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Non-Gaussian feature of the output field from a double qubit-cavity ultrastrong coupling system 双量子比特腔超强耦合系统输出场的非高斯特征
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad393f
Sheng-wen Xu, Shi-yu Dai and Teng Zhao
We investigate the non-Gaussian feature of radiation in a circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) system where two qubits are strongly coupled to a single-mode cavity. In the regime of ultrastrong coupling (USC), the rotating-wave approximation is not valid, and the Rabi Hamiltonian contains counter-rotating wave terms, leading to level crossing and avoided crossings in the energy spectrum. We further analyze the intensity-amplitude correlation of the output field in these two novel scenarios. In the USC regime, the creation and annihilation operators in the correlation function are replaced, allowing for the identification of non-Gaussian features in the output field. Our findings reveal that despite the absence of squeezing effects in the output light, significant non-Gaussian characteristics are present. Additionally, we demonstrate that as the driving or coupling strength increases, the non-Gaussian features of the output field become more pronounced. This suggests that USC systems hold broad potential applications in the realms of nonlinear optics and the generation of non-Gaussian states.
我们研究了两个量子比特强耦合到单模腔的电路量子电动力学(QED)系统中辐射的非高斯特征。在超强耦合(USC)体系中,旋转波近似是无效的,拉比哈密顿含有反旋转波项,从而导致能谱中的电平交叉和避免交叉。我们进一步分析了这两种新情况下输出场的强度-振幅相关性。在 USC 系统中,相关函数中的创生和湮灭算子被替换,从而可以识别输出场中的非高斯特征。我们的研究结果表明,尽管输出光中不存在挤压效应,但仍存在显著的非高斯特征。此外,我们还证明,随着驱动或耦合强度的增加,输出场的非高斯特征会变得更加明显。这表明,USC 系统在非线性光学和非高斯状态的产生领域具有广泛的应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Probing the Bardeen–Kiselev black hole with the cosmological constant caused by Einstein equations coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics using quasinormal modes and greybody bounds 利用准正常模式和灰体边界探测由爱因斯坦方程与非线性电动力学耦合引起的具有宇宙常数的巴丁-基谢廖夫黑洞
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-12 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3cc6
S R Wu, B Q Wang and Z W Long
In this work, we investigate a static and spherically symmetric Bardeen–Kiselev black hole (BH) with the cosmological constant, which is a solution of the Einstein-non-linear Maxwell field equations. We compute the quasinormal frequencies for the Bardeen–Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant due to electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations. By varying the BH parameters, we discuss the behavior of both real and imaginary parts of the BH quasinormal frequencies and compare these frequencies with the Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter BH surrounded by quintessence (RN-dSQ). Interestingly, it is shown that the responses of the Bardeen–Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant and the RN-dSQ under electromagnetic perturbations are different when the charge parameter q, the state parameter w and the normalization factor c are varied; however, for the gravitational perturbations, the responses of the Bardeen–Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant and the RN-dSQ are different only when the charge parameter q is varied. Therefore, compared with the gravitational perturbations, the electromagnetic perturbations can be used to understand nonlinear and linear electromagnetic fields in curved spacetime separately. Another interesting observation is that, due to the presence of Kiselev quintessence, the electromagnetic perturbations around the Bardeen–Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant damps faster and oscillates slowly; for the gravitational perturbations, the quasinormal mode decays slowly and oscillates slowly. We also study the reflection and transmission coefficients along with the absorption cross section in the Bardeen–Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant; it is shown that the transmission coefficients will increase due to the presence of Kiselev quintessence.
在这项工作中,我们研究了具有宇宙常数的静态球面对称巴丁-基塞廖夫黑洞(BH),它是爱因斯坦非线性麦克斯韦场方程的一个解。我们计算了具有宇宙常数的巴丁-基塞廖夫黑洞在电磁和引力扰动下的准正态频率。通过改变 BH 参数,我们讨论了 BH 准正常频率的实部和虚部的行为,并将这些频率与被引力包围的 Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter BH(RN-dSQ)进行了比较。有趣的是,当电荷参数 q、状态参数 w 和归一化系数 c 变化时,具有宇宙常数的巴丁-基塞廖夫 BH 和 RN-dSQ 在电磁扰动下的响应是不同的;然而,对于引力扰动,只有当电荷参数 q 变化时,具有宇宙常数的巴丁-基塞廖夫 BH 和 RN-dSQ 的响应才是不同的。因此,与引力扰动相比,电磁扰动可以用来分别理解弯曲时空中的非线性和线性电磁场。另一个有趣的现象是,由于基谢廖夫五元性的存在,具有宇宙学常数的巴丁-基谢廖夫 BH 周围的电磁扰动衰减较快,振荡较慢;而对于引力扰动,准常模衰减较慢,振荡也较慢。我们还研究了具有宇宙常数的巴丁-基塞廖夫 BH 的反射系数、透射系数和吸收截面;结果表明,透射系数会因基塞廖夫精华的存在而增大。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple scales method for analyzing a forced damped rotational pendulum oscillator with gallows 分析带绞龙的受迫阻尼旋转摆振荡器的多尺度方法
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3192
Haifa A Alyousef, Alvaro H Salas, B M Alotaibi and S A El-Tantawy
This study reports the analytical solution for a generalized rotational pendulum system with gallows and periodic excited forces. The multiple scales method (MSM) is applied to solve the proposed problem. Several types of rotational pendulum oscillators are studied and talked about in detail. These include the forced damped rotating pendulum oscillator with gallows, the damped standard simple pendulum oscillator, and the damped rotating pendulum oscillator without gallows. The MSM first-order approximations for all the cases mentioned are derived in detail. The obtained results are illustrated with concrete numerical examples. The first-order MSM approximations are compared to the fourth-order Runge–Kutta (RK4) numerical approximations. Additionally, the maximum error is estimated for the first-order approximations obtained through the MSM, compared to the numerical approximations obtained by the RK4 method. Furthermore, we conducted a comparative analysis of the outcomes obtained by the used method (MSM) and He-MSM to ascertain their respective levels of precision. The proposed method can be applied to analyze many strong nonlinear oscillatory equations.
本研究报告了带有绞架和周期性激振力的广义旋转摆系统的解析解。多尺度法(MSM)被用于解决所提出的问题。研究详细讨论了几种类型的旋转摆振荡器。其中包括带绞龙的强制阻尼旋转摆振荡器、阻尼标准单摆振荡器和无绞龙的阻尼旋转摆振荡器。详细推导了所有上述情况的 MSM 一阶近似值。并用具体的数值示例说明了所得结果。一阶 MSM 近似值与四阶 Runge-Kutta (RK4) 数值近似值进行了比较。此外,与 RK4 方法获得的数值近似值相比,我们估算了通过 MSM 获得的一阶近似值的最大误差。此外,我们还对使用的方法(MSM)和 He-MSM 得出的结果进行了比较分析,以确定它们各自的精度水平。所提出的方法可用于分析许多强非线性振荡方程。
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引用次数: 0
Supermassive black holes triggered by QCD axion bubbles QCD轴突气泡引发的超大质量黑洞
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3958
Hai-Jun Li, Ying-Quan Peng, Wei Chao and Yu-Feng Zhou
Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are ubiquitous in the center of galaxies, although the origin of their massive seeds is still unknown. In this paper, we investigate the formation of SMBHs from the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) axion bubbles. In this case, primordial black holes (PBHs) are considered as the seeds of SMBHs, which are generated from the QCD axion bubbles due to an explicit Peccei–Quinn (PQ) symmetry breaking after inflation. The QCD axion bubbles are formed when the QCD axion starts to oscillate during the QCD phase transition. We consider a general case in which the axion bubbles are formed with the bubble effective angle θeff ∈ (0, π], leading to the minimum PBH mass for the axion decay constant . The PBHs at this mass region may account for the seeds of SMBHs.
超大质量黑洞(SMBHs)在星系中心无处不在,但其巨大种子的起源仍然未知。在本文中,我们研究了量子色动力学(QCD)轴泡中超大质量黑洞的形成。在这种情况下,原始黑洞(PBHs)被认为是 SMBHs 的种子,而 SMBHs 是在暴胀之后由于明确的佩奇-奎因(PQ)对称性破缺而从 QCD 轴突气泡中产生的。QCD 轴子气泡是在 QCD 相变过程中 QCD 轴子开始振荡时形成的。我们考虑了一种一般情况,即轴向气泡形成时的气泡有效角θeff∈(0,π],导致轴向衰变常数的最小PBH质量。这个质量区域的PBH可能是SMBH的种子。
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引用次数: 0
Asymmetric nucleation processes in spontaneous mode switch of active matter 活性物质自发模式转换中的不对称成核过程
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3426
Bing Yang, 冰 杨, Yanting Wang and 延颋 王
Flocking and vortical are two typical motion modes in active matter. Although it is known that the two modes can spontaneously switch between each other in a finite-size system, the switching dynamics remain elusive. In this work, by computer simulation of a two-dimensional Vicsek-like system with 1000 particles, we find from the perspective of the classical nucleation theory that the forward and backward switching dynamics are asymmetric: going from flocking to vortical is a one-step nucleation process, while the opposite is a two-step nucleation process, with the system staying in a metastable state before reaching the final flocking state.
成群运动和涡旋运动是活性物质的两种典型运动模式。虽然已知这两种运动模式可以在有限大小的系统中自发地相互切换,但切换动力学仍然难以捉摸。在这项工作中,我们通过计算机模拟了一个有 1000 个粒子的二维类维克塞克系统,从经典成核理论的角度发现,前后切换动力学是不对称的:从成群到涡旋是一个一步成核过程,而相反则是一个两步成核过程,系统在达到最终的成群状态之前会停留在一个稳定状态。
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引用次数: 0
Compensation temperatures and hysteresis behaviors of a graphene-like trilayer 类石墨烯三层膜的补偿温度和滞后行为
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3220
Ying An, Ji Liang, Wei Wang, Mei-mei Du and Feng-ge Zhang
This work focuses on the ground-state phase diagram, the compensation temperatures and the critical behaviors of a ferrimagnetic graphene-like trilayer induced by crystal fields and exchange couplings. The simulation results show that a negative decrease in crystal field or an increase in exchange coupling can increase the critical temperature. More importantly, an M curve with double compensation temperatures can be observed, which is not predicted by the theory. This remarkable compensation phenomenon has potential application value in the field of magnetic recording.
这项研究的重点是铁磁性类石墨烯三层材料在晶体场和交换耦合作用下的基态相图、补偿温度和临界行为。模拟结果表明,晶体场的负向减小或交换耦合的增加会提高临界温度。更重要的是,可以观察到具有双重补偿温度的 M 曲线,这是理论所无法预测的。这一显著的补偿现象在磁记录领域具有潜在的应用价值。
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引用次数: 0
Single-particle spectroscopies of p-wave and d-wave interacting Bose gases in normal phase 正相中 p 波和 d 波相互作用玻色气体的单粒子光谱学
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3543
Zeqing Wang, Ran Qi
Motivated by experiments with interacting quantum gases across high partial wave resonance, we investigate the thermodynamic properties and single-particle spectra of Bose gases in normal phase for different interaction strengths for both p- and d-wave interactions. The equation of state, contact density, momentum distributions and self-energies of single-particle Green’s functions are obtained in the spirit of ladder diagram approximations. The radio-frequency (RF) spectrum, as an important experimental approach for detecting Feshbach molecules or the interaction effect, is calculated at different temperatures. A reversed temperature dependence on the Bose–Einstein condensation side and Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer side is identified for both p- and d-wave interactions. An estimate for the signal of RF spectra under typical experimental conditions is also provided.
受跨越高偏波共振的相互作用量子气体实验的启发,我们研究了正相玻色气体在不同相互作用强度下的 p 波和 d 波相互作用的热力学性质和单粒子光谱。根据梯形图近似的精神,我们得到了单粒子格林函数的状态方程、接触密度、动量分布和自能。射频(RF)光谱是探测费什巴赫分子或相互作用效应的一种重要实验方法,它在不同温度下都有计算。对于 p 波和 d 波的相互作用,确定了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚侧和巴丁-库珀-施里弗侧的反向温度依赖性。此外,还提供了典型实验条件下射频光谱信号的估计值。
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引用次数: 0
Learning topological defects formation with neural networks in a quantum phase transition 用神经网络学习量子相变中拓扑缺陷的形成
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3227
Han-Qing Shi, Hai-Qing Zhang
Neural networks possess formidable representational power, rendering them invaluable in solving complex quantum many-body systems. While they excel at analyzing static solutions, nonequilibrium processes, including critical dynamics during a quantum phase transition, pose a greater challenge for neural networks. To address this, we utilize neural networks and machine learning algorithms to investigate time evolutions, universal statistics, and correlations of topological defects in a one-dimensional transverse-field quantum Ising model. Specifically, our analysis involves computing the energy of the system during a quantum phase transition following a linear quench of the transverse magnetic field strength. The excitation energies satisfy a power-law relation to the quench rate, indicating a proportional relationship between the excitation energy and the kink numbers. Moreover, we establish a universal power-law relationship between the first three cumulants of the kink numbers and the quench rate, indicating a binomial distribution of the kinks. Finally, the normalized kink-kink correlations are also investigated and it is found that the numerical values are consistent with the analytic formula.
神经网络具有强大的表征能力,因此在求解复杂的量子多体系统时非常有用。虽然神经网络擅长分析静态解,但非平衡过程,包括量子相变过程中的临界动力学,对神经网络提出了更大的挑战。为了解决这个问题,我们利用神经网络和机器学习算法来研究一维横向场量子伊辛模型中拓扑缺陷的时间演化、通用统计和相关性。具体来说,我们的分析涉及计算横向磁场强度线性淬火后量子相变过程中系统的能量。激发能量与淬火速率之间存在幂律关系,表明激发能量与扭结数之间存在比例关系。此外,我们还在扭结数的前三个累积数与淬火速率之间建立了普遍的幂律关系,表明扭结数呈二项分布。最后,我们还研究了归一化的扭结-扭结相关性,发现数值与解析公式一致。
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引用次数: 0
Nonclassical correlations in two-dimensional graphene lattices 二维石墨烯晶格中的非经典相关性
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad2d51
Hao Wang
We investigate nonclassical correlations via negativity, local quantum uncertainty (LQU) and local quantum Fisher information (LQFI) for two-dimensional graphene lattices. The explicitly analytical expressions for negativity, LQU and LQFI are given. The close forms of LQU and LQFI confirm the inequality between the quantum Fisher information and skew information, where the LQFI is always greater than or equal to the LQU, and both show very similar behavior with different amplitudes. Moreover, the effects of the different system parameters on the quantified quantum correlation are analyzed. The LQFI reveals more nonclassical correlations than LQU in a two-dimensional graphene lattice system.
我们通过二维石墨烯晶格的消极性、局域量子不确定性(LQU)和局域量子费雪信息(LQFI)研究了非经典相关性。给出了消极性、LQU 和 LQFI 的明确分析表达式。LQU 和 LQFI 的近似形式证实了量子费雪信息和偏斜信息之间的不等式,其中 LQFI 总是大于或等于 LQU,并且两者在不同振幅下表现出非常相似的行为。此外,还分析了不同系统参数对量化量子相关性的影响。在二维石墨烯晶格系统中,LQFI 比 LQU 揭示了更多的非经典相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Doped holographic superconductors in the Gubser–Rocha model 古布瑟-罗恰模型中的掺杂全息超导体
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad30f5
Ziyi Zhao, Wenhe Cai, Shuta Ishigaki
We construct a doped holographic superconductor in the Gubser–Rocha model, and realize a superconducting dome in the middle of the temperature-doping phase diagram. It is worth noting that unlike in previous research, the profile of our dome shrinks inward near to zero temperature. From the numerical observation for the coupling dependence of the phase diagram, we find that the coupling between the two gauge fields plays a crucial role in the formation of the dome. We also analytically calculate the DC conductivity of the normal phase of the system in the momentum dissipation and obtain resistivity which is proportional to the temperature. The AC conductivity is calculated numerically.
我们在古伯瑟-罗恰模型中构建了一个掺杂全息超导体,并在温度-掺杂相图的中间位置实现了一个超导圆顶。值得注意的是,与以往的研究不同,我们的圆顶轮廓在接近零温时会向内收缩。通过对相图耦合依赖性的数值观察,我们发现两个量规场之间的耦合在穹顶的形成过程中起着至关重要的作用。我们还分析计算了动量耗散中系统法相的直流电导,并得到了与温度成正比的电阻率。交流电导率是通过数值计算得到的。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Communications in Theoretical Physics
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