Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295847
M. Buhren, Bin Yang
In this paper, we present extensions to the existing model which consider the effects of multipath propagation and multiple reflections in order to bring the simulated target lists a step closer to reality.
在本文中，我们对已有的模型进行了扩展，考虑了多径传播和多次反射的影响，使模拟的目标列表更接近真实。
{"title":"Extension of Automotive Radar Target List Simulation to consider further Physical Aspects","authors":"M. Buhren, Bin Yang","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295847","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present extensions to the existing model which consider the effects of multipath propagation and multiple reflections in order to bring the simulated target lists a step closer to reality.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128512888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295927
C. Garcia, A. Lehner, T. Strang, Matthias Röckl
The paper presents an overview of the state of the art in collision avoidance related with transportation systems like the automatic identification system (AIS) for maritime transportation, traffic alert and collision avoidance system/automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (TCAS/ADS-B) for aircraft, and the car-2-car communication system (C2C) for road transportation. The examined systems rely on position detection and direct communication among vehicles. Alike a collision avoidance system for railway transportation "RCAS" is introduced. Focussing on the communication aspects, possible applicability of the examined state of the art systems to RCAS is studied. The analysis are performed at different communication system layers, namely application (APP) layer, media access control (MAC) layer and physical layer (PHY), which are the most relevant for a single hop network broadcast system as favorized in RCAS. Since multihop and addressed communication are not foreseen in a first RCAS approach, the network layer is not taken into account.
{"title":"Comparison of Collision Avoidance Systems and Applicability to Rail Transport","authors":"C. Garcia, A. Lehner, T. Strang, Matthias Röckl","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295927","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an overview of the state of the art in collision avoidance related with transportation systems like the automatic identification system (AIS) for maritime transportation, traffic alert and collision avoidance system/automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (TCAS/ADS-B) for aircraft, and the car-2-car communication system (C2C) for road transportation. The examined systems rely on position detection and direct communication among vehicles. Alike a collision avoidance system for railway transportation \"RCAS\" is introduced. Focussing on the communication aspects, possible applicability of the examined state of the art systems to RCAS is studied. The analysis are performed at different communication system layers, namely application (APP) layer, media access control (MAC) layer and physical layer (PHY), which are the most relevant for a single hop network broadcast system as favorized in RCAS. Since multihop and addressed communication are not foreseen in a first RCAS approach, the network layer is not taken into account.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128252212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295858
Minghui Li, Yilong Lu
This paper addresses the problem of source direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation using a sensor array, where some of the sensors are perfectly calibrated, while others are uncalibrated. An algorithm is proposed for estimating the source directions in addition to the estimation of unknown array parameters such as sensor gains and phases, as a way of performing array self-calibration. The cost function is an extension of the maximum likelihood (ML) criteria that were originally developed for DOA estimation with a perfectly calibrated array. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to explore the high-dimensional problem space and find the global minimum of the cost function. The design of the PSO is a combination of the problem-independent kernel and some newly introduced problem-specific features such as search space mapping, particle velocity control, and particle position clipping. This architecture plus properly selected parameters make the PSO highly flexible and reusable, while being sufficiently specific and effective in the current application. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique may produce more accurate estimates of the source bearings and unknown array parameters in a cheaper way as compared with other popular methods, with the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) approaching and asymptotically attaining the Cramer Rao bound (CRB) even in unfavorable conditions.
{"title":"Maximum Likelihood Processing for Arrays with Partially Unknown Sensor Gains and Phases","authors":"Minghui Li, Yilong Lu","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295858","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of source direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation using a sensor array, where some of the sensors are perfectly calibrated, while others are uncalibrated. An algorithm is proposed for estimating the source directions in addition to the estimation of unknown array parameters such as sensor gains and phases, as a way of performing array self-calibration. The cost function is an extension of the maximum likelihood (ML) criteria that were originally developed for DOA estimation with a perfectly calibrated array. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to explore the high-dimensional problem space and find the global minimum of the cost function. The design of the PSO is a combination of the problem-independent kernel and some newly introduced problem-specific features such as search space mapping, particle velocity control, and particle position clipping. This architecture plus properly selected parameters make the PSO highly flexible and reusable, while being sufficiently specific and effective in the current application. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique may produce more accurate estimates of the source bearings and unknown array parameters in a cheaper way as compared with other popular methods, with the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) approaching and asymptotically attaining the Cramer Rao bound (CRB) even in unfavorable conditions.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"5 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130136628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295888
Minghui Li, Yilong Lu
With the advancements in wireless sensor network (WSN) platform architecture and cost-effective smart antennas, it is feasible to integrate antenna arrays on the sensor node in the same dimensions with slightly additional cost, and some integrated platforms have been reported. In this paper, we consider the challenging problem of direction finding in unknown noise fields with the onboard antenna array, arising from the desire to better exploit the spatial diversity in the harsh WSN deployment environments for various network-level benefits. We present an optimal algorithm based on the maximum likelihood (ML) criteria, and computed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) for accurate and fast direction estimation. The ML criterion function is derived using parameterization of noise covariance, and the PSO is incorporated with newly introduced features and properly selected parameters to enhance its convergence. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm produces excellent bearing estimates, even in unfavorable scenarios involving few antenna elements, low signal-to-noise ratios and short data samples, which are the typical WSN working conditions due to the power, space and cost constraints.
{"title":"Optimal Direction Finding in Unknown Noise Environments Using Antenna Arrays in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Minghui Li, Yilong Lu","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295888","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancements in wireless sensor network (WSN) platform architecture and cost-effective smart antennas, it is feasible to integrate antenna arrays on the sensor node in the same dimensions with slightly additional cost, and some integrated platforms have been reported. In this paper, we consider the challenging problem of direction finding in unknown noise fields with the onboard antenna array, arising from the desire to better exploit the spatial diversity in the harsh WSN deployment environments for various network-level benefits. We present an optimal algorithm based on the maximum likelihood (ML) criteria, and computed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) for accurate and fast direction estimation. The ML criterion function is derived using parameterization of noise covariance, and the PSO is incorporated with newly introduced features and properly selected parameters to enhance its convergence. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm produces excellent bearing estimates, even in unfavorable scenarios involving few antenna elements, low signal-to-noise ratios and short data samples, which are the typical WSN working conditions due to the power, space and cost constraints.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130651264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295922
D. Pareit, N. Gheysens, T. Van Leeuwen, I. Moerman, W. Van Brussel, W. Torfs, P. De Cleyn, C. Blondia
Internet-on-the-train is a rising concept in the last few years. Several trials in different countries have proved the feasibility of offering Internet access to train commuters, but none of them combines broadband access, scalability, seamless handover and quality of service guarantees in one solution. In this paper, we propose a new architecture to satisfy these needs. Using real handover measurement data of several common broadband wireless technologies, we compare two possible inter-working mobility solutions: Mobile Multi-Path SCTP (MMP-SCTP) and Mobile IP (MIP).
{"title":"QoS-enabled Internet-on-train network architecture: inter-working by MMP-SCTP versus MIP","authors":"D. Pareit, N. Gheysens, T. Van Leeuwen, I. Moerman, W. Van Brussel, W. Torfs, P. De Cleyn, C. Blondia","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295922","url":null,"abstract":"Internet-on-the-train is a rising concept in the last few years. Several trials in different countries have proved the feasibility of offering Internet access to train commuters, but none of them combines broadband access, scalability, seamless handover and quality of service guarantees in one solution. In this paper, we propose a new architecture to satisfy these needs. Using real handover measurement data of several common broadband wireless technologies, we compare two possible inter-working mobility solutions: Mobile Multi-Path SCTP (MMP-SCTP) and Mobile IP (MIP).","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130251896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295918
V. Hoang, M. Ma, R. Miura, M. Fujise
Mesh WiMAX is a very good candidate for Maritime Intelligent Transport System (ITS) characterized by the long distance and multiple hops communication. In Maritime ITS, handover would be an important issue affecting the performance of the whole network. Current mobile WiMAX does not support multi-hops handover. This paper presents a novel multi-hops, soft handover solution for Mesh WiMAX network in Maritime ITS. The simulation shows that with this soft handover, network throughput has been improved significantly.
{"title":"A Novel way for Handover in Maritime WiMAX Mesh Network","authors":"V. Hoang, M. Ma, R. Miura, M. Fujise","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295918","url":null,"abstract":"Mesh WiMAX is a very good candidate for Maritime Intelligent Transport System (ITS) characterized by the long distance and multiple hops communication. In Maritime ITS, handover would be an important issue affecting the performance of the whole network. Current mobile WiMAX does not support multi-hops handover. This paper presents a novel multi-hops, soft handover solution for Mesh WiMAX network in Maritime ITS. The simulation shows that with this soft handover, network throughput has been improved significantly.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128027521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295909
H. Menouar, M. Lenardi, F. Filali
Wireless vehicular communications are attracting more and more interests for applied research in industries. Most of the efforts are spent in deploying Vehicular Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) for applications such as active safety and Internet services. This paper addresses routing problem in VANETs for applications related to comfort and infotainment for users where an unicast routing protocol optimized for fast topology changes is needed. In previous research work, we have proposed a new movement prediction-based routing concept for VANETs called MOPR which we have already applied to the reactive routing protocol AODV in order to improve its performances by exploiting vehicules movements patterns. In this work, we first propose a new design of this concept, then we apply it to the OLSR routing protocol by optimizing the procedure of selecting the MPR (Multipoint Relay) sets as well as that of determining the optimal path from each pair of vehicles. Basically, the connected MPR graph is composed of the most stable wireless links in the VANETs. We conduct several simulation scenarios to investigate the performance of the modified OLSR (OLSR-MOPR) by studying several metrics including the end-to-end average delay, the routing overhead, the packet delivery ratio, and the routing overhead ratio. The simulation results of the modified OLSR for various VANETs scenarios show great improvements comparing to the basic OLSR.
{"title":"Improving Proactive Routing in VANETs with the MOPR Movement Prediction Framework","authors":"H. Menouar, M. Lenardi, F. Filali","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295909","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless vehicular communications are attracting more and more interests for applied research in industries. Most of the efforts are spent in deploying Vehicular Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) for applications such as active safety and Internet services. This paper addresses routing problem in VANETs for applications related to comfort and infotainment for users where an unicast routing protocol optimized for fast topology changes is needed. In previous research work, we have proposed a new movement prediction-based routing concept for VANETs called MOPR which we have already applied to the reactive routing protocol AODV in order to improve its performances by exploiting vehicules movements patterns. In this work, we first propose a new design of this concept, then we apply it to the OLSR routing protocol by optimizing the procedure of selecting the MPR (Multipoint Relay) sets as well as that of determining the optimal path from each pair of vehicles. Basically, the connected MPR graph is composed of the most stable wireless links in the VANETs. We conduct several simulation scenarios to investigate the performance of the modified OLSR (OLSR-MOPR) by studying several metrics including the end-to-end average delay, the routing overhead, the packet delivery ratio, and the routing overhead ratio. The simulation results of the modified OLSR for various VANETs scenarios show great improvements comparing to the basic OLSR.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121251331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295916
C. Shi, Mingming Zhang, Jing Peng
Autonomous ship navigation technology is a promising approach to reduce human errors in maritime accidents. Artificial Potential Field method has been successfully employed for path planning of autonomous mobile robot and it can also be effective for ship navigation at sea. The problem of local minima, however, should be properly tackled. Harmonic functions, by virtue of their extrema appearing only on the domain boundary, are novel approach for autonomous ship navigation. In this paper, harmonic functions are used in defining the potential field. A fluid dynamic analogy is introduced and proper boundary conditions are chosen to solve the navigation planning problem for ships. With harmonic potential field, ship navigation route can be generated automatically in constrained water areas and the tracks of the ships can follow the navigational regulations for the specific region as well. Computer simulations are conducted for two typical water areas such as Traffic Separation Scheme and narrow channel. The simulations illustrate satisfied results for path planning of ship navigation.
{"title":"Harmonic Potential Field Method for Autonomous Ship Navigation","authors":"C. Shi, Mingming Zhang, Jing Peng","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295916","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous ship navigation technology is a promising approach to reduce human errors in maritime accidents. Artificial Potential Field method has been successfully employed for path planning of autonomous mobile robot and it can also be effective for ship navigation at sea. The problem of local minima, however, should be properly tackled. Harmonic functions, by virtue of their extrema appearing only on the domain boundary, are novel approach for autonomous ship navigation. In this paper, harmonic functions are used in defining the potential field. A fluid dynamic analogy is introduced and proper boundary conditions are chosen to solve the navigation planning problem for ships. With harmonic potential field, ship navigation route can be generated automatically in constrained water areas and the tracks of the ships can follow the navigational regulations for the specific region as well. Computer simulations are conducted for two typical water areas such as Traffic Separation Scheme and narrow channel. The simulations illustrate satisfied results for path planning of ship navigation.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115869683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295869
S. Kubota, Y. Okamoto, H. Oda
To reduce the number of traffic accidents near intersections, the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) is carrying out research and development into a driving safety support system that has RFID technologies integrated into the ITS. We report on the security issues involved with the use of these technologies and how they can be solved.
{"title":"Study of Security of Driving Safety Support System using RFID","authors":"S. Kubota, Y. Okamoto, H. Oda","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295869","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the number of traffic accidents near intersections, the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) is carrying out research and development into a driving safety support system that has RFID technologies integrated into the ITS. We report on the security issues involved with the use of these technologies and how they can be solved.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123137195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-06DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2007.4295853
Wenjia Wang, Bo Liu, H. Mizuta
The paper introduces the research on statistical and live traffic information aggregated navigation experiment in Beijing. Around 7000 taxies running on roads send GPS data to the traffic information center to produce live traffic data, and the center accumulates the probe data for months. By analyzing historical probe data, statistical database is generated, and in-vehicle navigation system can search route based on live traffic data downloaded through CDMA network and the statistical database produced offline. The field test is carried out in January 2007 in Beijing.
{"title":"Statistical Data Enabled Navigation System Experiment in Beijing","authors":"Wenjia Wang, Bo Liu, H. Mizuta","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2007.4295853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2007.4295853","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces the research on statistical and live traffic information aggregated navigation experiment in Beijing. Around 7000 taxies running on roads send GPS data to the traffic information center to produce live traffic data, and the center accumulates the probe data for months. By analyzing historical probe data, statistical database is generated, and in-vehicle navigation system can search route based on live traffic data downloaded through CDMA network and the statistical database produced offline. The field test is carried out in January 2007 in Beijing.","PeriodicalId":106396,"journal":{"name":"2007 7th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121801264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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