The study investigated the mediating role of customer satisfaction and loyalty on the effect of perceived service quality on perceived job performance. Based on a sample size of 571, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Harare, Zimbabwe. Hypothesised relationships were tested using structural equation modelling. Results show that perceived service quality positively influences perceived job performance, customer satisfaction and loyalty. The influence of perceived service quality on perceived job performance was found to be partially mediated by both customer satisfaction and loyalty. Results have theoretical and managerial implications.
{"title":"DO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY MEDIATE THE EFFECT OF GRADUATE’S PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY ON GRADUATE’S PERCEIVED JOB PERFORMANCE?","authors":"L. Chikazhe, Charles Makanyeza","doi":"10.14426/jei.v3i1.1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v3i1.1231","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the mediating role of customer satisfaction and loyalty on the effect of perceived service quality on perceived job performance. Based on a sample size of 571, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Harare, Zimbabwe. Hypothesised relationships were tested using structural equation modelling. Results show that perceived service quality positively influences perceived job performance, customer satisfaction and loyalty. The influence of perceived service quality on perceived job performance was found to be partially mediated by both customer satisfaction and loyalty. Results have theoretical and managerial implications.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129386402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study is to empirically examine African academics' entrepreneurial resources and engagement using a leading Nigerian university in order to evaluate the speculation that African academics lack entrepreneurial capabilities to engage in knowledge discovery and commercialisation, as well as to develop an understanding of the entrepreneurship gap in African universities. A cross-sectional survey and validated scales were used to collect data from 298 randomly selected academics from the university's 79 departments and 12 faculties. Descriptive and inferential analyses using mean scores and standard deviations of academics on the study variables, as well as regression analysis, were conducted to test the hypotheses. Contrary to expectations, academics have the necessary entrepreneurial resources to engage in entrepreneurial activities, but as speculated, the level of their entrepreneurial engagement is low. The study adds to the body of knowledge on academic entrepreneurship and makes recommendations to improve African academic entrepreneurial engagement. The limitations of the study and future research directions were discussed.
{"title":"ENTREPRENEURIAL RESOURCES AND ENGAGEMENT OF AFRICAN ACADEMICS: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA","authors":"O. Odetunde","doi":"10.14426/jei.v3i1.1232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v3i1.1232","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to empirically examine African academics' entrepreneurial resources and engagement using a leading Nigerian university in order to evaluate the speculation that African academics lack entrepreneurial capabilities to engage in knowledge discovery and commercialisation, as well as to develop an understanding of the entrepreneurship gap in African universities. A cross-sectional survey and validated scales were used to collect data from 298 randomly selected academics from the university's 79 departments and 12 faculties. Descriptive and inferential analyses using mean scores and standard deviations of academics on the study variables, as well as regression analysis, were conducted to test the hypotheses. Contrary to expectations, academics have the necessary entrepreneurial resources to engage in entrepreneurial activities, but as speculated, the level of their entrepreneurial engagement is low. The study adds to the body of knowledge on academic entrepreneurship and makes recommendations to improve African academic entrepreneurial engagement. The limitations of the study and future research directions were discussed.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"225 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116767617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: A conceptual framework is developed to postulate the process of developing entrepreneurs at a university level as a panacea for mitigating high levels of graduate unemployment in South Africa. The challenges are compounded by slow economic growth and the resultant high unemployment levels. Despite the growing body of empirical research evidence on the development of entrepreneurs in general, there is limited research on the development of student entrepreneurship. Drawing on Azjen’s (1991) theory of planned behaviour, the paper conceptualises on factors that potentially influence the intention of students within the university to become entrepreneurs. Following Azen (1991), the paper interrogates the influence of the following four factors, namely, attitude towards entrepreneurship, role models, entrepreneurial leaders, and resources and opportunities. The conceptual framework proposes a model that will assist in developing student entrepreneurship mindsets and aptitudes that will equip them to embark on rather starting their own ventures upon graduation, than seeking employment. The entrepreneurship development process will create opportunities for self-employment, as well as employment creation within the South African economy.
{"title":"THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURS AT UNIVERSITY IN AN EMERGING ECONOMY: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK","authors":"Marlin Hoffman","doi":"10.14426/jei.v1i1.576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v1i1.576","url":null,"abstract":": A conceptual framework is developed to postulate the process of developing entrepreneurs at a university level as a panacea for mitigating high levels of graduate unemployment in South Africa. The challenges are compounded by slow economic growth and the resultant high unemployment levels. Despite the growing body of empirical research evidence on the development of entrepreneurs in general, there is limited research on the development of student entrepreneurship. Drawing on Azjen’s (1991) theory of planned behaviour, the paper conceptualises on factors that potentially influence the intention of students within the university to become entrepreneurs. Following Azen (1991), the paper interrogates the influence of the following four factors, namely, attitude towards entrepreneurship, role models, entrepreneurial leaders, and resources and opportunities. The conceptual framework proposes a model that will assist in developing student entrepreneurship mindsets and aptitudes that will equip them to embark on rather starting their own ventures upon graduation, than seeking employment. The entrepreneurship development process will create opportunities for self-employment, as well as employment creation within the South African economy.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132781257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses the problems that a number of qualitative researchers in entrepreneurship studies are faced with. Very often qualitative researchers are confronted with at least three main concerns (1) How can I collect good quality data? (2) How do I analyse such data? (3) How do I select a qualitative research procedure? It is against this background that the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate strategies that researchers can apply when using qualitative methodologies in entrepreneurship research. The value of this work is that it is among the first to encourage an increased application of qualitative methodologies, including the grounded theory approach in entrepreneurship research.
{"title":"USING GROUNDED THEORY PROCEDURES IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP RESEARCH","authors":"Wellington Chakuzira, Armstrong Kadyamatimba","doi":"10.14426/jei.v1i2.706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v1i2.706","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problems that a number of qualitative researchers in entrepreneurship studies are faced with. Very often qualitative researchers are confronted with at least three main concerns (1) How can I collect good quality data? (2) How do I analyse such data? (3) How do I select a qualitative research procedure? It is against this background that the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate strategies that researchers can apply when using qualitative methodologies in entrepreneurship research. The value of this work is that it is among the first to encourage an increased application of qualitative methodologies, including the grounded theory approach in entrepreneurship research.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125455985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ntswaki Petunia Matlala, Knowledge Shumba, R. Shambare
The fourth industrial revolution has transformed how we do things, including retailing and consumers' shopping habits. Multiple devices equipped with multiple screens enable consumers to compare prices before purchasing goods or services. Despite the fast pace of technological development that has provided an opportunity for a unique and satisfying experience for consumers through any touch point in the retailing industry globally, retailers in developing countries are still lagging in understanding the factors influencing omnichannel consumers' behaviour. The literature on factors influencing omnichannel use in a South African context remains inconsistent and fragmented, as most previous studies are based on consumers in European and Asian markets (Weber-Snyman & Badenhorst-Weiss, 2018). Against this backdrop, it becomes imperative to explore the factors influencing omnichannel consumers' behaviour in South Africa. The study contributes to the emerging and growing field of omnichannel retailing by identifying the factors influencing consumer behavioural intention to use omnichannel in South Africa. Consumers seek out new technology to experiment with and be the first to try it among their family and friends. A descriptive survey was conducted in Gauteng province using a questionnaire. Respondents were identified through the convenience sampling method. The study findings suggest that a consumer's intention to purchase in an omnichannel store is influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy and personal innovativeness. The researcher recommends that the omnichannel retailer managers properly define the values incorporated in an omnichannel store to stimulate personal innovativeness during the online shopping journey, as personal innovativeness is an essential predictor of purchase intention. It would be interesting for another researcher to replicate this study in other provinces across South Africa, specifically rural areas.
{"title":"CONSUMERS' INTENTION TO USE OMNICHANNELS: SOUTH AFRICAN RETAIL STORES PERSPECTIVE","authors":"Ntswaki Petunia Matlala, Knowledge Shumba, R. Shambare","doi":"10.14426/jei.v3i1.1233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v3i1.1233","url":null,"abstract":"The fourth industrial revolution has transformed how we do things, including retailing and consumers' shopping habits. Multiple devices equipped with multiple screens enable consumers to compare prices before purchasing goods or services. Despite the fast pace of technological development that has provided an opportunity for a unique and satisfying experience for consumers through any touch point in the retailing industry globally, retailers in developing countries are still lagging in understanding the factors influencing omnichannel consumers' behaviour. The literature on factors influencing omnichannel use in a South African context remains inconsistent and fragmented, as most previous studies are based on consumers in European and Asian markets (Weber-Snyman & Badenhorst-Weiss, 2018). Against this backdrop, it becomes imperative to explore the factors influencing omnichannel consumers' behaviour in South Africa. The study contributes to the emerging and growing field of omnichannel retailing by identifying the factors influencing consumer behavioural intention to use omnichannel in South Africa. Consumers seek out new technology to experiment with and be the first to try it among their family and friends. A descriptive survey was conducted in Gauteng province using a questionnaire. Respondents were identified through the convenience sampling method. The study findings suggest that a consumer's intention to purchase in an omnichannel store is influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy and personal innovativeness. The researcher recommends that the omnichannel retailer managers properly define the values incorporated in an omnichannel store to stimulate personal innovativeness during the online shopping journey, as personal innovativeness is an essential predictor of purchase intention. It would be interesting for another researcher to replicate this study in other provinces across South Africa, specifically rural areas.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130828475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
South Africa has a rich and powerful history when it comes to overcoming challenges. One of the major challenges which was overcome was the abolishment of apartheid which, among others, led to the transformation of the public sector to include a service to all. The much-needed transformation included a local municipal structure, as well as how to effectively deal with waste. In the past few decades there has been a steady march towards addressing global warming, pollution and other negative effects on the environment (GreenCape Report, 2020). The importance of dealing with waste management in an effective and efficient manner has become more pressing. We tend to look at the problem of pollution and environmental degradation, and the negative impact it has on society, more holistically (PETCO, 2022). This paper will focus on the waste managers within the public sector and introduce the concept of intrapreneurship and explore the possible effects it could have on municipal waste managers. It will also bring the much-needed background information of how waste management fits into the concepts of global warming. The paper brings clarity on the role of the waste managers within the municipal structures, the laws and regulations that need to considered and the management of various logistical issues that make up the duties of a municipal waste manager. Within this paper we will explore intrapreneurship within the waste management sector and highlight to what extent intrapreneurial freedom is allowed.
{"title":"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRAPRENEURIAL WASTE MANAGERS IN THE FUTURE OF SOUTH AFRICA. A CONCEPT PAPER","authors":"N. Venter, Marlin Hoffman","doi":"10.14426/jei.v2i1.1164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v2i1.1164","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa has a rich and powerful history when it comes to overcoming challenges. One of the major challenges which was overcome was the abolishment of apartheid which, among others, led to the transformation of the public sector to include a service to all. The much-needed transformation included a local municipal structure, as well as how to effectively deal with waste. In the past few decades there has been a steady march towards addressing global warming, pollution and other negative effects on the environment (GreenCape Report, 2020). The importance of dealing with waste management in an effective and efficient manner has become more pressing. We tend to look at the problem of pollution and environmental degradation, and the negative impact it has on society, more holistically (PETCO, 2022). This paper will focus on the waste managers within the public sector and introduce the concept of intrapreneurship and explore the possible effects it could have on municipal waste managers. It will also bring the much-needed background information of how waste management fits into the concepts of global warming. The paper brings clarity on the role of the waste managers within the municipal structures, the laws and regulations that need to considered and the management of various logistical issues that make up the duties of a municipal waste manager. Within this paper we will explore intrapreneurship within the waste management sector and highlight to what extent intrapreneurial freedom is allowed.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133155685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Youth entrepreneurship is broadly considered as an important factor of economic growth, job creation and poverty alleviation. Lack of education and training pose major challenges for youth participation in entrepreneurship. This study examines the extent to which the educational curriculum fosters an entrepreneurship culture among the youth, with specific reference to the University of Zululand. The mixed method study surveyed three hundred and seventy-four (374) students and interviewed eleven (11) heads of departments from different faculties at the University of Zululand. The key findings indicated that the university educational curriculum does not equip the students with entrepreneurial skills and mindsets that enable them to start their own businesses. More significantly, the entrepreneurship is only taught in business management departments where the focus is biased towards theory rather than the practical aspects of business ventures. The study concluded that the educational curriculum was too theoretical and that universities has not yet recognized the significance of teaching entrepreneurship across all faculties. The main recommendations are the need for a policy shift towards teaching entrepreneurship in all universities faculties and placing emphasis on the practical aspects of venture creation in entrepreneurship studies, as well as developing incubation centres for grooming entrepreneurs at higher learning institutions.
{"title":"EDUCATIONAL CURRICULUM AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP CULTURE AMONG THE YOUTH: A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY OF ZULULAND","authors":"Thobile N Radebe, M. Vezi-Magigaba","doi":"10.14426/jei.v1i2.705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v1i2.705","url":null,"abstract":"Youth entrepreneurship is broadly considered as an important factor of economic growth, job creation and poverty alleviation. Lack of education and training pose major challenges for youth participation in entrepreneurship. This study examines the extent to which the educational curriculum fosters an entrepreneurship culture among the youth, with specific reference to the University of Zululand. The mixed method study surveyed three hundred and seventy-four (374) students and interviewed eleven (11) heads of departments from different faculties at the University of Zululand. The key findings indicated that the university educational curriculum does not equip the students with entrepreneurial skills and mindsets that enable them to start their own businesses. More significantly, the entrepreneurship is only taught in business management departments where the focus is biased towards theory rather than the practical aspects of business ventures. The study concluded that the educational curriculum was too theoretical and that universities has not yet recognized the significance of teaching entrepreneurship across all faculties. The main recommendations are the need for a policy shift towards teaching entrepreneurship in all universities faculties and placing emphasis on the practical aspects of venture creation in entrepreneurship studies, as well as developing incubation centres for grooming entrepreneurs at higher learning institutions.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116911779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The Kyoto Protocol Article 12 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the United Nations Framework Conversion on Climate Change (UN FCCC), focuses on delivering sustainable development through compliance with quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments. This study explores the financial mechanisms within the Clean Development Mechanism framework to finance energy-efficient interventions projects in Kuyasa low-income community, Khayelitsha in Cape Town. A purposive sample of three hundred and seventy (370) Kuyasa residents and fifteen (15) experts on renewable energy were interviewed using self-completed questionnaires and in-depth interview schedules, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The majority of the respondents confirmed that the project lacked post-implementation sustainable financial mechanisms to fund the maintenance and upgrades of the 2 309 houses retrofitted with solar water heaters, compact fluorescent lights, and insulated ceilings. Attempts to impose a R30 contribution per household, which was not initially agreed at the conception of the project, was rejected by the Kuyasa project beneficiaries. Equally, an attempt to charge an ‘availability’ charge was unsuccessful, because beneficiaries could not afford to pay. Similarly pre-project revenue expected revenue streams through selling Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) and they were negatively affected by delays and decline in CERs credit values. Lastly, the proposal to monetize the monthly government grant of 50 kWh per month to low-income households, was still under consideration while this study was conducted. Overall, the failure to develop a sustainable finance mechanism resulted in the Kuyasa renewable energy project recording a negative net present value. The study recommends that project implementers should apply holistic approaches that engender a buy-in by all stakeholders. There is a need for forward planning with respect to post-project funding imperatives and revenue streams that ensure the financial sustainability of projects.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL MECHANISMS FOR ENERGY- EFFICIENT INTERVENTION PROJECTS IN LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES: A CASE STUDY FOR KUYASA, CAPE TOWN","authors":"T. Maphosa, A. Bayat, H. Annegarn","doi":"10.14426/jei.v1i1.572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v1i1.572","url":null,"abstract":": The Kyoto Protocol Article 12 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the United Nations Framework Conversion on Climate Change (UN FCCC), focuses on delivering sustainable development through compliance with quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments. This study explores the financial mechanisms within the Clean Development Mechanism framework to finance energy-efficient interventions projects in Kuyasa low-income community, Khayelitsha in Cape Town. A purposive sample of three hundred and seventy (370) Kuyasa residents and fifteen (15) experts on renewable energy were interviewed using self-completed questionnaires and in-depth interview schedules, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The majority of the respondents confirmed that the project lacked post-implementation sustainable financial mechanisms to fund the maintenance and upgrades of the 2 309 houses retrofitted with solar water heaters, compact fluorescent lights, and insulated ceilings. Attempts to impose a R30 contribution per household, which was not initially agreed at the conception of the project, was rejected by the Kuyasa project beneficiaries. Equally, an attempt to charge an ‘availability’ charge was unsuccessful, because beneficiaries could not afford to pay. Similarly pre-project revenue expected revenue streams through selling Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) and they were negatively affected by delays and decline in CERs credit values. Lastly, the proposal to monetize the monthly government grant of 50 kWh per month to low-income households, was still under consideration while this study was conducted. Overall, the failure to develop a sustainable finance mechanism resulted in the Kuyasa renewable energy project recording a negative net present value. The study recommends that project implementers should apply holistic approaches that engender a buy-in by all stakeholders. There is a need for forward planning with respect to post-project funding imperatives and revenue streams that ensure the financial sustainability of projects.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121157275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
paper proposes a conceptual framework based on development finance theory, for assessing the impact of microfinance on the sustainability of poor clients. The conceptual framework has been undertaken for a study on the impact of sustainable lending approaches on smallholder farming sustainability in rural Zimbabwe. Abstract: Debates on the impact of microfinance on alleviation of poverty have revolved around two contrasting approaches that advocate sustainable lending and subsidised lending, respectively. This conceptual paper presents literature reviews on sustainable lending and the subsidised lending approaches, and their impact on the sustainability of ‘poor’ clients. Literature reviews highlighted that the sustainable lending paradigm mainly focuses on serving the ‘active poor’ clients, whilst the subsidised lending approach focuses on serving ‘extremely poor’ clients, respectively. ‘Active poor’ clients are regarded as those who have marketable skills and/or control over earning assets and are considered creditworthy borrowers. In contrast, ‘extremely poor’ clients have neither marketable skills nor earning assets. Smallholder farmers were used as a proxy for extremely poor clients conceptualising the notion of sustainability. A conceptual framework was developed to identify the nature of the relationship amongst constructs, informing the relationship between microfinance and poor clients (smallholder farmers). The conceptual framework has been undertaken for a study on the impact of sustainable lending approaches on smallholder farming sustainability in rural Zimbabwe.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF ‘POOR’ CLIENTS: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW","authors":"Jeremiah Machingambi","doi":"10.14426/jei.v1i1.575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v1i1.575","url":null,"abstract":"paper proposes a conceptual framework based on development finance theory, for assessing the impact of microfinance on the sustainability of poor clients. The conceptual framework has been undertaken for a study on the impact of sustainable lending approaches on smallholder farming sustainability in rural Zimbabwe. Abstract: Debates on the impact of microfinance on alleviation of poverty have revolved around two contrasting approaches that advocate sustainable lending and subsidised lending, respectively. This conceptual paper presents literature reviews on sustainable lending and the subsidised lending approaches, and their impact on the sustainability of ‘poor’ clients. Literature reviews highlighted that the sustainable lending paradigm mainly focuses on serving the ‘active poor’ clients, whilst the subsidised lending approach focuses on serving ‘extremely poor’ clients, respectively. ‘Active poor’ clients are regarded as those who have marketable skills and/or control over earning assets and are considered creditworthy borrowers. In contrast, ‘extremely poor’ clients have neither marketable skills nor earning assets. Smallholder farmers were used as a proxy for extremely poor clients conceptualising the notion of sustainability. A conceptual framework was developed to identify the nature of the relationship amongst constructs, informing the relationship between microfinance and poor clients (smallholder farmers). The conceptual framework has been undertaken for a study on the impact of sustainable lending approaches on smallholder farming sustainability in rural Zimbabwe.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123669762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of youth-owned businesses is one of the key drivers of economic growth, innovation and job creation in developing countries. Business Development Support (BDS) is one vehicle that has been used in South Africa to achieve this by capacitating entrepreneurs with the necessary skills and knowledge for venture creation. This study investigates the impact of BDS training on the success of youth entrepreneurship success and the level of adequacy of the training youth receives from BDS providers. The quantitative cross-sectional design study used a survey to collect data from 494 young entrepreneurs enrolled on the BDS programme in the Gauteng province, South Africa. The study's findings showed that BDS training positively impacts entrepreneurship success through financial and non-financial training programmes such as marketing, innovation, risk-taking and management skills. However, it was interesting to note that non-financial training had a more significant impact than a financial training programme on the entrepreneurship success for youth entrepreneurs. Moreover, entrepreneurs viewed the adequacy of training received from BDS differently when analysed across demographics. The study concludes that BDS providers should focus more on providing the youth with non-financial training, which seems to have a bigger impact. It is evident that non-financial training will enhance their innovation, marketing, risk-taking and management skills seeing that this is how non-financial training was operationalised. This study recommends that when designing programs for the youth consideration should be taken on the level of education, management and owner experience, and the age of the business, as the needs seem to be according to these demographics.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT TRAINING ON YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUCCESS IN SOUTH AFRICA: A CASE STUDY OF THE GAUTENG PROVINCE","authors":"Jabulile Msimango-Galawe","doi":"10.14426/jei.v2i1.1165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v2i1.1165","url":null,"abstract":"The development of youth-owned businesses is one of the key drivers of economic growth, innovation and job creation in developing countries. Business Development Support (BDS) is one vehicle that has been used in South Africa to achieve this by capacitating entrepreneurs with the necessary skills and knowledge for venture creation. This study investigates the impact of BDS training on the success of youth entrepreneurship success and the level of adequacy of the training youth receives from BDS providers. The quantitative cross-sectional design study used a survey to collect data from 494 young entrepreneurs enrolled on the BDS programme in the Gauteng province, South Africa. The study's findings showed that BDS training positively impacts entrepreneurship success through financial and non-financial training programmes such as marketing, innovation, risk-taking and management skills. However, it was interesting to note that non-financial training had a more significant impact than a financial training programme on the entrepreneurship success for youth entrepreneurs. Moreover, entrepreneurs viewed the adequacy of training received from BDS differently when analysed across demographics. The study concludes that BDS providers should focus more on providing the youth with non-financial training, which seems to have a bigger impact. It is evident that non-financial training will enhance their innovation, marketing, risk-taking and management skills seeing that this is how non-financial training was operationalised. This study recommends that when designing programs for the youth consideration should be taken on the level of education, management and owner experience, and the age of the business, as the needs seem to be according to these demographics.","PeriodicalId":106682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Entrepreneurial Innovations","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133421881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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