Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad531b
Jianyong Wang and Yuanhua Chai
By applying the mastersymmetry of degree one to the time-independent symmetry K1, the fifth-order asymmetric Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov system is derived. The variable separation solution is obtained by using the truncated Painlevé expansion with a special seed solution. New patterns of localized excitations, such as dromioff, instanton moving on a curved line, and tempo-spatial breather, are constructed. Additionally, fission or fusion solitary wave solutions are presented, graphically illustrated by several interesting examples.
{"title":"New patterns of localized excitations in (2+1)-dimensions: The fifth-order asymmetric Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov equation","authors":"Jianyong Wang and Yuanhua Chai","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad531b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad531b","url":null,"abstract":"By applying the mastersymmetry of degree one to the time-independent symmetry K1, the fifth-order asymmetric Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov system is derived. The variable separation solution is obtained by using the truncated Painlevé expansion with a special seed solution. New patterns of localized excitations, such as dromioff, instanton moving on a curved line, and tempo-spatial breather, are constructed. Additionally, fission or fusion solitary wave solutions are presented, graphically illustrated by several interesting examples.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-03DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad4c55
Ahmad Al-Badawi, Sanjar Shaymatov, Mirzabek Alloqulov and Anzhong Wang
We investigate the impact of the modified gravity (MOG) field and the quintessence scalar field on horizon evolution, black hole (BH) shadow and the weak gravitational lensing around a static spherically symmetric BH. We first begin to write the BH metric associated with the MOG parameter and quintessence scalar field. We then determine the BH shadow and obtain numerical solutions for the photon sphere and shadow radius. We show that the MOG (α) and the quintessence (c) parameters have a significant impact on the BH shadow and photon sphere. Based on the analysis, we further show that the combined effects of the MOG parameter and quintessence field can increase the values of BH shadow and photon sphere radii. We also obtain constraints on the BH parameters by applying the observational data of Sgr A⋆ and M87⋆. Finally, we consider the weak deflection angle of BH within the context of the Gauss–Bonnet theorem (GBT) and show that the combined effects of the MOG and quintessence parameters do make the value of the deflection angle increase, and find this remarkable property is in good agreement with the physical meaning of both parameters that can maintain the strong gravitational field in the surrounding environment of a BH.
{"title":"A regular MOG black hole’s impact on shadows and gravitational weak lensing in the presence of a quintessence field","authors":"Ahmad Al-Badawi, Sanjar Shaymatov, Mirzabek Alloqulov and Anzhong Wang","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad4c55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad4c55","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the impact of the modified gravity (MOG) field and the quintessence scalar field on horizon evolution, black hole (BH) shadow and the weak gravitational lensing around a static spherically symmetric BH. We first begin to write the BH metric associated with the MOG parameter and quintessence scalar field. We then determine the BH shadow and obtain numerical solutions for the photon sphere and shadow radius. We show that the MOG (α) and the quintessence (c) parameters have a significant impact on the BH shadow and photon sphere. Based on the analysis, we further show that the combined effects of the MOG parameter and quintessence field can increase the values of BH shadow and photon sphere radii. We also obtain constraints on the BH parameters by applying the observational data of Sgr A⋆ and M87⋆. Finally, we consider the weak deflection angle of BH within the context of the Gauss–Bonnet theorem (GBT) and show that the combined effects of the MOG and quintessence parameters do make the value of the deflection angle increase, and find this remarkable property is in good agreement with the physical meaning of both parameters that can maintain the strong gravitational field in the surrounding environment of a BH.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-03DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fb
Xian Shi
Higher dimensional entangled states demonstrate significant advantages in quantum information processing tasks. The Schmidt number is a quantity of the entanglement dimension of a bipartite state. Here we build families of k-positive maps from the symmetric information complete positive operator-valued measurements and mutually unbiased bases, and we also present the Schmidt number witnesses, correspondingly. At last, based on the witnesses obtained from mutually unbiased bases, we show the distance between a bipartite state and the set of states with a Schmidt number less than k.
高维纠缠态在量子信息处理任务中表现出显著优势。施密特数是一个双方态纠缠维度的量。在这里，我们从对称信息完整的正算子值测量和互不偏倚基建立了 k 正映射族，并相应地提出了施密特数见证。最后，我们根据从互不偏倚基础中得到的证明，展示了一个双方态与施密特数小于 k 的态集之间的距离。
{"title":"Families of Schmidt-number witnesses for high dimensional quantum states","authors":"Xian Shi","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fb","url":null,"abstract":"Higher dimensional entangled states demonstrate significant advantages in quantum information processing tasks. The Schmidt number is a quantity of the entanglement dimension of a bipartite state. Here we build families of k-positive maps from the symmetric information complete positive operator-valued measurements and mutually unbiased bases, and we also present the Schmidt number witnesses, correspondingly. At last, based on the witnesses obtained from mutually unbiased bases, we show the distance between a bipartite state and the set of states with a Schmidt number less than k.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-03DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad4bba
Sujuan Qiu, Hoernisa Iminniyaz and Wensheng Huo
We study the relic density of asymmetric dark matter with long-range interactions by considering the Sommerfeld effect. We find that the annihilation cross section of asymmetric dark matter is enhanced by the Sommerfeld effect and thus the relic density is decreased. Then we use the Planck data to constrain the asymmetry factor, coupling, and to derive the upper bounds on the dark matter mass in s-wave and p-wave annihilation cases.
{"title":"Asymmetric dark matter and Sommerfeld enhancement","authors":"Sujuan Qiu, Hoernisa Iminniyaz and Wensheng Huo","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad4bba","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad4bba","url":null,"abstract":"We study the relic density of asymmetric dark matter with long-range interactions by considering the Sommerfeld effect. We find that the annihilation cross section of asymmetric dark matter is enhanced by the Sommerfeld effect and thus the relic density is decreased. Then we use the Planck data to constrain the asymmetry factor, coupling, and to derive the upper bounds on the dark matter mass in s-wave and p-wave annihilation cases.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-19DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fe
Giuseppe Raguní
Effects of a Bohmian type quantum-relativistic theory are explored. The model is obtained by introducing a new and independent time parameter whose relative motions are not directly observable and cause quantum uncertainties of the physical observables. Unlike the usual de Broglie–Bohm theories, the Quantum Potential does not directly affect the observable motion, but determines the one that is relative to the new time variable. It turns out that the Zitterbewegung of a free particle, of which a more general law is obtained, is the key example of these hidden motions and, through it, it seems possible to give physical reality to the Feynman’s paths. A relativistic revision of the uncertainty principle is also derived from the theory.
{"title":"Consequences of a two-time relativistic Bohmian model","authors":"Giuseppe Raguní","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fe","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of a Bohmian type quantum-relativistic theory are explored. The model is obtained by introducing a new and independent time parameter whose relative motions are not directly observable and cause quantum uncertainties of the physical observables. Unlike the usual de Broglie–Bohm theories, the Quantum Potential does not directly affect the observable motion, but determines the one that is relative to the new time variable. It turns out that the Zitterbewegung of a free particle, of which a more general law is obtained, is the key example of these hidden motions and, through it, it seems possible to give physical reality to the Feynman’s paths. A relativistic revision of the uncertainty principle is also derived from the theory.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-19DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fa
Zhang Xin and Xu Wei
Recently, a dual relation T0(n + 1) = THP(n) between the minimum temperature (T0(n + 1)) black hole phase and the Hawking–Page transition (THP(n)) black hole phase in two successive dimensions was introduced by Wei et al (2020 Phys. Rev. D102 10411); this was reminiscent of the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence, as the Hawking–Page transition temperature could be treated as the temperature of the dual physical quantity on the boundary and the latter corresponds to that in the bulk. In this paper, we discuss the Hawking–Page transition and the dual relations in AdS black holes surrounded by dark energy in general dimensions. Our findings reveal the occurrence of the Hawking–Page transition between the thermal AdS radiation and thermodynamically stable large AdS black holes, in both the spacetime surrounded by phantom dark energy and the spacetime surrounded by quintessence dark energy. We discuss the effects of the phantom dark energy and quintessence dark energy on the Hawking–Page transition temperature. For the dual relation in particular, it works well for the case of an AdS black holes surrounded by phantom dark energy. For the case of an AdS black hole surrounded by quintessence dark energy, the dual relation should be modified under an open assumption that the state parameter and the density parameter of the quintessence dark energy depend on the dimensions of the spacetime.
{"title":"Hawking–Page transition and the dual relations of anti-de Sitter black holes surrounded by dark energy in general dimensions","authors":"Zhang Xin and Xu Wei","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad48fa","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a dual relation T0(n + 1) = THP(n) between the minimum temperature (T0(n + 1)) black hole phase and the Hawking–Page transition (THP(n)) black hole phase in two successive dimensions was introduced by Wei et al (2020 Phys. Rev. D102 10411); this was reminiscent of the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence, as the Hawking–Page transition temperature could be treated as the temperature of the dual physical quantity on the boundary and the latter corresponds to that in the bulk. In this paper, we discuss the Hawking–Page transition and the dual relations in AdS black holes surrounded by dark energy in general dimensions. Our findings reveal the occurrence of the Hawking–Page transition between the thermal AdS radiation and thermodynamically stable large AdS black holes, in both the spacetime surrounded by phantom dark energy and the spacetime surrounded by quintessence dark energy. We discuss the effects of the phantom dark energy and quintessence dark energy on the Hawking–Page transition temperature. For the dual relation in particular, it works well for the case of an AdS black holes surrounded by phantom dark energy. For the case of an AdS black hole surrounded by quintessence dark energy, the dual relation should be modified under an open assumption that the state parameter and the density parameter of the quintessence dark energy depend on the dimensions of the spacetime.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad4a38
Rui-Di Wang, Shu-Min Wu and Xiao-Li Huang
It is well known that nonlocal coherence reflects nonclassical correlations better than quantum entanglement. Here, we analyze nonlocal coherence harvesting from the quantum vacuum to particle detectors adiabatically interacting with a quantum scalar field in Minkowski spacetime. We find that the harvesting-achievable separation range of nonlocal coherence is larger than that of quantum entanglement. As the energy gap grows sufficiently large, the detectors harvest less quantum coherence, while the detectors could extract more quantum entanglement from the vacuum state. Compared with the linear configuration and the scalene configuration, we should choose the model of equilateral triangle configuration to harvest tripartite coherence from the vacuum. Finally, we find a monogamous relationship, which means that tripartite l1-norm of coherence is essentially bipartite types.
{"title":"Nonlocal coherence harvesting from quantum vacuum","authors":"Rui-Di Wang, Shu-Min Wu and Xiao-Li Huang","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad4a38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad4a38","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that nonlocal coherence reflects nonclassical correlations better than quantum entanglement. Here, we analyze nonlocal coherence harvesting from the quantum vacuum to particle detectors adiabatically interacting with a quantum scalar field in Minkowski spacetime. We find that the harvesting-achievable separation range of nonlocal coherence is larger than that of quantum entanglement. As the energy gap grows sufficiently large, the detectors harvest less quantum coherence, while the detectors could extract more quantum entanglement from the vacuum state. Compared with the linear configuration and the scalene configuration, we should choose the model of equilateral triangle configuration to harvest tripartite coherence from the vacuum. Finally, we find a monogamous relationship, which means that tripartite l1-norm of coherence is essentially bipartite types.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"2017 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141532536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad3f94
Dongni Chen, Jiahui Li, Stefano Chesi and Ying-Dan Wang
We consider generating maximally entangled states (Bell states) between two qubits coupled to a common bosonic mode, based on f-STIRAP. Utilizing the systematic approach developed by Wang et al (2017 New J. Phys.19 093016), we quantify the effects of non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation on the entanglement generation, and optimize the entanglement by balancing non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation. We find the analytical expressions of the optimal coupling profile, the operation time, and the maximal entanglement. Our findings have broad applications in quantum state engineering, especially in solid-state devices where dissipative effects cannot be neglected.
我们考虑基于 f-STIRAP 在耦合到共同玻色子模式的两个量子比特之间产生最大纠缠态（贝尔态）。利用 Wang 等人（2017 New J. Phys.19 093016）开发的系统方法，我们量化了非绝热泄漏和系统耗散对纠缠生成的影响，并通过平衡非绝热泄漏和系统耗散优化了纠缠。我们找到了最佳耦合曲线、运行时间和最大纠缠的解析表达式。我们的发现在量子态工程中有着广泛的应用，尤其是在耗散效应不可忽视的固态设备中。
{"title":"Optimized generation of entanglement based on the f-STIRAP technique","authors":"Dongni Chen, Jiahui Li, Stefano Chesi and Ying-Dan Wang","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad3f94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad3f94","url":null,"abstract":"We consider generating maximally entangled states (Bell states) between two qubits coupled to a common bosonic mode, based on f-STIRAP. Utilizing the systematic approach developed by Wang et al (2017 New J. Phys.19 093016), we quantify the effects of non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation on the entanglement generation, and optimize the entanglement by balancing non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation. We find the analytical expressions of the optimal coupling profile, the operation time, and the maximal entanglement. Our findings have broad applications in quantum state engineering, especially in solid-state devices where dissipative effects cannot be neglected.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad426e
Yan-Hong Yao and Xin-He Meng
The Hubble tension persists as a challenge in cosmology. Even early dark energy (EDE) models, initially considered the most promising for alleviating the Hubble tension, fall short of addressing the issue without exacerbating other tensions, such as the S8 tension. Considering that a negative dark matter (DM) equation of state (EoS) parameter is conducive to reduce the value of the σ8 parameter, we extend the axion-like EDE model in this paper by replacing the cold dark matter (CDM) with DM characterized by a constant EoS wdm (referred to as WDM hereafter). We then impose constraints on this axion-like EDE extension model, along with three other models: the axion-like EDE model, ΛWDM, and ΛCDM. These constraints are derived from a comprehensive analysis incorporating data from the Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillations, and the Pantheon compilation, as well as a prior on H0 (i.e. H0 = 73.04 ± 1.04, based on the latest local measurement by Riess et al) and a Gaussianized prior on S8 (i.e. S8 = 0.766 ± 0.017, determined through the joint analysis of KID1000+BOSS+2dLenS). We find that although the new model maintains the ability to alleviate the Hubble tension to ∼1.4σ, it still exacerbates the S8 tension to a level similar to that of the axion-like EDE model.
{"title":"Restoring cosmological concordance with axion-like early dark energy and dark matter characterized by a constant equation of state?","authors":"Yan-Hong Yao and Xin-He Meng","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad426e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad426e","url":null,"abstract":"The Hubble tension persists as a challenge in cosmology. Even early dark energy (EDE) models, initially considered the most promising for alleviating the Hubble tension, fall short of addressing the issue without exacerbating other tensions, such as the S8 tension. Considering that a negative dark matter (DM) equation of state (EoS) parameter is conducive to reduce the value of the σ8 parameter, we extend the axion-like EDE model in this paper by replacing the cold dark matter (CDM) with DM characterized by a constant EoS wdm (referred to as WDM hereafter). We then impose constraints on this axion-like EDE extension model, along with three other models: the axion-like EDE model, ΛWDM, and ΛCDM. These constraints are derived from a comprehensive analysis incorporating data from the Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillations, and the Pantheon compilation, as well as a prior on H0 (i.e. H0 = 73.04 ± 1.04, based on the latest local measurement by Riess et al) and a Gaussianized prior on S8 (i.e. S8 = 0.766 ± 0.017, determined through the joint analysis of KID1000+BOSS+2dLenS). We find that although the new model maintains the ability to alleviate the Hubble tension to ∼1.4σ, it still exacerbates the S8 tension to a level similar to that of the axion-like EDE model.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.1088/1572-9494/ad453a
Hong Li and Xinjian Yang
Using the modified Blonder–Tinkham–Klapwijk (BTK) theory, the interplay between the lifetime of quasi particles and the magnetic gap in a topological insulator-based ferromagnet/f-wave superconductor (TI-based FM/f–wave SC) tunnel structure is theoretically studied. Two symmetries of f1 and f2 waves are considered for superconducting pairing states. The results indicate that reducing the finite quasi-particle lifetime will induce a transformation of energy-gap peaks into a zero-bias peak in tunneling conductance spectrum, as well as a transformation of energy-gap dips into a zero-bias dip in shot noise spectrum, ultimately resulting in the smoothing of the zero-bias conductance peak and the zero-bias shot noise dip. An increase in magnetic gap will suppress the tunnel conductance and shot noise when the conventional Andreev retro-reflection dominates, but will enhance them when the specular Andreev reflection is dominant. Both specular Andreev reflection and conventional Andreev retro-reflection will be enhanced as the quasi-particle lifetime increases. When Fermi energy equals the magnetic gap, shot noise and tunneling conductance vanish across all energy ranges. These findings not only contribute to a better understanding of specular Andreev reflection in the FM/f–wave SC junction based on TIs but also provide insights for experimentally determining the f-wave pairing symmetry.
利用修正的布隆德-廷卡姆-克拉普韦克（BTK）理论，对基于拓扑绝缘体的铁磁体/f 波超导体（基于 TI 的 FM/f 波 SC）隧道结构中准粒子寿命与磁隙之间的相互作用进行了理论研究。超导配对态考虑了 f1 波和 f2 波的两种对称性。结果表明，减少有限准粒子寿命将导致能隙峰值转变为隧道电导谱中的零偏置峰值，以及能隙骤降转变为射电噪声谱中的零偏置骤降，最终导致零偏置电导峰值和零偏置射电噪声骤降变得平滑。当传统的安德烈耶夫逆反射占主导地位时，磁隙的增加会抑制隧道电导和击穿噪声，但当镜面安德烈耶夫反射占主导地位时，磁隙的增加会增强隧道电导和击穿噪声。随着准粒子寿命的增加，镜面安德列夫反射和传统安德列夫逆向反射都会增强。当费米能等于磁隙时，射出噪声和隧穿电导在所有能量范围内都会消失。这些发现不仅有助于更好地理解基于 TI 的调频/f 波 SC 结中的镜面安德列夫反射，而且为实验确定 f 波配对对称性提供了启示。
{"title":"Interplay between magnetic gap and quasi-particle lifetime in topological insulator ferromagnet/f-wave superconductor junctions","authors":"Hong Li and Xinjian Yang","doi":"10.1088/1572-9494/ad453a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad453a","url":null,"abstract":"Using the modified Blonder–Tinkham–Klapwijk (BTK) theory, the interplay between the lifetime of quasi particles and the magnetic gap in a topological insulator-based ferromagnet/f-wave superconductor (TI-based FM/f–wave SC) tunnel structure is theoretically studied. Two symmetries of f1 and f2 waves are considered for superconducting pairing states. The results indicate that reducing the finite quasi-particle lifetime will induce a transformation of energy-gap peaks into a zero-bias peak in tunneling conductance spectrum, as well as a transformation of energy-gap dips into a zero-bias dip in shot noise spectrum, ultimately resulting in the smoothing of the zero-bias conductance peak and the zero-bias shot noise dip. An increase in magnetic gap will suppress the tunnel conductance and shot noise when the conventional Andreev retro-reflection dominates, but will enhance them when the specular Andreev reflection is dominant. Both specular Andreev reflection and conventional Andreev retro-reflection will be enhanced as the quasi-particle lifetime increases. When Fermi energy equals the magnetic gap, shot noise and tunneling conductance vanish across all energy ranges. These findings not only contribute to a better understanding of specular Andreev reflection in the FM/f–wave SC junction based on TIs but also provide insights for experimentally determining the f-wave pairing symmetry.","PeriodicalId":10641,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Theoretical Physics","volume":"352 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141514743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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