会发生重大变化。然而,以前的研究还没有调查过这些变化在不同受试者身上的多样性,以及某些微生物的特定受试者动态是否与特定代谢物的长期动态相关。利用混合效应模型和 ABC 研究的数据,我们研究了儿童早期粪便微生物组和代谢组的动态变化,发现了 83 个扩增子序列变异(ASV)和 753 个代谢物,它们的轨迹似乎是协调的。对这些微生物和分子的富集分析显示,有8个ASV家族和23个代谢物组,涉及1032对ASV-代谢物,它们的存在-不存在以协调的方式发生变化。随着婴儿年龄的增长,粪便微生物组和代谢组中的Lachnospiraceae成员(464/1032)和与胆甾烷类固醇有关的代谢物(309/1032)的比例变化占主导地位。
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引用次数: 0
Multiscale 3D genome rewiring during PTF1A-mediated somatic cell reprogramming into neural stem cells 在 PTF1A 介导的体细胞重编程为神经干细胞过程中的多尺度三维基因组重配。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07230-1
Rong Zhang, Jun Sun, Shuting Liu, Junjun Ding, Mengqing Xiang
The genome is intricately folded into chromatin compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs) and loops unique to each cell type. How this higher-order genome organization regulates cell fate transition remains elusive. Here we show how a single non-neural progenitor transcription factor, PTF1A, reorchestrates the 3D genome during fibroblast transdifferentiation into neural stem cells (NSCs). Multiomics analyses integrating Hi-C data, PTF1A and CTCF DNA-binding profiles, H3K27ac modification, and gene expression, demonstrate that PTF1A binds to subTAD boundaries subsequently associated with elevated CTCF binding and enhanced boundary insulation, and reorganizes chromatin loops, leading to gene expression changes that drive transdifferentiation into NSCs. Moreover, PTF1A activates enhancers and super-enhancers near low-insulation boundaries and modulates H3K27ac deposition, promoting cell fate transitions. Together, our data implicate an involvement of 3D genome in transcriptional and cell fate alterations, and highlight an essential role for PTF1A in gene expression control and multiscale 3D genome remodeling during cell reprogramming. This study explores the role of the transcription factor PTF1A in remodeling 3D genome architecture during the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to neural stem cells, highlighting changes in gene expression and TAD organization.
基因组被错综复杂地折叠成染色质区、拓扑关联域(TAD)以及每种细胞类型特有的环路。这种高阶基因组组织如何调控细胞命运的转变仍是一个未知数。在这里,我们展示了单个非神经祖转录因子PTF1A如何在成纤维细胞向神经干细胞(NSCs)转分化过程中重新配置三维基因组。整合了Hi-C数据、PTF1A和CTCF DNA结合图谱、H3K27ac修饰和基因表达的多组学分析表明,PTF1A与subTAD边界结合,随后与CTCF结合增强和边界绝缘增强相关联,并重组染色质环路,导致基因表达变化,推动向NSCs的转分化。此外,PTF1A 还能激活低绝缘边界附近的增强子和超级增强子,并调节 H3K27ac 的沉积,促进细胞命运的转变。总之,我们的数据表明三维基因组参与了转录和细胞命运的改变,并强调了 PTF1A 在细胞重编程过程中基因表达控制和多尺度三维基因组重塑中的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Kelch13 mutant proteins display reduced heme-binding affinity and decreased artemisinin activation 耐青蒿素的恶性疟原虫 Kelch13 突变体蛋白显示出血红素结合亲和力降低和青蒿素激活能力下降。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07178-2
Abdur Rahman, Sabahat Tamseel, Smritikana Dutta, Nawaal Khan, Mohammad Faaiz, Harshita Rastogi, Jyoti Rani Nath, Kasturi Haldar, Pramit Chowdhury,  Ashish, Souvik Bhattacharjee
The potency of frontline antimalarial drug artemisinin (ART) derivatives is triggered by heme-induced cleavage of the endoperoxide bond to form reactive heme-ART alkoxy radicals and covalent heme-ART adducts, which are highly toxic to the parasite. ART-resistant (ART-R) parasites with mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum Kelch-containing protein Kelch13 (PfKekch13) exhibit impaired hemoglobin uptake, reduced yield of hemoglobin-derived heme, and thus decreased ART activation. However, any direct involvement of PfKelch13 in heme-mediated ART activation has not been reported. Here, we show that the purified recombinant PfKelch13 wild-type (WT) protein displays measurable binding affinity for iron and heme, the main effectors for ART activation. The heme-binding property is also exhibited by the native PfKelch13 protein from parasite culture. The two ART-R recombinant PfKelch13 mutants (C580Y and R539T) display weaker heme binding affinities compared to the ART-sensitive WT and A578S mutant proteins, which further translates into reduced yield of heme-ART derivatives when ART is incubated with the heme molecules bound to the mutant PfKelch13 proteins. In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence for ART activation via the heme-binding propensity of PfKelch13. This mechanism may contribute to the modulation of ART-R levels in malaria parasites through a novel function of PfKelch13. Elucidation of heme binding affinity and artemisinin activation by the Plasmodium falciparum Kelch13 protein variants.
一线抗疟药物青蒿素(ART)衍生物的药效是由血红素诱导的内过氧键裂解形成活性血红素-ART 烷氧基自由基和共价血红素-ART 加合物引发的,后者对寄生虫有剧毒。恶性疟原虫含 Kelch 蛋白 Kelch13(PfKekch13)发生突变的抗逆转录病毒寄生虫(ART-R)表现出血红蛋白摄取受损、血红蛋白衍生血红素产量减少,从而降低了 ART 的活化。然而,PfKelch13 直接参与血红素介导的 ART 激活的情况尚未见报道。在这里,我们发现纯化的重组 PfKelch13 野生型(WT)蛋白与铁和血红素(ART 激活的主要效应物)具有可测量的结合亲和力。寄生虫培养物中的原生 PfKelch13 蛋白也具有血红素结合特性。与 ART 敏感的 WT 和 A578S 突变蛋白相比,两个 ART-R 重组 PfKelch13 突变体(C580Y 和 R539T)显示出较弱的血红素结合亲和力,当 ART 与结合到突变 PfKelch13 蛋白上的血红素分子孵育时,这进一步转化为血红素-ART 衍生物产量的减少。总之,本研究首次提供了通过 PfKelch13 的血红素结合倾向激活 ART 的证据。这一机制可能有助于通过 PfKelch13 的新功能调节疟原虫体内的 ART-R 水平。
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引用次数: 0
Aridification and major geotectonic landscape change shaped an extraordinary species radiation across a world’s extreme elevational gradient 干旱化和大地构造景观的重大变化形成了跨越世界极端海拔梯度的非同寻常的物种辐射。
IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07181-7
Adrián Villastrigo, Steven J. B. Cooper, Barbara Langille, Erinn P. Fagan-Jeffries, William F. Humphreys, Lars Hendrich, Michael Balke
Understanding the profound influence of climatic and tectonic histories on adaptation and speciation is a crucial focus in biology research. While voyages like Humboldt’s expedition shaped our understanding of adaptation, the origin of current biodiversity remains unclear – whether it arose in situ or through dispersal from analogous habitats. Situated in the geologically complex Australopacific region, our study focuses on Limbodessus diving beetles (Dytiscidae), a diverse genus distributed from underground aquifers in Western Australia to alpine meadows in New Guinea. Using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing, we established a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree, elucidating Limbodessus’ origin in the mid-late Miocene, most likely in the Sahul continent (i.e., Australia and New Guinea) and western Pacific archipelagos. Our results provide evidence for parallel colonization and speciation at extreme altitudinal ends, driven by aridification in Australia, influencing subterranean colonization, and in situ diversification of alpine taxa by passive-uplifting of local biota in New Guinea. Furthermore, our findings highlight instances of subterranean speciation in isolated underground aquifers, marked by recurrent independent colonizations of this habitat. This study on Limbodessus diving beetles reveals a mid-late Miocene origin in the Sahul region, with arid-driven subterranean speciation in Australia and alpine diversification in New Guinea through passive uplift.
了解气候和构造历史对适应和物种繁衍的深远影响是生物学研究的一个关键重点。洪堡特等人的远征改变了我们对适应性的理解,但目前生物多样性的起源仍不清楚--它是在原地产生的,还是通过从类似栖息地的扩散而产生的。在地质复杂的澳大拉西亚地区,我们的研究重点是Limbodessus潜水甲虫(Dytiscidae),这是一个从西澳大利亚的地下蓄水层到新几内亚的高山草甸都有分布的多样性属。利用低覆盖率的全基因组测序,我们建立了一棵经过时间校准的系统发生树,阐明了Limbodessus起源于中新世中晚期,很可能在撒哈拉大陆(即澳大利亚和新几内亚)和西太平洋群岛。我们的研究结果提供了在极端海拔高度两端平行定殖和物种分化的证据,澳大利亚的干旱化影响了地下定殖,而新几内亚当地生物群的被动上移则影响了高山类群的就地分化。此外,我们的研究结果还突显了孤立的地下含水层中的地下物种分化,其特点是这种栖息地反复出现的独立定殖。
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引用次数: 0
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Communications Biology
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